Assighnment No 1

8/3/2019 Assighnment No 1

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ASSIGHNMENT

SUBJECT:IRREGATION ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY:

HAFIZ RIAZ

2008-CIVIL-29

SECTION:A

SUBMITTED TO:

DR. MOHSIN

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY LAHORE.


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CONTENTS:

y History

y TRIPPLE CANALPROJECT

y POSTINDEPEndenceERA

y INDUS WATERTRETY

y PHYSICALSYSTEM

y FACTS AND FIGURES

y SALIENTFEATURESOF BARRAGES

y BARRAGESON INDUSRIVER

y BARRAGESON RIVERJHELUM

y BARRAGESON SUTLEJRIVER

y BARRAGESON RIVER CHENAB


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BARRAGES OVER INDUS RIVER:

ThenamesofbarragesoverIndusriveraregiven belowalongwiththeirsalientfeatures.

Thesalientfeaturesaregiven below.

1)TOUNABARRAGE:

Yearofcompletion=1958

Location=`OnriverIndus(20 kmSOUTHEASTFROMTAUNSA SHARIF CITY)

Desighndischarge=750000 CUSECS

Length=4346feet

Numberofbays=53

Numberofundersluices=12

Crestlevel=6

Numberofoff-takingcanals=4

2)TERBELLE DAM:


Location=LOCATED 50Km NORTHWESTOFISLAMABAD ATTERBELLA IN SAWABI

Desighn discharge=THE MAIN SPILLWAY HAS THE CAPACITY= 650000 CUSECS,AND THE AUXILLARY

SPILLWAYHAS DISCHARGING CAPACITY=850000 CUSECS

Length=9000 feet

Numberofbays=

Numberofundersluices=

Crestlevel=

Numberofoff-takingcanals=

3)GHAZIBAROTHABARRAGE:



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Location=OnIndusRiver

Desighndischarge=500000 cusecs

Length=170560 feet

Numberofbays=


Crestlevel=


4)JINNAHBARRAGE:


Location=Itissituatedat KALABAGHinMIANWALI DISTRICT,ON INDUSRIVER


Length=3360 feet

Numberofbays=42


Crestlevel=


5)CHASHMABARRAGE:


Location=

Desighndischarge=

Length=

Numberofbays=


Crestlevel=


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6)GUDDUBARRAGE:


Location=onIN DUSRIVER NEAR KASHMORE

Desighndischarge=1200,000 CUSECS

Length=3840 feet

Numberofbays=64


Crestlevel=


7)SUKKURBARRAGE:


Location=onINDUSRIVERNEARSUKKAR CITY


Length=4490 feet

Numberofbays=54


Crestlevel=


8)KOTRIBARRAGE:

Yearofcompletion=

Location=nearHYDERABAD


Length=3000 feet


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Numberofbays=44


Crestlevel=


9)BARRAGES OVERJHELUMRIVER:

1)Mangla Dam

2)Rasool Barrage

1)MANGLA DAM:


Location=locatedatJHELUMRIVER

Desighndischarge=1.01MILLION CUSECS

Length=10300 feet

Numberofbays=


Crestlevel=


2)RASOOL BARRAGE:


Location=onJHELUMRIVER,72 KmfromtheMANGLA DAM


Length=3209feet

Numberofbays=42


Crestlevel=


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BARRAGES OVER SUTLEJRIVER:

1)Sulemanki barrage

2)Islam barrage

3)Malsi Chenab

1)SULEMANKIBARRAGE


Location=ON SUTLEJRIVER

Desighn

discharge=

309

000 CUSE

CS

Length=2220 feet

Numberofbays=24


Crestlevel=


2)ISLAMBARRAGE:


Location=ON SUTLEJRIVER


Length=1650 feet

Numberofbays=29


Crestlevel=2


3)MALSI SIPHON:


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Location=nearMALSI,ON RIVERSUTLEJ


Length=1601feet

Numberofbays=24


Crestlevel=


BARRAGES OVER CHENABRIVER:

