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This PowerPont as presented by Jeremiah Atengdem during the Triple-S research seminar taking place in Kampala, Uganda, 24-26 September 2012
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FINDINGS FOR THE GHANA BASELINE
Assessing and Monitoring Water Services in Ghana
Jeremiah Atengdem
Triple-S research seminar
24 September 2012
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …2
BASELINE METHODOLOGY
In three study districts: • Assessment of functionality and service level of all improved water
facilities• Assessment of performance of all water service providers• Assessment of performance of service authorities
• Indicators developed with involvement of sector stakeholders, based on national documents
• Use of android phones and FLOW for data collection• Data collection done by district level staff, supervised by RLF, with
involvement of regional CWSA staff
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …3
STUDY DISTRICTS
East Gonja, Northern Region
Akatsi, Volta Region
Sunyani West, Brong Ahafo Region
249 point sources, 6 piped schemes
122 point sources, 8 piped schemes
103 point sources, 23 piped schemes
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …4
FUNCTIONALITY PER DISTRICT
Akatsi (n=249) East Gonja (n=122) Sunyani West (n=103)0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
19%
42%29%
48%22%
35%
7% 7%16%
26% 29%20%
broken down
Non functional: unsuccessful stroke and leakage test
Partially functional: either successful stroke or leakage test
Functional: successful stroke and leakage test
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
Unknown (n=15)
before 1990 (n=28)
1990-1999 (n=127)
2000-2009 (n=244)
2010-2011 (n=60)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
40%
14% 18%30% 38%
13%
39%43%
36%
45%13%25% 6%
9%
7%33%21%
33% 25%10%
broken downNon functionalPartially functionalFunctional
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …5
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Reliability
not reliablereliable
% o
f poi
nt s
ourc
es
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Distance
none are within 500m of the facility
a quarter of the population is within 500m of the facility
half of the population is within 500m of the facility
three quarter of the popula-tion is within 500m of the facility
The entire population is within 500m of the facility
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Non crowding
crowdingno crowding
% o
f poi
nt s
ourc
es
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Quality
not acceptableacceptable
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Quantity
None
Less than 20 litres per person per day
More than 20 litres per person per day
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …6
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Reliability
not reliablereliable
% o
f poi
nt s
ourc
es
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Distance
none are within 500m of the facility
a quarter of the population is within 500m of the facility
half of the population is within 500m of the facility
three quarter of the popula-tion is within 500m of the facility
The entire population is within 500m of the facility
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Non crowding
crowdingno crowding
% o
f poi
nt s
ourc
es
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Quality
not acceptableacceptable
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%Quantity
None
Less than 20 litres per person per day
More than 20 litres per person per day
% o
f poi
nt so
urce
s
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
broken down or not used (score:0)
Substandard service level: benchmark met on 1 in-dicator (score: 25)
Substandard service level: benchmark met on 2 in-dicators (score: 25)
Substandard service level: benchmark met on 3 in-dicators (score: 25)
Substandard service level: benchmark met on 4 in-dicators (score: 25)
Basic service level (score: 50)
% o
f poi
nt s
ourc
es
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …7
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#*
#*
#*
#*
#*
#*
!
Legend
Water
Triple-S focus district
! Akatsi (district capital)
Piped system functionality
#* Functional
#* Non functional
#* Partially functional
Point source functionality
!( Functional
!( Non functional
!( Partially functional
!( broken down
Akatsi District
0 3 6 9 121.5Km
!(
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#*
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!!
!
