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PROVISIONAL ATLAS
OF THE
MYXOMYCETES
OF THE BRITISH ISLES
EDITED BY
BRUCE ING
(CHESTER COLLEGE, CHESTER)
BIOLOGICAL RECORDS CENTRE
Institute of Terrestrial EcologyMonks Wood Experimental Station
Huntingdon
1982
al.
INSTiTUTE OF 17,:rtRE:3171!Al ECOLOGY1 i
M:DLCT:ihN D:26 OQB_Saw
PROVISIONAL ATLAS
OF THE
MYXOMYCETES
OF THE BRITISH ISLES
EDITED BY
BRUCE ING
(CHESTER COLLEGE, CHESTER)
BIOLOGICAL RECORDS CENTRE
Institute of Terrestrial EcologyMonks Wood Experimental Station
Huntingdon
1982
Printed in Great Britain by
NERC/SERC Reprographic Services, Swindon
Copyright 1982
Published in 1982 by Biological Records Centre,Institute of Terrestrial Ecology
ISBN 0 904282 67 8
The Biological Records Centre is operated by theInstitute of Terrestrial Ecology (Natural EnvironmentResearch Council) and receives financial support fromthe Nature Conservancy Council. It seeks to helpnaturalists and research biologists to co-ordinatetheir efforts in studying the occurrence of plantsand animals in the British Isles, and to make theresults of these studies available to others.
1la
Introduction
The study of myxomycetes has developed in the familiar pattern oftaxonomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics, and the nest fewyears have witnessed the start of ecological studies (e.g. Ing, inpress). The distribution of British myxomycetes has been recordedin Census Catalogues (Ing, 1968, 1980, 1982) and the time is rightfor an attempt at mapping.
Species have been selected to illustrate a number of points:
1. that there are several very common species, easilyfound and readily identified by the non-specialist,that seem to occur wherever a suitable habitat isvisited. The maps of these species can be used asa basis for comparing the frequency of the lesscommon species(46 maps).
2. that the majority of spc.des occur in woodland, ondead wood and leaf litter, and their distributionreflects the poorly wooded character of much ofthese islands.
3. that certain ecological groups of species have amarked geographical bias. For example, the ravineassociation is decidedly Atlantic(4 maps) and thestraw-heap association (8 maps) is characteristicof the corn growing areas of the south and east.
4. some species are especially common in the tropicsand apparently are at their geographical limit inthe British Isles and appear to have a southerlybias (13 maps). Others are commoner in the north,perhaps reflecting a boreal pattern. Mapping on acontinental or world scale will help to elucidatethese patterns.
5 the habitats less frequently visited by mycologistssuch as heathland, marsh or coastal ecosystems havefewer myxomycete records and the species involvedare consequently under-recorded.
6. changes in the land use of the British Isles may bereflected in the changes in distribution oforganisms such as myxomycetes. An example is thereduction in the frequency of the straw-heap speciesfollowing changes in agricultural practice, or theincrease in coniferous woodland species as a resultof re-afforestation(9 maps).
The material presented in these maps is gleaned from specimens main-tained in all the public herbaria in the British Isles, from athorough search of all relevant literature, from the field recordsof many mycologists and from the compiler's own field work since1957.
e•
OP
C.•
•
•
The maps distinguish between records made prior to 1960 and thosemade after this date. This coincides with the activity of thecurrent generation of myxomycologists, and conforms with othermapping schemes in operation. In order to allow a beti ,revaluation of the species maps, and especially to avoid over-emphasis of the gaps, Map 1 shows all the recorded 10 km. squaresof the National and Irish Grids from which at least one myxo-mycete record has been made. This map illustrates the unevencoverage of the British Isles and suggests areas for furtherstudy.