1)Maralla Barrage

2)Khanki Barrage

3)Qadirabad Barrage

4)Trimmu Barrage

5)Punjnad Barrage

1)MARRALLABARRAGE:


Location=on CHENAB RIVER NEARSIALKOT CITY

Desighndischarge=1.1MILLION CUSECS

Length=4472 feet

Numberofbays=66


Crestlevel=



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2)KHANKIHEADWORKS:


Location=onRIVER CHENAB NEARGUJRAT DISTRICT


Length=4000 feet

Numberofbays=48


Crestlevel=


3)QADIRABAD BARRAGE:


Location=onRIVER CHENAB


Length=3373 feet

Numberofbays=50


Crestlevel=


4)TRIMMUBARRAGE:


Location=NEARJHANG


Length=3025feet

Numberofbays=37


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Crestlevel=


5)PUNJNAD BARRAGE:


Location=on CHENAB RIVER


Length=2856feet

Numberofbays=47


Crestlevel=


BARRAGES OVERRIVERRAVI:

1)Balloki Barrage

2)Sindhnai Barrage

1)BALLOKIBARRAGE:


Location=onRIVERRAVI


Length=1644feet


Crestlevel=


2)SINDHNAIBARRAGE:


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Location=onRIVERRAVI


Length=712 feet

Numberofbays=15


Crestlevel=


SALIENT FEATURES OF OFF-TAKING CANALS FROM THE BARRAGES IN PAKISTAN

S.NoBarrageNames

RiversArea

Irrigatedin Km2

CanalsYear of

Completion

Discharge atHead

(cusecs)

1 Jinnah Indus 26,900 1. Thal Canal 1949 311

2 Chashma Indus 28,317Chashma Jhelum Link

1970614

2. CRBC/Peharpur 142

3 Taunsa Indus 21,237 Taunsa Punjnad Link 1970 340


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Muzaffargarh Canal 1959 235

3. D.G. Khan Canal 1959 249

4 Guddu Indus 25,485

Ghotki Feeder 1962 241

2a. Desert Pat Feeder 1962 365

2b. Pat Feeder Canal 1962 235

3. Begari Feeder 1962 439

5 Sukkur Indus 42,475

Nara Canal 1932 379

Khairpur East Canal 1932 76

Rohri Canal 1932 317

Khairpur West Canal 1932 54

North West Canal 1932 144

6. Rice Canal 1932 289

4 Rice Canal 1932 91

6 Kotri Indus 25,485

Akram Wah (Link

Canal)

1955 116

Fuleli Canal 1955 391

Pinyari Canal 1955 408

4. Kalri Canal 1955 255

7 Rasul Jhelum 24,069

Rasul- Qadirabad Link 1967 538

Lower Jhelum Canal 1901 150

LJC Feeder 154

4. Rasul Power Canal 101

8 Marala Chenab 31,148Marala Ravi Link 1956 623

2. Upper Chenab Canal 1912 467

9 Khanki Chenab 29,732 1. Lower Chenab Canal 1892 326

10 Qadirabad Chenab 25,4851. Qadirabad BallokiLink and LCC Feeder

1967 527

11 Trimmu Chenab 18,406Trimmu Sidhnai Link 1965 311

Haveli Canal 1939 183

3. Rangpur Canal 1939 77

12 Balloki Ravi 63,712Balloki Sulemanki Link 1954 524

2. Lower Bari DoabCanal

1913 198

13Sidhnai(New)

Ravi 4,709SidhnaiMailsi Link 1965 286Mailsi Bahawal Link 1965 110

3. Sidhnai Canal 1886 127

14 Sulemanki Sutlej 9,911

Eastern Sadiqia Canal 1927 139

Fodwah Canal 1927 95

3. Upper PakpattanCanal

1927 169


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15 Islam Sutlej 10,987U & L Bahawal Canal 1927 132

2. Qaim Canal 1927 213

16 Punjnad ChenabPunjnad Canal 1335 231

Abbasia Canal 1338

17 GhaziBarrage

Indus 1. Ghazi Bhotha PowerChannel

2002 132

INTROCTION TO INDUS BASIN:

In termsofwaterusageinPAKISTAN,domesticwaterusageaccountsfor 2percentofthetotalwater

usage.MoreorlessisthesamepercentagewaterusageINDUSTRIES.Butwhenwetalk aboutthe

agriculturalusage,itaccountsabout97percentofthetotalwaterusage.Thisfigureisabovetheaverage

ofabout70%.

