ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OPERATIONAL MONITORING

MISSIONS

CAPACITYUSER REQUIREMENTS

Albert Goede

Final Presentation, 2 June 2005, ESTECESA project AO/1-4273/02/NL/GS

From 1/10/2003 to 2/6/2005

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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USER REQUIREMENTSwhat are they and what for

High level data and information requirements for Stratospheric Ozone, Surface UV, Air Quality and Climate

Operational Monitoring Atmospheric Composition

Operational=reliable well proven service Monitoring=data continuity spanning decades

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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Users Who are they and what do they want

Identification of users through user oriented ESA, EC and national projects such as ESA DUE and EC RTD (TEMIS, PROMOTE, EVERGREEN, CREATE/DAEDALUS, GEMS, etc)

Input from key Users at the User Consultation meeting ESTEC 20-21 January 2004 and feedback from Users at the Mid Term Review 31 August 2004

Consultation with federating Agencies such as WMO, EEA, ECMWF,

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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Approach to deriving User Requirements

Based on IGACO Strategy for integrated observations from ground, airborne and space instruments combined with model information through data assimilations. Hence, not just satellite specifications

Based on services already delivered to Users in the ESA GMES Service Element PROMOTE

Building on existing requirement specifications such as WMO-GAW, UNFCCC-GCOS, EUMETSAT and previous ESA studies

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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WP 1000 Reference Documents

WG 1 to 5 reports User Consultation (January 2004) IGOS-P IGACO Theme Report (May 2004) WMO-GAW strategy for Integrating satellite and

ground based GMES GATO Strategy Report (March 2004) GEO User Requirement and Outreach (April 2004) EUMETSAT Observation Requirements Now casting

and Very Short Range Forecasting 2015-2025 EUMETSAT study on Geo Stationary Satellite

Observations for Monitoring Atmospheric Composition 2015-2025

GCOS Implementation Plan in support of UNFCCC (May2004)

ESA Kyoto study 15427/01/NL/MM ACECHEM, GeoTROPE and TROC Earth Explorer

proposals

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User requirements based on ESA GMES Service Element for

Atmosphere PROMOTEServices addressing the Themes:

A. Stratospheric Ozone/Surface UV B. Air QualityC. Climate Change

With applications in :1. Protocol Monitoring2. Forecasting3. Assessment

3x3 matrix of requirements from A-1 to C-3

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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Atmospheric Composition Themes and Applications

Environmental Theme/ Service

Stratospheric Ozone/Surface UV

Air Quality Local Regional/Continen

Climate-Atmosphere Composition interaction

Protocols UNEP Vienna Montreal and sub Prot CFC emission verific Stratos ozone halogen trend monitoring

UN/ECE CLRTAP, EMEP/Gothenb Prot EC Directiv EAP/CAFE AP emission verification AP trend monitoring

UNFCCC Rio Convent Kyoto Protocol GHG/aeros emiss verific GHG/aerosol distributio trend monitoring

Forecast Stratospheric O3 Surface UV NWP

Local Air Quality (BL) Chemi Weather (BL/FT) Aviation routeing (UT) Health Warning (BL)

Climate scenarios NWP reanalysis

Assessment WMO O3 assessments UV health/bio effects global observations chemistry transp mod stratosphere chemistry UV radiative transp

UNEP, EEA assessments Health and safety effects Global, regio, local, obsv Long range transport Regio/local BL models Tropospheric chemistry

UN IPCC assessments Socio-Econom effects Long-term global observ Chemistry-Climate int Radiative Forcing Mod Source attribution

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements Ozone Policy: Montreal Protocol Observations: Ground (Dobson/Brewer,

GAW, NDSC), aircraft (MOZAIC, CARIBIC, NOXAR,..), Satellite (TOMS, GOME, SCIAMACHY, MIPAS, OMI,..)

Models: Atmospheric Chemistry Transport models with data assimilation

Users: WMO, ECMWF, Nat Meteo Inst

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements OzoneMonitoring Service Total ozone time series 1979-2020 at 1% accuracyForecast Services Daily total ozone (1%) Daily 5-10 days forecast (1%) Daily troposphere column (10%) Daily 3D profiles (5%)Assessment Services Total reactive chlorine and bromine loading (15%) Key species catalytic cycles (HOx, NOx, ClOx) Stratospheric H2O, CH4, aerosol/PSC/cloud

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements OzoneTotal Ozone Horizontal

resolution 100-10 km

Temporal resolution 24-6 hrs

RMS error 1%, bias 5%, trend 0.1%

Example GOME vs. TOMS by KNMI employing TOGOMI retrieval vs. TOMS vs8 algorithm

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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Daily Assimilated Ozone profile from MIPAS in ROSE model by DLR

