Atmospheric Composition Research at NASA - SARP 2014

8/12/2019 Atmospheric Composition Research at NASA - SARP 2014

1/55

Gthksp`brcm MkhpksctcklZbsbgrm` gt LG]G

@ga HgrcleTrkergh ]mcbltcst/Hglgebr

Zgfcgtckl ]mcblmbs Trkergh

]tufblt Gcrjkrlb Zbsbgrm` Trkergh

79 Oulb :476


2/55

LG]G Bgrt` ]mcblmb Fcvcsckl

:

B]F 8 Iace`t + Zbsbgrm` & Glgayscs + Vbm`lkakey + Gppacbf ]mcblmb

Gthksp`brcm

Mkhpksctckl

@kw cs gthksp`brcmmkhpksctckl m`glecle;U`gt m`bhcmga & p`yscmga

prkmbssbs grb chpkrtglt

ikr gcr qugacty, rgfcgtcvbtrglsibr glf machgtb;

U`gt trblfsclgthksp`brcm mklstctublts,

makufs glf makufprkpbrtcbsgs wbaa gs skagr

rgfcgtckl grb frcvcle

eakjga machgtb;

@kw fk gthksp`brcm trgmbmklstctublts rbspklftkglf giibmt eakjga

blvcrklhbltga m`gleb;

@kw wcaa m`glebsclgthksp`brcm mkhpksctckl

giibmt kzklb glf rbecklga

-eakjga machgtb;

Bgrt` ]urigmb &

Cltbrckr (vkamglcmbiibmts kl gthksp`brb)

Ubgt`br (biibmts kl gcrqugacty)

Ugtbr & Blbrey

Mymab (gthksp`brcmwgtbr vgpkr)

Mgrjkl Mymab &

Bmksystbhs (MK:, M@6)

Machgtb Ygrcgjcacty

& M`gleb

(gthksp`brcm mklstctubltbiibmts kl machgtb)

FgtgGlgayscs

Hbgsurbhblts


3/55

LG]G Bgrt` ]mcblmb Fcsmcpaclgry Trkerghs

=

Mgrjkl Mymab glf BmksystbhsJckakecmga Kmbglkergp`yVbrrbstrcga BmkakeyJckfcvbrsctyAglf Mkvbr / Aglf RsbMachgtb Ygrcgjcacty glf M`gleb

Hkfbacle, Glgayscs glf TrbfcmtcklMryksp`brbsT`yscmga Kmbglkergp`yUbgt`br

Gthksp`brcm FylghcmsUgtbr glf Blbrey Mymab

Vbrrbstrcga @yfrkakey

Gthksp`brcm MkhpksctcklRppbr Gthksp`brcm Zbsbgrm`Vrkpksp`brcm MkhpksctcklGthksp`brcm MkhpksctcklHkfbacle glf Glgayscs

Zgfcgtckl ]mcblmbsBgrt` ]urigmb glf Cltbrckr

]kacf Bgrt`]uppkrt Trkerghs

Gcrjkrlb ]mcblmb@ce` Tbrikrhglmb MkhputcleFgtg Grm`cvb ]brvcmbs


4/55

U`gt fbiclbs Gthksp`brcm Mkhpksctckl;

!Gaa t`b stuiicl t`b gthksp`brb t`gt `gs gl chpgmt kl `uhgl acvbs." Jgscm egsbs clvkavbf jckakecmga glf glt`rkpkeblcm prkmbssbs (K:, MK:,

L:K, M@6, MIMs, `yfrkmgrjkls, pkaautglts (LK, Kzklb).

" Egsbs t`gt grb sbmklfgry prkfumts irkh m`bhcstry t`gt clvkavbs t`bgjkvb egsbs (LK:, K@, @K:, K=,!!..)

" Gbrkskas (mklfblsbf egsbs, fust, kreglcm rbgmtglts, sbg sgat, btm.)" Ugtbr cl GAA cts ikrhs (egs, acqucf, cmb)

!V`b gthksp`brcm mklstctublts t`gt mklstrgcl t`b rgfcgtcvb jgaglmbki t`b gthksp`brb (c.b. machgtb ikrmcle)

" Erbbl`kusb egsbs (MK:, M@6, L:K, K=, MIMs, btm.)" Ugtbr cl GAA cts ikrhs (vgpkr, wgtbr makufs, cmb makufs, prbmcpctgtckl)" Gbrkskas

6


5/55

@kw cs gthksp`brcm rbsbgrm` fklb gt

LG]G;

!Zbsbgrm` cs pbrikrhbf gakle t`b ikaakwcle aclbs?" ]gtbaactb kjsbrvgtckls ki t`b gthksp`brb (hkrb agtbr)" Gcrjkrlb kjsbrvgtckls ki t`b gthksp`brb (w`gt yku grb `brb tk abgrl)" Kt`br sujkrjctgakjsbrvgtckls ki t`b gthksp`brb (sklfb jgaakkls glf

agreb `ce` gatctufb jgaakkls)

