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ASIAN PERSPECTIVES THE BULLETIN OF THE FAR-EASTERN PREHISTORY ASSOCIATION VOLUME VIII. 2 Editor WINTER 1964 WILHELM G. SOLHEIM II Japanese Archceological Terms with English and German Equivalents HERBERT MELICHAR HONG KONG UNIVERSITY PRESS 19 66

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Page 1: ASIAN PERSPECTIVES...Vol. VIII(ii) in Hong Kong $35; in the U.S.A. $6.50; in Europe and the Commonwealth Nations (excepting Canada) £2-5 Separate copies ofVol. VIII(ii) Japanese Archceological

ASIAN PERSPECTIVESTHE BULLETIN OF THE FAR-EASTERN PREHISTORY ASSOCIATION

VOLUME VIII. 2

Editor

WINTER 1964

WILHELM G. SOLHEIM II

Japanese Archceological Terms

with English and German Equivalents

HERBERT MELICHAR

HONG KONG UNIVERSITY PRESS

19 66

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© Hong Kong University Press, I966Printed in June I966, I200 copies

THE FAR EASTERN PREHISTORY ASSOCIATION, BISHOP MUSEUM PRESS,

HONOLULU, HAWAII 96819 FOR THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE.

THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, ELY HOUSE, 37 DOVER STREET, LONDON, W.I

ARE THE EXCLUSIVE AGENTS FOR ALL COUNTRIES EXCEPT

ASIA EAST OF BURMA

Vol. VIII(ii) in Hong Kong $35; in the U.S.A. $6.50; in Europe and the CommonwealthNations (excepting Canada) £2-5

Separate copies of Vol. VIII (ii) Japanese Archceological Terms are obtainable at HK$20.In the U.S.A. for US$4, and in Europe and the Commonwealth Nations for 35/-.

Printed in Hong Kong byCATHAY PRESS

3I Wong Chuk Hang Road, Aberdeen

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Japanese Archreological Termswith English and German Equivalents

HERBERT MELICHAR

INTRODUCTION

Terms in archreology, as well as in any other field of knowledge, necessarilybear the hallmark of the language in which they were first put into circulation.This, however, poses many problems to any compiler of an international vocabularyof scientific terms, as each word has to be examined in the context of its historicaland local origin, before an internationally acceptable nomenclature can be estab­lished. This is particularly so when divergent interpretations of the meanings of aterm already exist.

Disagreements on terms and their meaning even among Western scholars haveaffected good international co-operation-and how much more will this be sowhen we come to correlate them with Japanese, for example. Postwar, mostscholarly publications in Japan carry brief resumes of their articles in some Westernlanguage. This very commendable practice is not without danger, particularly whena. Japanese term is equated with a Western term from which it materially differs.To give an example, for some types of stone implements certain names have beenused and accepted internationally as equivalent though no homologous relationbetween the object of specifically Japanese origin and the nearest Western typeas yet can be proved.

Thus a Western scholar, who reads articles and summaries that give terms with aspecifically Japanese connotation, may be misled by the Western terms used bythe Japanese scholar or his translator. When such terms become accepted this cancause infinite complications the undoing of which may take years, and even thenthey tend to persist and poison co-operative work.

The beginning of the terminological contacts between the West and Japan goesback to the Meiji era, when Western scholars published several reports on theprehistory of Japan (Franks 1868, Baux 1873, Maget 1876) which caught theattention of the Japanese scholars and aroused their enthusiasm for developing thisnew branch of science. After the Japanese National Museum was established in1872, practical work on Japanese soil began with the excavation of the shell moundsat Omori, near Tokyo, in 1878, guided and directed by Edward Sylvester Morse(Morse 1879), and followed in the same year by the research on the shell-mound ofOkadaira (Ibaraki prefecture) which was conducted by a Japanese team alone(Iijima-Sasaki 1883). As no proper terminology as yet existed in this new field,the Japanese had to do with whatever was available: they translated foreign termsand, in writing them, used Chinese characters for analytical reproduction of thecontent and meaning of the foreign term. This method of 'loan-translation'(shakuyo-gensho {{j ffl Jjl ~) was, and still is, used in many fields, particularly inphilosophy and other humanities, natural sciences such as physics, etc.

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2 ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

The ever increasing interest in the non-literal material of the past as a new kindof historical source finally resulted in the foundation of the Japanese AnthropologicalSociety (jinruigaku no Tomo, C Iv Z, v"\ iJ~ <OJ Co ~, 1884) and the journal of theJapanese Anthropological Society (jinruigakkai-hokoku A %Ji~ 1b fit 15-, 1886) whichbecame the real starting point of Japanese prehistorical research and its publication.Beginning with 1886, when Western writings on Japanese prehistory had come toan almost abrupt stop, the Japanese continued the research, now independent ofWestern influence, thus enlarging and improving the archreological vocabularyand basing it on more native views and words. The mass of present Japanesearchreological terms originated in this second phase.

The third phase of the development of the Japanese archreological vocabularyhas been postwar. Since the end of the war systematic research work has been doneon the so-called Japanese Palreolithic Age (non- or pre-ceramic age 1m ± ~ -:><:. {fj,JIG *,I-:><:.:x' {fj Mf ~) and serious controversies have taken place which even to thisday have been only partly settled. Now the scholars faced the same problem as theirpredecessors in the Meiji era. In the West palreolithic research had by this timeestablished its present terminology. The Japanese scholars, therefore, had to takeit into consideration, re-examine the terms native and foreign, and to decidewhether to use them or to create completely new expressions.

Since it was possible to use both techniques simultaneously, the net result wasan overwhelming accumulation of words and the creation of synonyms, which insome cases proved to be superfluous, but in other cases could express fine differencesof nuance.

The Japanese archreological vocabulary in current use falls into four maincategories :*

I. Native Japanese expressions and names for objects and concepts of Japaneseorigin, or of foreign origin but viewed in a native Japanese perspective:

Jomon, Yayoi, Kofun period, etc.

2. Translations of foreign terms according to their meaning and content intoJapanese:

'small-shaped-stone-edge' for 'microlith', 'grasp-hammer' for 'hand-axe',etc.

3. Creation of Japanese words corresponding to foreign terms, especiallycompounds:

'palreo-lithic', 'neo-lithic', 'Bronze Age', 'Iron Age', etc.

4. Transliterations of foreign terms using the Japanese syllabary and Romanletters:

'buredo' for 'blade', etc.

* These categories apply only to the terms in themselves and not to the systematic classificationof the material. The latter itself falls into four groups:

a. The comparative-descriptive aspect: blade.b. The function-interpreting aspect: scraper.c. The analytical aspect: stone or bone implement.d. The technical aspect (i.e., according to the manufacturing process): biface, flake.

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 3

Moreover, Japan has four ways of writing (Chinese characters, Katakana,Hiragana and Roman letters), which are used in different combinations accordingto the particular case. Japanese terms are, therefore, full of variety in structure,content and pictography.

