4ffi Designation: D1654-08

TNTERNAIIONAL

1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers the treatment of previouslypainted or coated specimens for accelerated and atmospheric

e*pos,rre tests and their subsequent evaluation in respect tocorrosion, blistering associated with corrosion, loss ofadhesionat a scribe mark, or other fllm failure.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the

standard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the

safeD concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the

responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter'mine the applicability of regttLatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:2B1l7 Fractice li>r Operatiltg Salt Spr"ry (Fog) ApparitxtlsD6 l0 Pr*ctice lirr [::]valu;'iling l]egrtt o1'I{tts1.ing r:n Paint*d

Stecl $urf)tc*sD714.'l'!st Mr:thotl tirr Llvalu;rtirtlt Dcrgt'cc of Hlistering r:f

PaintsD822 llrar:tice tirr I'ii itereij {-ipcn-Flane {iarbr:rr-Arc i::ixpo-

sures o{' Paint anrtr lirlared Coat.ings

D870 Pr*clicc ii;r 'Icst.ing Wirt*r }desistartce n{' Cua[illgsLIsirr$ !\'ater lnttttersiott

Dl0l4 llr';rctice h:r" Conducting Lixt*l'itx' Exposlrr-e'lisfs o{'

?aints auri Ct:aiirrgs on Mct:tl .Substr"ales

D1735 Fractice ltrr 'lesting Wal*l' I{esislance of Coutinp,s

Using Wati:r lrog A;:paratus

lThis test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee Dtl on Paint

and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee l)01.)5 on Evaluation of Weathering Effects.

Current edition approved Nov. l, 2008. Published December 20p8. Ot'iginallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1654-05. DOI:l 0.1520/D1654-08.

2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm:org. For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information, refer to the standard's Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.

Standard'lr Method forEvaluat nted or Goated Specimens Subiected toCorros nmentsl

This standard is issued un,ler tte fi*ed designation D1654i the nu[rber immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, ihe year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval' A

superscript ipsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This stando.rd has been approved for use lry agencies of the Depanment of Defense

D2241 llrar:tict I'ix''lesting \tr'ater Resisfance of Coatings irl

l0{} % }{e[;rtive HurriiiityD280:l ti*itle l'iN' T'estil.rg [;ili{orin Crx:rosion R"esistance of

Orga*ic Coatings on MetalD4 l4l Practice fix" Cirneiucting BI*ck Et;x and S*lar Con-

ccnttatinS E.rposrtles ol' CoatingsD4585 Practice for' 'I'esting Water llesistarce of Coarings

Usi*g Ccntrt;lled CondensaliorD-,{.58? Praclir:e litr l;luorescenf UV-Condensaticxr Expo-

sures of Paint and ,q*131*cl (i:atingsD5894 Pr*utice ftx'Cyclic Salt FoglUV llxposuri: of Painted

Metiil, {Alterna{ifig Lixposur*s in a Fog/Dry Cabinet and a

llVlcondixls*tiol Cahinct)D6695 Pralf.ice liti' Xenon-Al'c lr;xp{}$ures tf Paint and

I{.elated Cr:atingsD708?'X.'est Merhr:il fbl An i:naging 'l'echnique to Measure

ItLrst C:'**trrage al Seribe on Coated Test Panels Subiected

k..' C0ntlsi ve l.lttvircnmentsE3 Lluirl* firr Preparalion of lvletallogr:ilphic Specintens

G8.5 Pr"actrce {br Modifieci Salt Spray $og) Testing

Ci87 Practice for Conducting Mr:ist S0, I'ests

2.2 ANSI Standard:3il94.50 SirT gle-Point Cutting'lools, Basic Nt;merclature iind

Ilefinitlr:ns ltrr

3. Terminology

3.1 paint removal material, n-a device or substance that isused to remove loose coating around a scribe.

3.2 rust creepage or undercutting, n--+orrosion of a sub-

strate that occurs around a damaged area of a coated material.

3.3 scribe, n*alinea\ intentionally prepared damaged area

on a coated material that extends down to the substrate.

3.4 scribing tool, n-a tool used to prepare a scribe on acoated material.

3.5 zone of corrosion, n-area of corosion of a substrate'

I Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSD, 25 W. 43rd St.,

4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/lwww.ansi.org.

Copyright @ ASTM lnternational, 100 Batr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States

I

,(Hf orss4 - oB

4. Significance and Use

4.1 This method provides a means of evaluating and com-paring basic corrosion performance of the substrate, pretreat-ment, or coating system, or combination thereof', after exposureto corrosive environments.