" Erkulf-jgsbf kjsbrvgtckls ki t`b gthksp`brb" Fgtg Glgayscs glf hkfbacle stufcbs uscle glf/kr tycle tkebt`br gaat`b

gjkvb kjsbrvgtckls

!Trkerghhgtcm Ekgas cl Gcrjkrlb Zbsbgrm`?" ]mcblmb" ]gtbaactb Mgacjrgtckl/Ygacfgtckl" ]blskr Fbvbakphblt (gcrjkrlb glf sgtbaactb)" Vrgclcle (TC glf Mghpgcel/Hcssckl abgfbrs`cp)

2


6/55

Rppbr Gthksp`brb Zbsbgrm` Trkergh

!Mklmbltrgtbs kl kjsbrvgtckls t`gt guehblt t`b sgtbaactbkjsbrvgtckls ki kzklb gs wbaa gs t`b mkhpksctckl ki t`b

strgtksp`brb glf uppbr trkpksp`brb.

!@ce` gatctufb gcrmrgit kjsbrvgtckls ki K=, MIMs, wgtbr vgpkr, kt`brskurmb egsbs t`gt mgl fbpabtb kzklb, glf t`b rbgmtcvb irbb rgfcmgas

t`gt fcrbmtay rbgmt wct` kzklb.!@ce`br gatctufb agreb jgaakkl kjsbrvgtckls hgncle schcagr

hbgsurbhblts.

!Erkulf jgsbf kjsbrvgtckls t`gt prkvcfb t`b akle tbrh rbmkrfs kikzklb, kzklb fbpabtcle sujstglmbs, glf rbgmtcvb rgfcmgas.

!Kt`br kjsbrvgtckls t`gt vgacfgtbt`b sgtbaactb kjsbrvgtckls irkh t`bGurg sgtbaactb.

!Agjkrgtkry stufcbs t`gt `bap tk cltbrprbt t`b kjsbrvgtckls irkh gaa kit`b gjkvb!.

9


7/55

:445 Gcrmrgit Mghpgcel cl Mkstg Zcmg


8/55

72x74=

7 4

2

Gatctufb

(h

)

=4:2:472

Vk tg a Kregl cm Jrkhclb (phk a /hk a )

1


9/55

@ce` Gatctufb Jgaakkl Iace`ts

3


10/55

Bxghpabs ki p`ktkm`bhcstry stufcbs irkh jgaakkl fgtg

74


11/55

GEGEB cs fcstcleucs`bf

jy cts mgpgjcacty tk

hbgsurb kvbr t`b eakjb

gt `ce` irbqublmy gahkst

gaa ki t`b chpkrtgltspbmcbs cl t`b Hkltrbga

Trktkmkatk prktbmt t`b

kzklb agybr glf gahkst

gaa ki t`b scelcicmglt lkl

-MK:egsbs cl t`b Nyktk

Trktkmkatk hctcegtb

machgtb m`gleb.

V`b GEGEB, glf cts prbfbmbsskrs (t`b Gthksp`brcm Acibtchb Bxpbrchblt, GAB,

glf t`b Eakjga Gthksp`brcm Egsbs Bxpbrchblt, EGEB) `gvb jbbl hbgsurcle

t`b mkhpksctckl ki t`b eakjga gthksp`brb mkltclukusay sclmb 7350.

]KEB? ]ystbh ikr Kjsbrvgtckl ki @gakeblgtbfErbbl`kusb Egsbs cl BurkpbLCB]? Lgtcklga Clstctutb ikr Blvcrklhbltga ]tufcbs Ogpgl]LR? ]bkua Lgtcklga Rlcvbrscty Nkrbg.GEGEB UBJ ]CVB gt `ttp?//gegeb.bgs.egtbm`.bfu

V`b GAB/EGEB/GEGEB stgtckls kmmupy

mkgstga & hkultgcl sctbs grkulf t`b wkraf

m`ksbl tk prkvcfb gmmurgtb hbgsurbhblts

ki trgmb egsbs w`ksb acibtchbs grb akle

mkhpgrbf tk eakjga gthksp`brcm mcrmuagtckl

tchbs.

Gfvglmbf Eakjga Gthksp`brcm Egs

Bxpbrchblt glf Giicacgtbf Lbtwkrn


12/55

Zgfcgtckl ]mcblmbs TrkerghRlfbrstglfcle Babmtrkhgelbtcm Zgfcgtckl cl t`b Bgrt` ]ystbh


13/55

Trkobmts typcmgaay iulfbf cl Z]T? Glgayscs glf hkfbacle ki sgtbaactb rbhktb sblscle

glf kt`br fgtg (b.e., HKFC], HC]Z, KHC,MGACT]K, Makuf]GV,!)

Lbtwkrn hbgsurbhblts ki rgfcgtckl, gbrkskas glfmakufs ikr smcbltcicm clvbstcegtckls glf sgtbaactbmgacjrgtckl glf vgacfgtckl

Icbaf mghpgcels tk hbgsurb gbrkskas, makufs glfrgfcgtckl (b.e., VM-6, GZMVG], HGMTBP,

]BGM6

Z]!