Any treatise on, or analysis of, the vocabulary of a given field of knowledge requiresfirst a selection of words to be examined. The words selected for the list presentedhere are taken from a large collection which I compiled during long years ofresearch in Japan, and are mainly those not contained in an ordinary dictionary, orthose which have undergone more or less change in meaning because of specialusage. I have sought to include as many words as possible, while at the same timechoosing those that are characteristic of Japanese term-making and reflect theJapanese terminological approach to prehistory material.

Since most terms consist of a combination of words, the emphasis in thefollowing vocabulary is on them rather than on single words. Terms on the pre­literate period receive more attention than those on the metal-age cultures, becauseduring the protohistoric period certain traditions, which in many respects havecontinued to the present, came into existence. These traditions fostered the growthof a group of artisan's expressions which are current jargon today, and which mustbe kept out of our vocabulary. Special names of Chinese bronze vessels, the typologyof the Chinese-Korean bronze mirrors and their decorative motifs, special parts ofswords, armour, etc., are therefore omitted from the word-list or included only inlimited number.

Most of the English and German words have been suggested to me by theircurrent usage in Western archreology. In some cases, i.e., when a piece-to-piececomparison between V'vTestern and Japanese objects appears to be tolerable, theEnglish or German equivalents have been adopted directly or with slight modifica­tion. In other cases the English and German words are new constructions of myown. With these I have taken the precaution of avoiding mere translations ofJapanese words and have tried, as far as possible, to coin expressions in accordancewith usage in English and German term-making, so as to facilitate their generalacceptance.

The English and German expressions corresponding to the Japanese terms,though given in concise forms, are to be considered only as explanations or inter­pretations of Japanese terms. The English and German words respectively are nottranslations of each other but go directly and independently to the Japanese key­word:

English +---- Japanese ----+ German

Therefore this vocabulary should not be used as an English-German (or vice-versa)archreological dictionary.

One more obstacle to obtaining a uniform use of archreological terms is theindividuality of each artifact. Those artifacts which are not types or guide-objectsallow the archreologist in many cases much freedom to create his own terms anduse individual expressions based on experience and familiarity with the material,personal views and ideas, associations and secondary images, as well as the so-called'occasional meanings' of words, etc. A constant problem in this connection is, e.g.,

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4 ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

the pottery types and their correct nomenclature. This is true of Japanese termspresented in this word-list, and to which the English or German equivalents areconsequently no exception.

Scientific terminology must be based on certain conventions in concepts, languageand script which make it acceptable. Clearness will be achieved when the scientistscome to an agreement on the meaning of the terms. It is with this in mind that thiswork was planned, for its primary purpose is to give the Western readers of Japanesematerial a clear n1eaning of each Japanese term. I therefore hope the word-list willbe found useful and practical, but if some terms are to be replaced by better onesthey will still have to conform to recognized conventions, as I have tried to makethem do.

The vocabulary presented was originally planned as a co-operative work byseveral scentists. However, the discussions on terminology seem always to end invagueness, and finally it became necessary to do it alone and with limited means.As errors are unavoidable I shall be grateful to all for constructive suggestions forimprovements.

May this trial work give archreologists a further impetus toward internationalco-operation which might some day bear fruit as, for instance, in a multi-lingualarchreological dictionary including also the languages of the Far East.

REFERENCES*BAUX, A.

1873 Sur une collection prehistorique japonaise, Materiaux pour l'histoire primititve etnaturelle de l'homme; 8. Paris.

* FRANKS, A. W.1868 Notes on the discovery of stone implements in Japan, Congres International d'Archeo­

logie Prehistorique, Paris.

IIJIMA HAJIME, SASAKI CHOJIRO

1880 Josh11. Okadaira-kaizuka-hokoku 1¥ffl'l ~ZP1r:l1lit~ 15 (Report on the shell-mound ofOkadaira in Joshu [= Hitachi]), Gakugei-shirin ~~~** 6. University of Tokyo.

1883 The Okadaira shell-mound at Hitachi, Memoirs of the Science Department, Universityof Tokyo, 2.

*MAGET, G. A.1876 La race japonaise et ses origines, Archives de medicine navale, 26, Paris.

*MORSE, EDWARD S.1879 The shell-mounds of Omori, Me1noirs of the Science Department, I. University of Tokyo,

Previous attempts at term explanationBEFU, H., C. S. CHARD and A. OKADA (1964). An annotated bibliography of the preceramic

archreology of Japan, Arctic Anthropology, 2(1): 2, pp. 1-83, quote p. 2.

IMAI, TAK~SHI (1957). Mudoki.-bunka-kankei no yo-go-kaisetsu ~±~j(1trMt11*(J) mmM~ (Ex­planatIon of terms referrIng to nonceramic culture), Watashitachi no kokogaku ft t.::.. t.J 0) ~rj~, 13, pp. 41-42, Okayama.

SUGIHARA S5SUK~ (1956). Jutsugo-taisho-hyo ~Jjtif ffi ti P\~ ~ (List of terms), Nihon-kokogaku-kozaB *~ 1.1~~~ (Lectures on Japanese Archreology), 3, 37-42. Tokyo.

DictionariesSAKAZUME, N. et al. (195 1). Kokogaku-jiten ~ti~;tF~ (Archreological Dictionary). Tokyo.

MIZUNO, S. and Y. KOBAYASHI (1959). Kokogaku-jiten ~ti~~:!1t!. Tokyo.

FUJITA, RYOSAKU (1962). Nihon-kokogaku-iiten a*~ti~~~ (Dictionary of Japanese Archreo-logy). Tokyo. -

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

A

5

1 achigata-totte7-r%tE=J.

2 age-zoko:t~~rIEf

3 aiguchi-kamekani?[]~tg

see awaseguchi­kamekan

4 Ainu-shiki-doki7·1' x~±~

5 ajiro-zoko~~JIf

6 amadare-ishim@insee hachi-no-su-ishi

7 Amerika-shiki­sekizoku

7;J9:JJ~n~

8 amime-mon~§;)(

9 amime-yoriito-~~§~*5t [mon

10 ami-no-omoriWQ)~

11 anagumaTf?-1=1

12 asagao-kei-ento­haniwa

~AJfJO~F9~ fl1f~

13 ashigata-dasei­sekifu

J:E%tr~DE~

14 ashin-sekkijidaiiffi~n~~~

15 ashiwaJ:E~

16 atsude-haJ¥=¥~

17 atsude-shiki-doki~=¥~±~

see atsude-ha

Verdeckhenkel

eingezogene StandfHicheeines GefaBes

Ainu-Keramik: veralteteBezeichnung ftir die Jomon­KeramikGefaBboden mit Gewebe­abdriicken

amerikanische Pfeilspitze(mit Fischschwanzbasis)

Netzmuster;NetzabdriickeFadennetzung;FadennetzverzierungNetzsenker ;NetzbeschwererVorratsgrube

Windenbliiten-Zylinder­haniwa;Trichterrohr-Haniwa mitzylindrischem Korper undtrichterformig ausladendemOberteilzugeschlagene Knickhacke(Symmetrieachse zeigteinen stumpfwinkeligenKnick oder S-formigeKriimmung)Aeneolithikum