5. Apparatus

5.1 Scribing Tools:5.1.I Lathe Tool Type-High speed tool steel or tungsren

carbide thread cutting lathe tool bit with a cutring tip having a

60' included angle. ANSI 894.50, Style E has been found tomeet these requirements. (See Fig. l.) The tool bit is typicallymounted in a holder such as a wooden file handle to facilitatethe scribing operation.

5.1.2 Pencil Type-Percil shaped device, with a high speedtool steel or tungsten carbide scribing tip. Typically thegripping surface is knurled. The tip may be replaceable orperrnanent.

5.1.3 Motorized Circular Blade-Amotor fitted with a I to2 mm wide circular cutting device.

5.1.4 Other Types-Other types of scribing insrrumenrswhich use a knife type blade such as a scalpel, razor blade, boxcutter knife, or other sharp pointed tool are acceptable if agreedupon between the producer and the user.

5.2 Straightedge-Any straightedge of sufficient length andrigidity to guide the scribing tool in a straight line.

5.3 Paint Removal Materials-The following materials canbe used to remove the coating around the scribe.

5.3.1 Spatula.5.3.2 Knife or similar instrument-the sharpness of blade

shall be agreed upon between purchaser and seller.5.3.3 Paint Stripper or strong solvent.5.3.4 Materials for removal by air:5,3.4.1 Air Source-A source of compressed air capable of

delivering at least 4.72Lls (10 ft3/min) at 552 kPa (80 psi).5.3.4.2 Air Gun-An air dusting gun and nozzle combina-

tion. The following conflguration has been found to be suc-cessful:

Air Consumption, Pressure, kPa Nozzle Diameter,mm (in.)

3.0 (0.12)m3/min (ft3/min) (psi)

o.24 (8.41 550 (80)

5 .3,5 Power Washer capable of delivering 3500 psi.

5.4 Scale-Any rule with l-mm divisions.

6. Preliminary Treatment of Test Specimens

6.1 Scribed Specimens:6.1.1 Where specified or agreed upon, prepare each speci-

men for testing by scribing it in such a manner that the scribe

can be exposed lengthwise when positioned in the test cabinet.This position will allow solution droplets to run lengthwisealong the scribe.

6.1.2 Scribe the specimen by holding rhe tool at approxi-mately a 70 to 90o angle to the surface with the upper end oftool holder inclined toward the operator. Position the tool sothat only the tip is in contact with the surface. (See lrig. 2.) Pullthe scribing tool to obtain a uniform V-cut through the coatingthat is being tested. The endpoints ofthe scribe shall be at least1.25 cm (0.5 in.) from the edge of the panel. Inspect rhe toolfrequently, using low power magniflcation, for dulling, chip-ping or wear and replace or repair as needed. The scribe shouldbe of sufficient length to cover the significant test area, butshould not contact the edge of the specimen. The scribe mustpenetrate all organic coating layers on the metal, leaving auniformly bright line. The extent of scribe penetration throughmetal coatings, such as galvanize, should be agreed uponbetween the producer and user. The coil coating industrytypically requires scribes to peneffate all organic coating layersbut not penetrate the metal coating layers. The automotiveindustry typically requires scribes to penetrate all organic andmetal coating layers. The pencil type may be less effective thanthe lathe tool type when scribing coating systems consisting ofmultiple layers of organic coatings or coating systems includ-ing metal layers. When scribing coating systems consisting ofmultiple layers of organic coatings or coating systems includ-ing metal layers the depth and quality of scribe techniqueshould be evaluated using the cross section, castable plasticmount, polishing technique described in Practice [i3. Quality ofthe scribe technique may also be observed with the aid oflow-power magniflcation. Note, mark, and describe defects,coding, and flaws that may affect results. If a motorizedcircular blade is used, position the test spdcimen to allow for astraight, linear cut at the desired length. The blade shall bepositioned to a depth such that it is able to cut into thesubstrate. This type of blade will result in a rectangular cutrather than a V-cut.

6.1.3 One cut may not be sufficient to cut multi-layerprotective coatings down to the metal. The use of more than

FlG. 2 Scribing Tool in ActionFlG. 1 Scribe Tool

one cut must be a$eed to between all concerned parties

to scribing, and the number of cuts must be recorded in the test

documentation. When multiple cuts are needed, each cut must

be done in the same direction. If a motorized blade is being

used, it may be necessary to clean out residual materials of the

scribe with a pencil-type scriber.6.1 .4 Scribe lines other than those of a single, straight nature

may be used if agreed upon between the producer and the user.

6.1.5 Wipe off the panel with a dry rag, or blow with air to

remove any metal flakes from the scribing process.

6.1.6 The width of the scribe (w) shall be recorded.

6.2 Cut Edges--{ut edges of panels may be exposed duringtesting, or protected by wax, tape, or other means as agreed

upon between the producer and the user. If left unprotected,

method of shearing panel edges should be agreed upon

between the producer and user, noting whether edges are

oriented in the "bun up" or'oburr down" configuration.