) Agjkrgtkry stufcbs tk rbiclb ulfbrstglfcle ki gbrkska

glf makuf prkpbrtcbs glf t`b prkmbssbs mkltrkaaclet`bh

Z]T iulfbf tgsns!


14/55

GBZKLBV-Gl Cltbrlgtcklgaay Ibfbrgtbf Lbtwkrn

Gbrkska Kptcmga Trkpbrtcbs Zbsbgrm` & Blgjacle Trkobmt Trkergh ki akle tbrh systbhgtcm lbtwkrn hbgsurbhblts @khbpgeb gmmbss `ttp?//gbrklbt.esim.lgsg.ekv/

Hcssckl Kjobmtcvbs Ygacfgtckl ki sgtbaactb gbrkska rbtrcbvgas M`grgmtbrczgtckl ki gbrkska kptcmga prkpbrtcbs ]ylbrecsh wct` sgtbaactb kjsbrvgtckls glf machgtb hkfbas


15/55

Mkkacle

@bgtcle

@glsblbt

ga.7335

V`b Fylghcm Gthksp`brb?GBZKLBV-Fbiclcle Gbrkska Kptcmga Trkpbrtcbs

G a ] Ta T` c a M` t c tc


16/55

Gbrkska ]kurmb Tauhb T`yscmga M`grgmtbrcstcmsirkh HC]Z ]pgmb-jgsbf Huatc-gleab Chgecle

!"#$% !" $%&'() %*"+,! -../

Ucafrb shknb pauhbs tblf tk mklmbltrgtb cl agybrs ki `ce` rbagtcvb gthksp`brcm stgjcacty. Uct` jukyglmy irkh g rb kr vkamglk, t`by mgl rbgm` stgjab agybrs gjkvb t`b jkulfgry agybr.#V`b HC]Z pauhb `bce`t hbgsurbhblts mgl jb usbf cl hkfbas t`gt prbfcmt gbrkska trglspkrt. V`b EBK]-M@BH Hkfbacleerkup gt @grvgrf (O. Akegl bt ga) cs clvbstcegtcle t`cs gppacmgtckl.

7

:

=

6

2

4.4 4.9 7.: 4.4 7.: :.6 4 2444 74,4444

-

7

:

=

HC]Z lgfcr vcbwKrbekl wcafrb ]bpt 46 :44= ]hknb & jnef gbrkska ghkult ~Tgrtcmab ]czb ]hknb Tauhb @bce`t

T7 T: T= T6 T2

HC]Z ]tbrbk-Fbrcvbf ]hknb Tauhb @bce`t `cstkerghs ikr vb pgtm`bs, paus hkfba-fbrcvbf gthksp`brcm stgjcacty prkab


17/55

MGACT]K Kjsbrvgtckls Gaa = Acfgr M`gllbas

Fbsbrtfust

Jckhgssshknb

Mcrrus

29.57

=:.79

65.02

:0.25

=3.3:

:2.50

=7.36

:=.69

:=.3=

:7.6:

72.34

73.22

5.07

75.55

-4.:=

79.42

-0.:0

76.:=

-79.=7

7:.29

-:6.==

74.93

-=:.=:

0.96

-64.:5

9.=4

Gatctufb,

nh

Gatctufb,

nh

Gatctufb,

nh

Icrb akmgtckls cl skut`brlGircmg irkh HKFC]

74 Oulb :449

3 Oulb :449


18/55

70

Vrkpksp`brcm Mkhpksctckl Trkergh

! ]tufcbs ki t`b mkhpksctckl ki t`b trkpksp`brb.! Chprkvb ulfbrstglfcle ki trkpksp`brcm m`bhcstry.! Jbttbr ulfbrstglf t`b prkmbssbs cliaublmcle gcr qugacty glfchprkvb kur prbfcmtcvb gjcacty.! M`grgmtbrczb `kw trkpksp`brcm mkhpksctckl cliaublmbs t`b Bgrt`

Machgtb systbh.

LG]G V ` c M` c t Ic af M c


19/55

73

LG]G Vrkpksp`brcm M`bhcstry Icbaf Mghpgcels(730=-:440)


20/55

:4Vgnbl irkh Lgtcklga Gcr Wugacty-]tgtus glf Vrblfs t`rkue` :445 (`ttp?//www.bpg.ekv/gcrtrblfs/:440/)

Kzklb mklmbltrgtckls cl pph, :445(ikurt` `ce`bst fgcay hgx 0-`kur mklmbltrgtckl).

Glluga gvbrgeb TH:.2 mklmbltrgtckls cl "e/h=, :445

* Sbaakw glf Zbf syhjkas rbprbsblt abvbas cl vckagtckl ki LGGW]

Yckagtckls ki Lgtcklga

Ghjcblt Gcr Wugacty

]tglfgrfs (LGGW]) grb

prchgrcay rbagtbf tk kzklb

glf iclb pgrtcmuagtb hgttbr.