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements UV

Policy: Montreal, UNCED Agenda 21 Observations: ground (Sun photometer

network), satellite (ozone) Models: Assimilated O3 fields, aerosol,

albedo, clouds Users: European/National/private

Consulted: SYKE, RIVM, BVDD,

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements UVUV index (clear sky UV irradiance weighted erythemal

action spectrum)UV dose (integrated daily exposure including clouds)Monitoring Services Time series Global/regional, Monthly/seasonal averages,

(1 index point accuracy) 100km/10km, 1day/1hr (underlying data at higher spatial

resolution (ozone, cloud, aerosol, albedo, )Forecasting Services Near Real Time delay 3 hrs, cloud 30 minAssessment Services Understanding solar radiation balance (closure) Epidemiological studies health/environment sector

(region/time)

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements UV

Forecast daily erythemal UV dose by DWD using ECMWF assimilated data (22-08-03)

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements Air Quality Policy: CLRTAP, EC Framework Directives, National

Emission Ceilings, Aircraft/Shipping emission regulation Observations: ground (EMEP, EEA-TCACC, ), satellite

(GOME, ATSR-2, MODIS, SCIAMACHY, OMI, ) Models: CTM, dispersion (EURAD, CHIMERE, MOCAGE,

ADMS-Urban, ) Users: European/National environmental Agencies

Consulted: LUA/NRW, RIVM (EEA TC-ACC), NILU (EMEP), UBA-Aus, EMPA, EPA, ARPA, JRC-IES, ADEME, INERIS,

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements Air QualityMonitoring Services Surface concentration NO2, O3, SO2, CO, AOD/A, CH4,

NMHC, NH3, 10 km horizontal, 1 hr temporal, regional/glob Time period 25 yr, accuracy 10-50% depending on speciesForecast Services Daily AQ index, time resolution 1 hr, spatial resolution

10km Daily 5-10 days forecast regional/globalAssessment Services Long-range transport (CO, NOx, O3, PM10, ) Long-term trend tropospheric ozone (UTLS, deposition,

photolysis rates Oxidising capacity OH; Prod O3, NOx, H2O2, ROOH,

Loss CO, CH4, NMHC, O3, NO2,

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements Air Quality Aerosol Optical

Depth over Europe for a single month average derived from ATSR-2 on ERS-2 satelliteby TNO-FEL.

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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AQ index forecasts at various scales employing EURAD model by Uni Koln

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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AQ forecast at various scales employing CHIMERE model by LISA/AirParif/Airimax

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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AQ city scale NO2 monitoring and forecast over Greater London employingADMS Urban dispersion model by CERC

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements Climate Change

Policy: UNFCCC, Kyoto, EU/ECCP, IPCC Observations: ground (WDCGG GAW/CMDL, EEA TC-ACC,

GCOS-GUAN), satellite (IMG, MOPITT, ATSR, MODIS, AIRS, SCIAMACHY, MIPAS, TES, IASI, ILAS, OCO, )

Models: Climate chemistry models, inverse models, Users: International/European/National Climate Agencies

Consulted: RIVM (EEA TC-ACC), NILU (EMEP), UBA-Aus,EMPA, EPA, JRC-IES, UNFCCC Bonn,

CAPACITY User Requirements, Final Presentation ESTEC, 2 June 2005

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User Requirements Climate Change

Monitoring Services UTLS GHG vertical distributions 1 km, trend, variability

(incl. H2O), aerosol, cirrusEmission Services Surface concentration GHG/aerosol, 50/10 km horizontal,

2/0.5 km vertical, regional/global, 12 hrs temporal, 1-2% (CO2 0.2%) accuracy PBL. Emissions retrieved by inverse modelling

Assessment Services Climate chemistry interaction (Brewer-Dobson circ,

troposphere height, UTLS coupling ozone, H2O, aerosol, clouds. Common ozone transport tracers N2O, CH4, CO, HCl, . Trend H2O 1%,

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Methane concentrations measured by SCIAMACHY 2 yr average

By IUP Heidelberg through EC Project EVERGREEN

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Conclusions User Requirements ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OPERATIONAL MONITORING

Long term continuity of data is a necessary operational monitoring (GMES) requirement

Ozone/UV monitoring and forecast requirements agree with existing/planned observation/model capability

Air Quality services require high temporal resolution (1 hr) at high horizontal resolution (10 km) and high sensitivity at the atmospheric boundary layer, exceeding international existing/planned observation capability

Climate services and ozone assessment require high accuracy at the atmospheric boundary layer for emissions, and high vertical resolution at the UTLS for assessment of GHG (incl. O3, H2O), aerosol and precursors exceeding international existing/planned observation/model capability