ASME_SC_VIII-1 - Tabular Summary

Table 1 Failure mode summary

STANDARD a: ASME, Section VIII, Division 1

FAILURE MODE SUMMARY b

Failure Modes according to ISO 16528 Part 1 clause 6.3 Addressed (Y / N / P) c

Brittle fracture Y

Ductile failure Y

Excessive deformation leading to leakage or other loss of function Y

Elastic or elastic-plastic instability (buckling) Y

Additional Failure Modes according to ISO 16528 Part 1 clause 6.2 Addressed (Y / N / P) c

Creep rupture Y

Creep buckling P

Fatigue P

a Provide full title of the standard and revision or addenda level b Failure modes addressed by this form (See ISO 16528 Part 1) c Y failure mode addressed by standard N failure mode not addressed by standard P failure mode recognized by standard but complete details not addressed.

Table 2a Detailed Failure Mode Checklist

STANDARD : ASME Section VIII, Division 1, 2007 Ed.

FAILURE MODE a : Ductile Failure

EXPLICIT DESIGN d

References b :

Section VIII, Division 1:

Paragraph UG-23, Maximum Allowable Stress Values:

UG-23(a), Maximum allowable stress values in tension.

UG-23(c), Combined maximum primary membrane stress plus primary bending stress.

UG-23(d), Combination of earthquake loading or wind loading with other loadings specified in paragraph UG-22.

UG-23(e), Localized discontinuity stresses.

Paragraphs UG-27 through UG-55, Design by use of the formulae given in Section VIII, Div. 1.

UG-101, Proof Test to Establish Maximum Allowable Working Pressure.

UCD-101, Hydrostatic Test to Destruction.

Part UHX, Rues for Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers.

Appendix 1, Supplementary Design Formulas.

Appendix 1, Rules for Bolted Flange Connections With Ring Type Gaskets.

Appendix 13, Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section.

Appendix 14, Integral Flat Heads With large, Single, Circular, Centrally Located Opening.

Appendix 24, Design Rules for Clamp Connections.

Section II, Part D:

Table 1A, Section I, Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1; and Section XII, Maximum Allowable Stress Values S for Ferrous Materials.

Table 1B, Section I, Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1; and Section XII, Maximum Allowable Stress Values S for Nonferrous Materials.

Table 3, Section I, Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1; and Section XII, Maximum Allowable Stress Values S for Bolting Materials.

Comments c :

Paragraph U-2(g). Section VIII, Division 1 does not contain all details of design and construction. Where complete details are not given in Division 1, the vessel Manufacturer, subject to the acceptance by the Inspector, shall provide details of design and construction which will be as safe as those provided by the rules of Division 1.

Section VIII, Div. 1, Paragraph UG-101 includes requirements for Proof Tests to Establish Maximum Allowable Working Pressure. This paragraph includes provisions for several test procedures, applicable to the type of loading and the material used in the construction, for establishing the maximum allowable working pressure for vessels or vessel parts for which the strength cannot be computed with satisfactory assurance of accuracy.

Section VIII, Div. 1, Paragraph UCD-101 includes provisions for establishing the maximum allowable working pressure of vessels constructed of cast ductile iron by proof testing.

The criteria for establishing the allowable design stress values for Section VIII, Division 1 vessels is given in Appendix P of Section VIII, Division 1 and in Appendix 1 of ASME Section II, Part D. The maximum allowable design stress values for the materials permitted for Division 1 construction are listed in Section II, Part D, Tables 1A (for ferrous materials) and in Table 1B (for nonferrous materials) at temperatures below the creep range and at temperatures where creep and stress rupture govern the selection of the allowable design stresses.

Section II, Part D, Tables 1A and 1B list two sets of allowable stress values for austenitic materials. The lower values do not exceed two-thirds of the minimum yield strength at temperature. The higher allowable stress values may exceed two-thirds of the yield strength but do not exceed 90% of the minimum yield strength at temperature. The higher allowable stresses should be used only where slightly higher deformation is not objectionable. The higher stresses are not recommended for the design of flanges or for other strain sensitive applications.

IMPLICIT DESIGN e

References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C

FABRICATION DETAILS f

References:

Section VII, Div. 1:

UG-80, Permissible Out-of-Roundness For Cylindrical, Conical, and Spherical Shells,

UG-81, Tolerances For Formed Heads.

UHT-20, Joint Alignment.

Comments:

N/C

MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS g

References:

Section VIII, Div. 1:

UG-4, UW-5; Materials, General.

UG-5, Plate.

UG-6, Forgings.

UG-7, Castings.

UG-8, Pipe and Tubes.

UG-9, Welding Materials.