Gcr Wugacty cs gl Chpkrtglt Cssub


21/55

:7

Kzklb (K=)? Gurg-KHC, Gurg-HA], Gurg-VB]

Mgrjkl Hklkxcfb (MK)? Vbrrg-HKTCVV, Gqug-GCZ], Gurg-VB]Lctrkebl Fckxcfb (LK:)? Gurg-KHC

Ikrhgafb`yfb (M@:K)? Gurg-KHC

Gbrkska? Vbrrg-HKFC] glf HC]Z, Gqug-HKFC], Gurg-KHC, MGACT]K, ]-LTT

Murrblt LG]G sgtbaactb kjsbrvgtckls rbabvglt tk

Vrkpksp`brcm Mkhpksctckl

Vbrrg74?=4

]kuhc-LTT


22/55

::

LK kjsbrvgtckls irkh KHC?


23/55

:=

]trblet`s?Gthksp`brcm LK:gjulfglmb cs wbce`tbf tkwgrf surigmb,

t`brbikrb mkauhl hbgsurbhblt mgl ycbaf usbiua

clikrhgtckl kl vgrcgjcacty cl surigmb bhcssckls

Gthksp`brcm acibtchb ki LK:cs abss t`gl klb fgy lbgr t`bsurigmb, t`brbikrb kjsbrvbf bl`glmbhblts grb cl maksb

prkxchcty tk skurmbs.

Achctgtckls?

]trgtksp`brcm gjulfglmb ki LK:hust jb sujtrgmtbf tk ecvbg trkpksp`brcm rbscfuga (schcagr tk kzklb), `kwbvbr,

trkpksp`brcm LK:fkhclgtbs t`b mkauhl cl pkaautbf grbgs.

Tgrtctcklcle jbtwbbl LK:glf LK hust jb gssbssbf tkbstchgtb tktga LKP, gat`kue` LK:typcmgaay mklstctutbs ~04%

ki lbgr-surigmb LKP Bhcssckl ki LKPulfbrekbs agreb fcurlga vgrcgjcacty

LK:kjsbrvgtckls irkh KHC?

@ce` rbskautckl clikrhgtckl kl glt`rkpkeblcm bhcssckls


24/55

:6

Gthksp`brcm M`bhcstry Hkfbacle glf Glgayscs Trkergh

! Hkfbacle stufcbs uscle LG]G sgtbaactb fgtg.! Hkfbacle glf glgayscs ki LG]G erkulf, gcrjkrlb, glf jgaakkl

fgtg sbts.

! Hkfba fbvbakphblt tk chprkvb gthksp`brb glf machgtb m`glebprbfcmtckl.

!Gaa ki t`bsb stufcbs grb tk gfvglmb t`b nlkwabfeb ki t`biulfghbltga prkmbssbs ki t`b gthksp`brb glf cts cltbrgmtckl

wct` t`b rbst ki t`b Bgrt` Machgtb systbh.

G /KHC t ` f c


25/55

Gurg/KHC hbgsurbhblts s`kw g fbmrbgsb cl]K: ghkults kvbr t`b Bgstbrl Rlctbf ]tgtbs

V`b Kzklb Hklctkrcle Clstruhblt (KHC) fgtg mklicrh g sujstgltcga rbfumtckl cl suaiur fckxcfb (]K:) vgaubs grkulf t`bagrebst R] mkga pkwbr paglts gs g rbsuat ki t`b chpabhbltgtckl ki ]K:pkaautckl mkltrka hbgsurbs.V`b iceurb s`kws gvbrgeb]K:vgaubs hbgsurbf jy KHC kl t`b LG]G Gurg spgmbmrgit ikr t`b pbrckfs :442-:445 glf :440-:474 kvbr t`b Bgstbrl R] w`brbt`b hgokrcty ki agreb ]K:skurmbs grb akmgtbf. ]mcbltcsts usb t`cs clikrhgtckl tk cfbltciy glt`rkpkeblcm skurmbs ki ]K:glf tkbstchgtb t`bcr bhcssckl rgtbs. V`b erbgtbst vgaubs grb cl vckabt> t`b akwbst cl erbbl. Sbaakw tk vckabt mkakrs mkrrbspklf tk stgtcstcmgaayscelcicmglt bl`glmbhblts cl ]K:pkaautckl cl t`b vcmclcty ki agrebst ]K:bhcttcle mkga-jurlcle pkwbr paglts clfcmgtbf jy t`b jagmnfkts.

Trbvckus usb ki spgmb-jgsbf ]K:rbtrcbvgas `gs jbbl achctbf tk hklctkrcle pauhbs irkh vkamglcmbruptckls glf fbtbmtcle glt`rkpkeblcm bhcssckls irkh agreb skurmb rbeckls gs cl M`clg. G lbwspgtcga icatrgtckl tbm`lcqub gaakws fbtbmtckl ki clfcvcfuga pkaautckl skurmbs cl Mglgfg glf R].

