Roy Mauricio Castillo

Beltrán

Gustavo A. Vega González

Francisco Vaquero

Bryan Reta Oceguera

Carlos A. Cardoso

Group: 140 team

DaltonJohn Dalton FRS (6 September 1766 – 27 July 1844) was an English chemist , meteorologist and physicist .He is best known for his pioneering work in the development of modern atomic theory , and his research into color blindness.

Dalton Model

First scientifically based atomic model, formulated by John Dalton

The model was able to explain for the first time because the chemicals reacted in

proportions fixed stoichiometries (Law of multiple proportions), and why when two

substances react to form two or more different compounds, then the proportions of these

relationships are integers.

Thomson

Proposed by Joseph John Thomson

In this model, the atom is composed of negatively charged electrons in an

atom positive, like a plum pudding. It was thought that the electrons are

distributed uniformly around the atom. At other times, instead of a cloud of

negative charge was running with a cloud of positive charge.

Joseph John "J. J." Thomson, OM FRS (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel laureate. He is credited with discovering electrons and isotopes, and inventing the mass spectrometer. Thomson was awarded the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the electron and for his work on the conduction of electricity in gases.

Thomson Model

RutherfordErnest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson OM, FRS (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand-born British chemist and physicist who became known as the father of nuclear physics. He is considered the greatest experimentalist since Michael Faraday (1791–1867).

The Rutherford model or planetary model is a model of the atom devised by Ernest

Rutherford. Rutherford directed the famous Geiger-Marsden experiment in 1909, which

suggested, upon Rutherford's 1911 analysis, that the so-called "plum pudding model" of J. J.

Thomson of the atom was incorrect. Rutherford's new model for the atom, based on the

experimental results, contained the new features of a relatively high central charge

concentrated into a very small volume in comparison to the rest of the atom and with this

central volume also containing the bulk of the atomic mass of the atom. This region would be

named the "nucleus" of the atom in later years.

Rutherford Model

BohrNiels Henrik David Bohr (7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics, for ) was a which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.

Bohr model explain the reason for the structure

of the Rydberg formula, it also provided a

justification for its empirical results in terms of

fundamental physical constants.

(The Rydberg formula is used in atomic physics to

describe the wavelengths of spectral lines of

many chemical elements.)

This atomic model was introduced by Niels

Bohr in 1913.

-Describes the atom as a small, positively

charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that

travel in circular orbits around the nucleus.

Bohr Model

ChadwickSir James Chadwick CH FRS (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English Nobel laureate in physics awarded for his discovery of the neutron.

Chadwick Neutron

It is remarkable that the neutron was not discovered until 1932 when

James Chadwick used scattering data to calculate the mass of this

neutral particle. Since the time of Rutherford it had been known

that the atomic mass number A of nuclei is a bit more than twice the

atomic number Z for most atoms and that essentially all the mass

of the atom is concentrated in the relatively tiny nucleus.

Quantum theory is the theoretical basis of modern physics that explains the nature and

behavior of matter and energy on the atomic and subatomic level. In 1900, physicist Max Planck

presented his quantum theory to the German Physical Society. Planck had sought to discover

the reason that radiation from a glowing body changes in color from red, to orange, and,

finally, to blue as its temperature rises. He found that by making the assumption that energy

existed in individual units in the same way that matter does, rather than just as a constant

electromagnetic wave - as had been formerly assumed - and was therefore quantifiable, he

could find the answer to his question. The existence of these units became the first assumption

of quantum theory.

Quantum Theory

Max PlanckMax Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, (April 23, 1858 – October 4, 1947) was a German theoretical physicist who originated quantum theory, which won him the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1918.

The End

By ,,Roy Castillo