FuBgelenkschmuck aus zweizusammengebundenenEberhauern

dickwandige Keramik

vaulting handle

concave base;indented base of a vessel;raised bottom

Ainu pottery: obsoleteexpression for designatingJomon potterymat-imprinted bottomof a vessel

American-type arrowhead(with fishtail-shaped base)

net impressions;net ornamentnetted string ornament

net sinker

storage pit

morning-glory-shapedhaniwa;trumpet-shaped haniwawithcylindrical body andfunnel-shaped top

rudder-shaped chippedstone axe (also called club­foot axe, as the axis of sym­metry forms an obtuse angleor has an S-like warp)eneolithic age

leg ornament consisting oftwo boar's tusks boundtogether and fixed at theanklethick-walled pottery

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6

18 awabi-gata-dokiflEJ%±~%&

19 awasebuta-doki~~-=l:.~

20 awaseguchi-doki-EiO±~

21 awaseguchi--Ei 0 ~tg [kamekan

22 Awa-shiki-sekkan~t&J:\:~rg

see kumiawase­shiki-sekkan

23 bachigata-dasei­~~%tr~~*[sekifu

24 baicho~t!i*

25 baifuJ§.tf

26 baikiJ§.~

27 baisei-kift~-~

28 bankiBJEWj

29 baraieti./'\71:r..-r1-

30 basshit~it

31 baton-do-koman-/~ } :;/ • F' [doman

·::Jx:;/F'~:;/

32 (monyo no) benka( )tt~ C7) ) @!1~

33 bi)~

34 boganm.. ILl'~~'E

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

GefaB aus einer Awabi­Muschelschale, derenInnenseite mit Tonverstrichen wurde

GefaB mit Deckel

zwei mit der Miindungzusammengestellte GeHiBe

DoppelgefaB (zur Aufnahmeeiner Bestattung)

B

Breithacke

Begleittumuli (urn eingroBes Kofun herumangeordnet)Muschelhaue ;Muschelbeila) Muschelobjektb) Muschel als GeratObjekt aus Muschelschale

spateste (r, s)

Abart;SpielartZahnextraktion (als Zustandder Verstiimmelung nachder Operation)Kommandostab ;,Pfeilstrecker'

Stilisierung;Schematisierung;Formerstarrung;(der Ornamentik)chinesische Tiillenlan­zenspitze der spateren Yin­Zeit; nicht zu verwechselnmit hoko(Feuerstein-) Knollen

vessel made ofan awabi shelllined with clay

lidded vessel

two vesselsfitted together,mouth to mouth, the smallerserving as cover

joint jar (for burial);double jar

spatulate axe or adze;pear-shaped axe (adze)(several) smaller kofunsadjacent to a large one;satellite (burial) moundsaxe made of shell;chopper made from shella) object made of shellb) shell used as implementobject made of shell

latest

variety

tooth extraction (the stateofmutilation after the opera­tion)baton de commandement;'shaft-straightener'

conventionalization(of a pattern or design)

Chinese socketed spearheadappearing in the second halfof Yin dynasty; not to beconfused with hokolump, block (of flint)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 7

35 bojosoku~~JE

36 bojo-tokkiw~~t9 see

nawakake-tokki37 boringu

;R-9/':J'"

38 bosei{}j~

39 bosh~io-endosu­

m1~jl1~:r.:/ [kurepaF · .A :J v 1 /~-

40 bosuisha*1J~l!!

41 bosuitai*;j]~R

42 bunka1

7t1t

43 bunka2

3t1t

44 bunka-hendo3t1t~J}j

45 bunka-henyo3t1t~~

46 bunka-ibutsu)(1t3l4t1 see

jinko-ibutsu47 bunka-ken

3t1t~

48 bunka-naiyo3t1[jVq?g

49 bunka-ruikei)(1[j~]ID!

50 bunka-ryoiki3t1tfjJi:lE~

51 bunka-soY:.1tJ~

52 bunka-zaiY:.1tM

53 bunmeiX~

ZapfenfuB (eines GefaBes)

Sondage;Sondenbohrung (zur Unter­suchung des Bodens voreiner Ausgrabung)nach kontinentaler Vorlagein Japan nachgemacht(Bronzespiegel oder-lanzenspitze)Daumenschaber

Spinnwirtel

Beschwergewicht (an derAngelleine)Absetzung, Trennung (z.Bvon Hals und Schulter einesGefaBes)Kultur: die Gesamtheit derspezifischen Lebensformeneiner menschlichenGemeinschaftKulturwandel

Akkulturation

Kulturkreis;manchmal falschlich stattbunka-ryoiki verwendet

Kulturinhalt

pattern of culture

culture area

Kulturschicht (im Boden)

Kulturgiiter;Kulturdenkmaler

Zivilisation;Hochkultur

solid foot or leg (of a vessel)

boring (examining the soilof a site before making anexcavation)

(bronze mirror or spearhead)manufactured in Japan aftera continental prototype

thumb-(end) scraper

spindle whorl

weight, sinker (used forhook-and-line fishing)separation, being set off (e.g.neck and shoulder of avessel)culture: the sum total of theways of living built up bya group of human beings

culture change

acculturation

Kulturkreis;sometimes erroneously usedfor bunka-ryoiki

culture content

pattern of culture

culture area

culture layer (as deposit)

cultural assets or properties

civilization;civilized society

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8

54 bunpii?t1ff

55 bunpii-ken511'1:ifiil

56 buredo~;/ 1/1 F

57 buredo-fureku7"L/11"'7L/1~

58 byurant." ~:7 Y~U7J

59 chashi (kot[su])7-fi/ (::J~)

60 chausu-yama~8tll

61 chika-bo:bfH-r~

62 chika-shiki-ko:bfH-rJ:t#Ji

63 chika-shiki­yokoana

:LmTj:\:*~/~ seechika-shiki-ko

64 chika-shiki­yokoana-shiki­

sekishitsu11H-ri-t:t:l1{s:\:~ ~

65 chikkanmon¥J~;X

66 chinmon seetX-X chinsen

67 chinpinrt£

68 chinsentX*J~

69 chippingu7- ';J t:0

/' ~"

70 (sekifu no) chobu( ~1¥CD ) ~gi)

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Verbreitung

Verbreitungsgebiet

Schmalklinge (lang-schmal­er Abschlag mit mindestensdrei Abschlagnegativen aufder Dorsalseite und ein biszwei Arbeitskanten)

Klingenabschlag

Burin;Stichel

cerhohte Befestigungsanlage(der Ainu) in Nordjapan

volkstumliche Bezeichnungfur ein rundes Kofun, oderein Schlusselloch-Kofunmit kurzem Vorbau

Flachgrab

Schachtnische;Kurzstollen (zur Aufnahmeeiner Bestattung)

Schachtnischen (grab)­kammer;Kurzstollen-(Grab-)Kammer

mit Bambusstabchenhergestelltes Muster

seltenes Fundstuck

Rillen (verzierung)

(Fein-) Retusche;Randretusche

Nacken (eines Steinbeils)

distribution

range, area, of distribution

blade (oblong slice struckoff a nucleus with at leastthree flake scars on thedorsal side and one or twoworking edges)

blade flake

burin;graver

fortified place (of the Ainu)in North Japan

popular name for a roundor keyhole-type kofun withtruncated wing

subterranean burial;flat grave

pit-cave;subterranean niche;shaft-niche (for burial)

pit-cave burial chamber;subterranean niche burialchamber;shaft burial chamber

bamboo stick impressions

any rare object or find

grooved (ornament) ;grooves

chipping

butt (of a stone axe or adze)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 9

71 choji-gashiraT-rE~

72 chojigata-koenl_A:q~% tJ *~

73 choki

74 chokoku-kiID5J~Ij~

==sukurepa7S chokko

i1[CJ76 chokkomon

n[~X

77 chokusen-zokui1[~1i

78 chona=.P# ' &Fr:

79 choppa7-3 ')'./~-

80 choppingu-touru7-3')'1::°>,,:;· r?