UG-10, Materials Identified With or Produced to a Specification Not Permitted by This Division.

Section II, Part A, Ferrous Material Specifications.

Section II, Part B, Nonferrous Material Specifications.

Section II, Part C, Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals.

Section II, Part D, Properties:

Table U, Tensile Strength Values, Su for Ferrous and Nonferrous Materials.

Table Y-1, Yield Strength Values, Sy for Ferrous and Nonferrous Materials.

Physical Properties Tables.

Appendix 5, Guideline on the Approval of New Materials Under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

Appendix A, Metallurgical Phenomena.

Comments:


Not all materials listed in Section II are approved for construction of Section VIII, Division 1 vessels. Those approved for Division 1 construction are listed in the following tables:

Table UCS-23, Carbon and Low Alloy Steel.

Tables UNF-23.1 UNF-23.5, Nonferrous Metals.

Table UHA-23, High Alloy Steel.

Table UCI-23, Cast Iron.

Table UCD-23, Cast Ductile Iron.

Table UHT-23, Ferritic Steels With Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS h

References:


UG-90, Inspection and Tests - General.

UG-93, Inspection of Materials.

UG-94, Examination of Surfaces During Fabrication.

UG-96; Dimensional Check of Component Parts.

UG-97, Inspection During Fabrication.

UW-50, Nondestructive Examination of Welds on Pneumatically Tested Vessels.

UW-51, Radiographic and Radioscopic Examination of Welded Joints.

UW-52, Spot Examination of Welded Joints.

UW-53, Technique for Ultrasonic Examination of Welded Joints.

UCS-57, UNF-57, UHA-33, UCL-35; Radiographic Examination.

UHT-57, Examination.

UNF-58, UHA-34; Liquid Penetrant Examination.

UF-32(b)(4) and UF-32(c)(6), Liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination.

UB-44, Visual Examination.

Appendix 4, Rounded Indication Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indications in Welds.

Appendix 6, Methods of Magnetic Particle Examination.

Appendix 7, Examination of Steel Castings.

Appendix 8, Methods for Liquid Penetrant Examination.

Appendix 12, Ultrasonic Examination of Welds.

Comments:

N/C

TESTING REQUIREMENTS i

References:

Sect. VIII, Div. 1:

UG-99, Standard Hydrostatic Test.

UG-100, Pneumatic Test.

UCI-99, Standard Hydrostatic Test.

UCI-101, Hydrostatic Test to Destructin.

UCL-52, Hydrostatic Test.

UCD-99, Standard Hydrostatic Test.

ULT-99, Hydrostatic Test.

ULT-100, Pneumatic Test.

Comments:

N/C

USE / APPLICATION LIMITS j

References:

Paragraph U-1(d). The rules of Division 2 have been formulated on the basis of design principles and construction practices applicable to vessels designed for pressures not exceeding 3000 psi (20 MPa). For pressures above 3000 psi (20 MPa), deviations and additions to these rules usually are necessary to meet the requirements of design principles and construction practices for the higher pressures. Only in the event that after having applied these additional design principles and construction practices the vessel still complies with all the requirements of Division 1, may it be stamped with the applicable ASME Code symbol.

Paragraph U-1(e) gives the Scope of Division 1 in relation to the geometry of the pressure

retaining parts covered by the rules of this Division.

Comments:

Paragraph U-1(c)(2) lists the classes of vessels not included in the Scope of Division 1.

a Failure mode addressed by this form (See Table 1)

b Provide specific clause or paragraph references (including the title, if any) indicating where relevant rules can be found. These references need not be exhaustive, but should be detailed enough to establish that the standard adequately addresses the selected failure mode.

c Provide explanatory comments indicating the background for the approach employed or other material that might be useful. For example, brief description of failure theor(ies) used should be provided. References to academic papers and empirical testing methods used to establish rules are encouraged.

d Reference(s) to rules or requirements that directly affect how the standard addresses the selected failure mode, e.g. formulas for sizing wall thickness of components for resisting ductile burst.

e This section may be used to provide references and comments when design tables, empirically based rules or other approaches are employed whose derivation is not obvious. It may also be used to provide general information on design margins (safety factors) on material properties, etc. Many successful standards do not provide explicit design rules for certain failure modes yet do employ combinations of material control, temperature limits or other means to provide adequate protection against failure. This section may be used to provide information on how his standard indirectly addresses certain failure modes when explicit rules are not provided.

f References for fabrication details relevant to the selected failure mode, e.g. control of cylinder ovality, weld profiling, control of tolerances, etc. For example, control of cylinder ovality is important for prevention of buckling of externally loaded vessels. This section should be used to describe such fabrication controls relevant for the designated failure mode.

g Relevant requirements for base and welding materials, e.g. control of YS/UTS ratios, provisions for addressing strain hardening, applications of heat treatment, etc. Assuring that fabrication processes have not adversely affected material properties beyond acceptable limits can be important for preventing certain types of failures. This section should be used to describe such controls.

h References for NDT or visual inspection relevant to the selected failure mode. (If NDT is correlated to design factors, this should be noted.)

i Provisions for final testing, i.e. hydrostatic or leak tests should be noted with specific information on normal test pressures and control of test lower and upper test pressures.

j An explanation shall be provided defining the limitations in the standards scope or application relative to Part 1 Clause 6.2 failure mode(s).