Acknowledgements
This atlas could not have been compiled without the help of manymycological colleagues, and in particular members of the BritishMycological Society. I would, however, like to thank most warmlyMalcolm Clark, Peter Holland, Roland McHugh and David Mitchell,who have made major contributions to the records. I should alsolike to thank Dorothy Greene, John Heath and Christopher Prestonof the Biological Records Centre for their encouragement and help- and for producing the maps!
References
ING, B. 1968. A census catalogue of British Myxomycetes.Byfleet:British Mycological Society.
ING, B. 1980. A revised census catalogue of British Myxomycetes,Part 1. Bull. Br. mycol. Soc.14, 97- 111.
ING, B. 1982. A revised census catalogue of British Myxomycetes,Part 2. Bull. Br. mycol. Soc.15 (in press).
ING, B. (in press) The ecology of British myxomycetes.Bot. J. Linn. Soc.
Bruce Ing
Department of ScienceChester CollegeCheyney RoadChester CH1 4BJ
P.
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Mhp 1. All recorded squares. All 10 km. squares of theNational and Irish Grids in which any record ofa myxomycete species has been made. The mapshows the areas of Scotland and Irelandapparently unexplored for myxomycetes comparedwith the better coverage of southern England andNorth Wales. As in all succeeding maps, an opencircle 0 indicates a record made before 1960 anda closed circle • a record made after this date.
9 KM '9'MILES
•
•
8 •
Map 2. Amaurochaete atra (Alb. & Schw.) Rost. An uncommonspecies confined to newly felled coniferous wood.Perhaps increasing with the spread of plantations.
• •
•
a
KM WP100MILES
•
0
Map 3. Arcyria affinis Rost.(A. incarnata var.Algens G.List.). An uncommon species, characteristic of thebeechwoods of the south-east.
o ,„7„ '99100
• •
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.0
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. .• •
0 •
0
• 0.. 010 it:
••
000 og •.• •
Map 4. Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. A common and wide—spread species found on mossy, rotten logs and thebark of living trees, especially oak.
•-•
0 , 100
r MILES W•
0
•
0
-0
080
• 000
0 0•
00 •
• 0
0.4
•0
00°• 0800% 0
0.°:•• 8
00
Map 5. Arcyria denudata (L.) Wettst. A common speciesfound on well rotted logs, especially in woodlandon deeper soils. Probably a lowland species.
0
0 „ 100
MILES 100 0
0
0
0
0 0
0 8 00
0 • 000
'gte
0 •
0
Map 6. Arcyria ferruginea Sauter. An uncommon speciesfound on dead wood, especially in winter, thusprobably under-recorded.
•
KM "P
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Map 7. Arcyria incarnata (Pers.) Pers. A very commonspecies of broad-leaved woodland, especiallycharacteristic of oak woods where it is foundon sticks and branches rather than logs.
,I7Es 190
Map 8. Arcyria minuta Buchet(A. gulielmae Nann.-Brem.;A. carnea (G. List.) G. List.). An uncommonspecies, perhaps overlooked or misidentified,possibly commoner in the eastern half of thecountry.
Eld 100
o MILES
•
•
••
• •
0 00
00 0•
•8•0 :
0 •
8'
i0141. •
00
MAID 9. Arcyria obvelata (Oeder) Onsberg.(A. nutans (Bull.)Grev.). A common and conspicuous species found insummer, often in exposed places, on logs of beechand oak in particular.
KM 90
MILES
se
00
Map 10. Arcyria oerstedtii Rost. An uncommon butconspicuous species, perhaps more frequent inthe south and east, becoming rare in the northand west.
9 Km 190
MILES "•
•
•
-80 08
• 0 0
se'
Map 11. Arcyria pomiformis (Leers) Rost. A common specieson sticks of oak and bark of living trees.Sometimes misidentified and possibly overlooked.
MILES 100
•
00
0
0
Map 12. Badhamia lilacina (Fr.) Rost. More or less confinedto Sphagnumbogs and therefore predominantly westernin distribution.