-}l/

81 chosei~~

82 [hi]chosei-damen(~)~~rr1ffi

83 chosei-hakuri~rl5I<lj~t

84 chosei-guID5Jrl~

8S [hi] chosei-sekkoku(~)ID5J~::Ei~

86 Chosen-doki~Af!.#±~

87 choshi-zuka~J~:I·l~

88 chotoJlll37J

Kopf eines Magatama miteiner Bohrung und von ihrausgehenden RadialrillenQuetschrand;Schienenkopfrand(Mundsaum)Stichel

seltener Ausdruck furSchaber

gerade aufsteigenderMundsaumchokko-Verzierung (ein fUrdie Kofun-Zeit Japans char­akteristisches Muster; eineKombination von geradenund bogenformigen Linien)

querschneidige Pfeilspitze

Dechsel;Dachsel;Querbeil

chopper, 'Spalter';'Haumesser'

chopping-tool'Haugerat'

Zurichtung

(nicht)zugerichteteSchlagplattform

Zurichtung

Retuschierwerkzeug;Retuschiergerat

(nicht)zugerichteterNukleus

Koreanische I{eramik (alterAusdruck zur Bezeichnungeines Teiles der Iwaibe-,d.h. Sue-Keramik)

'Sakeflaschen-Hiigel' ;volkstumliche Bezeichnungfur ein Schlusselloch-Kofunmit langem und niedrigemVorbau

Stichel

head, i.e. upper part, of amagatama with grooves ra­diating from the perforation

flanged rim;flange lip;rail-head rimgraver

rarely used expression forscraper

plain rim on a straight wall

chokko design or motif(particular design in KofunPeriod; intersecting dia­gonal and curved lines)

transverse arrowhead

adze

chopper;hand-adze

chopping-tool

fashioning; shaping;preparing

(un)faceted strikingplatform

controlled flaking,chipping, trimming

fabricatorretouching tool

(un)prepared core

Korean pottery (0 bsoleteexpression for one kind ofIwaibe, i.e. Sue pottery)

mound shaped like a sakebottle: popular name for akeyhole-type kofun withlong, low wing

graver

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10

89 chc3tc3-kokumen~]31J tlJ TIll

90 chc3tsugai-hakuri~~1f3J~Uf1Jlli

91 chozoyo no doki~TiXmO)±~

92 chiien-soho-funrppj~jj±1l

93 chiijo-kataha­sekifu

ttitkJ=tJJE1f;

94 chiikan-dokirprs'±~

95 chiikirpM

96 chiiko(-doki)ffCI±~

97 chiikii-dobanrp&;±Jl&

98 chiisekisei1f:tfli!±

99 chiisekki-jidair=P~~Mf~

100 daen-oshigata-mon~~Fl1~~X see

kokuryii-mon101 daenjo-hando-

il1ff F1 itk [akkusu/'\ /' F"7 '.,'l '!J :A

102 dahaku}1~1j

103 daibun*5t

104 daiichikei-masei­sekifu

~--A~~~E~see nyiibojo-sekifu

105 daiishi-giho-E1~~t!

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Stichelfacetten

a) Steil-, Stufenretuschie­rung

b) Stichelschlag

VorratsgeHiB

Abart des Zenpo-koen-fun:Kofun mit rundem Mittel­teil und zwei einandergegenuberliegenden, geradeabgeschnittenen Buhnen;Doppelbuhnen-Kofun

a) dicknackiges geschlif­fenes Vierkantbeil mitschmalen Bahnen

b) manchmal fur ishinomiverwendet

Zwischenkeramik (alterAusdruck fur Yayoi)

Mittel-, mittIeres(chronologisch)

AusguB(gefaB)

hohle Tonkapsel (aus demPintadera entwicke1t?)

Alluvium

Mesolithikum

D

ovaler Biface

Abschlagen

Grobgliederung;Hauptgliederung

AmboBtechnik

8, 1964

facets of a graver

a) hinge fracture

b) graver blow

storage vessel

variety of the zenpo-koen­fun: kofun with roundcentral knoll and twoopposite wings;double-winged kofun

a) quandrangular polishedstone adze with narrowfaces and thick butt

b) sometimes used insteadof ishinomi

Intermediate Pottery(obsolete expression forYayoi pottery)

middle (referring to chron­ology)

spout(ed vessel)

pillow plaque (developedfrom the Pintadera?)