TheIndus BasinProgramisveryauthorized

intermsofstorageandmanagementinfrastructure.Theschematicdiagramshowingthemajor

canals,damsandotherworksofIndus BasinIrregationsystem.Terbella,Manglaand Chashmaarethe


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majorprimaryreservoirsofthissystem.Terbellaisthefirstregulationdeviceandhasthelargest

storagecapacityofabout10.93 billioncubicmeters.


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WaterfromIndusemptiesontotheplainsthroughregulatorystructure knownas RIM

STRUCTURE.About173 billioncubicmeterpassthroughrimstations,about128 billioncubicmeter

divertedforirrigationandshortfallofabout40% iscoveredfromgroundwaterthroughpumping

system.Theassociatedcanalnetwork systemismessivewith4356 kmofcanals,18884kmofseepageor

stormwater

drains,1

261

2 km

of

tile

drains.Most

of

these

canals

are

in

provinces

Punja

band

sindh.ReservoirsandcanalsformtheIndus BasinIrrigationsystemanditisessentialtoagriculture.


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HISTORY:

Thefirstcanalsystemwereconstructedsomefiveorsixcenturiesagoandextendedunderthe

MUGHALEPPERORS.Theearlycanalswereinundationchannelsanddeliveredwatertothefields

whenthe riversflowunderhighfloodduringthesummerwithnosystemofregulation.

Thenextstage

istheevaluationoftheirrigationSystemwasconstructedofperennialcanalshavingpermanent

headworks.Theseheadworkseitherdidnotextendacrosstheentirestreamorallowedthefloodsto

passovertheircrests.ThefirstevidenceofperennialirrigationonanyonanyoftheIndusRiverdates

back toearly17centurywhena80kmlongcanalwasconstructed bytheMUGHALEMPERORjahangir

(reigned1605to1627)to bringwaterfromtheright bank oftheRAVItotheGardens ofthe

SHEIKHOPURA nearLAHORE.

Theirrigationsystemwhichexisttodaywasstatedinthenineteenth

centuryunderthe Britishadministration.Intheearly19th

century,therewerenumerousinundation

canalsleadingfromtheINDUSRIVERanditstributaries.

Themoreimportantofthesewerethe UPPER

andLLOWERSUTLEJ CANALS,theSHAHPURcanalsthe CHENAB canalsandtheINDUS CANALSinthe

PUNJAB and BAHALPUR.IntheSINDH,wheretheINDUSRIVERflowsmoreorlessonaridge,conditions

wereparticularlyfavourableforinundationcanals.AmongSINDHS19TH

centurycanalswerethe

desert,the BEGARI AND SUKKUR,theFULELI,thePINYARI AND KALRIcanals.

Thefirstpermanent

headworksconstructedin1887wastheMARALLA BARRAGEwhichsupplyingwaterto UPPER CHENAB

CANALin1915.In1889,theprojectwaspreparedfortheirrigationofpartofRACHNA DOAB.Theproject

envisagedthediversionofCHENAB water bymeansofweirsat KHANKI.Thelower CHENAB CANALwas

openedin1892.

A similarschemewassanctionedfortheirrigationofthearea betweenthe CHENAB

andtheJHELUM(CHAJ DOAB)fromaweiratRASOOLontheJHELUMRIVER. Constructionwasstarted

in1897andtheJHELUM CANAL,nowcalledtheLOWERJHELUM CANALwasopenedin1901.