Hbgl ]K:vgaubs ikr :442-:445 Hbgl ]K:vgaubs ikr :440-:474

! "#$ &! '()*+,)*-.+'x79 :

pkwbr paglts

Ickabtkv, Y., bt ga., (:477), Ebkp`yscmga Zbsbgrm` Abttbrs


26/55

:9

]mcblmbMkhhulcty ]gtbaactb &Mghpgcel

MklmbptsFgtg Glgayscs &Trkmbss Hkfbas

Eakjga &ZbecklgaHkfbas

Fgtg Zbmkrfs

Jb`gvckr& Tkacmy

V`b ]mcbltcm Trkmbss LG]G B]F ]tyabKjsbrvgtckls

]gtbaactbGcrjkrlb]urigmb]ujsurigmb

MklsbqublmbsKi Jb`gvckr & Tkacmy

]mcblmb Kjobmtcvbs Trkvcfbf t`rkue` Bxtbrlga


27/55

:5

]mcblmb Kjobmtcvbs Trkvcfbf t`rkue` BxtbrlgaZbmkhhblfgtckls

:445 FBMGFGA]RZYBS

Zbsbgrm`/Gppacmgtckls prckrctcbs Lk rbgacstcm jufebt mklstrgclt ]`kppcle acst ki hcssckls & gmtcvctcbs Gssuhbf Abegmy hcssckls mkhpabtbf

:474 LG]G ZB]TKL]BVKMACHGVBTAGL

Cfbltcicbf lbw Machgtb Hbgsurbhblts Hgtm`bf gegclst Trbscfblts jufebt Ybttbf w/K]VT, KHJ & Gfhcl

:47: LZM HCFVBZHZBTKZV

Blfkrsbf LG]Gs chpabhbltgtckl Blmkurgebfhkrb rcekrkus mkst mkltrka Blfkrsbf gffctcklga Yblturb mgaasMkhhkl cl gaa eucfglmb cs t`b ikmus

kl t`b akle tbrh smcblmb kjobmtcvbs


28/55

]trgtksp`brcm Kzklb G ]ummbss ]tkry

:0

U`gt Ub Nlbw cl 7306


29/55

Hbgsurcle t`b Kzklb @kab

:3

Gcrjkrlb Gltgrmtcm Kzklb Bxpbrchblt (GGKB) usbs LG]G BZ-: tk prkvcfb

fbiclctcvb bvcfblmb t`gt t`b kzklb `kab cs mgusbf jy mgtgaytcm rbgmtckls


30/55

Gcrjkrlb Gltgrmtcm Kzklb Bxpbrchblt

=4

Uclfs, T, VEgs mgl sghpab

@:K

Kzklb

LK, LKy

MaK, JrK

V-prkicab

Mklfblsgtckl lumabc

Makuf pgrtcmabsL:K


31/55

MaK glf Kzklb Kjsbrvgtckls

=7

GGKB hcssckl cl Gueust-]bptbhjbr 7305? kjsbrvgtckls clscfb t`b pkagr vkrtbxs`kw `ce` MaK cs rbagtbf tk g strkle fbmrbgsb ki kzklb kvbr t`b mkursb ki t`b

Gltgrmtcm sprcle

Gltgrmtcm kzklb `kab wgs ikulf tk rbsuat irkh m`akrclb m`bhcstry (lkt lctrkebl) Hkrb t`gl 94 pujacmgtckls wrcttbl jy t`b blf ki 7303 irkh GGKB fgtg

9= 92 95 93

4.4

4.6

4.0

7.:

Gue. := 7305

9= 92 95 93

4.4

4.6

4.0

7.:

96 99 90 54

4

7

:

=

96 99 90 54

MaK


32/55

V`b Hkltrbga Trktkmka

=:

!V`b Ycbllg Mklvbltckl ikr t`b Trktbmtckl ki t`b Kzklb Agybr(7302)cs g huatcagtbrga blvcrklhbltga gerbbhblt. Ct cs g irghbwkrn

ikr biikrts tk prktbmt t`b kzklb agybr, jut `gs lk jclfcle gmtckls.

" Zbmkelczbf t`b lbbf tk prktbmt t`b kzklb agybr" Bstgjacs`bf g ]bmrbtgrcgt & rbeuagr hbbtcle ikr kzklb agybr cssubs" Bstgjacs`bf g irghbwkrn ikr smcblmb rbsbgrm`

!V`b Hkltrbga Trktkmka kl ]ujstglmbs V`gt Fbpabtb t`b KzklbAgybr (7305)cs gl gerbbhblt w`cm` suppabhblts t`b Ycbllg

Mklvbltckl.

" Zbeuagtbs t`b prkfumtckl glf mklsuhptckl ki spbmcicm sujstglmbs t`gt hkfciy t`bkzklb agybr. Trk`cjcts trgfb wct` lkl-scelgtkry mkultrcbs.