1WMILO
0
a
0
°.0• ••
000
8 o go*
80
•
• •0
Map 13. Badhamia utricularis (Bull.) Berk. A commonandfamiliar species found on Stereum and similarfungi on logs of broad—leaved trees.
100
100
Map 14. Badhamia versicolor A. List. A rare species foundon mossy bark of living trees, more western indistribution than many corticolous species.
•
•
1 1,0 1.0KM
•
-6 • •. •• • • r.•
•
0
•
• •
00 0
0 •r 0 8
0 • •0 •
00
Map 15. Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (Mull.) Macbr. A commonspecies, especially in wet summers, on very rottenwood, particularly coniferous.
Z s 10P I"
a
•
Map 16. Comatricha nigra (Pers.) Schroet. Ubiquitous, ondead wood of all kinds. Found wherever and when-ever suitable habitats are searched, but overlookedby the non-specialist.
KR100MILES
• •
.0:0.
°
• : : •• 88
•
•: 0 0 .•• 041
Map 17. Comatricha pulchella (C. Bab. ex Berk.) Rost. Acommon species on leaf litter and dead fern fronds.
0 9 m,„KM s
0
• • 0 •
•
• 0
• 0
•
Map 18. Comatricha tenerrima (M.A. Curt.) G. List. Widelyscattered but apparently uncommon, perhaps becauseits main habitats - marshes and reedswamps - areinfrequently searched for myxomycetes.
•
00
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0,
•
•
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8
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• ••0,0'
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Map 19. Craterium minutum (Leers) Fr. A very common litterspecies, often fruiting on living plants a shortdistance above ground.
mo '900 ' MILE:
Map 20. Craterium muscorum B. Ing. (Badhamia rubiginosa
(Chev.) Rost. var.globosa A. & G. List.). A rare,
Atlantic species, characteristic of moss—covered
rocks in wooded ravines.
RILES
100100
Map 21. Craterium obovatum Peck (Badhamia obovata (Peck)S.J. Smith). A rare species of fern litter,confined to the south-east of the British Isles.
100
MILES
a
• 0
0• •
70.
.ge
Map 22. Cribrariaargillacea (Pers.) Pers. More or lessconfined to coniferous woodland and increasingwith the spread of forestry plantations.
MILES
•
•
0
• .0 •
• •
• •
• 0
0
0
.800
00 0•
0 if
:
00
Map 23. Cribraria aurantiaca Schrad. More or less confinedto coniferous woodland and increasing with thespread of forestry plantations.
KM 900 M 1Lf S
•
•
0
• •
•
•
0
0
• so ••• 00• 0. 0 •gt:
so0
0
• 00.
Map 24. Cribraria cancellata (Batsch) Nann.-Brem.(Dictydium cancellatum (Batsch) Macbr.). Largelyconfined to coniferous woodland and increasingwith the spread of forestry plantations.
a „ 100
MILES 100
•
0
Map 25. Cribraria rufa (Roth) Rost. Characteristic of deadconiferous wood and rapidly increasing with thespread of forestry plantations.
Km 10p
0 MILES "0
er..
0 0
Map 26. Diachea leucopodia (Bull.) Rost. A characteristicand widespread species of leaf litter in thetropics which thins out northwards and westwardsin the British Isles.
9 Km 99° MILES 100
•
Nap 27. Diacheopsis insessa (G. List.) B. Ing. A rarelichenicolous species with a markedly Atlanticdistribution. Possibly endemic.
'? 01
NILES
0
a
0
04 •
0
0
0
0
00
0
8°
0
00
• 0
0 8 •
0 • • • •
Map 28. Dictydiaethalium plumbeum (Schum.) Rost. A
characteristic species of beech logs in south-
eastern England, thinning out northwards andwestwards.
•
0 100KIt0 MILES 100
a.CO
Map 29. Diderma chondrioderma (de Bary & Rost.) G. List.A rare species of mossy bark of living trees;moderately Atlantic.
