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Pharmacology for Nursing ATI Quiz
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treat HTN by blocking conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II
ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL)
treat HTN by blocking the binding of
angiotensin II to receptors in tissues
ARBS (loSARTAN)
-lisinoPRIL ACE inhibitors
-loSARTAN ARBS
what to monitor when taking ACE
(lisinoPRIL) /ARBS ( loSARTAN)
monitor K+ levels, blood pressure and
angiodema (give epi subQ)
stop diuretics 24-48 hrs before starting ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL)
ACE (lisinoPRIL) may cause: persistent non productive cough
side effects include: angiodema (administer
epi subQ) and hypotension - should not be
used in the 2nd/3rd trimester of pregnancy
ACE inhib(lisinoPRIL) / ARBs
(loSARTAN)
ARB that should be taken 1 hour before meals captoPRIL
slows movement of calcium into smooth
muscle cells causing arterial dilation and
decreased BP
calcium channel blockers (CCBs)
amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem CCBs
used to treat angina and HTN CCBs: amloDIPINE, verapamil,
cardizem
may be used to treat afib, aflutter or SVT verapamil and diltazem
precautions/interactions in CCBs: amloDIPINE,
verapamil, cardizem
pts taking digoxin and beta-blockers;
heart failure, heart block or
bradycardia; do not consume
grapefruit juice
side effects/ advrse effects of CCBs
(amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem)
constipation, reflex tachycardia,
peripheral edema, and toxicity
inject IV CCBs (amloDIPINE, verapamil,
cardizem) over ____ to ____ min
2 - 3
how to D/C CCBs (amloDIPINE, verapamil,
cardizem)
slowly taper
what to monitor in pts taking CCBs
(amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem)
heart rate and BP
another name for alpha adrenergic blockers
(praZOSIN)
sympatholitics (praZOSIN)
decreases BP by inhibting alpha-1 adrenergic
receptors causing arterial and venous dilation
sympatholitics (praZOSIN)
may be used in the treatment of BPH doxaZOSIN
what drugs may decrease the effect of
praZOSIN
NSAIDs
side effects of sympatholitics (praZOSIN) dizziness, fainting, hypotension
what time should sympatholitics (praZOSIN)
be taken and why?
at bedtime to minimize effects of
hypotension
decrease peripheral vascular resistance by
stimulating alpha adrenergic receptors
alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,
aldomet)
antiHTN drugs that may be used in severe
cancer pain
alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,
aldomet)
when are alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,
aldomet) contraindicated
in pts taking anticoagulants/MAOIs ,
pts with hepatic failure/CVA, MI,
diabetes, drepssion or chronic renal
failure
do not administer ________ through IV line with
barbituates or sulfonamides
alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,
aldomet)
lactating mothers should not use these
antihypertensives
alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,
aldomet)
dry mouth, drowsiness/sedation, rebound
HTN, black/sore tongue, leukopenia
side effects of alpha-2 agonists
(catapres, tenex, aldomet)
pts should notify the physician of this when
taking alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,
aldomet)
involuntary jerky movement,
prolonged dizziness, rash, yellowing of
the skin
decrease: cardiac excitability, cardiac output,
and myocardial oxygen demand; lower BP by
decrease release of renin in the kidney
beta-blockers (metoprOLOL)
beta-blockers (metoprOLOL) are
contraindicated in pts with
AV block, or chronic respiratory
diseases
_______ (beta-blocker) may maks signs of
hypoglycemia in diabetics
propanOLOL
do not administer labetOLOL in the same line
with ?