Table 2b Detailed Failure Mode Checklist


FAILURE MODE a : Brittle Fracture

EXPLICIT DESIGN d

References b :


UG-23, Maximum Allowable Stress Values.

UG-84, Charpy Impact Tests.

UCS-66,Low Temperature Operation - Materials.

UCS-67, Impact Tests of Welding Procedures.

UCS-68, Design.

UHA-51, Impact Tests.

UHT-6, Test Requirements.

Appendix 31, Rules for Cr-Mo Steels With Additional Requirements for Welding and Heat Treatment.

Comments c :

N/C

IMPLICIT DESIGN e

References:


UCS-56, Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment.

UHT-56, Postweld Heat Treatment.

UCS-79, UNF-79, UHT-79; Permissible maximum forming strains without subsequent heat treatment.

UHA-44, Requirements for Postfabrication Heat Treatment Due to Straining.

Comments:

N/C


References:





Comments:

N/C


References:



Table UNF-23.1 UNF-23.5, Nonferrous Metals.


Table UCI-23, Cast Iron.

Table UCD-23, Cast Ductile Iron.


Section II, Part D:

Appendix 5, Guideline for Approval of New Materials Under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

Appendix A, Metallurgical Phenomena.

Comments:


Impact testing is required of the materials listed in Table UHT-23 and in Tables UCS-23 and UHT-23 when impact testing is required by the rules of Division 1. Impact testing is not required of nonferrous materials listed in Tables UNF-23 and of the materials in Tables UCI-23 and UCD-23.

When impact tests are required by the rules of Division 1, carbon and low alloy steels shall meet the minimum energy values shown in Fig. UG-84.1, based on thickness and the specified minimum yield strength. Charpy V-notch test specimens from carbon and low alloy steels with specified minimum tensile strength of 95 ksi (655 MPa) and greater, and the high strength heat treated steels in Table UHT-23, shall have minimum lateral expansion values opposite the notch of the Charpy impact test specimen not less than the requirements shown in Fig. UHT-6.1. The high alloy steels in Table UHA-23 shall meet 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) minimum lateral expansion when impact tests are required by paragraph UHA-51. When impact testing is required for the base metal, the same requirements shall also be met in the weld metal and in heat affected zones.

Section II, part D:

Appendix 5 requires notch toughness data for all materials subject to the Code toughness rules. The data shall include test results for the intended lowest service temperature and for

the range of thicknesses intended for Code construction.

Appendix A includes comments the effect of heat treatment, processing temperatures, and other conditions that affect materials properties, including notch toughness.


References:


UG-93, Inspection of Materials.


UW-50, Nondestructive Examination of Welds on Pneumatically Tested Vessels.

UW-51, Radiographic and Radioscopic Examination of Welded Joints.

UCS-57, UNF-57, UHA-33, UCL-35; Radiographic Examination.

UNF-58, UHA-34; Liquid Penetrant Examination.

UHT-57, Examination.

UF-32(b)(4) and UF-32(c)(6), Liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination.

UB-44, Visual Examination.

Comments:

N/C


References:









Comments:

N/C


References:


UCS-66, Materials.

UCS-67, Impact Tests of Welding Procedures.

UCS-68, Design.

UHA-51, Impact Tests.

UHT-6, Test Requirements.

UCD-3, Pressure-Temperature Limitations.

Comments:

N/C











Table 2c Detailed Failure Mode Checklist


FAILURE MODE a : Excessive Deformation Leading to Leakage or Other Loss of Function

EXPLICIT DESIGN d

References b :


UG-23(a), Maximum allowable stress values in tension.

UG-23(c), Combined maximum primary membrane stress plus primary bending stress.

UG-23(d), Combination of earthquake loading or wind loading with other loadings specified in UG-22.

UG-23(e), Localized Discontinuity Stresses.

UG-27, Thickness of Shells Under Internal Pressure.

UG-28, Thickness of Shells and Tubes Under External Pressure.

Appendix 1-7, Large Openings in Cylindrical Shells.

