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Astro / Geo / Eco - Sciences Illustrative examples of success stories: Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data, 1M+ users and nearly 1B queries. Sunfall: visual analytics tool for astrophysics. ACE: argumentation/abduction system to support paleolandform dating Prometheus: system for ecological modeling. eBirds: crowdsourcing project for species distribution and migration modeling ALERTS: Automated Land change Evaluation, Reporting and Tracking System

Astro / Geo / Eco - Sciences Illustrative examples of success stories: Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data, 1M+ users and nearly 1B

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Page 1: Astro / Geo / Eco - Sciences Illustrative examples of success stories: Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data, 1M+ users and nearly 1B

Astro / Geo / Eco - SciencesIllustrative examples of success stories:

Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data,1M+ users and nearly 1B queries.

Sunfall: visual analytics tool for astrophysics.

ACE: argumentation/abduction system to support paleolandform dating

Prometheus: system for ecological modeling.

eBirds: crowdsourcing project for species distribution and migration modeling

ALERTS: Automated Land change Evaluation, Reporting and Tracking System

Page 2: Astro / Geo / Eco - Sciences Illustrative examples of success stories: Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data, 1M+ users and nearly 1B

AstronomyLarge Synoptic Sky Telescope (LSST) starts operation in 2018, will collect ~100PB of data within a decade

Challenges10’s of TB of data, 70K anomalies per nightTracking and classifying objects and events (possibly

unknown)

OpportunitiesGo beyond detection, to discovery of general

theories/conceptsReal-time alerting of discoveriesHybrid (human and automated) control of instrumentsCoordination of crowd-sourced science

Page 3: Astro / Geo / Eco - Sciences Illustrative examples of success stories: Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data, 1M+ users and nearly 1B

Forensic PaleoclimatologyNOAA Paleoclimatology Archive contains 7K cores up to 3km long, with 13 proxies measured at millimeter intervals

Challenges Determine what happened to a set of unobserved variables over

the course of time under the influence of (potentially unknown) processes

Reconstruct and align the temporal history of material in core data of different types (glaciers, ocean sediments, trees) at different spatial and temporal scales

Handle multiple competing hypotheses, model and data uncertainty

Opportunities Improve reconstruction of past history of the climate Deduce causality and patterns in the global climate system Make better predictions about future climate Evaluating potential interventions

Page 4: Astro / Geo / Eco - Sciences Illustrative examples of success stories: Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data, 1M+ users and nearly 1B

Earth SciencesClimate Model Intercomparison Project version 5 (CMIP5) expected to reach 2-3PB by 2013, satellites collect observations at high spatial and temporal resolutions

Challenges Automatically identify (potentially constrained, generalized)

patterns, causal relationships from large spatio-temporal datasets Simulations and observations – assimilation of data and models Provide interactive, highly responsive visualizations

Opportunities Generate hypotheses for the underlying physical mechanisms Improve prediction and forecasting across temporal scales

Early warning for transient events (e.g., hurricanes, tsunamis)

Page 5: Astro / Geo / Eco - Sciences Illustrative examples of success stories: Sloan digital sky survey: data portal for astronomy data, 1M+ users and nearly 1B

Cross-Cutting ThemesDoes “big science” have limits? Do have to go back to

smaller groups but armed with better tools?

“Anomaly detection” – requires powerful representation of current knowledge combined with social dimension to evaluate science, tools for replication, sharing, collaboration

Integration of data, models, and a priori knowledge

“Active Learning” for experiment / data selection, automated planning & control

Representation of scientific arguments, consensus & controversy

Understand communication among scientists, build tools to facilitate both collaboration and analysis tasks