furosemide
side effects of beta-blockers (metoprOLOL) bradycardia, nasal stuffiness, AV
block, bronchospasm
hold beta-blockers (metoprOLOL) when SBP <
____ or HR < _____
SBP <100 / HR < 50
nitro, nicardIPINE, vasotec IV, esmolol are? vasodilators
used in HTN emergencies b/c they directly
dilate arteries and veins resulting in
decreased preload and afterload
vasodilators (nitro, nicardIPINE,
vasotec IV, esmolol)
vasodilators (nitro, nicardIPINE, vasotec IV, hepatic/renal disease, old age,
esmolol) should not be used in pts with? electrolyte imbalances
side effects of vasodilators (nitro, nicardIPINE,
vasotec IV, esmolol)
dizziness, HA, profound hypotension,
cyanide toxicity,
nitroprusside may not be mixed with ___ any other meds
cardiac glycosides digoxin
increases the force in velocity of heart
contractions to improve stroke volume (70mL)
and cardiac output and slow conduction rate
digoxin
used to treat heart failure and afib digoxin
_________ meds increase risk of hypokalemia
and precipitate digoxin toxicity
thiazide/ loop diuretics, ARBs
(loSARTAN) /ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL)
signs of digoxin toxicity • Early signs of toxicity: GI upset:
Anorexia, N/V/D,
• Late signs of toxicity: HA, visual
disturbances, HR abnormalities
normal serum digoxin level 0.8 - 2
administer ____ for digoxin overdose digibind
in digoxin toxicity what should dysryhthmias
be treated with when digoxin is stopped
dilantin
slows conduction time through the AV node,
interrupts AV node pathways to restore NSR
adenosine
prolongs repolarization, relaxes smooth
muscles, decreases vascular resistance
amiodorone
increases firing of the SA node and
conduction through the AV node- opposes
atropine
action of the vagus nerve
convert supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) to
NSR
adenosine
treat V-Fib, unstable ventrivular tachycardia amiodarone
treat asystole, bradycardia atropine
anti-hyperlipidemia meds statins
____ may cause prolonged bleeding in pts take
coumadin
statins
do not administer statins with _____? grapefruit juice
inhibits the absorption of cholesterol zetia
when should zetia be taken 1 hours before or 4 hours after statins
short-acting inhaler for acute bronchospasm albuterol
long acting inhaler for for long-term control of
asthma
foradil, serevent
oral, long acting beta-2 adrenergic agonists
(bronchodilator) used for long-term control of
asthma
terbutaline
______ meds that will increases the effect of
bronchodilators
MAOIs
causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
causing bronchodilation used for long term
control of asthma
theoPHYLLINE
______ and ______ decrease theoPHYLLIN levels phenobarbitol and phenytoin
therapeutic level of theoPHYLLINE 10-20 mcg/mL
treatments of theoPHYLLINE toxicity activated charcoal to decrease
absorption, lidocaine for dysrhythmias
and diazepam for seizures
inhaled anticholinergics causing
bronchodilation
ipratrOPIUM
ipratrOPIUM is contraindicated in pts with a
______ allergy
peanut
use ipratrOPIUM with extreme caution in
patients with ______ and ______
acute angle glaucome and BPH
side effects of ipratrOPIUM dry mouth/eyes and urinary retention
do not take glucocorticoids with _______ NSAIDs
prevents effects of leukotrienes causing
decreased: inflammation, bronchoconstriction,
airway edema, and mucus production
singulair, zyflo
________ will decrease the circulating effects of
singular
phenobarbital
side effects of singulair and zyflo elevated LFTs, warfarin and
theophylline toxicity
slows carb absorption and digestion,
contraindicated in pts with intestinal disease
Precose, Glyset
reduces gluconeogeneis, increases glucose
uptake by muscles
metformin
promotes release of insulin, lowers glucagon
secretions and slows gastric emptying
Januvia
Januvia dose should be reduced in patients impaired renal function
with
diabetes med that should be withheld for 48
hrs prior to and after contrast
metformin
metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe infection, shock, hypoxic
conditions
reduces production of glucose and should not
be used with NPH
prandin, starlix
promotes release of insulin from the pancreas glipizide, glyburide
these diabetes meds cause high risk for
hypoglycemia in pts with renal, hepatic or
adrenal disorders
glipizide, glyburide
oral medications that decreases insulin
resistance
Avandia, Actos
oral diabetes medications that have a high
risk for CHF due to fluid retention
Avandia, Actos
onset of humalog less than 15 min