Section II, Part D:

Table Y-2, Factors for Limiting Permanent Strain in Nickel, High Nickel Alloys, and High Alloy Steels.

Comments c :

Section II, Part D, Tables 1A and 1B list two sets of allowable stress values for austenitic materials. The lower values do not exceed two-thirds of the minimum yield strength at temperature. The higher allowable stress values may exceed two-thirds of the yield strength but do not exceed 90% of the minimum yield strength at temperature. The higher allowable stresses should be used only where slightly higher deformation is not objectionable. The higher stresses are not recommended for the design of flanges or for other strain sensitive applications.

IMPLICIT DESIGN e

References:

Excessive deformation may also be caused by ratcheting (inelastic strain accumulation due to cyclic loading). Although the Code does not provide explicit rules for incremental collapse, the rules for design and fabrication in Section VIII, Division 1 are intended to minimize the risk of ratcheting.

Comments:

N/C


References:





Comments:

N/C


References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C


References:


UG-90, Inspection and Tests.



Comments:

N/C


References:









Comments:

N/C


References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C











Table 2d Detailed Failure Mode Checklist


FAILURE MODE a : Elastic or Elastic-Plastic Instability (Buckling)

EXPLICIT DESIGN d

References b :


UG-23(b), Maximum Allowable Stress Values The Maximum Allowable Longitudinal Compressive Stress.

UG-28, Thickness of Shells and Tubes Under External Pressure.

UG-29, Stiffening Rings for Cylindrical Shells Under External Pressure.

UG-33, Formed Heads, Pressure on Convex Side.

UNF-28, Formed heads, Pressure on Convex Side.

UHA-31, Formed heads, Pressure on Convex Side.

UHT-27, Thickness of Shells Under External Pressure.

Sect. II, Part D:

Fig. G and Fig. CS-1 through Fig. NFZ-2; Charts for Determining Shell Thickness of Components Under External Pressure.

Table G and Tables CS-1 through NFZ-2. Tabular Values for Fig. G and Fig. CS-1 through Fig. NFZ-2.

Comments c :

Sect. II, Part D, Appendix 3, Basis for Establishing External Pressure Charts. Appendix 3 gives the design basis for vessel shells subject to external pressure and to axial compression. The charts in Fig. Fig. G and Fig. CS-1 through Fig. NFZ-2 eliminate the need for calculations by equations and incorporate realistic factors of safety for a wide range of length-to-diameter and diameter-to-thickness ratios.

IMPLICIT DESIGN e

References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C


References:




Comments:

N/C


References:


UG-4, UW-5; Materials, General.


Tables UNF-23.1 UNF-23.5, Nonferrous Metals.



Section II, Part D:

Appendix 5, Guideline on the Approval of New Materials Under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

Comments:

N/C


References:


UG-90, Inspection and Tests.



Comments:

N/C


References:


UG-99(f), Single wall vessels designed for vacuum or partial vacuum.

Comments:

N/C


References:

Section II, Part D:

Fig. CS-1 - Fig. NFZ-2 and Tables CS-1 - NFZ-2.

Comments:

Figures CS-1 - Fig. NFZ-2 (and the related tables), for determining shell thickness of components under external pressure, incorporate the allowable stress limits for various materials at the temperatures given in these figures.











Table 2e Detailed Failure Mode Checklist


FAILURE MODE a : Creep Rupture

EXPLICIT DESIGN d

References b :


Paragraph UG-23, Maximum Allowable Stress Values.

Section II, Part D:

Table 1A: Section I, Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1; and Section XII, Maximum Allowable Stress Values S for Ferrous Materials.

Table 1B: Section I, Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1; and Section XII, Maximum Allowable Stress Values S for Nonferrous Materials.

Comments c :

The ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code does not require elevated temperature tension tests. However, ASME does require sufficient data for all materials at 40 C (100 F) intervals above the room temperature up to 40 C (100 F) above the maximum use temperature to establish trend curves. These trend curves are used for establishing the tensile strength and yield strength values that are used to determine the allowable design stresses at elevated temperatures. This data must be provided from at least three heats of material meeting all of the requirements of a specification for at least one product form for which adoption is required for ASME Code construction.

At temperatures in the range where creep and stress rupture govern the selection of allowable stress, the maximum allowable stress values for all materials is established not to exceed the lowest of the following:

(1) 100% of the average stress to produce creep rate of 0.01%/1,000 hr.

(2) Two-thirds (Fave) of the average stress to cause rupture at the end of 100,000 hr for temperatures below 1500 F (816 C).

(3) 80% of the minimum stress to cause rupture at the end of 100,000 hr.

