Atoms, Elements and The Atoms, Elements and The Periodic TablePeriodic Table

ATOMSATOMS

An An ATOMATOM is the is the smallestsmallest piece of matter piece of matter that that cannotcannot be broken down. be broken down.

All types of atoms are found on the All types of atoms are found on the PERIODIC TABLEPERIODIC TABLE..

periodic tableperiodic table

These are called These are called elements.elements.

These elements These elements combinecombine to to makemake absolutely absolutely everythingeverything in our world in our world

How the Periodic Table Began…How the Periodic Table Began…

The periodic table was created by a The periodic table was created by a Russian chemist, Russian chemist, DmitriDmitri Mendeleev.Mendeleev.

1834-1907

Mendeleev looked at the Mendeleev looked at the chemical chemical and and physicalphysical propertiesproperties of the elements and of the elements and found that some elements were found that some elements were similarsimilar to to othersothers

He He arranged arranged the elements according to the elements according to how they how they behavedbehaved..

The periodic table is divided into three The periodic table is divided into three main groups: main groups: metalsmetals, , nonmetalsnonmetals and and metalloidsmetalloids (have properties of both metals (have properties of both metals and nonmetals)and nonmetals)

Elements and their SymbolsElements and their Symbols

A A chemicalchemical symbolsymbol is an abbreviation of is an abbreviation of the name of the element.the name of the element.

It typically consists of the It typically consists of the firstfirst letterletter of the of the elements name.elements name.

Examples:Examples: oxygen oxygen O O

carbon carbon C C

If another element If another element startsstarts with the with the samesame letterletter, then the 2, then the 2ndnd element will used both element will used both its 1its 1stst and another letter. and another letter.

Only the Only the FIRSTFIRST letter is letter is CAPITALISED CAPITALISED and there are and there are nono spacesspaces between the between the letters.letters.

Examples:Examples: cobalt cobalt Co Cochromiumchromium Cr Crmanganese manganese Mn Mn

Some elements symbols come from their Some elements symbols come from their LatinLatin namename..

Examples:Examples: Sliver = argentum Sliver = argentum Ag Ag

Gold = aurum Gold = aurum Au Au

Tin = stannum Tin = stannum Sn Sn

The current standard table contains The current standard table contains 117117 elementselements as of January 27, 2008 as of January 27, 2008

periodic table songperiodic table song

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