peak of humalog 30-60 min
duration of humalog 3-4 hours
onsent of regular insulin 30-60 min
peak of regular insulin 2-3 hours
duration of regular insulin 5-7 hours
onset of NPH 1-2 hours
peak of NPH 4-12 hours
duration of NPH 18-24 hours
onset of lantus 1 hour
peak of lantus none
duration of lantus 10-24 hours
Drawing-up regular and NPH insulin N-R-R-N
1. Inject air into NPH
2. Inject air into regular
3. Draw up regular insulin
4. Draw up NPH
when should lantus be administered at bedtime
do not mix other insulins with humalog, lantus or combination
insulins
the only insulin given IV regular
glycemic agent that breaksdown glycogen
into glucose in the liver
glucagon
glucagon should not be mixed with _____ and
____ solutions
sodium or dextrose
stimulates the metabolism of all body
systems acclerating the rate of cellular
oxygenation
synthroid
side effects of synthroid/ signs of
hyperthyroidism
tachycardia, restlessness, diarrhea, wt
loss, decrease bone density, heat
intolerance, insomnia
inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormone Tapazole
increases production of insulin-like growth
factor
somatOTROPIN
avoid use of _____ when taking somatOTROPIN gluccocorticoids
somatOTROPIN is administered subQ
promotes reabsorption of water with the
kidneys; vasocontriction of vascular smooth
muscle
desmoPRESSIN
desmoPRESSIN is used to Tx diabetes insipidus, cardiac arrest and
nocturnal enuresis
side effects of desmoPRESSIN hyponatremia, seizures and coma
blood product used to replace volume whole blood (2-4 hr)
blood product used to Tx severe anemia,
hemolytic anemia, erythroblastosis
packed RBCs (2-4 hr)
blood product to Tx active bleeding, aplastic
anemia, and bone marrow supporession
platelets (15-30 min)
blood product used to Tx hemorrhage, burns,
shock, TTP, and reverse effects of warfain
FFP
stimulates RBC production Procrit
stimulates WBC production may cause bone
pain or leukocytosis
Neupogen, Neulasta
stimulates platelet production Neumega
hold digoxin if an infants pulse is less than 90
hold digoxin if a child's pulse is less than 70
when to delay Hep B vax allergy to baker's yeast, liver disease
when to delay DTaP vax 30 days after immunosuppression
when to delay Hib vax if child is ill
delay all vax if temp > ? 101.0F
when to delay MMR vax allergy to eggs, neomycin, gelatin -
pregancy
when to delay Varicella Vax allergy to neomycin, gelatin
when to delay pneumococcal vax sensitivity to diptheria
when to delay meningococcal (MCV) vax pregnancy
In bacterial meningitis _______ & ______ are
elevated and _________ is decreased
WBC/protein = elevated
glucose = decreased
abx class used to Tx sepsis, meningitis,
pneumonia
aminoglycosides (amakin,
vancoMYCIN)
this class of abx are ototoxic, nephrotoxic,
BUN/creat should be monitored
aminoglycosides (amakin,
vancoMYCIN)
therapeutic level of vancoMYCIN 20-40mcg/dL
abx class used to treat URIs, skin and UTI, cephalosporins (cephalexin, CEFaclor)
this class of abx have a cross sensitivity with
PCN and you should monitor for C.diff
cephalosporins (cephalexin, CEFaclor)
use caution in patients with hepatic, renal or
seizure disorder with these abx
fluroquinolones (ciproFLOXACIN)
used for clients with a PCN allergy and
administer with meals
z-pak, e-mycin, biaxin
a broad spectrum abx contraindicated in pts
with renal dysfunction used to Tx UTI
macrodantin
warn pts taking macrodantin that? ..... urine will turn brown
when taking Bactrim and Septra? consume at least 3L of water, use
back-up contraceptives, avoid sun
exposure
when taking tetraCYCLINEs consume at least 3L of water, use
back-up contraceptives, avoid sun
exposure
do not give ______ to children less than 8 due
to permanent teeth discoloration
tetraCYCLINEs
________ causes gingivitis, gingival hyperplasia Dilantin
what Vax are needed by age 6 DTap, IPV, MMR, Varicella,
monitor hepatic/renal function, refrigerate
suspensions, increased risk 4 bleeding in pts
taking anticoagulants
Diflucan
monitor for drug induced retinopathy in pts
taking
plaquenil, quinine
used for prevention and Tx of TB INH, rifampin
precations when taking _______ include:
risk of neuropathies/hepatotoxicity
consume B6
avoid alcholol
INH
avoid eating _____ and taking ______ when on
INH
tyramine / dilantin
________ will cause discoloration of urine,
saliva, sweat and tears
rifampin
administer this antiretroviral on an empty
stomach
AZT, retrovir
administer these antiretrovirals with food acyclovir
when taking any antiretroviral
1.?