"MILES
0
0 0
0 00
00
00 • 000:
Map 30. Diderma floriforme (Bull.) Pers. An uncommon
species, on rotten logs, with a south-eastern
bias in its distribution.
0
0 100.00
MILES
8
Map 31. Diderma lucidum Berk. & Br. A rare and beautifulspecies of moss-covered rocks in ravines - thecharacteristic Atlantic myxomycete. Previouslythought to be endemic but now known from Japan.
011
MILES 100
•
• •
0
Map 32. Diderma ochraceum Hoffm. A ravine species, part ofthe Atlantic element.
K2.
Str
Map 33. Diderma testaceum (Schrad.) Pers. An uncommonlitter species, distinctly southern indistribution.
0MEMILE, 1"
Map 34. Didymium anellusMorg. An uncommon litter species,tending to a south-easterly pattern.
9 R:7E s '99 .0
•
•
• •0•
8 o Oo•o
O 3
Map 35. Didymium difforme(Pers.) S.F. Fray (excludingvars.comatumA. List, and repandum G. List.).A common and widespread species of soil andlitter, found wherever sought in suitablehabitats.
• •
. 9- z, 190 m.
Map 36. Didymium laxifilaG. List. & Ross. A rare specieswith a disjunct distribution pattern, centred onthe London area. Found in deep leaf litter,especially of sweet chestnut.
MILES
Ion100
•
a
00
0 0 00
41 .._ 00 0 00
col0 • •'• •
••8.r 0
•
SS
•• •
O 0
•• 8 0
0° 8 °0
0
• •
Map 37. Didymium nigripes (Link) Fr. A common and wide—spread species, characteristic of holly litter.
MILES
100
3•
0
'.0 •0 0
.8
.08° 8 V
.0
.:*
• 0.
*
•0 8• ::0 0 8
°
Map 38. Didymium squamulosum (Alb. & Schw.) Fr. A wide-spread and abundant species of litter of all kinds.
110
MILES 'C'e
Map 39. Didymium trachysporumG. List. Characteristic ofstraw heaps and perhaps confined to arable areas.The Scottish record is from old thatch. As strawheaps disappeared, so dida distinctive group ofspecies; the recent change to production of strawbales has brought a partial recovery.
KM
MILES
4te
map O. Didymium vaccinum (Dur. & Mont.) Buchet. Another
straw heap species, now not uncommon on straw bales
and grass piles.
•
•
% • •
• •• • • •
: • h •
Map 41. Echinostelium minutumde Bary. A common and wide-spread species on the bark of living trees. Itsknown distribution reflects the increasing use ofmoist chamber culture techniques.
• •
•
KM 100
100 MILES• •
• •
•
•
•
0
• •
••
•
• oot0 •.• r 0 •0 0
0 00.
Map 42. Enerthenema papillatum (Pers.) Rost. A commonspecies found on rotting wood and the bark ofliving trees.
.0
•• •
0
0
• 0°
0
0
0 0
r
•
0 •
•
I:.
•
:01
• •
•
•
• ••
0 100SM100MILES
O• •
0
•.0
•
8
a
•• f O82. •0 • . 0
0 08 00
Map 43. Enteridium lycoperdon (Bull.) Farr (ReticuLarialycoperdon Bull.). A large, conspicuous and easilyidentified species found in spring on many kinds ofrotten wood, including fences, house timbers anddead standing trees.
Kfl
0 •
0
Map 44• Fuligo cinerea (Schw.) Morg. A rare species ofstraw heaps. Confined to the south of Britainand apparently decreasing.
0 ,m 100
m/LES
a..
100
8
••
0
0
0
Map 45. Fuligo muscorum Alb. & Schw. A species of wetterrestrial mossy habitats and western indistribution. In the east it is confined topermanently moist acid sites.
pt s 100
• • •oI.