6.3 Deforrution-Deformation of test panels prior to expo-

sure, if desired, should be agreed upon between the producer

and user.

7. Exposure of Test Specimens

7.1 Expose test specimens in accordance with one or more

of the following test methods or practices: il1 I7, D822, D870,

Dl0l4, D1735, D2241, D1803, D,i;,i.1, D4585, D4-587,

D5894, D66t)5, G85, G8?, or any other applicable test method,

as agreed upon between the producer and the user. The length

of test and evaluation intervals should be agreed upon prior toexposure of specimens.

8. Procedure A-Evaluation of Rust Creepage f6rScribed Specimens

8.1 Rinse each specimen after completion of the exposureperiod, using a gentle stream of water at a temperature up to45"C (llO"F). Remove coating along scribe with one of the

following methods such that all corosion of the substrate (that

is, rust creepage or undercutting) can be observed using one ofthe following methods.

8.1.1 Method I (Scraping)-Scrape the specimen vigor-ously with and instrument described in 5.3.l.

8.1.2 Method 2 (Knift)-Pick off the loose or lifted coatingwith a knife described in 5.-1.2.

8.1.3 Method 3 (Paint Stripper)-Soak the panels in paintstripper or suitable solvent as described in 5.3.3 until thecoating around the scribe is removed, or can be removed witha spatula.

8.1.4 Method 4 (Air Blow-Off)-Holding the nozzle, as

described in 5 3.2i, at approximately a 45" angle, blow alongthe entire scribe line, disturbing the surface adjacent to the

scribe adjacent to the scribe mechanically by the air nozzle toensure an opening for the air b1ast.

8.1.5 Method 5 (Power Washer)-Using a power washerdescribed in 5.3.5, remove the coating around the scribe.

8.1.6 Other methods can be used to remove loose materialaround the scribe if agreed upon between purchaser and seller.

NorB l-The above methods may not be appropriate in all cases, suchas for interim ratings in continuing tests.

Nore 2-For all methods, complete the removal of loose coating with15 min of specimen removal from the exposure cabinet. Ifremoval cannot

1 Rating of Failure at Scribe (Procedure A)

Flepresentative Mean Creepage From Scribe

lnches FtatingMillimetres (Approximate) Number

zerc O 10

Over 0 to 0.5Over 0.5 to 1.0

Over 1.0 to 2.0Over 2.0 to 3.0Over 3.0 to 5.0Over 5.0 to 7.0Over 7.0 to 10.0Over 10.0 lo 13.0Over 13.0 to 16.0Over 16.0 to more

O lo l/ul/ac lQ 1/sz

1/sz lo lta1Aa lo 1/a

1/a lo 3/asAe lo lq1/q 1o 3/a

3/a lo lz1/z lo s/e

5/a to more

I8a

654o21

0

be completed within the prescribed time, immerse the specimens in water

at room temperature or store in a plastic bag to avoid any drying effect.

8.2 Rating-Only areas of the substrate that me discoloreddue to corrosion should be considered. Record the maximum

and minimum creepage from the scribe, and note whether ornot the maximum is an isolated spot. The mean can be

determined by making at least 6 measurements of the width ofthe zone of corosion uniformly distributed along the scribe,

ignoring 3 mm (0.125 in.) of each end of the scribe. Determinethe arithmetic mean, and use the following equation to deter-

mine rust creepage (c):

w"- w"2

where:

wc = mean overall width of the comosion zone andw = width of the original scribe.

As an alternative, use Test Method D7087. Record creep

values in millimetres, inches, or rating numbers as prescribed

in Table 1, as agreed upon between producer and user. Loss ofpaint that does not extend down to the substrate and result iniorrosion can be rated using the same procedure, but should

not be considered as scribe creepage, undercutting, or corro-sion. If this is the case, not the coat(s) removed.

9. Procedure B-Evaluation of Unscribed Areas

9.1 Use photographic blister standards given in PracticeD7 l4 to describe the results of the exposure test with respect toblisters, and Practice D6l0 to describe the results of the

exposure with respect to rusting

10. Procedure C-Evaluation of Unprotected Edges

10.1 If paint breepage from cut edges is tested, rate the

corrosion or loss of paint extending from a cut edge in the same

manner described for scribes in Procedure A.

11. Procedure D-Evaluation of Formed Areas

11.1 If tested samples contain bends, dimples, or otherformed areas of interest, rate the extent of failure at these areas

separately in the same manner described in Procedure B, or as

agreed upon between the producer and user.

12. Report

12.1 The report shall include the following information,unless otherwise agreed upon between the producer and user:

(1)

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