2.?
increase fluid intake
begin therapy with first onset of
symptoms
osteoporosis meds (boniva, zometa)
absorption is decreased when taken with......
calcium, OJ, antacids, caffeine
osteoporosis meds (boniva, zometa) should
be administered
in the AM on an empty stomach
this med used to Tx rheumatoid arthritis is
contraindicated in pregnancy, renal/liver
failure, psoriasis, blood disorders
DMARDs
this med (DMARD) used to Tx rheumatoid
arthritis may cause increased risk for
infection, bone marrow suppression, GI
ulceration
methotrexate
plaquenil may cause retinal damage (blindness)
gout med that inhibits urac acid production
used to treat ACUTE gout
allopurinol
gout med that inhibits processes to prevent
leukocytes from invading joints used to treat
CHRONIC gout
colchine
gout meds are contraindicated in pts with???? renal, cardiac and GI dysfunction
avoid _____ when taking meds for gout ASA
name 4 antianxiety meds loraZEPAM, xanax, librium, BuSpar
do not give ______ and ______ to pts with
substance abuse and liver disease
Valium and BuSpar
_______ is contraindicated fo clients taking
MAOIs
BuSpar
which antianxiety med will not cause
withdrawal Sx
BuSpar
treat overdose of antianxiety meds with
______
Romazicon
what antidepressants are contraindicated for
clients with seizure disorder
tricyclics (Elavil, ToFRANIL, doxepin)
do not administer ______ with MAOIs or
St.Johns wort
tricyclics (Elavil, ToFRANIL, doxepin)
monitor for anticholinergic effects, sedation,
toxicity and decreased seizure threshold in pts
taking
tricyclics (Elavil, ToFRANIL, doxepin)
the following are Sx of ________
agitation, confusion, hallucinations and should
be monitored for the first ____ hr when taking
______
serotonin syndrome, 72 hours, SSRIs
(paroXETINE, lexapro, luvox, zoloft)
side effects of SSRIs (paroXETINE, lexapro,
luvox, zoloft) include
weight gain
sexual dysfunction
fatigue
drowsiness
MAOis include marplan, Parnate
do not take MAOIs when taking _______ antihypertensives
______ are contraindicated in pts taking SSRIs,
tricyclics, and who have heart failure, CVA,
renal insufficiency
MAOIs
side effects of MAOIs include CNS stimulation, orthostatic
hypotension
instruct client to take _______ antidepressants
in the AM
SSRIs (paroXETINE, lexapro, luvox,
zoloft)
______ and _____ will increase lithium levels NSAIDs and ASA
monitor serum _____ levels when taking
lithium
sodium
therapeutic level of lithium 0.4 - 1mEq/L
therapeutic effects of lithium begin in ___ to
___ days
7 to 14
what is the lithium toxicity level?
Sx: GI distress, mental confusion, poor
coordination, coarse tremors
1.5 to 2: moderate to advanced
what is the lithium toxicity level?
Sx: ataxia, confusion, increased dilute urine
output, blurred vision, clonic movements,
seizures, stupor, severe hypotension, and
coma, pulmonary complications may lead to
death - use _______ to increase rate of
excretion
> 2: severe - mannitol
acute dyskinesias and dystonic reactions,
tardive dyskinesia, Parkinsonism, akinesia,
akathisia, and neuroleptic malignant
syndrome are???
extrapyramidal effects of conventional
(haldol, thorazine, nacene)
antipsychotics
a disorder resulting in involuntary, repetitive
body movements
tardive dyskinesia
Common symptoms include:
•Decrease in facial expressions
•Difficulty starting and controlling movement
•Loss or weakness of movement (paralysis)
•Soft voice
•Stiffness of the trunk, arms, or legs
•Tremor
Parkinsonism
absence, poverty, or loss of control of
voluntary muscle movements
akinesia
a disorder in which there is an urge or need to
move the legs to stop unpleasant sensations
akathisia
Symptoms include high fever, sweating,
unstable blood pressure, stupor, muscular
rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction.