IMPLICIT DESIGN e

References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C


References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C


References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C


References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C


References:

N/C

Comments:

N/C


References:

Section II, Part D:

Table 1A: Section I, Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1; and Section XII, Maximum Allowable Stress Values S for Ferrous Materials.

Table 1B: Section I, Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1; and Section XII, Maximum Allowable Stress Values S for Nonferrous Materials.

Comments:

The maximum permissible design temperatures and allowable design stresses at these temperatures, including those in the creep range, are given in Section II, Part D, Tables 1A and 1B.











Table 3 Detailed Technical Requirements Checklist

ISO 16528 Part 1 Clause

Description

Reference Standard Clause(s)

Description

Comments

7.2.1 Materials - General ASME Sect. VIII, Div. 1 (2007 Ed.): UG-4;

UG-5;

UG-7;

UG-8;

UG-9;

UG-10;

UW-5;

UF-5;

UCS-5;

UHA-11

UNF-5;

UCI-5;

UCL-10;

UCD-5;

UHT-5; ULW-5; UG-77

Materials, General.

Plate.

Castings.

Pipe and Tubes.

Welding Materials.

Materials Identified With or Produced to a Specification Not permitted by This Division.

Materials, General.

Materials, General

Materials, General

Materials, General

Materials, General.

Materials, General

Materials, General.

Materials, General.

Materials, General.

Materials, General

Material identification

Pressure vessels fabricated by forging

Carbon and low alloy steels.

High alloy steel.

Nonferrous materials.

Cast Iron.

Materials with corrosion resistant lining.

Cast ductile iron

Quenched and tempered steels

Vessels fabricated by layered construction.

Sect. II, Part D: Appendix 5

Guideline for Approval of New Materials Under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

Appendix 5 specifies the data needed for approval of new materials for ASME Code construction of pressure vessels and for the intended application, such as mechanical properties (including tensile and yield strength, time-dependent properties, and notch toughness data), physical properties, weldability, and physical changes.

Appendix A Metallurgical Phenomenona Appendix A describes some of the phenomena that

influence the properties of materials (processing history, temperature, working of the material, etc.).

7.2.2 Specification of materials

ASME Sect. II: Part A;

Part B;

Part C;

Part D

Ferrous Material Specifications.

Nonferrous Material Specifications.

Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals.

Properties.

Sect. VIII, Div. 1:

UG-5 - UG-10;

UW-5;

UF-6 - UF-7;

UCS-6 - UCS-12;

UNF-6 UNF-15;

UHA-12, UHA-13;

UCI-12;

UCL-11, UCL-12;

UCD-12;

UHT-6;

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: Appendix 31

Rules for Cr-Mo Steels With Additional Requirements for Welding and Heat Treatment.

Sect. VIII, Div. 1:

Table UCS-23;

Tables UNF-23.1 UNF-23.5;

Table UHA-23;

Table UCI-23;

Table UCD-23;

Table UHT-23

Carbon and Low Alloy Steel.

Nonferrous Metals.

High Alloy Steel.

Cast Iron.

Cast Ductile Iron.

Ferritic Steels With Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment.

Tables UCS-23, UNF-23.1 UNF-23.5, UHA-23, UCI-23, UCD-23, and UHT-23 list the material specifications and grades approved for construction of Sect. VIII, Division 1 pressure vessels.

7.2.3 Material certification

Sect. VIII, Div. 1:

UG-93;

Appendix 10-6

Inspection of Materials;

Material Control

The material shall have the appropriate documentation to show that it meets the material specification and satisfies ASME Code requirements as ordered.

7.3.1 Design loadings and other design considerations

Sect. VIII, Div. 1:

UG-20;

UG-21;

UG-22;

Design temperature;

Design temperature;

Loadings

Paragraph UG-22 lists type of loadings to be considered in the design, such as internal and external design pressures, abnormal pressures, weight of the vessel and contents, attachment loads, cyclic and dynamic reactions due to pressure, thermal variations, or mechanical loads, temperature gradients and differential thermal expansion, etc.

7.3.2 Design methods UG-27 through UG-55

Design by formulae UG-27 through UG-35, design of shell and components for internal and external pressure; UG-36 through reinforcements; UG-47 through UG-50, braced and stayed surfaces; UG-53, ligaments; UG-54, supports; UG-55, lugs and other attachments.

U-2(g) Design by analysis The vessel Manufacturer, subject to the acceptance by the Inspector, shall provide details of design and construction, which will be as safe as those provided by the rules of this Division.

UG-101 Design by experimental methods

Paragraph UG-101 includes rules for establishing the maximum allowable working pressure by proof testing.

UF-13 Head Design

UCS-28 Thickness of Shells Under External Pressure

UCS-33 Formed Heads, Pressure on Convex Side

UCD-101 Hydrostatic Test to Destruction Vessels fabricated of cast ductile iron.

