Astana city Municipal Solid Waste Characterizationuest.ntua.gr/naxos2018/proceedings/presentation/SessionXXIII15.00.pdf · Conclusion In two sampling campaigns average recyclable

Astana city Municipal Solid Waste CharacterizationBexultan Abylkhani

Nazarbayev University, Astana, 01000, Kazakhstan.Email: [email protected]

6th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

Outline:

1. Introduction

3. Results and Discussion

Morphology of Municipal Solid Waste

Lab analysis of RDF fraction of MSW

4. Conclusion

5. Acknowledgement

2. Aims and Objectives

3. Methodology

Sampling plan and methodology

Sorting plan

Analysis of samples


Kazakhstan:

9th country by territory

95% of all MSW is landfilled

MSW production is 1.39kg per capita per day in capital city Astana

Domestic waste generated in capital city Astana is delivered to landfilling facility Ecopolygon Astana

Real data for characterization is limited for Astana city

Introduction


Project aim is to develop Municipal Solid Waste combustion and incineration technology for Astana city (Kazakhstan) and investigation of MSW blending effects on reactivity coals in CFB combustion and gasification processes.

It has thus following objectives:

1. Provide a year round characterization of MSW in Astana city

2. Estimate possibility to use MSW as RDF source, provide its characteristics

3. Provide experimental data for development of large scale coal and MSW blending technology for implementation in industry

4. Develop Waste Management strategies

5. Investigate effects of MSW blending on coal combustion and gasification in reactors

6. Build Eulerian‐Lagrangian CFD model of MSW/coal combustion in CFB reactor

Aims and Objectives


MSW was collected from 3 districts on a random base

Two campaigns were carried out: Summer and Autumn

Each sampling campaign lasted 5 days, by sorting 200‐300kg of MSW each day

Methodology: Sampling plan



Step 2: Sample extractionStep 1: MSW delivery

Step 3: Sample preparation Step 4: Sorting and weighing


1st sorting, larger pieces – recyclables: Cardboard, Paper, Tetra pack, HDPE, LDPE, PET, other plastic, metals (FE, NFE), glass, wood, textile & leather, WEEE, C&D and others.

2nd sorting – combustible fraction (RDF): mixed paper, mixed plastic, wood, textile & leather.

Methodology: Sorting plan


Examples of sorted fractions


GlassFood waste

Ferrous metal PET bottles


Prior to Lab sample analysis, RDF fraction of MSW was reduced in size andhomogenized. Thereafter:

Proximate analysis: moisture, volatile matter, ash content and fixed carbon

Ultimate analysis: carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen in dry samples

Heavy metal content determination

Gross Calorific value determination

Methodology: Lab Analysis


Results and Discussion: Morphology of MSW

1st sorting MSW characterization results:



2nd sorting MSW characterization results:



Average gross results by season


11,4%

14,6%

1,6%0,8%

5,4%

1,1%

3,5%0,4%

0,8%

49,5%

3,7%6,4%

0,7% Paper

Plastic

Fe Metals

Non Fe Metals

Glass

Wood

Textile & Leather

WEEE

C&D

Organics

12,4%

17,4%

1,1%

0,6%7,7%

0,3%

3,3%0,8%0,5%

46,1%

2,9%6,0%

1,0%

Summer Autumn


MSW characterization in different years in Astana city

MSW classification 2006 [6] 2012 [14] 2017*

Paper 25.9 13.0 11.9

Plastic 14.8 18.5 16.0

Textile 3.85 9.80 3.39

Organics 28.9 28.0 47.8

Glass 3.30 14.5 6.56

Metal 4.35 0.9 2.08

Rest 18.9 15.3 10.3**

Astana city population 550,438 [12] 742,918 [12] 1,029,556 [13]


Results and Discussion: Lab Analysis of RDF fraction of MSW

RDF – Astana September

2017

RDF - Astana November

2017

RDF – UK [11]

RDF –Turkey [15]

RDF- Greece [8]

%Moisture 1.53 1.60 5.9 14.8 11.7%Ash 14.2 6.98 12.9 12.9 5.31%Volatilematter

60.1 74.6 70 68.5 88.6

%FixedCarbon

24.2 16.8 11.2 16.6 6.07

C(%) 47.6 48.2 58.65 56.47 59.2H(%) 5.84 5.90 8.35 8.96 8.22O(%)a 43.7 43.7 16.03 17.7 naN(%) 2.58 2.11 1.0 1.50 0.52S(%) 0.26 0.12 0.40 0.45 naGCV ds(MJ/kg)

23.32 19.79 26.85 19.23 24.4

Proximate and Ultimate analysis of RDF and its GCV


Results and Discussion: Lab Analysis of RDF fraction of MSW

Trace metal analysis results (ppm)

RDF – Astana Summer 2017

RDF - Astana Autumn 2017

RDF – UK [11]

RDF – Romania [10]

Cr 10.3 12.0 10.5 23Fe 1738.3 1536.9 3928.5 1492Co 1.1 1.4 1.8 <20Ni 6.6 7.8 10.3 <30Cu 22.7 22.1 31.8 37Zn 128.2 127.9 132.1 127As 0.6 0.5 1.4 <12Cd 0.1 0.1 0.2 <20Pb 5.1 4.4 29.5 147


Conclusion

In two sampling campaigns average recyclable fraction is 31.8%, whereas energy potential is 9.1%

Major fractions of Astana city MSW waste are: organic fraction (47.8%), plastic (16.0%), and paper (11.9%).

Proximate, ultimate, GCV and trace heavy metal analyses on RDF fraction was in accordance with the reported values from other cities

A year round MSW sampling ought to be conducted in order to resolve landfilling issue in Astana


Acknowlegement

Authors would like to thank Municipality of Astana city, for their great support to facilitate sampling campaigns at the landfill site. The authors also would like to thank Nazarbayev University (NU) for the financial support under the internal

research project (ORAU contract 144‐2018/010‐2018) entitled as: “Development of municipal solid waste combustion and incineration technology for Astana (Kazakhstan) and investigation of municipal solid waste blending effects on

reactivity of coals in CFB combustion and gasification processes”.


Reference list:

1. ASTM D1762-84: Standard Test Method for Chemical Analysis of Wood Charcoal.2. ASTM E777: Standard Test Method for Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen and Sulfur in the Analysis Sample Refuse Derived Fuel.3. Astana Mayor’s office: Astana city population on 1st of November reached 1,026 million.

http://astana.gov.kz/ru/modules/material/15579. (2017). Accessed 9 May 2018.4. BREF: Reference Document on the Best Available Techniques for Waste Incineration, European Commission.

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Astana city Municipal Solid Waste Characterizationuest.ntua.gr/naxos2018/proceedings/presentation/SessionXXIII15.00.pdf · Conclusion In two sampling campaigns average recyclable