• •
°: •
00
0
•
• •*0
• • •
2 •
0•
eve
.0• . rt,, •• c.8 ° 0 •
r. 0 0 0
•
•
Map 46. Fuligo septica (L.) Wiggers. A large, conspicuousand easily identified species on logs and stumpsin woodland.
MILES 100
cr..iz;(\
•
0
•
•
Nap 47. Hemitrichia minorG. List. (Perichaena minor(G. List.) Hagelst. in part). An uncommon speciesassociated with liverworts on the bark of livingtrees.
...Ks 90 100
••
. • .
. •
00 00
• •
00
Map 48. Lamproderma columbinum(Pers.) Rost. A constantmember of the ravine myxomycete association butalso found on damp, mossy stumps and confined tothis habitat in the south-east.
41
9 SM • MILES 100
Map 49. Lamproderma scintillans (Berk. & Br.) Morg. Acommon species characteristic of holly litterbut less common in the north and west.
MILES
•
•
•
•
•
. .020
411-
080
•
•
.8 8 •.080 0 0
2 0• 2§
00
Map 50. Leocarpus fragilis (Dicks.) Rost. Common on litterof all kinds, often fruiting on stems of livingplants.
v
n1LES
K, 100
a-.
100
K2'
Map 51. Lepidoderma chailletii Rost. An uncommon lowland
species confined to the southern half of England.
1 ,„7„ 1,0 500
0
••
•
•
0
0
0
0
nge
Map 52. Lepidoderma tigrinum(Schrad.) Rost. A character-istic ravine species also found on mossy wood.Moderately Atlantic in distribution.
0 „ 100• •
•L
erti
0
e.e
Map 53. Licea minima Fr. A widespread species on the barkof living trees; recorded more frequently in recentyears as a result of use of moist chambertechniques.
KM 0 MILES 1°0
Map 54. Licea operculata(Wing.) Martin. A rare speciesof exposed trunks of living trees, with an easterlybias. Specimens from western Britain have beenredetermined as L. scyphoides (Map 56).
O „ 100 • O.O 'OM MO
•
0 O.
Map 55. Licea parasitica (Zukal) Martin. A widespreadcorticolous species, found wherever moist chamberculture of bark is used.
EM
MILES
Nap 56. Licea scyphoidesBrookes & Keller. A recentlydescribed species, separated fromL. operculataby its mode of dehiscence and nature of itsstalk. This taxon appears to be Atlantic indistribution pattern.
•
0 1000 1_,J2L-_,
MIAS
•
a-.
. •
••:• 8°8°
• ..0
• • C •
. .
Map 57. Licea variabilis Schrad. Once regarded as uncommon,this species, which is more or less confined tosmall conifer sticks, is increasing with the spreadof forestry plantations.
3
•0
•
Map 58. Lycogala conicum Pers. A rare species of old forestin southern Britain.
•
•
100
0 0' RILES 100
.8
' • %*•0'0
• O
•
8
•
•• •
8•
a
0 • • 0.:**8% C
so
Map 59. Lycogala epidendrum(L.) Fr. Widespread, verycommon and conspicuous, this is an easilyidentified species on logs, especially in springand early summer.
KM '9' 100MILES
•
a .
•
•
St.
Map 60. Macbrideola cornea (G. List. & Cran) Alexop. Abark species, usually associated with bryophytesand lichens; Atlantic in distribution.
0 190
0 mus w'
3 0
•
8 7,*00%
00
0 0
0
08"
••. 2 0 •s8 o
o 880
eeertO o ..8.
o es•""
Map 61. Metatrichia vesparium (Batsch) Nann.-Brem. Acommon species in the tropics which thins outnorthwards and westwards in the British Isles.
0°
0 „ 100
MILES 'M
0
0 0
0
• •0 0
•c,0•
0 00
00. 0. .
00°8:0 0
8 :8 ° **0
00•'
••0
0° •
8. • . 0 00.