Afterthe

firstworldwar,theSUKKUR BARRAGEPROJECT,thefirst barrageconstructedontheINDUSRIVERwas

startedin1923 andwascommissionedtoirrigationin1932.During1921theSUTLEJVALLYPROJECT

wassanctionedforthedevelopmentofthePUNJAB,Bikaner(now presentinINDIA)and BAHAWALPUR

statesareas.Theprojectconsistedon4weirsontheSUTLEJRIVERatFEROZPUR,SULEMANKI,ISLAM

AND PUNJNAD and11canalswerecompleted by1933.


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TheTRIMMU BARAGE,located betweenthe

junctionoftheJHELUMandthe CHENAB RIVERwasstartedin1837andcompletedin1939,wasthelast

barragecompletedpriortothe WORLD WAR-2.Atthetimeofindependencethe KALABAGH BARRAGE

(JINNAH BARRAGE),KOTRI BARRAGEontheINDUSRIVERandthe BHAKRA DAMinINDIA ontheSUTLEJ

RIVERwere

under

construction.

TRIPLE CANAL PROJECT:

TheTRIPLE CANALPROJECTwassanctionedin1905and becomethefirst

projectintransferwaterfromonerivertoanother.Theprojectinvolvedthediversionofavailable

waterintheJHELUMRIVERacrossthe CHAJandRAChNA DOAB.Theprojectconsistedofafeedercanal

fromtheJHELUMRIVERatMANGLA to the CHENAB RIVERabove KHANKI(UPPERJHELUM CANAL),a

feedercanalfromMARALA onthe CHENAB RIVER toRIVERRAVIabpve BALLOKI(UPPER CHENAB

CANAL)andconstructionofa barrage(levelcroosing)ontheRIVERRAVIat BALLOKItodivertthe

transformedwaterintothenewLOWER BARI DOAB CANAL(LBDC).

THE INDUS WATER TREATY:

Theproposalhasthreemainfeatures:

1)Thewaterofthewesternriversi.etheINDUS,theJHELUMandthe CHENAB,were to beallocatedto

PAKISTAN,andthewatersofthewatersofthethreeEASTERN RIVERSS(BEAS,RAVI andSUTLEJ)to

INDIA.

2)INDIA wouldmakeacontributiontothecostofreplacementworks.

3)Duringtheconstructionphase,INDIA wouldlimitherwithdrawnfromtheeasternriversinproperties

tomatchPAKistanScapacitytoreplace.Ittook about8yearsto beforeanagreementwasreachedand

aTREATYsighnedon19september1960.

TocompensatePAKISTAN forthelossofwateroftheEASTERN RIVERS,sixfriendlycountriesofthe

World Bank togetherwithPakistanandIndiaagreedtoprovidefundstoenableasystem,a

replacementworksto beconstructedwhichwouldtransferwaterfromthewesternriverstotheareas

thatweredependentonsuppliesfromtheeasternrivers.

PHYSICAL SYSTEM:

Pakistanhastheuniqueirrigationsystemwhichcomprisesoffivemainrivers.i.ethe

INDUS,theJHELUM,theRAVI,theSUTLEJ,the BEAS.Thenetwork oftheINDUS BASIN SYSTEMconsiston

thedams,Barrages,Headworks,Canalsandinterlinkscanals.ThesystemincludesLink CANAL,thatwere

builtaconcepttotransferwaterfromthe WesternRIVERSi.eINDUS,Jhelumand CHENAB tothe


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EasternRIVERS,i.eRaviandSUTLEJaftertheInduswatertreatyof1960.Whereasthefeedercanals

takenoutfromthedifferentheadworksaremeantmainlytoirrigatetheagriculturallands

throughout.ThewateroftheINDUS BASIN RIVERSarediveredthroughreservoirsor barragesintothe

canals,classifiedastheMAIN CANALS.Thesemaincanalsthendistributetheirrigationwaterintotheir

commandareas

through

a

networ

kof

branch

canals.


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Assighnment No 1