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Symptoms occur within minutes to hours of
taking (paroXETINE, lexapro, luvox, zoloft),
and may include:
• Agitation or restlessness
• Diarrhea
• Fast heart beat
• Hallucinations
• Increased body temperature
• Loss of coordination
• Nausea
• Overactive reflexes
• Rapid changes in blood pressure
• Vomiting
serotonin syndrome
used to maintain sobriety in Tx of alcoholism antabuse
do not give antabuse within ____ days of 14 days
drinking alcohol
medications used to treat mysasthenia gravis Prostgmin, Mytelase, Tensilon
do not administer myasthenia gravis meds if
systolic BP is below
90
B6 decreases the effects of this parkinson's
med
levodopa
_______ causes increased excretion of digoxin,
warfarin, and OCP
Dilantin
therapeutic range for Dilantin 10-20
do not take Timoptic when using CCBs and beta-blockers
______ opiod is contraindicated after biliary
tract surgery
morphine
_______ opiod is contraindicated in clients with
renal failure
Demerol
therapeutic level of magnesium sulfate 4-8
act on uterine muscle to stop contractions tocolytics (brethine, procardia, mag
sulfate)
signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity Depressed DTR (deep tendon reflex)
- Respiratory depression
- Coma
- Cardiac arrest
- Death.
if you suspect mag toxicity ? administer Calcium Gluconate.
Decreased ammonia level = improvement in pts with hepatic
encephalopathy
Muscle spasms indicate hypo or
hypercalcaemia
hypocalcaemia
Sx of hypo or hyper calcemia
Lethargy, weakness, fatigue, confusion, wt
loss, bone pain, cardiac dysrhythmias and
kidney stone
hypercalcemia
________will be elevated in bone or liver
disease and is also raised by alcohol and
hepatotoxic drugs
GGT
A flatted T wave is indicated of ? hypokalemia
aminoglycosides (gentaMYCIN, vancoMYCIN)
are administered IV over ________ (time)
1 hour
a vasopressor used in the Tx of shock and
heart failure.
increases cardiac output by increasing
myocardial contractility
*also dilates renal blood vessels, which
increase renal profusion leading to increased
urine output
dopamine
therapeutic effect of dopamine increased urine output due to dilated
renal blood vessles and increased
renal perfusion
side effects of dopamine increased pulse
HTN
dysrhythmias
used to correct hypotension that is
unresponsive to adequate fluid volume
replacement or occurs as part of shock
syndrome caused by bacteremia, chronic
cardiac decompensation, drug overdose, MI,
open-heart surgery, renal failure, trauma, or
vasopressors (dopamine)
other major systemic illnesses; to improve low
cardiac output
Where is Penicillin G administered? PCN G is very irritating and should be
injected into a large muscle (ventral
gluteal / vastus lateralis) using a 22-
25G 1 -1 1/2" needle and should be
administered deep
why is Mag sulfate is administered to pre-
eclampsia pts?
to prevent seizures
the best evidence of therapeutic response to
Plavix is
absence of angina, neck/jaw pain and
absence of difficulty swallowing
pts with an allergy to PCNs may also have an
allergy to this abx class
CEPH/Falosporins
NSAIDs _______ diuretic effects reduce
toxic levels of ________ can cause
diplopia/double vision, HA, and vertigo. Serum
sodium levels can be impacted and urine
output decreased
Medication used for alcohol withdraw are Librium
Elavil, is a antidepressant, the side effects are Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness,
get up & move slowly, Monitor BP, &
heart rate before, and 1 hour after
administering, if decrease in heart
rate, hold meds & notify Doctor.
Elavil, Therapy Relief can take 1 to 3 weeks, and
possibly 2 to 3 months for full benefit.
Elavil, also effects Urinary retention, dry mouth, blurred
vision, photophobia, constipation,
tachycardia
Propranolol, as Inderal, is a Beta Blocker Do not stop aburtly, client should
monitor heart, and Blood Pressure
daily, Treats, hyperthyroidism,
migraine, and glaucoma
Propranolol, Inderal Side Effect Bradycardia, pulse rate below 60, hold
medication & call Doctor, Diabetics
can mask tachycardia, monitor
glucose to detect hypoglycemia,
Decreased cardiac output signs, are
shortness of breath, edema, fatigue,
Orthostatic hypotension, faintness,
Avoid in client with asthma
Lisinopril, as Prinivil is a Ace Inhibitor
for Blood Pressure
Treats, Hypotension, heart failure,
myocardial infraction, it decreases the
left ventricular dysfunction
Lisinopril, side effects are Causes a Dry cough, stop meds.,
notify Doctor,
hyperkalemia, monitor potassium,
expected range 3.5 to 5, Rash &
dysgeusia, as altered taste,
Angioedema is a swollen tongue, and
oral pharynx, side effects are treated
with injection of Epinephrine
Dystonia Spasm Sustained, involuntary muscle
contractions
Dantrium, is a Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Treats Malignant hyperthermia,
stiffness, and spasms, can occur
during surgery with certain types of
anesthesia.