alluvial epoch

mesolithic age

. ovate form of hand axe orbiface

flaking

main division

anvil technique

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

106 dainikei-masei­sekifu

~=~~~E*see teikaku-shiki-

masei-sekifu

107 daisankei-masei­sekifu

~~~~!lE1Fsee futogata-masei-

sekifu

II

108 (dai) sekihoC*)1J'iM

109 daitaikotsu-monyo*IN!~j(;ff

110 daitsuki (doki)ir#(±~)

111 daketsu-sekki3T?z1J~

112 dakiishi-sof§1J~

113 damen3Trm

114 dan~

115 danshieTMr

116 daryii3T~

117 daryii-kon3T~1R:

118 dasei3T~

119 denpa1~fi

120 depo:rM--

121 disuku:r1:A:J

122 do (bu)JJJ($)

123 doba±J~~

Tisch-Dolmen

Schraubenschltissel­ornamentFuB... ,. . . mit StandfuB(Rohe des StandfuBesgeringer als die des eigentli­chen GefaBes); vergl.takatsuki

Chopper, Chopping tool

Korperbestattung mit Stein­beschwerungSchlagplattform

a) Umbruchb) Innenkantung

Zahnfeilung (eine Methodeder ktinstlichen Zahnver­stiimmelung)

Bulbus;Schlagbuckel (siehe auch:uchikobu)

Bulbusnegativ

zugeschlagen (e [r, s])

Diffusion (von Kultur­elementen, etc.)

Depot (funde)

Scheiben-Biface

Bauch (cines GefaBes)

Tonpferdchen;pferde-Raniwa

table dolmen

wrench-shaped pattern

footed (vessel); (height ofthe foot less than height ofthe vessel itself) ;cf. takatsuki

chopper, chopping tool

burial with corpse weighteddown by heavy stone(s)striking platform

a) breakb) internal ridge

filing of teeth (one method oftooth mutilation)

bulb of percussion (see also:uchikobu)

negative bulb

chipped

diffusion(of culture elements, etc.)

depot, hoard

disc, discoid biface

belly (of a vessel)

horse-shaped clay figurinehorse-type hani"va

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12

124 doban±JlJi

125 dobingata-doki±*1iJ~±~

126 dc3boko

~*

127 dobutsu-dogiiJ1J¥1±{~

128 dobutsu-haniwa1JJ~:f:I1!~

129 dobutsu-isho1b¥1:itlfr

130 dobutsusei-ibutsuiJJ fJ Jt1:3JlfJ

131 dobutsu-totteihfJfEI:¥

132 docho±ri

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

TonHifelchen;Tonschildchen;Tonplakettetonerne AusguBflasche

Bronze-Stichwaffe mitSchafttiille ;Bronze-SpieBoder -Lanzen­spitze

theriomorphe Tonfiguroder Tonstatuette

theriomorphe Haniwa

durchbrochene Metall­SchmuckbeschHige oderZierplatten im Tierstil

Gegenstande aus tierischemMaterial als Fundobjekte

theriomorpher Henkel

(Erd-)Hugelgrab ;(Gegensatz zu sekicho)

clay tablet;clay plaque

earthenware flask (a kind ofpouring vessel)

socketed thrusting weaponof bronze;socketed bronze pike orspearhead

zoomorphic figurine in clay

zoomorphic haniwa

metal panels with animal­style decoration carried outin openwork technique

objects or artifacts made oforganic (animal) substance

zoomorphic handle or lug

mound of earth over a grave;burial mound (in contra­distinction to sekicho), gravemound

141 dokko-ishiJU~E

133 dofun±:l;t

134 dogii±{~

135 dohanIPlm

136 doka1

1Pl1t137 doka2

~J<:

138 doken~~tl

139 doki-jidaim~~f\i

140 doki-zuka±~~

see docho

Tonstatuette

aus derselben Werkstattstammend (z.B. Bronze­objekt)

Assimilation;Angleichung

Bronze-Hackdolch ;-Stabdolch, mit Plattangel

bronzene Stichwaffe mitGriffangel und doppel­schneidigem Blatt

Kupferzeit

Keramikhaufen: alte Bezei­chnung aus der Meijizeitfur einen gewohnlichenFundplatz (d.h. nicht Mu­schelhaufen)

'Steinknebel' mit Einschnu­rung im Mittelteil (Funktionnoch unbekannt)

clay figurine

from the same manufac­turing centre (e.g. bronzeobject)

assimilation

short-tanged bronze pick­dagger or halberd

bronze thrusting weaponwith tang and double-edgedblade

Copper Age

'pottery mound': term usedin Meiji era, to designate anon-shellmound site

dokko-stone: stone bar withconstricted middle section(function still unknown)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 13

142 dokoiiJ~

143 do-kushiroifiUjJII

144 dokutsu-iseki1fRJJm~fit]\

145 dokutsu-riyo..isekiifRjJii 5F1J ffl31 i!]j\ see

dokutsu-iseki146 dokutsu-jiikyo

7frUJii1.1J8 seedokutsu-iseki

147 domen±OO

148 dorei±~

149 dorumenF )1/ ;l /"

150 dosei-mimikazari±~:Erjffi

151 dosei-mozo-hin±~~~g

152 dosei-shaku±~t~

153 dosekki-jidai~1:l~IWf~

154 doshinen-monfRl}~\P1X

155 doshinen-komonfRl}~\Fl~X see

jiikomon

156 dosui±~

157 dotakuiFnJ~J{l

158 do-zokuiFnJ~

159 eboshigata-ishiJ~$NT%1:l

Bronzetrommel

Bronzearmreif

Hohlenstation

Tonmaske

Tonrassel

a) Dolmenb) manchmal Hilschlich fur

kumiawase-shiki-sekkan

Ohrschmuck aus Ton

Tonimitationen verschie­dener Objekte, als Grab­beigaben verwendet

Tonloffel

Kupfersteinzeit

konzentrisches Kreisorna­ment

Tongewicht;Tonbeschwerer

Dotaku ('Bronzeglocke')

bronzene Pfeilspitze

EEboshi-formiger steinernerStutzfuB fur GefaBe (Eboshi:Kopfbedeckung des Hof­adels, der Shinto-Priester,etc.)

bronze drum

bronze bracelet

cave site

clay mask

clay rattle

a) dolmenb) sometimes erroneously

used for kumiawase­shiki-sekkan

clay ear-ornaments

clay replicas of various 0 b­jects used as grave goods

pottery ladle or spoon

Copper-Stone-Age

concentric circles

clay weight

dotaku ('bronze bell')

bronze arrowhead

foot-like vessel supportmade of an eboshi-shapedstone (eboshi: headgear wornby nobles in court dress,Shinto priests, etc.)

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160 eboshigata-sekki1~$'iT%E~

161 eikanteki na ibutsu~~l3st~3itf?1

162 eguriR9

163 eguriiri-sekifuRJ\E~see ketsunyii-sekifu

164 egurinuki-shiki­sekkan

~UW~Emsee kurinuki-shiki-

sekkan165 ekagami

m~

166 ekagami-shiki-m~~~~Jjt (kofun

167 ekagami-zuka seem~:f:* ekagami-

shiki-kofun168 ekkusu-jo-mon

X~5t

169 ekubo-mon~ <vcf5t

170 enban-haritsuke-jono hirasoko

Pi~~61t vt~ CO zp.Jlf171 endo

mm:

172 endo-bomm:Ji

173 endo-sukurepi:r- y F · .A :; l/ -1 /~-

174 engai-bo seeF9ifJi torosu

175 enkeifu-monF1%#5t

176 enkei-morigashira~%~Sl~

177 enkei-sekisoFl%Eti

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Eboshi-formiges Steinobjekt(je eine Aushohlung amBoden und an der Vorder­seite mit verbindenderBohrung)Schliisselobjekt

Kerbe bei Werkzeugen,Waffen, etc. ; daher auchz. B. Italische Kerbe

Bronzespiegel mit langemStielgriffKofun mit langgestrecktemVorbau (Biihne), an dieForm des ekagami erinnernd

X-formige Verzierung;X-MotivTiefstichverzierung;'Griibchenornamentik'Bodenplatte eines GeHiBes;plattenformige StandfHiche

Zugang zu einer Grab­kammer;'Dromos'

Ganggrab

Klingenschaber mit Endre­tusche;Endschaber

(Ton-) Knoppernverzierung(Yayoi-Keramik)

gefliigelte Harpunenspitze

Diskusschaber

eboshi-shaped stone objectwith sunken concave bottomand frontsides, perforatedtogether

indicative object;indicative find

nicknotch

bronze mirror with long bar­shaped handlekofun with extended wing,in shape similar to anekagami

X-pattern;X-shaped ornamentpitted pottery;dimpled potterydisc base applied to thevessel

corridor in a kofun;passage way, dromos

corridor tomb

end scraper

small clay-knob ornament(Yayoi pottery)

toggle-head harpoon withswallowtail barbs

disc(-shaped) scraper

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

178 enmoku~§

179 enmon~F~