UNF-28 Thickness of Shells Under External Pressure

UHA-28 Thickness of Shells Under External Pressure

UHA-31 Formed Heads, Pressure on Convex Side

UCI-28 Thickness of Shells Under External Pressure

UCI-32 Heads With Pressure on Concave Side

UCI-35 Spherically Shaped Covers (Heads)

UHA-33 Formed Heads, Pressure on Convex Side

UCL-26 Thickness of Shells and Heads Under External Pressure

UHT-27 UHT-29, UHT-33

Design of shells and heads under external pressure

ULW-16 General (Design) Vessels Fabricated by layered Construction

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: Part UHX

Rules for Shell-to-Tube Heat Exchangers.

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: Appendix 1

Supplementary Design Formulas.

Appendix 2 Rules for Bolted Flange Connections With Ring Type Gaskets.

Appendix 5 Flanged and Flued of Flanged Only Expansion Joints

Appendix 13 Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section.

Appendix 23 External Pressure Design of Copper, Copper Alloy, and Titanium Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins.

Appendix 24 Design Rules for Clamp Connections.

Appendix 26 Pressure Vessel and Heat Exchanger Expansion Joints

Appendix 31 Rules for Cr-Mo Steels With Additional Requirements for Welding and Heat Treatment.

Appendix 32 Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shells and in Spherical Segments of Shells

7.3.3 Design margins Sect. VIII, Div. 1: Appendix P;

Section II, Part D,: Appendix 1;

Basis for Establishing Allowable Stress Values.

Appendix 1, Basis for Establishing Stress Values in Tables 1A and 1B.

Section VIII-1, App. P and Section II, Par D, App. 1 give the criteria for establishing the allowable stress values at temperatures below the creep range and at temperatures within the creep range.

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-22;

UG-23;

UG-84, UCS-66, UCS-67, UCS-68, UHA-51, UHT-6.

Fatigue data.

Maximum allowable stress values.

Fracture toughness requirements.

Sect. II, Part D: Table 1A,

Table 1B,

Table 3.

Maximum Allowable Stress Values for Ferrous Materials.

Maximum Allowable Stress Values for Nonferrous Materials.

Maximum Allowable Stress Values for Bolting Materials.

Tables 1A, 1B, 3, U, and Y-1 list the maximum allowable stress values, the tensile strength values, and yield strength values at the temperatures listed in these tables.

Sect. II, Part D: Fig. G and Fig. CS-1 through Fig. NFZ-2;

Table G and Tables CS-1 through NFZ-2.

Charts for Determining Shell Thickness of Components Under External Pressure.

Tabular Values for Fig. G and Fig. CS-1 through Fig. NFZ-2.

These charts are used charts for determining shell thickness of pressure components under external pressure.

Sect. II, Part D: Appendix 1;

Appendix 2, Table 2-100(b);

Appendix 3;

Basis for Establishing Stress Values in Tables 1A and 1B.

Criteria for Establishing Allowable Stress Values for Table 3.

Basis for Establishing External Pressure Charts,

7.3.4 Design factors Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-4(b);

UG-11(a)(3);

UG-24(a);

Allowable stress values for non-pressure parts of materials not identified in accordance with UG-93;

Small prefabricated parts.

Quality Factors for Castings.

UG-53;

UG-80;

UG-81;

UW-12;

UB-14;

UCS-79, UNF-79, UHT-79;

UF-27;

UHA-44;

ULW-20

Ligaments.

Permissible out-of-roundness for cylindrical, conical, and spherical shells.

Tolerances for formed heads.

Joint Efficiencies.

Joint Efficiency Factors.

Permissible maximum forming strains without subsequent heat treatment.

Tolerances on Body Forgings.

Requirements for Postfabrication Heat Treatment Due to Straining.

Welded Joint Efficiency.

7.3.5 Means for examination


Appendix M, paragraph M-2(b)

Inspection openings.

Installation and Operation.

Access openings for internal inspection & provisions for drainage.

7.3.6 Draining & Venting UG-25(f);

UG-125;

Appendix M, paragraph M-2(c).

Openings for drainage.

Pressure Relief Devices.

Installation and Operation.

Provisions for drainage in vessels subject to corrosion.

7.3.7 Corrosion & erosion

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-16(e);

UG-31(c)(1)

UG-25;

UB-13, UCL-25, UHT-25;

Appendix E

Corrosion allowance in design formulas.

Tubes and Pipe

Corrosion and erosion.

Corrosion.

Suggested good practice regarding corrosion allowance.

Additional wall thickness should be provided when corrosion, erosion or wear is expected.