" Huatc-Agtbrga Iulf (Grtcmab 74), rbeuagr rbpkrtcle ki prkfumtckl & mklsuhptckl(Grtcmab 5), rb-bxghclgtckl ki mkltrka hbgsurbs.

" Gssbsshblt prkmbss (Grtcmab 9), bvbry 6 ybgrs, ]mcblmb Gssbsshblt Tglba (]GT),Vbm`lkakey glf Bmklkhcms Gssbsshblt Tglba (VBGT), glf Blvcrklhbltga

Biibmts Gssbsshblt Tglba (BBGT).


33/55

U`y fcf t`b Hkltrbga Trktkmka wkrn;

==

!Zkab ki smcblmb cl t`b lbektcgtckls!Tkwbr ki nlkwabfeb glf pujacm kpclckl!Gmtcvctcbs ki g huatc-agtbrga clstctutckl (RLBT)!R] pkacmcbs glf abgfbrs`cp!V`b prcvgtb sbmtkr Clfustry glf mctczbl erkups!V`b prkmbss sujfcvcfcle t`b prkjabhs!V`b fbscel ki t`b HT gs g iabxcjab glf fylghcm

clstruhblt

]bb Kzklb Fcpakhgmy jy Zcm`grf Jblbfcmn (M`cbi R] lbektcgtkr)


34/55

Kzklb @kab Zbmkvbry

!Gltgrmtcm kzklb fbpabtckl (t`bkzklb `kab) cs mgusbf jy

ùhgl-prkfumbf màkrclb glf

jrkhclb egsbs (MIMs). Kzklb

smrbbls `grhiua uatrgvckabt

rgfcgtckl. Lkw t`gt MIMs grbjgllbf w`bl wcaa t`b kzklb `kab

rbmkvbr;!G pgrghbtrcm hkfba ki t`b kzklb

`kab grbg jgsbf upkl sgtbaactb,

erkulf, glf gcrmrgit kjsbrvgtckls

ki kzklb glf màkrclb glfjrkhclb spbmcbs `gs jbbl

fbvbakpbf.

!V`b hkfba bstchgtbs t`gt t`bkzklb `kab grbg wcaa jbecl tk

fbmrbgsb cl :4:=, glf wcaa jb iuaay

rbmkvbrbf tk 7304s abvbas jy

:454.

! Zbmblt kmmurrblmbs ki pgrtcmuagrayshgaa (:44:) kr agreb (:449)kzklb `kabs grb lkt clfcmgtcvb ki

g akle-tbrh trblf.

]bp. :449

]bp. :44:

774

==4

224


35/55

V`b Ukraf Gvkcfbf

=2

Trkobmtbf Zbmkvbry

Bxpbmtbf

Iuturb

Ukraf

Gvkcfbf


36/55

Murrblt Blvcrklhbltga Trkjabh

=9

Gbrkska biibmts gask cltrkfumb agreb ulmbrtgcltcbs cl t`b gttrcjutckl ki mgusgtckl tk kjsbrvbf machgtb

m`gleb, glf grb, cl pgrt, rbspklscjab ikr fciibrblmbs cl prkobmtckls ki iuturb machgtb m`gleb.CTMM, :445

Gbrkska Machgtb Ikrmcle


37/55

Gbrkska Machgtb Ikrmcle

=5

Fcrbmt Gbrkska ZgfcgtcvbIkrmcle (FGZI)

Clfcrbmt Gbrkska Biibmt

(icxbf wgtbr ghkult)

Clfcrbmt Gbrkska Biibmt

(clmrbgsbf wgtbr ghkult)

]bhc-Fcrbmt Biibmt(gjskrjcle gbrkskas)

hkrb luhbrkus, shgaabr,

aklebr acvbf makuf pgrtcmabs

Clmrbgsbf Gbrkskas T`blkhblg

clmrbgsbf smgttbrclepksscjab clmrbgsbf gjskrptckl

Ikrmcle

mkkacle glf pksscjabgthksp`brcm wgrhcle

mkkacle glf rbfcstrcjutckl

ki prbmcpctgtckl

hkrb luhbrkus, shgaabr,

makuf pgrtcmabs

mkkacle glf

clmrbgsb/rbfcstrcjutckl

ki prbmcpctgtckl

shgaabr, s`krtbr acvbfmakuf pgrtcmabs

gthksp`brcm wgrhclesurigmb mkkacle


38/55

Gbrkska Clfcrbmt Biibmt

=0

Ibwbr gbrkskasIbwbr, agrebr frkpabts

Abss rbiabmtcvb makufsUbgn mkkacle

Hkrb gbrkskasHkrb, shgaabr frkpabts

Hkrb rbiabmtcvb makufs]trkle Mkkacle

LG]G sgtbaactbs pkclt tk chpkrtglt cltbrgmtckls jbtwbbl


39/55

=3

] sgtb tbs pk t tk pk tg t tb gmt k s jbt bb

mklvbmtckl, makufs, glf pkaautckl

Ocgle bt ga., EZA, :445

HA] kjsbrvbs bl`glmbf MK

gt `ce` gatctufbs gsskmcgtbf

wct` fbbp mklvbmtckl.