180 enpunR:f?t

181 Enshii-shiki-sekifu~1'1"1~:E"~ see

nyiibojo-sekifu182 ensotsuki-tsubo­

gata-dokiF9rB#~%±~

183 (han)ensuikei­sekkaku

(*)F9_%:E"~

184 Ento-dokiP1mi±~

185 ento-haniwaFlmiJffi_

186 ento-kanP1~tg see

hanisei-ento-kan187 entokei-doki

F1~%±~

188 entokei-sekkakuf+1mi%E"ft

189 ento-sekifuf9mi:E"J$ see

tenshikei-sekifu190 entotsui-daho

F1mi~tJ1!

191 eorisu::I:;t9.:A

192 eridomemll:

193 Esu-ji-monS~)t

194 Ezo-ana see!I!fX~1C yokoana,

yokana-shiki­sekishitsu

195 -fiim

Mattenmuster

Eingang zum Korridor einerGrabkammer im Kofun

runder Grabhtigel

(Flasche, Topf, etc.)mit Saugloch

(halb)konischer Nukleus

Ento-Keramik (Gruppe inNordjapan und Hokkaido)Zylinder-Haniwa;Rohren-Haniwa

zylindrisches GefaB

zylindrischer Nukleus

Zylinderhammer-Technik

Eolith

Fibel

S-formige Verzierung

Fein bestimmtes Geprage,diese und jene Merkmale,zeigend

mat impressions

entrance to the corridor orpassage way leading to themain burial chamber in akofuncircular burial mound,similar to a bowl barrow

vessel with intentionalperforation in the wall

(semi)conical core

Ento pottery (group inNorth Japan and Hokkaido)cylindrical haniwa;cylinder-shaped haniwa

cylindrical vessel

cylindrical core

cylinder-hammer technique

eolith

fibula

S-like design

-style;-type

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16

196 fiido!1±

197 fiido-fun see!1±Jldofun, docho

198 fuga-soM~~

199 fukabachia~

200 fukiishiltE

201 fukugoenfJl~*~

202 fukumen-dogii._OO±fM

203 fukurobo~f,1

204 fukusen-yamagata-fJl*~J1l%"5<:. [mon

205 fukushitsufJl~

206 fukusohinMU~g

207 fumon#"5<:.

208 funagata-sekkanf1t%Em

209 funaso see*~ shiiso

210 funazoko-gata­*Jre%J:i~ [sekki

211 funbo:L1t~

212 funcho:tJl~

213 fundogata­doseihin

jt~%±~d1

214 fundogata-sekifu5t~%E1¥

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

kunstlicher Erdhugel;Erdaufschuttung

Bestattung in Bauchlage

tiefe Schale;konischer TopfSteinpflasterung auf demHang eines KofunNahtstelle

Maskenstatuette;Tonstatuette mit aufgesetz­ter MaskeTulle

Doppellinien-Zickzack

Zusatzkammern im Kofun

Grabbeigaben

plastische Kurvilinearver­zierung durch aufgetrageneTonbanderbootformiger Steinsarg

'Kahnschaber' :a) eine Art Kielschaber in

Nordjapanb) siehe: Shirataki-gata­

Junazoko-sekki

a) Hugelgrabb) Grab schlechthin

Grabtumulus

eingeschnurte Tonscheibe

geigenformiges Steinbeil;zugeschlagene Hacke mitHuft-oder Halseinziehung

entirely or partly artificialelevation of earth;a mound

burial in face-down posture

deep bowl of any size;potpaving stones on the slope ofa kofunseam

figurine with mask

socket

double-line zig-zag pattern

additional compartments(in a burial chamber)grave goods;funerary objectscurvilinear raised ornament

boat-shaped stone coffin

boat-shaped stone imple­ment:a) a kind of keeled scraper

in North Japanb) see: Shirataki-gata­

Junazoko-sekkia) burial tumulus,mounded

graveb) also generally: grave

grave tumulus

segmented, disc-shaped claytablet

violin-shaped, panduratestone axe or adze;chipped axe or adze withnarrow waist or neck

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

215 funkyii seeill.Ii fiido-fun

216 funro:l:l~

217 fureku see'7 V 1 ~ hakuhen

218 furinto'7 ~ :/ } · ~~li

219 fuseikei-sekkaku~!l%:fift

220 fusen-amijo-monr¥*~~~)(

221 fusen-monr-f*~~

222 futago-zuka seeJ)(r~ soenfun

223 futogata-hama­guriba-sekifu

;t~~J]~*

224 futogata-masei­sekifu

:t:%~~~*

groBer Grabhugel

Flint;FeuersteinunregelmaBiger (Rest-)Nukleus

plastische Tonleisten­gitterung

Tonleistchenverzierung

stumpfnackiges Steinbeilmit Hamaguri-Schneide

schweres Linsenbeil mitHamaguri-Schneide

G

large burial mound;grave mound

flint

irregular core

lattice pattern of appliedclay ribs;lattice-work cordoningraised design;cordoned design

axe with thick butt andclam-shaped edge

heavy polished stone axewith lenticular section andclam-shaped edge

225 gafu7f*

226 gagii7f1~

227 gaigo-resseki7tgf37U~

228 gaihan~~

229 gaikei~1tJi

230 ga-i~{lz:

231 gaitei-nendai~RJE$~

232 ganban~~

233 gangii~{lJg

234 gankomt~

see ko

Beilchen aus Eberhauer mitoder ohne ZwischenfutterStatuette aus Zahnbein(z.B. StoBzahn einesSeesaugers)Stiitzsteine am Rande einesHiigelgrabesausgeweitet(er Mundsaum)

trichterformig angesetzt(erMundsaum)liegende SteHung(Bestattungsform)annahernde Datierung

Steinstempel;Steinplakette;Ornamentplattchen ausSteinSteinstatuette

tusk adze hafted with orwithout sleevestatue or figurine made of asea mammal's tusk

buttress stones surroundinga kofunflaring (rim, mouth)

funnel-shaped, set-off (rim)

lying position (burial)

approximate date

stone tablet

stone figurine

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18

235 ganmen-doki~OO±~

236 ganmen-totteMOOtB~

237 ganpeki-ga~mlE

238 gasei-magatama;f~1;jI

239 gasei-udewa~!JtJM~

240 gasso~~

241 ga-zoku~~

242 geimen-dogii~At1if±1~

243 geki~

244 gekkeijuyokei­pointo

fj ~~M~%M1 :Y }

245 gen-jomonJJj{*'I)t

246 gensekki see eorisuJJj{1:l~

247 genshi-jidaiJJji5t~~

248 genshi-jomon-dokiJJj{~*,IX±~

249 genshitsu3Z~

250 giji-jomon~{W*,I)t

251 giryiisui-mon~iJlt7J<)t

252 goseki see~1:l gaigo-resseki

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

GesichtsgeHiB

Maskengriff

Felsbild

magatama (Krummperlen)aus ZahnenArmband aus(Wildschwein) Hauerna) Doppelbestattungb) Bestattung mehrerer

PersonenPfeilspitzen aus1'ierzahnenTonstatuette mit Imitationeiner Gesichtstatowierungchinesische Hellebarde mit(getrennt angesetzter)Spitze und RiickendornLorbeerblattspitze

Proto-Jomon

Friihgeschichte: Zeit zwis­chen Urgeschichte (Boden­fundforschung) und Ge­schichte (schriftliche Eigen­iiberlieferung, historischeArchaologie) mit dem Beginnin der Yayoizeit (Kultursub­strat) und dem Haupt­gewicht auf cler KafunZeit (Herausbildung desjapanischen Staates)alte Bezeichnung des TypusUnteres Kitashiraka,va(Friihjomon)Haupt(grab)kammer

Pseudo-Jomonverzierung(durch Muschelrandab­driicke oder dergl. erzielt)Pseudo-Maander

vessel decorated withone or more maskshandle in the form of a maskor with mask application

rock picture;parietal drawingcomma-shaped tooth bead

bracelet made from boar'stuska) joint burialb) collective burials

tusk or tooth arrowhead

clay figurine with simulatedtattooing on the faceChinese halberd with (sepa­rately attached) pointed headand rear beakpoint of a laurel leaf

proto-Jomon

Protohistoric Period: Inter­mediate period between pre­historic age and the age ofrecorded history, beginningin Yayoi age (cultural subs­tratum) and having its mainemphasis on Kofun Period(constitution of the JapaneseState)

obsolete name for the LowerKitashirakawa pottery(early Jomon)main (burial) chamber

pseudo-Jomon impressionsproduced with shell imprintsor the likepseudo-meander

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

253 guratoa:;"71'7

254 gureva~fl/1r:l7-

255 gyobutsu-sekkirnu~:ti~

256 gyoga-so1rpgtA~

257 gyoku-fu35.1$

258 hachi~

259 hachi-no-su-ishi9!$~1=i

260 hadaeML

261 hagoitagata­sekishitsu

