Assignment No. 3 ICT Windows Linux Invisible

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Information andCommunication

TechnologyAssignment no. 3

2010

AHMAD Abdul RaufCE 2010 D

28-10-10


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October 28, 2010 ICT Lab Assignment # 3 2


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What is Windows?

Windows is a series of computer operating system produced by Microsoft. The first in

the series was Windows 1.0 which was introduced on 20 th November 1985[1]. After

which, many newer versions with improvedfeatures and technology were introduced,

these are listed below:

Windows 286

Windows 386

Windows 3.0 and 3.11

Windows 95

Windows 98

Windows NT

Windows 2000

Windows Me Windows XP

Windows Vista

Windows 7

What is Linux?

Linux is an open-source operating system which is

distributed by a number of different companies (forexample Linspire, Reh Hat, SuSE, Ubuntu,

Xandros, Knoppix, Slackware, Lycoris, etc.).[2]

Linux was initially created as a hobby by a student

named Linus Torvalds who released the 1.0

version of the Linux Kernal in 1994. The kernel is

the heart of all Linux systems and it is this kernel

that forms the base around which the Linux OS is

developed.[3]


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Windows vs. Linux

Linux OS is based on an open source operating system and while Windows OS is

based on a proprietary operating system.

The basic difference is that in the propriety based OS, the provider invest only in their

own product to maximize their profit. While in the open source OS, there is no platform

provider firm, but the users invest in the platform to maximize their users and

development reputation.[4]

1.Graphical User Interface

Windows has a single interface.

The Desktop Window Manager (DWM) is the desktop GUI system in the latest versions

of the Windows that manages the graphical user interface and the visual themes.

Screenshot of a Windows desktop


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In contrast, Linux has no built-in GUI interface. Many GUI interface for Linux are

commercially available, each of which provides a different look and feel to the users.

2.InstallationThe installation process in the newer versions Windows is single stage and graphical.

The Windows comes pre-installed with some multimedia and home use softwares such

as Notepad, Paint, Internet Explorer, Windows Media Center.

Installation of Linux varies greatly by distribution. Due to its open source base, it comespre-installed with many various programs which may include multimedia, graphics,

internet, office suites, games and system utilities.

Screenshot of a Windows desktop

The installation process

of Windows XP


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3. Software

Many thousands of programs of different types are available for use in Windows. Users

download them from websites or buy them on CD/DVD. One major attraction of

Windows is the large library of games available for purchase.

Softwares in Linux are mostly free and some Windows software may also be run on it

using Windows Compatibility layer.

Softwares compatible with one distributed version of Linux is not compatible with

another version.

4. Security

"There are about 60,000 viruses known for Windows, 40 or so for the Macintosh, about5 for commercial Unix versions, and perhaps 40 for Linux. Most of the Windows viruses

are not important, but many hundreds have caused widespread damage. Two or three

of the Macintosh viruses were widespread enough to be of importance. None of the

Unix or Linux viruses became widespread - most were confined to the laboratory."[5]

Windows is widely used and has far more applications and programs than Linux. And so

there are simply more targets available for attack.

To cope with all the emerging viruses, different types of anti-virus softwares are

available for users, which detect and neutralize the viruses.

.

Scanning for viruses in

Windows using an anti-

virus software


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5. Help and Support

Resources for users and professionals are widely available at no cost. Training courses

are available online and also in institutes for users to learn how to use and manage

Windows systems and Networks.

Linux support is not widely available and is provided by advanced users on online

forums. Professional support is available but on a small-scale.

Help and Support in

Windows is easily

accessible


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Optical Camouflage Technology

The Scientists at the Tachi Lab in the University of Tokyo have made a breakthrough in

the field of science and technology. Theyve created a most intriguing cloak that makes

you see through, or in other words invisible.

This transparent cloak makes you see as if

the cloak is transparent by projecting the

shooting image behind the person onto the

cloak. So, actually, the cloak is not really

transparent.


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How does it work?

The basic concept used is that by taking whatever is behind you and projecting it onto

your front, you essentially become invisible.

The material used in the cloak is known as retro-reflective material which is coated with

tiny light-reflective beads that cover its entire length.

First, putting the video camera behind the person in the cloak, and capturing his

background. Then, projecting the captured image onto the cloak from the projector. So,

if you see from the peephole, you will see as if the cloak is transparent. Because the

image is projected by the Retro-reflective Projection Technology (RPT), you can see the

reflection only on the cloak and clearly even in brightness.

The basic principle

behind the Cloak of

Invisibility


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Where can it be used?

This amazing new technology is attracting serious attention from military experts keen

to exploit a technology that could help troops move into action without being spotted.

Moreover, if this technique is used in cockpit

for making the floor transparent at landing,

the pilot can land safely with seeing runway.

Also, it maybe used for other vehicles like

car. If you can see through the back of car,

you will park the car into the garage easily.

Invisible parts of cars and aeroplanes

will help the drivers see the things

more clearly


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References

1. ^http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windows

2. ^http://www.michaelhorowitz.com/Linux.vs.Windows.html

3. ^http://www.linux.org/info/

4. ^ http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.92.2982&rep=rep1&type=pdf

5. ^http://www.govtalk.gov.uk/documents/QinetiQ_OSS_rep.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windowshttp://www.michaelhorowitz.com/Linux.vs.Windows.htmlhttp://www.michaelhorowitz.com/Linux.vs.Windows.htmlhttp://www.michaelhorowitz.com/Linux.vs.Windows.htmlhttp://www.linux.org/info/http://www.linux.org/info/http://www.linux.org/info/http://www.govtalk.gov.uk/documents/QinetiQ_OSS_rep.pdfhttp://www.govtalk.gov.uk/documents/QinetiQ_OSS_rep.pdfhttp://www.govtalk.gov.uk/documents/QinetiQ_OSS_rep.pdfhttp://www.govtalk.gov.uk/documents/QinetiQ_OSS_rep.pdfhttp://www.linux.org/info/http://www.michaelhorowitz.com/Linux.vs.Windows.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windows


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Assignment No. 3 ICT Windows Linux Invisible