3Material AICLE 3º de ESO: Atomic Theories (Solucionario)

 

TEACHER´S KEY

A.1.

A.3.Se reproduce el texto completo señalándose en negrita los huecos.Proust’s law states that chemical substances only truly combine to form a small number of compounds, each of which is characterized by components that combine in fixed proportions by weight.Lavoisier’s law states that the sum of the weight of two chemical substances when combined is equal to the weight of the newly-formed compound.Gay-Lussac’s law states that whenever gases react together under constant conditions of temperature and pressure, the volumes of the reacting gases as well as products (gases) bear a simple whole number ratio between themselves.

4 Material AICLE 3º de ESO: Atomic Theories (Solucionario)

A.4. Una propuesta de mapa conceptual podría ser:

Una propuesta de mapa conceptual para resumir las hipótesis de Thomson es:

 

 

5Material AICLE 3º de ESO: Atomic Theories (Solucionario)

A.5. El texto completo es el que sigue. Se señala en rojo las palabras de los huecos.

Sir Joseph John Thomson was an English physicist, the discoverer of the electron.

Thomson was born in 1856 in Manchester, England, of Scottish parentage. He studied engineering at Owen’s College, Manchester, and moved on to the University of Cambridge. In 1884 he became professor of experimental physics. One of his students was Ernest Rutherford, who would later succeed him in the post. Influenced by the work of James Clerk Maxwell, and the discovery of the X-ray, he deduced the existence of “corpuscles” or electrons. His discovery was made known in 1897, and caused a sensation in scientific circles, eventually resulting in his being awarded a Nobel prize (1906). Prior to the outbreak of World War I, he made another ground-breaking discovery: the isotope. In 1918, he became Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.

He died in 1940 and is buried in Westminster Abbey, close to Isaac Newton.

A.6. Una propuesta de C-map es:

 

6 Material AICLE 3º de ESO: Atomic Theories (Solucionario)

A.7. Las configuraciones electrónicas son:

A.9.

H: 1 F: 2,7 Al: 2,8,3;

P: 2,8,5; Ca: 2,8,8,2

20 p+

15 p+

13 p+

9 p+

1 p+

Sample Z A Protons Neutrons Electrons

O 8 16 8 8 8

N 7 14 7 7 7

Be 4 9 4 5 4

Mn 25 55 25 30 25

Ba 56 137 56 81 56

O-2 8 16 8 8 10

Sr+2 38 87 38 125 36

Rb+1 37 85 37 122 36

Fe+2 26 56 26 30 24

Br –1 35 80 35 115 36

7Material AICLE 3º de ESO: Atomic Theories (Solucionario)

A.10.3. Configuración de los diferentes átomos a representar con el modelo.

Element Mass number Protons Neutrons Electrons Hydrogen 1 1 0 1

Helium 4 2 2 2

Lithium 7 3 4 3

Beryllium 9 4 5 4

Boron 11 5 6 5

Carbon 12 6 6 6

Nitrogen 14 7 7 7

Oxygen 16 8 8 8

Fluorine 19 9 10 9

Neon 20 10 10 10

Sodium 23 11 12 11

Magnesium 24 12 12 12

Aluminum 27 13 14 13

Silicon 28 14 14 14

Phosphorus 31 15 16 15

Sulfur 32 16 16 16

Chlorine 35 17 18 17

Argon 40 18 22 18

A.10.4. Questionnaire:

1. This orbit is bigger, so there is more space for the electrons, and it’s farther from the nucleus.

2. This is an ion. The charge is +1Yes it’s Lithium because the number of protons is the same.

3. This is an isotopeIt’s neutral.Yes it’s Carbon because the atomic number is the same.

4. Only oneThey can fill the orbit with 1 external electron.

5. The outer orbit is full, so it’s a no reactive element.

6. Number of the rings= number of the periodic.

8 Material AICLE 3º de ESO: Atomic Theories (Solucionario)

A.11. Las respuestas son las siguientes:

Across:1. RUTHERFORD4. ELECTRON5. ION6. ARISTOTLE.7. SPECTRUM8. NEUTRON9. NUCLEUS10. PROTON12. BORH

Down:2. THOMSON.3. DEMOCRITUS8. NEUTRAL11. ORBIT

A.12. Project 1.• Los diálogos deben ser revisados por el departamento de Inglés.• Los pequeños decorados que deban usarse pueden hacerse en colaboración con el departamento de Tecnología.

A.12. Project 2. Esta actividad es de desarrollo libre. Debe ser supervisada por el profesorado.