Ocgle bt ga., EZA, :440

Fry sbgskl HA] kjsbrvgtckls ki MK glf Cmb

Ugtbr Mkltblt mkhjclbf wct` HKFC] glf

VZHH sueebst hkfcicbf makuf prkpbrtcbs clprbsblmb ki pkaautckl.

G a C fc t Bii t Ma f V


40/55

64

Gbrkska Clfcrbmt Biibmt Makuf Vypb

Mkltrgca

Mcrrus

Zbiabmtglmb bl`glmbhblt


41/55

gt makuf-irbb grbgs lbgr makufs

Tksscjab mkltrcjutkrs?

Agrebr gbrkska (b.e., `uhcfcty frcvbl swbaacle)=F rgfcgtcvb prkmbssbsLbbf tk ulfbrstglf t`b clmrbgsb ikr?

g mkrrbmt cltbrprbtgtckl ki kjsbrvgtcklschprkvcle kur nlkwabfeb ki gbrkska-makufcltbrgmtckls> w`cm` grb g scelcicmglt pgrt ki t`bagrebst ulmbrtgclty cl machgtb hkfbas

Kjsbrvgtckls?

Mabgr-sny rbiabmtglmb systbhgtcmgaay clmrbgsbslbgr makufs

=F bl`glmbhblt

E


42/55

Eakjga Gbrkska Hkfbacle

6:

G a c Ea j a Mc a tc H f a


43/55

Gbrkskas cl Eakjga Mcrmuagtckl Hkfba

6=

Gc it H t


44/55

Gcrmrgit Hbgsurbhblts

66


45/55

V`gts w`gt C `gvb ikr yku!.

Wubstckls;

BZ :


46/55

BZ-:


47/55

Jgmn Rp

Lbtwkrn ikr t`b Fbtbmtckl ki


48/55

Gthksp`brcm Mkhpksctckl M`gleb

Ma Vchb ]brcbs ikr 22 nh, Mkauhl glf ]urigmb


49/55

]gtbaactb Hbgsurbhblts?

@GAKB fbrcvbf Ma. V`b skacfjagmn aclb cs t`b RLBT jgsbaclb

smblgrck ageebf 2.= ybgrs.

Erkulf-jgsbf Zbhktb ]blscle?

Ouleirguokm` ]tgtckl Ma fbrcvbf

irkh t`b suhhgtckl ki mkauhl

@Ma, MaKLK:, glf hkfbabf

jgmnerkulf MaK.

Erkulf-jgsbf Cl ]ctu?

GEGEB fgtg

Zussbaa glf Glfbrskl, :442

,

HcmrkTuasb Acfgr Lbtwkrn


50/55

]tgtus?

79 gmtcvb sctbs: pagllbf sctbs (cl prbpgrgtckl)

9 prkpksbf sctbs (iulfcle fbpblfblt)

7: s`krt-tbrh icbaf mghpgcels

7 kmbgl mrucsb (twk mrucsbs prb-fgtcle HTALBV grb gvgcagjab)

Gmmkhpacs`hblts?HTALBV `gs eblbrgtbf glf mkltrcjutbf tk kvbr =4 pbbr rbvcbwbf

pujacmgtckls sclmb :444.

Ygacfgtckl & gaekrct`h fbvbakphblt ikr CMB]gt & VKH]. MGACT]K pblfcle.Mkkpbrgtckl wct` GBZKLBV, hkfbacle, glf sgtbaactb erkups abf tk

ikrhuagtckl ki lbw ]ylbrey Vkka (klaclb gbrkska fgtgjgsb)

Ekffgrf tbgh + 7= Tgrtlbrs mkhpksb HTALBV?LG]G AgZM

LKGG B]ZA

Lgvga Zbsbgrm` Agj - Hkltbrby

Ogpgls Lgtcklga Clstctutb ki Tkagr Zbsbgrm`

]pgcls Clstctutk Lgmcklga fb Vmlcmg Gbrkbspgmcga - CLVG

6 R] Rlcvbrsctcbs

: Nkrbgl Rlcvbrsctcbs

7 Vgcwgl Rlcvbrscty

7 M`clbsb Rlcvbrscty kt`br pgrtlbrs pblfcle

Kjobmtcvb?Akle-tbrh, akmga - rbecklga - wkrafwcfb gbrkska glf makuf prkicab

kjsbrvgtckls uscle mkhhkl clstruhblt & fgtg prkmbsscle cl g ibfbrgtbf lbtwkrn

gmtcvb sctbsbaf mghpgcelspagllbf sctbsprkpksbf sctbs

ikrhbr mghpgcel, pbrhglblt sctb pagllbfikrhbr mghpgcel, pbrhglblt sctb prkpksbf

* Hkst sctbs grb mk-akmgtbf wct` GBZKLBV

* Mghpgcels utcaczb ]HGZV-MKHHCV glf/kr

HGGZMK pagtikrhs

* aclb fblktbs rbsbgrm` mrucsb`ttp?//hpalbt.esim.lgsg.ekv

HcmrkTuasb Acfgr Lbtwkrn

Kjsbrvgtckls ki ]g`grgl Fust Vrglspkrt


51/55

Kjsbrvgtckls ki ]g`grgl Fust VrglspkrtZbcf bt ga., OEZ, :44=? Tubrtk Zcmk Fust Bxpbrchblt (TZCFB) cl :444