0 •
00•0 0 00i
00
Map 62. Mucilago crustacea Wiggers. Characteristic ofgrassland on chalk and limestone and rarely foundon lime-deficient soils. Large, conspicuous andeasily recognised.
M ILME S
Map 63. Paradiacheopsis fimbriata (G. List. & Gran) Hertel(uumue.i-i.unu j'artur7.cci.0 G. Lust. k,ran). a commonbark species which seems to be commoner in theeast. Known to be tolerant of atmosphericpollution and often associated withPleurococcus.
xm 100
MILES 100
•
•
. ••
Map 64. Paradiacheopsis solitaria (Nann.-Brem.) Nann.-Brem.(Comatricha solitariaNann.-Brem.). On bark, oftenwith mosses and lichens; commoner in the west andperhaps replacingP. fimbriatain ancient woodland.
•
0 10 0
macs
• 008
00
•o°,,, 8.8 !!'0 0. 0
<tee
•08 to 0 •• •to• 8 .8
•0 '00 •
•
•: f .
0 0 0.
0°8004.10::01
80 • 0.•. Of I •0 •
•••••• I rO.
Map 65. Perichaena corticalis (Batson) Rost. Especiallycharacteristic of mossy bark on fallen ash trunksbut common on fallen bark generally.
, 10,0
0 100MILES
a
0.
a 020 • •
« • • •
°. •
Map 66. Perichaena depressa Libert. A southern species,rare in Scotland; perhaps recorded less frequentlyin recent years.
•
•
0 11:MKetO 100MILES
7
CI)
•
• • •
• "
0
•
•• 0
Map 67. Physarum bivalve Pers. A common litter species inthe south and east, less so in the north and west.
mlLES 100
•
: 0 °
Map 68. Physarum citrinum Schum. A species with a northernbias, on terrestrial mosses in woodland.
•
•
Map 69. Physarum confertum Macbr. A rare species with a
markedly eastern bias,
100
Eli
0 0
Map 70. Physarum crateriformePetch. A rare species foundon bark of living trees in the north and west andon dune litter in the extreme east.
IN
M tES
a.•
8
0
Map 71. Physarum didermoides (Pers.) Rost. A typical memberof the straw heap association, now rarely recordedbut widespread in arable areas at the start of thecentury.
„ 100
0 MILES 100
Map 72. Physarum galbeumWing. A characteristic species ofbramble and rosebay clumps; a southern species, butnowhere common.
0 k„ 100
O nILES 100
• 8
a
•
• ° •
•
0 •
• 0'2 ' 1.20
89O ° •
• 8
4C?
Map 73. Physarum leucophaeum Fr. A common and widespreadspecies but probably not always distinguished fromP. nutans in the past.
i°,1)100
0
0
0
Map 74. Physarum lividumRost. (P. didermoides var. lividumA. List.). A rare species of straw heaps, confinedto the south of Britain and decreasing with itshabitat.
9 100 KM
MILES 100
0 8
0
Map 75. Physarum mutabile(Rost.) G. List. Straw heaps andgrass litter are thc habitats of this now rarespecies.
8 .00 •
0
. •
o • :8. o
00 2 •: :Q•
000.. 000 •• L., 0
• II% es%
: • 08.0•:•
• •• • •
t
Map 76. Physarum nutans Pers. A common and widespreadspecies on dead wood of all kinds.
000
•
•
0 100
100MILES
0
a
00
0
00
0
r 0
0
Map 77. Physarum psittacinum Ditm. A brilliantly coloured,uncommu".pccies uf mossy, rotten logs; commonerin the south of Britain but less so than formerly.
..1e/
„ 190
0 ILES i"
a
Map 78. Physarum pusillum (Berk. & Curt.) G. List. A wide-spread species found in three major habitats: strawheaps, reedswamps and dune grass litter.