Cephalosporin, is a Broad spetrum bacterial
med.
Treats Urinary tract infection, post
operative infection, & pelvic infection
Iron supplement Need to take with Vitimin C, olike
orange juixce, to increase absorption,
Avoid milk, & calcium, it interferes
with absorption, use a straw it can
stain teeth, May cause black stools
and constipation
Nitropress is used to treat congestive heart
failure, and life threatening high blood
pressure, as hypertension.
Myasthenia Gravis, Treatment Drugs It effects the muscles of the eyes,
face, mouth, throat, neck. We may see
facial drooping, drugs used are
Neostigmine, as prostigmine
Dilantin, adverse effects are Hyperplasia, as bleeding Gums, Rash.,
and
Dilantin Side Effect, is Hair loss
Dilantin, Drug interaction with Oral contraceptives, Coumadin, and
Gluccocorticords.,
Dilantin are used to control Seizures
Timolol Is a beta blocker, that is used for
treatment of glaucoma,
as IOP of the eyes
Probenecid, interacts with Anti gout medications, it
prevents re absorption of uric acid
Gout, it also inhibits the secretion of
penicillin
Pinicillin Interacts with Aspirin, and Aminoglycosides, when
mixed in the same I V solution
Coumadin known as warfarin INR: 2-3, a anticoagulant, prevention
of blood clots.
Meds that interact, with coumadin are
Heparin, Dilantin, & Acetaminophen as
tylenol, and Aspirin
Heparin, Therapuetic Range 60 to 80, inhibits the clotting process.,
platelet under 10,000, stop medication
Heparin, I V Drip Lab. Value Monitor aPTT 1.5 to 2., administer
slowly, no more than 20mg per
minute, and 50mg per 10 minute.,
Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside Value are 1.5 to 2.0, Monitor
potassium levels,
The drug Lasix, interacts with digoxin,
and increases toxicity
Digoxin, Side Effects are Anorexia, tachycardia, bradycardia,
and heart block
Tamoxifen, A Cancer drug, a Oral Medication Estrogen Receptor Blocker, Stops
growth of Breast Cancer, Side Effect
are, Endometrial Cancer, abnormal
bleeding., Hyprecalcemia, montior
calcium levels., Pulmonary Embolus,
shortness of breath, and chest pain.
Fentanyl, is a Narcotic Analgesic It is more potent than morphine, you
need a written prescription form
Physician
Theophylline, Drug A bronchodilator to treat asthma,
bronchitis, emphysema, which
Interacts with caffeine
Cromolym Sodium, as Intal Inhaler Is a anti inflammatory, a Long acting
control of asthma,
Wait 15 minute after use for activity,
or exposure to allergen
Albuterol, is used for exercise induced Asthma Use the Albuterol inhaler first; then
wait about 5 minutes before using the
steroid inhaler., This allows the
Albuterol to open up your airways, so
the steroid can work better.
Antihestimine, as Benadryl Causes sleepiness
PTU, Interacts with Digoxin, May increase glucoside levels
PTU, side effects Hypothyroidism, Weight gain,
Bradycardia, Anorexia, cold
intolerance, hepatic toxicity.,
agranulocytosis is RARE, but cause
sore throat, & fever
Lopid Fibrates, for Cholesterol Test Monitor Baseline Liver function, &
Renal function test
Biphosphonates Boniva, adds calcium to bones for
osteoporosis, Take on empty
stomach., sit upright for 30 minutes
after taking., No food, or calcium
supplements within an hour of taking
medication., Not for patient with
hypocalemia, it can causes cardiac
arrest
Methotrexate, a Rheumatoid Arthiritis Med,
interact with
NSAID, & Sulfonamides, may cause
Toxicity, monitor levels
Rheumatoid Arthiritis, Findings to Report Patient should be tested for
tuberculosis first, and any active
infection, or flu
Rheumatoid Arthiritis Med. Adverse Effects Are at risk for infection, fever, sore
throat, fetal death, hepatic fibrosis,
and should monitor liver function
Ergostat, Medication Treats migraines
Ergostat, Side Effect are Fetal abortion, GI discomfort, nausea,
vomiting.,
Ergotism, are muscle pain.,
Paresthesias, cold fingers & toes
Byetta, is a Diabetes Mellitus,
They are prefilled injection pen
Which can cause Pancreatitis, and
severe abdominal pain, stop
medication, and notify doctor., It also
causes G I effects., Byetta needs
injected 1 hour prior to meals, NEVER
INJECT AFTER MEAL, store in
refridgarator
Antivirals, medications treat HIV, herpes, Hepatitis B, C, Influenza A
& B,
Slows down viral load, and allows the
T cells levels to stay normal., Alpha
interferons inhibit spread of viruses to
new cells
Rifampin A treatment given to TB patients, it is
taken in conjunction with the other
first line medication, This can cause
ORANGE COLORED URINE, and
permenant discoloration of soft
contact lenses.