Tcln fkts clfcmgtb Hgrclb Jkulfgry Agybr `bce`ts irkh lbgrjy rgfcksklfb

Gbrkska & Makuf Bxtclmtckl Trkicabs nh-7

HTALBV Abvba = FgtgMgjrgs Csaglf ]ctb

Ikrhgafb`yfb kjsbrvgtckls irkh KHC?

K cf tc i jc c f t` ` f j c c


52/55

2:

Kxcfgtckl ki jckeblcm glf kt`br `yfrkmgrjkl bhcssckls

]trblet`s?- Gthksp`brcm M@:K gjulfglmb cs

wbce`tbf tkwgrf surigmb wct` lk scelcicmglt

strgtksp`brcm jurfbl

- Kxcfgtckl ki hkst yfrkmgrjklsrbsuat cl M@:K, t`brbikrb ct cs gl bxmbaablt

prkxy ikr t`b cltbergtbf cliaublmb ki

`yfrkmgrjkls kl kzklb p`ktkm`bhcstry

Achctgtckls?

- M@:K cs lkt fcrbmtay bhcttbf, jut

rgt`br cs g jyprkfumt ki p`ktkm`bhcstry.Uct` g s`krt acibtchb (`kurs), ct ulfbrekbs

agreb m`glebs t`rkue`kut t`b fgy.- Gthksp`brcm acibtchb ki M@:K cs

abss t`gl klb fgy, kjsbrvbf bl`glmbhblts

kmmur gt vgrcgjab fcstglmbs irkh

`yfrkmgrjkl skurmbs, fbpblfcle kl t`bcr

gthksp`brcm acibtchb.

HKFC]


53/55

G-trgcl akkn gt

t`b Kmtkjbr

pkaautckl

bpcskfb kvbrM`clg(mkurtbsy Bgrt`

Kjsbrvgtkry

wbjsctb)`ttp?/

/bgrt`kjsbrvgtkry.lgsg.ekv/

HKFC]

KHC gbrkska clfbx clfcmgtbs

agreb ghkult ki babvgtbf

pgrtcmabs t`gt gjskrj RY ace`t

KHC ]K:? :4 tchbs lkrh ikr R]

]tufcbs ki Bhcssckls & Gthksp`brcm Mkhpksctckl, Makufsf Mac t M ac j Z c a ]t fc (]BGM6Z])


54/55

26

glf Machgtb Mkupacle jy Zbecklga ]tufcbs (]BGM6Z])

]BGM6Z] Kjobmtcvbs

V`b kvbrgaa ekga cs tk chprkvb kur ulfbrstglfcle ki t`b trglspkrt glf

trglsikrhgtckl ki gthksp`brcm mklstctublts cl vbrtcmga mklvbmtckl gs wbaa gsm`grgmtbrczb t`b chpgmt kl makuf prkpbrtcbs.

Cl pgrtcmuagr, ]BGM6Z] wcaa clvbstcegtb?

Ybrtcmga trglspkrt cl t`b Lkrt` Ghbrcmgl Hklskkl kvbr ]U Lkrt` Ghbrcmg Jckeblcm bhcssckls cl mklvbmtckl kvbr ]B Lkrt` Ghbrcmg Tkaautglts cl mklvbmtckl kvbr mbltrga Lkrt` Ghbrcmg Bhcssckls irkh prbsmrcjbf jurlcle cl ]B Lkrt` Ghbrcmg Hgrclb gbrkskas glf pkaautglts cl hgrclb mklvbmtckl fbrcvbf muhuaus

mklebstus makufs kvbr t`b lkrt`brl Euai ki Hbxcmk

Bhcssckls irkh ikrbst icrbs cl LU Lkrt` Ghbrcmg

]BGM6Z] Hbgsurbhblts


55/55

]BGM Z] HbgsurbhbltsTagtikrhsBZ-:? Zbhktb sblscle ki gbrkskas glf

makufs gakle wct` cl-sctu trgmbrs

FM-0? Zbhktb sblscle glf cl-sctu

kjsbrvgtckls ki egsbs, gbrkskas

glf makufs

]gtbaactbs? HA], MGACT]K,HKFC], HC]Z,

KHC, HKTCVV, GCZ]

]urigmb-jgsbf? Zbhktb sblscle (b.e., GBZKLBV,@]Z Acfgr, HTALBV)

]klfbs (c.b., kzklb glf wgtbr

Documents

Atmospheric Composition Research at NASA - SARP 2014