Assessment of Mutagenic Activity of Manila Copal smoke to Drosophila melanogaster

7/29/2019 Assessment of Mutagenic Activity of Manila Copal smoke to Drosophila melanogaster

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Assessment of the Influence of

Mutagenic Activity ofAlmaciga (Agathis philippinensisWarb)

resin smoke on Fruit fly (Drosophila

melanogaster)F1 Generation

Researchers:

Bacalangco, Nadine D.Botin, Kathlyn Marie Gizella B.

Cantiller, Kristine Abegail L.

Robles, Florentino III


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Introduction

Fruit flies, also known as Drosophilamelanogaster, have been used since1970s as an ideal model for biological

research due to several reasons: easy to grow

relatively inexpensive to breed andmaintain in large numbers

have a surprising degree of genetichomology to mammals


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Introduction

MutagenAlmaciga (Agathis

philippinensisWarb.) resin.

used as fuel for lamps and torches

used as smudge for mosquitoes or

traditionally believed to drive away

bad spirits in their houses

an ingredient of paints, varnishes, andpesticides


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Statement of the Problem

1. Does the smoke from Almaciga(Agathis philippinensisWarb.)resininduce mutations on the F1generation of fruit flies (D.

melanogaster) in terms of theirexternal morphology?2. What are the induced mutations of

the smoke from Almaciga (Agathis

philippinensisWarb.)resin on the F1generation of fruit flies (D.melanogaster) in terms of theirexternal morphology?


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Statement of the Problem

3. Is there significant difference in the

frequencies of wildtype and of

mutants among the F1 generationfruit flies (D. melanogaster) exposed

to the different treatments?


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Statement of the Hypothesis

1. The smoke from Almaciga (AgathisphilippinensisWarb.)resin does not

induce mutations on the F1 generation

of fruit flies (D. melanogaster) in termsof their external morphology

2. There is no significant difference in the

frequencies of wildtype and mutant

among the F1 generation fruit flies (D.

melanogaster) exposed to the different

treatments.


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Methodology


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Results and

Discussions


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Treatme

ntsReplicat

esNumber of Males

Wild

typeMutated

Eye Color Wings Body Bristles

Long

LegsW D S SH S A C S B F

CW M E Y M A N

11 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 02 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0

2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 5 0 12

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0

3 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0

20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0

Table 1. Summary of all the Mutations among the maleD.melanogasterexposed to varying duration of smoke from

Almaciga (Agathis philippinensis)resin.


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Treatme

ntsReplicat

esNumber of Females

Wildtype MutatedEye

ColorWings Body Bristle

sLong

LegsW D S S

HS A C S B F

CW M E Y MA N

1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 02 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0

2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 7 0 02

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 7 0 0

3 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 0 0

Table 2. Summary of all the Mutations among the maleD.melanogasterexposed to varying duration of smoke from

Almaciga (Agathis philippinensis)resin.


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Treatments

Mutant

Wildtype

1 2 72

6

5

3 5 0

Table 1. Summary of Frequencies of Wildtype

and Mutant among the D. melanogaster

exposed to Varying Duration of smoke fromAlmaciga (Agathis philippinensis) resin.


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Mutant Wildtype Total

Treatment 1 Observed 2 7 9Expected 4.68 4.32 9.00

O - E -2.68 2.68 0.00

(O - E) / E 1.53 1.66 3.20

Treatment 2 Observed 6 5 11Expected 5.72 5.28 11.00

O - E 0.28 -0.28 0.00

(O - E) / E 0.01 0.01 0.03Treatment 3 Observed 5 0 5

Expected 2.60 2.40 5.00

O - E 2.40 -2.40 0.00

(O - E) / E 2.22 2.40 4.62

Total Observed 13 12 25Expected 13.00 12.00 25.00

O - E 0.00 0.00 0.00

(O - E) / E 3.76 4.08 7.84

7.84 chi-square2 Df

.0198 p-value

Table 4. Chi square Contingency Table for Independence


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Based on statistical

analysis, the p-value, at=0.05, is 0.0198 which is

lesser than the computedvalue of 5.99. Thus, the

null hypothesis isaccepted.


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Conclusion

The results of the experiment showed that theAlmaciga resin induces mutation to the F1generation ofDrosophila melanogasterin threetreatments.

The observed mutations were: (1) the color of its bands, wherein the wild type has

darker bands than the mutated fruit flies,

(2) the number of bands in the abdomen of the flies,wherein one of the offspring developed only two ringsof bands in the abdomen,

(3) size of its abdomen, wherein the mutantsdeveloped a miniature abdomen, and

(4) the length of legs wherein one fly developedlonger legs compared to the wild type.


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There is no significant difference in thefrequencies of wildtype and

frequencies of mutants among the F1

generation fruit flies treated withvarying duration of exposure of smoke

from Almaciga(A. philippinensisW.).


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Appendices


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Appendices

Documents

Assessment of Mutagenic Activity of Manila Copal smoke to Drosophila melanogaster