•
0 100Km0 MIAS 100
a
Q
0
0
0
Map 79. Physarum straminipes A. List. Another straw heapspecies,
0,
" '9' 100m.rs
•
• • •
0
0 • t7). ! •
Map 80. Physarum virescens Ditm. (excluding vars. nitensG. List. andobscurumA. List.). Found mostlyon terrestrial mosses in woodland and character-istic of the western sessile oakwoods.
'suoT4squaTd aajTuoo uT05I011.0puR 0971ITIssmo,rjo ArrEcvnrotrEmA:T;u9avdd r. pus,
saToadsUOMMODy 'saadapTJTA miuveAtid 'Te
0 • .• •.
•
0 •0
0••
• 0
00
• .g • .
°- •
.• c*8
o 8 008 •
-080.0
• •
•••
0 0
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•
e74
••
•
0311W
001001. 0
., 0
•
•
MILES 100
•
•
•
• 0
0.
• .411
0
Map 82. Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) Macbr. A common specieson dead wood, especially well rotted logs.
•
•
0 100Km0 KIM 100
8
0
0°80
0
00
•000 - • • •
.• . 80
Map 83. Stemonitis flavogenita Jahn. Common, but lessoften recorded and confuscd with S. axifera.
As well as on wood, this species fruits onherbaceous stems.
9 7r, 90 a 100
••
•
I
•0
:•
•••r 800. • • o
Map 84. Stemonitis fusca Roth. An abundant species ofrotting logs and stumps.
••
•
0 100KM 0 100MILES
Map 85. Stemonitis splendens Rost. A rare species with a,,4-"hctly south-western bi a. in the British Isles.
MIL.
a
.• ° 00.
00:0
0•
0
0 • 0
80 •0 •
• • 0. 8 08
0 : •. • rp •4
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Map 86. Stemonitopsis typhina (Wiggers) Nann.—Brem.(Comatricha typhoides (Bull.) Rost.). Commonon very rotten, often soggy, logs.
0
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Map 87. Symphytocarpus flaccidus (A. List.) B. Ing &Mann.-Brem.(Stemonitis spiendensvar.flaceidaA. List.). Previously treated and recorded aspart of S. splendens.It occurs on exposedwood, especially of dead standing trunks ofpine and oak, and is often found on housetimbers.
9 KM 'Me
MILES
80
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• • • •• .0 0
80
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Map 88. Trichia affinis de Bary(T. fåvoginea(Batsch)Pers.). A common species on moss and very rottenwood. Previously confused withT. persimilisandother species and now united underT. fdvogineaby some authorities.
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Map 89. Trichia botrytis (Gmel.) Pers. A common and wide-spread species on dead wood or all kinds.
190
100MILES
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0 0° 80.8 o
0° 8
0 • •• •
00 • 08
0
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Map 90. Trichia contorta(Ditm.) Rost. A widespreadspecies on dead wood and sticks but probablyconfused with commoner species in the pastand therefore under-recorded.
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Map 91. Triehia decipiens (Pers.) Mac:hr. Very common ondead wood of all kinds.
• 0
Map 92. Trichia flavicoma (A. List.) B. Ing.(T. botrytisvar. flavicoma A. List.). On leaf litter, perhapscommoner in the south and east.
4.
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Map 93. Trichia floriformis (Schw.) G. List. On dead woodof all kinds. Fifty years ago this was regardedas a rarity - now it is one of the most abundantspecies, especially in secondary woodland.
1100
100MILES
0
0
0
° 0
Map 94. Trichia lutescens A. List. An uncommon speciesof rotten wood in damp places and the bark ofliving trees. Some of the older records mayrefer to T..contorta,with which it has beenconfused.
a Km 100
MILES 100
00
0
00
• 0
map 95. Trichia munda (A. List.) Meylan(T. hotrytis var.munda A. List.). An uncommon segregate fromT. botrytisand perhaps under-recorded. Micro-scopic examination is essential for its deter-mination.