7.3.8.1 Overpressure protection - general

UG-125 Pressure Relief Devices - General

7.3.8.2 Types of devices UG-126;

UG-127,

UG-128;

UG-136;

Pressure Relief Valves.

Nonreclosing Pressure Relief Devices.

Liquid Pressure Relief Valves.

Minimum Requirements for

UG-137


Minimum Requirements for Rupture Disk Devices.

7.3.8.3 Safety accessories Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-125;

Appendix C;

Appendix T


Suggested Methods for Obtaining the Operating Temperature of Vessel Walls in Service.

Temperature Protection.

7.4.1 Manufacture - methods


UG-76;

UG-79;

UG-85;

Part UW;

ASME Section IX

Methods of Fabrication in Combination.

Cutting Plates and Other Stock.

Forming Shell Sections and Heads.

Heat Treatment.

Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Welding.

Qualification Standard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers, and Welding and Brazing Operators.

Cutting.

Forming.

Heat treating.

Welding.

7.4.2 Identification of materials


UG-85;

UG-94;

UF-47;

UHT-86

Material Identification.

Heat Treatment

Marking of Materials

Parts Forging.

Marking on Plates and Other Materials.

Marking of materials heat treated by the fabricator.

7.4.3 Preparation of parts UG-43;

UG-76;

UG-79(b);

UW-13;

UW-31;

UF-28;

UCS-79;

Method of Attachment of Pipe and Nozzle Necks to Vessel Walls.

Cutting Plates and Other Stock.


Attachment Details.

Cutting, Fitting, and Alignment.

Methods of Forming Forged Heads.


UNF-77;

NF-7;

UCI-37;

UHT-79;

UHT-83


Thermal Cutting.

Corners and Fillets.

Forming of Shell Sections and Heads.

Methods of Metal Removal.

7.4.4 Welding Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UW-27;

UW-30;

UW-32;

UW-33;

UW-35;

UW-37;

UW-38;

UW-42;

UW-47;

UW-48;

UB-31;

UB-32;

UF-32;

ULW-17;

ULW-32;

Welding Processes.

Lowest Permissible Temperature for Welding.

Cleaning Surfaces to be Welded.

Alignment Tolerances.

Finished Longitudinal and circumferential Joints.

Miscellaneous Welding Requirements.

Repair of Weld Defects.

Surface Weld Metal Buildup.

Check of Welding Procedure.

Check of Welder and Welding Operator Qualifications.

Qualification of Brazing Procedure.

Qualification of Brazers and Brazing Operators.

Welding for Fabrication.

Design of Welded Joints.

Welded Joints.

Pressure vessels fabricated by forging.

7.4.5 Welding procedure qualifications

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UW-28;

ULW-32;

Qualification of Welding Procedure.

Welding Procedure Qualification.

ASME Section IX Qualification Standard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers, and Welding and Brazing Operators.

7.4.6 Welder qualifications


Tests of Welders and Welding

ULW-33;

Operators.

Performance Qualifications.

ASME, Section IX Qualification Standard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers, and Welding and Brazing Operators.

7.4.7 Welder identification

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UW-37(f)

Welder and Welding Operator Identification.

7.4.8 Heat treatment Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-24(b)

UG-85;

UCS-85;

UW-49;

UF-31;

UCS-56;

UCS-79(d)

UCS-85;

UNF-56;

UHA-44;

UCL-34;

UHT-56;

UHT-79;

UHT-80;

UHT-81;

ULW-26

Castings.

Heat Treatment.

Procedures for Postweld Heat Treatment.

Check of Postweld Heat Treatment Practice (by AI).

Heat Treatment

Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment.


Heat Treatment of Test Specimens.

Postweld Heat Treatment.

Requirements for Postfabrication Heat Treatment Due to Straining.



Forming of Shell Sections and Heads.

Heat Treatment.

Heat Treatment Verification Tests.


Repair of defects in castings.

Vessels fabricated by forging.

Vessels constructed of carbon and low alloy steels.

Vessels constructed of nonferrous materials.

Vessels constructed of high alloy steel.

Vessels with corrosion resistant integral or weld overlay cladding.

Vessels constructed of ferritic steels whose properties have been enhanced by heat treatment.

7.4.9 Tolerances Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-80;

Permissible Out-of-Roundness

UG-81;

UW-33;

UW-35;

UF-27;

UF-29;

UHT-20

of Cylindrical, Conical, and Spherical Shells.

Tolerances for Formed Heads.

Alignment Tolerance.

Finished longitudinal and Circumferential Joints.

Tolerances on Body Forgings.

Tolerances on Forged Heads.

Joint Alignment.