~~~%:ti~see ryosodegata-

sekishitsu262 haiseki-iko

WB"E3!r#263 hajo-mon

¥Bl#J\3t264 hajo-koen

¥Bl#J\tJ~

265 hakeme-monfriJU=§§3t

266 hakka-seki~*E see

hachi-no-su-ishi267 hakkutsu

~iftH

268 hakkutsu-ko~mi#

Klingenschaber, grattoir

Stichel

geschliffener und verzierter,in der Mitte einseitigeingeschnlirter Steinbarrenmit einem zugespitzten Ende(Funktion unbekannt)

Bestattung in Riickenlage

beilformiger Schmuck­anhanger

HSchale (tiefer als Teller,Durchmesser weiter alsHohe)Griibchenstein(Stein mit mehreren kleinenEindellungen; als Wider­lager flir Feuerbohrer oderdergl. verwendet?)GefaBoberflache

Steinsetzung jeder Art

Wellenlinienverzierung;Wellenbandgelappter Mundsaum

Besenstrich (muster)

Ausgrabung

Graben

grattoir

graver

polished stone bar withcarved decoration, having adepression on one side ofthe middle section andtapered butt-end (functionor usage unknown)burial of corpse lying on itsbackaxe-shaped pendant

bowl broader than it is high

dimpled stone (i.e. withseveral irregularly arrangedpits; used as an abutmentfor the fire-drill or the like?)

surface (of a vessel)

any kind of stone arrange­mentwave-like ornament

lobed rim

ornament looking as ifscraped with a brush

excavation

trench

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20

269 hako-shiki-sekkan$§A~ffi see

kumiawase­shiki-sekkan

270 hakuhen~UJ=1

271 hakuhen-hakurig~1j J=1~UjI1t

272 hakuhen-sekki~dJJ=1E~

273 hakuri~~Ij~

274 hakuri-kakuff~ljl1JtjFj

275 hakuri-konfklJfiI1f~

276 hakuri-men{klJliJft-1i\

277 hakuso

-~278 hamaguri-ba~JJ

279 hando.azuf, Y f · 7 :A~ see

choppa280 hando.akkusu

/' Y f · 7 '/ ~ A

281 hando.doriru/, Y f · f 9)1,/ see

ishikiri

282 hanisei-ento-kan~ll~f9~m

283 hanisei-makura*it~tt

284 haniwa~t~

285 haniwa-dogii~1t~±{~ see

jinbutsu-haniwa

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Abschlag

(freies) Abschlagen inFlachretuschtechnikAbschlaggerat

a) Abschlagenb) Zurichtung

Winkel zwischenSchlagplattform undVentralseite

Abschlagnegativ

Ventralseite eines Abschlagsoder einer Klinge;Bulbusflache

Beisetzung und Bestattungmit geringem Aufwand

parabolisch geschliffeneSchneidenflache einesSteinbeils (einer Steinaxt)

('Hackbeil')

Faustkeil

groBer Tonzylindersarg(Einzelstiick oder zwei anden Miindungen zusammen­gesteckt)

Kopfauflage aus Ton(fur den Leichnam im Sarg)

Sammelname fur alle ge­brannten Rohtonobjekte, dieurn ein Kofun herum, man­chmal auch auf demselben,in einer Reihe, oder in meh­reren Reihen gestaffelt, auf­gestellt sind

flake

free flaking;feather-edge flaking

flake tool

flaking

angle between striking plat­form and main flake surface

flake scar

main flake surface of a flakeor blade

plain burial

parabolically-ground edge(s)of a stone axe or adze;clam-shaped edge

(hand-adze)

hand-axe

cylinder-shaped large claycoffin (single, or two mouthto mouth)

clay head-rest (in the coffin)

collective term for the un­glazed baked clay objectsplaced in one or more rowsaround, or on the slopes of,a kofun

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 21

286 haniwa-ento-kan±@JfilfHF1~rg

287 haniwa-entokei­jil~F1mi%rg [kan

288 haniwa-jinbutsu-zo~1i~A4t1~ see

jinbutsu-haniwa289 haniwa-kan see

±@J¥6fltg- haniwa-ento-keikan

290 hanniku-bori*f3§~

291 hansai-chikkan-*~¥J~;X: [mon

292 hanshutsu-ibutsuff tl13Atft4 see

kyozon-ibutsu

293 hari~~

294 hasen~*~

295 hashira(-no-)anatt1C

296 ha-tsubushiJJ1jtt-,

297 heichi-jiikyo(shi)L¥-:lll!{3:J5" ( ±.J1: )

298 heiko-joko-kenL¥-rr~ i#AAU

299 heiretsu-hakuri~JIj5I<Ul1l

300 heitan-chotozp.:tIl~JJ

301 heitan na koenzp.:tIl ter [] *~

302 hekiga~it

303 hennen*14

Haniwa-Sarg(d.h. einZylin­der-Haniwa wird direkt alsSarg verwendet)

Tonsarg in Form einerZylinder-Haniwa­Nachahmung

Ausschneiden (von Ton­masse aus der GefaBober­flache etc. zur Verzierung)