Potassium Infusion Give no faster than 10mEq per hour
and, value level 3.5 to 5.0
If there is a medication error Check patients vital signs first
Chemo Drugs, contraindication are Liver, kidney, women pregnant, and
patient that with immunosuppression
Garamycim, is a Antibiotic Protien synthesis Side Effect, hearing loss., Interacts
with milk, calcium, anatcids, and iron
supplements., take 1 hour before
meals on a empty stomach
Levodopa, a Anti Parkinson's drug It is converted into dopamine in the
brain, which increases intraocular
pressure, and is contraindicated in
closed angle glaucoma
Neurologic Drugs, as Dilantin known as
Phenytoin, interacts with
MAOIs, Coumadin, Oral
contraceptives, CNS depressants, and
grapefruit juice
Blood Pressure Meds, as Demerol, Morphine,
& Fentanyl, adverse effects
Are Respiratory depression, and
hypotension
Caution of Older patients Medications effect older patients liver,
renal, G I, blood
Heparin, Adverse Effects Bruising, petichiae, bleeding, and
Thrombocytopenia, low platelet
Heparin, injections are Given subcutaneous, 2 inches from
the umbilicus, apply pressure for 1 to
2 minutes after injection, Heparin is a
anti clotting substance formed by
tissue cells, especially the liver; a
antiprothrombin
Benadryl, is a Antihistamine H 1 Receptor Side Effects are Sleepiness, and dry
mouth
Bacteria Cell Wall Medications Are injected I M in the buttlock muscle
area, caution with injecting arteries
B12 Deficiency, Signs Are Neuropathy, beefy tongue,
Patients need to adhere to Lab tests,
and blood count levels
B12 Deficiency, Treatment Cyanocobalamin as cobalamin
injection,
Teach patient to eat green leafy
vegetables
B12 Deficiency, causes Hypokalemia, monitor potassium
levels, also pernicious anemia, gastric
bypass, acid suppression, Crohn's,
tapeworm, and ileum resection
Antilipemic, as Lipitor, and, Zocar Need to take half hour before meals.,
monitor ck levels.,
side effects, are muscle ache, pain in
hands and feet, numbness., avoid
grapefruit juice
Probenecid Treats Chronic Gout, a drug that
reduces the level of uric acid in the
blood
Probenecid, interacts with Aspirin
Malignant Hyperthermia A a hereditary condition of
uncontrolled heat production,
occurring when susceptible persons
receive certain anesthetic drugs.
Malignant Hyperthermia, is treated with Dantrium
antiphychotic drugs, as Haldol, Thorazine,
Side effects
Are Dystonia, spasm, neck spasm
Chemo Drugs, Adverse Effects Are Hair loss, nausea, vomiting,
diarrehea, and low white blood cells
Diuretics, as Lasix, & Osmitrol, Side Effects Are Dehydration, and Hypokalemia,
causes low potassium, monitor
potassium, if below 3.1 notify doctor
Calcium channel Blockers, as Verapamil, Are edema, hypotension, do not drink
side Effects grapefruit juice
Osmostic Diuretics, as Osmitrol treats Reduces the intracranial pressure of
the eye
Vitamin K is a antidote for Patient, on coumadin, and experience
bleeding
Alzheimers taking Donepezil Side Effect Is dyspnea, causes
bronchconstriction., Nurse should
notify doctor
Librium Medication Prevents delirium tremors
Ketrorolac & Toradol Side Effects Increase risk of bleeding., check for
briusing., Take with food
Betapace Medication Is used to decrease heart rate
Imdur Should be given, if patients blood
pressure is less than 90
Narcan Is taking to prevent hypotension., To
wake up patient
Pilocar Is used to treat glaucoma, the rest of
the patients life