Legend
! Salaga (District capital)
Piped system functionality
#* Functional
#* Non functional
#* Partially functional
Point source functionality
!( Functional
!( Non functional
!( Partially functional
!( broken down
Water
TripleSdistricts
East Gonja District
0 7 14 21 283.5Kilometers
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#*#*#*
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#*#*
#*
#*#*
!SUNYANI
Legend
Water
Triple-S focus district
Piped system functionality
#* Functional
#* Non functional
#* Partially functional
Point source functionality
!( Functional
!( Non functional
!( Partially functional
!( broken down
Sunyani West District
0 2.5 5 7.5 101.25Km
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …8
SERVICE PROVIDER BENCHMARKING
WS-G
1
WS-G
2
WS-G
3
WS-O
p1a
WS-O
p1b
WS-O
p2a
WS-O
p2b2
WS-O
p3
WS-FM1
WS-FM2
WS-FM3
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West
% o
f WAT
SAN
s mee
ting
the
benc
hmar
k
3 financial indicators3 governance indicators 5 operational indicators
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …9
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 governance benchmarks met
2 governance benchmarks met
3 governance benchmarks met
% o
f WA
TSA
Ns
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West0%
20%40%60%80%
100% 0 operations benchmarks met1 operations benchmark met2 operations benchmarks met3 operations benchmarks met4 operations benchmarks met5 operations benchmarks met%
of W
ATS
AN
s
Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0 financial benchmarks met
1 financial benchmark met
2 financial benchmarks met
3 financial benchmarks met% o
f WA
TSA
Ns
3 Governance indicators
5 Operational indicators
3 Financial management indicators
WATER SERVICE
PROVIDER INDICATORS
PERCENTAGE OF WATSANS
MEETING NONE, SOME OR ALL OF
THE BENCHMARKS
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …10
SERVICE AUTHORITY SCORES PER DISTRICT
WS-Sup1 /WB-Sup1 - Monitoring support Akatsi (n=109)
East Gonja (n=51)
Sunyani West (n=28)
Grand Total (n=288)
% of WATSANs for which the monitoring support benchmark is met 87% 28% 7% 59%
Support indicators Akatsi East Gonja Sunyani West Average
Presence of District Water and Sanitation Team 0 25 25 17
Data flows from district to region level 25 25 0 17
Allocation and utilisation of district budget 50 25 0 25
Presence of facility management plans and by-laws 25 0 0 8
NGO coordination 25 0 0 8
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …11
Not managed by WATSAN
Managed by WATSAN
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
68%64%
32% 36%
not reliablereliable
% o
f poi
nt s
ourc
es
CORRELATIONS: RELIABILITY AND SERVICE PROVIDERS
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …12
CORRELATIONS: MANAGEMENT AND POINT SOURCE RELIABILITY
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Point source managed by WATSAN that does not meet benchmarkPoint source managed by WATSAN that meets benchmark
% of
relia
ble
poin
t sou
rces
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …13
CORRELATIONS: SUPPORT AND MANAGEMENT
WS-G
1
WS-G
2
WS-G
3
WS-O
p1a
WS-O
p1b
WS-O
p2a
WS-O
p2b
WS-O
p3
WS-FM1
WS-FM2
WS-FM3
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Percentage of WATSANs meet-ing service provider bench-mark, without monitoring support
Percentage of WATSANs meet-ing service provider bench-mark, with monitoring support
%of
WA
TSA
Ns
mee
ting
the
benc
hmar
k on
se
rvic
e pr
ovid
er in
dica
tors
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …14
CONCLUSION
• Functionality levels in line with international estimates (about 2/3 of point sources functional)
• Low compliance with service level standards• Low compliance with national corms and standards,
related to service provision and service authority functions
• No correlation between presence WATSAN and reliability• Some correlation between performance of WATSAN in
service provider indicators and reliability• Positive correlation between performance of service
providers and degree of monitoring support
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …15
NEXT STEPS
• Annual data collection on (selected) indicators• Scaling-up of baseline data collection process to
10 districts in Northern region (Unicef) and possibly World Bank regions
• Steps towards integration of indicators and processes in national monitoring system
WATER SERVICES THAT LAST …16
CHALLENGES AND OUTSTANDING ISSUES
• Coding of facilities and service providers• Review of piped system quantity data to be
collected• Slight review needed of some indicators (e.g.
tariff indicator)• Inclusion of household surveys to verify service
levels