7.5.1 Inspection & examination (I&E) - General

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: U-2(e);

UG-90(c)(1);

UG-91;

UG-92;

UG-93;

UG-96;

UG-97;

UW-47;

UW-48;

UF-45;

UF-46;

UB-42;

UCL-36;

UHT-57;

ULW-50 through ULW-57;

ULT-57

General.

General.

The Inspector.

Access for Inspector.

Inspection of Materials.

Dimensional Check of Component Parts.

Inspection During Fabrication.

Check of Welding Procedure.

Check of Welder and Welding Operator Qualifications.

General (Inspection and Tests)

Acceptance by Inspector.

Procedure. (Inspection and Tests)

Examination of Chromium Stainless Steel Cladding or Lining.

Examination.

Nondestructive Examination of Welded Joints.

Examination.

Duties of the Inspector.

Required inspections and verifications.

Inspection of surfaces of forged vessels.

Vessels constructed of ferritic steels with tensile properties enhanced by heat treatment.

Nondestructive examination of layered vessels.

Vessels constructed of materials having higher allowable stresses at low temperature.

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: Appendix 7;

Examination of Steel Castings.

Appendix 10-16 Inspection of Pressure Relief Valves.

7.5.2 I&E methods ASME Section V Nondestructive Examination.


UW-51;

UF-32(b)(4) and UF-32(c)(6);

UB-44;

UCS-57;

UNF-57;

UNF-58;

UHA-33;

UHA-34;

UCL-35;

UCL-36;

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: Appendix 6;

Appendix 6;

Appendix 12

Nondestructive Examination of Welds on Pneumatically Tested Vessels.

Radiographic and Radioscopic Examination of Welded Joints.


Visual Examination

Radiographic Examination.


Liquid Penetrant Examination.


Liquid Penetrant Examination.


Examination of Chromium Stainless Steel Cladding or Lining.

Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT).

Methods for Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT).

Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT).

Examination by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods.

Liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination.

Radiographic examination.

7.5.3 I&E procedures ASME Section V Nondestructive Examination.

7.4.4 I&E personnel qualification

ASME QAI-1;

ACCP;

CP-189;

SNT-TC-1A;

Qualifications for Authorized Inspection.

ASNT Central Certification Program.

ASNT Standard for Qualification and Certification on Nondestructive Testing Personnel.

Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing.

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UW-51(a);


Qualification of personnel performing and evaluating

UF-32(b) and (c);


radiographic examination.

Qualification of welders and welding procedures.

7.5.5 Evaluation of indications & acceptance criteria

Sect. VIII, Div. 1: par. UW-51(b);

Par. UW-52(c);


Spot Examination of Welded Joints.

Evaluation and acceptance criteria.

Standards for Spot Radiographic Examination.

Appendix 4;

Appendix 6;

Appendix 7;

Appendix 8;

Appendix 12;

Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indications in Welds.





7.5.6 Disposition of unacceptable imperfections


UW-51(b), UW-51(c);

UW-52(d);

UF-37;

UB-37;

UCI-78;

UCD-78;

UHT-57(d) and (e)

Repair of Weld Defects.


Evaluation and Retests.

Repair of Defects in Material.

Repair of Defective Brazing.

Repairs in Cast Iron Material.

Repairs in Cast Ductile Iron Material.

Examination.

Appendix 6;

Appendix 7;

Appendix 8;

Appendix 12;

Appendix 10-8;





Quality Control System.

Correction of Nonconformities.

7.6.1 Final inspection Sect. VIII, Div. 1: U-2(e);

UG-90(c)(1);

UG-92;

General.

General.

Access for Inspector.

Duties of the Inspector.

Required inspections and verifications.

UG-96;

UG-97;

UG-99(g);

UG-100(d);

UF-45;

ULT-57

Dimensional Check of Component Parts.

Inspection During Fabrication.

Standard Hydrostatic Test.

Pneumatic Test.

Inspection and Tests, General.

Examination.

Inspection of all joints and connections.

Inspection of the vessel.

Appendix 10-16 Inspection of Pressure Relief Valves.

7.6.2 Final pressure test Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-99;

UG-100


Pneumatic Test.

UCI-99,

UCL-52,

UCD-99,

ULT-99,

ULT-100


Hydrostatic Test.


Hydrostatic Test.

Pneumatic Test.

7.7 Marking/labeling Sect. VIII, Div. 1: UG-115;

UG-116;

UG-118;

UG-119

Marking and Reports, General.

Required Marking.

Method of Marking.

Nameplates.

8 Conformity assessment


UG-120;

Certificates of Authorization and Code Stamps.

Data Reports.

Appendix 10 Quality Control System.

Documents

ASME_SC_VIII-1 - Tabular Summary