9 Kr,, 100
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Map 96. Trichia persimilis Karst. (T. fdvoginea (Batsch)Pers.). Common on rotten logs that are still firm.See remarks underT. affinis (Map 88).
•
0 100
RILES
a .
•
0
Map 97. Trichia scabraRost. On rotten logs, especially ofelm. Commoner in the south of England than else-where in the British Isles.
9 KM 1900 MILES00
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Map 98. Trichia varia (Pers.) Pers. Abundant on dead wood,especially if rather damp.
4
4.
0 x„ 100
MILES 100
0
0
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Map 99. Trichia verrucosa Berk. A generally distributedspecies on well-rotted coniferous wood, butnowhere common. The single Irish record requiresconfirmation.
100
a MILES 100
0
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00 00• •
00
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Map 100. Tubifera ferruginosa (Batsch) Gmel. Very commonon rotten conifer and alder logs and stumps,conspicuous in summer.
11,
4
INDEX
The numbers given after each entry are the map numbers.Synonyms are in italics.
Amaurochaete atra 2 . Diachea leucopodia 26
Arcyria affinis 3 Diacheopsis insessa 27A. carnea 8 Dictydiaethalium plumbeum 28A. cinerea 4 Dictydium cancellatum 24A. denudata 5 Diderma chondrioderma 29A. ferruginea 6 D. floriforme 30A. gulielmae 8 D. lucidum 31A. incarnata 7 D. ochraceum 32A. incarnatavar.fiagens 3 D. testaceum 33A. minuta 8 Didymium anellus 34
A. nutans 9 D. difforme 35A. obvelata 9 D. laxifila 36A. oerstedtii 10 D. nigripes 37A. pomiformis 11 D. squamulosum 38Badhamia lilacina 12 D. trachysporum 39B. obovata 21 D. vaccinum 40B. rubiginosavar.globosa 20 Echinostelium minutum 41B. utricularis 13 Enerthenema papillatum 42B. versicolOr 14 Enteridium lycoperdon 43Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa 15 Fuligo cinerea 44Comatricha fimbriata 63 F. muscorum 45C. nigra 16 F. septica 46
i.C. pulchella 17 Hemitrichia minor 47C. solitaria 64 Lamproderma columbinum 48C.tenerrima 18 L. scintillans 49
tC. typhoides 86 Leocarpus fragilis 50Craterium minutum 19 Lepidoderma chailletii 51C. muscorum 20 L. tigrinum 52C. obovatum 21 Licea minima 53Cribraria argillacea 22 L. operculata 54C. aurantiaca 23 L. parasitica 55C.cancellata 24 L. scyphoides 56C. rufa 25 L. variabilis 57
Lycogala conicum 58 Physarum virescens 80
L. epidendrum 59- P. viride 81
Macbrideola cornea 60 Reticularia Zycoperdon 43
Metatrichia vesparium 61 Stemonitis axifera 82
Mucilago crustacea 62 S. flavogenita 83
Paradiacheopsis fimbriata 63 S. fusca 84
P. solitaria 64 S.splendens 85
Perichaena corticalis 65 S. splendensvar.flaccida 87
P. depressa 66 Stemonitopsis typhina 86
Physarum bivalve 67 Symphytocarpus flaccidus 87
P. citrinum 68 Trichia affinis 88
P. confertum 69 T. botrytis 89
P. crateriforme 70 T. botrytisvar.flavicorna 92
P. didermoides 71 T. botrytisvar.munda 95
P. didermoidesvar.lividum 74 T. contorta 90
P. galbeum 72 T. decipiens 91
P. leucophaeum 73 T. fåvoginea 88,96
P. lividum 74 T. flavicoma 92
P. mutabile 75 T. floriformis 93
P. nutans 76 T. lutescens 94
P. psittacinum 77 T. munda 95
P. pusillum 78 T. persimilis 96
P. staminipes 79 T. scabra 97T. varia 98
T. verrucosa 99Tubifera ferruginosa 100
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