Doppelstrichverzierung;Parallelstrichverzierung

Einziehung

Wellenlinie

Pfostenloch

Abstumpfen (des Klingen­rlickens)

oberirdischer Wohnplatz

Stichwaffe (Dolch) mitLangskehlungen parallel zurMittelrippe

Serienabschlag (technik)

a) flacher(Klingen-) Stichelb) Kantenschlagstichel

gerader, gerade abgeschnit­tener, Mundsaum

Wandmalerei

zeitliche Abfolge; relativeStellungder Kulturerschein­ungen zueinander, im Sinneder relativen Chronologie;relativchronologischeDatierung

haniwa coffin (i.e. a cylind­rical haniwa used as coffin)

large clay coffin in the formof a cylindrical haniwa

carving, excising (techniqueof decorating the surface ofa vessel, etc.)

split bamboo impressions;double prong incisions

constriction

wave line

post hole

blunting (the back ofa blade)

surface dwelling (site)

thrusting weapon (dagger)with longitudinal channelson the blade beside themidrib

ripple chipping;serial flaking

flat graver

straight, horizontal rim

wall painting;parietal painting

chronological sequence,succession;subsequent, successive posi­tion of culture elements

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22

304 henpei-kataha­sekifu

~ZPJtJJE*

305 henryc3kei-sekki~~%1:i~

306 heragaki-monmnit~

307 herajo-mokki seem~*~ herajo-

mokusei-hin308 herajo-moku(sei)­

hinfg~*(~)£

309 herajo-sekki seem~b~ ishibera

310 heramem§

311 hera-okoshifg&

312 hifj

313 hikc3 (shita kc3en)ne[!Jf

314 himosen-mon*-H:*v~X

315 hirabuchizp.*~

316 hiradama2p3i

317 hiragata-dokenZP%%lJ~1j

318 hiranezP~~

319 hirazoko2p~

320 hirosaki-doboko~f4iji]~

321 hirosaki-doka~f4iji]x

322 hisagogata-dokim*±~

323 hisagogata-funm~J1{

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Flachbeil

Rhomboid (Mikrolith)

Spatelverzierung;Spatelornament

schwertklingenformigesHolzinstrument(Funktion unbekannt)

Spatelstreichspuren

Technik des Gestaltens derKeramik mit einem Spatel

Hohlkehle (auf einer Klinge)

Verdickung(des GefaBmundsaums)

Tonleistenverzierung;Tonrippenverzierung

Flachrand(eines Bronzespiegels)

(elliptische) Flachperle mitLangsdurchbohrung

flache Bronzeklinge mit zweiseitlichen Armchen und ru­dimentarer Schaftangel:degenerierte Mischform mitElementen des doken unddoboko

friihgeschichtliche eisernePfeilspitze mit flachem Blatt

Flachboden (eines GefaBes)

doboko mit breitem Blatt;breite Tiillenspitze

Bronze-Stabdolch,-Hackdolch mit breitemBlatt

kiirbisformige Tonflasche

kUrbisformiges Kofun

flat adze

rhomboid (microlith)

spatula engraved designspatula scraping ornament

wooden instrument in theshape of a sword blade(function unknown)

spatula scraping marks

technique of shaping potteryby means of a spatula

channel (on a blade);longitudinal fluting

thick(ened rim);heavy, bulky (rim of a vessel)

clay ribbon (ornament);clay ridges

plane border(of a bronze mirror)

(elliptic) flat bead withlongi­tudinal perforation

thin bronze blade with twolateral projections and rudi­mentary tang: degeneratehybrid between doken anddoboko

iron arrowhead with thinblade (protohistoric)

flat base (of a vessel)

doboko with wide blade

bronze halberd, pick-dagger,with wide blade

gourd-shaped vessel

gourd-shaped kofun

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

324 hisago-zuka seeU- ~ c.~ f~ soenpun

325 hoado*7-1'"

326 hocho@7J

327 hodan-kei1@5~%

328 hodo see fiido11±

329 hodo-fun see11±:i1t fiido-fun

330 hofun1JJ1t

331 hohakufm$ftU

332 hojo-mimikazari~~~jm

333 hokajo-funbo see!l!$~~:f1tI torosu

334 hokaku-kiku-mon­)j1~tJ!m)tW~ [kyo

335 hokaku-oshigata-1J1~~%)t [mon

336 hokaku-sekifu1J~1:i*

337 hoka-seki!R$7i1:i see

hachi-no-su-ishi

338 hokei-doki1J%±a

339 hokoi$'~

340 honeberaI~~

341 honegiri1f~

342 honegushi)~ifmj

343 hone-kuwa1f~

344 honemori~~

Depot

'Erntemesser'(aus l\1uschelschale)

cler gebauchte Konus

viereckiges Kofun(mit Plattform)

Retusche

Ohrpflock

(Bienenkorbgewolbe-Grab)

TLV-Spiegel(Bronzespiegelmit winkeligen Motiven wiedie Buchstaben T, Lund V,die urn ein zentrales Quadratherum angeordnet sind)

Vierecks-Rollmuster

Vierkantbeil

Vierkantbecher;Vierkantschale

SpieB- oder Lanzenspitzemit Schafttiille

Knochenspatel

I{nochenahle ;Bohrer aus Knochen

Knochenkamm

Knochenhaue

Knochenharpune

hoard

knife made of shell, reaper

bulging conical (vessel)

(terraced) square-plan kofun

retouch

ear-peg or plug

(beehive tomb)

TLV-mirror (bronze mir­ror with pattern consistingof angular figures like theletters T, L and V, arrangedaround a centrally placedsquare)

rectangular cell rouletting

quadrangular adze or axe

square cup

socketed pike- or spearhead

bone spatula

bone gimlet

bone comb

bone hoe

bone harpoon

Page 26: ASIAN PERSPECTIVES...Vol. VIII(ii) in Hong Kong $35; in the U.S.A. $6.50; in Europe and the Commonwealth Nations (excepting Canada) £2-5 Separate copies ofVol. VIII(ii) Japanese Archceological

345 horinuki-shiki­~fj{s:tEtg [sekkan

see kurinuki­shiki-sekkan

346 hosakif,!1G

347 hoshajo-rekkon:fjJCtJt~~~

348 hoshasei-tanso­nendai-sokutei

1&Mjt~~1fg$t\iiftUJE

349 hoshii see hohakufm{~

350 hosogata-doken~%~~Ij

351 hosogata­kudatama

*W%~3S.

352 hotategai-shiki­zenpo-koenfun

~Vtft.§. s:twIn1&f9 :f;Jt

353 hyodo~±

354 hyoga-jidaioj< iiiJ~t\i

355 hyojun-ibutsu~$31~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

(Klingen-)Spitze

radiale ReiBspuren;Radialfissuren

Radiokarbondatierung

doken mit schmalem Blatt;schlanker Griffangeldolch

sehr enge Rohrenperle

Kofun mit kurzem Vorbau(kurzer Biihne)

oberfHichenmaterial

Eiszeit

1) Keramik:Modell-Keramik,Exemplar-Keramik:keramisches Fundmate­rial, das ohne Riicksichtauf durchfiihrbare Fein­gliederung die Gesamt­gattung reprasentiertund vielfach nach demersten oder dem jeweilsreprasentativsten Fund­platz benannt ist (z.B.Yayoi-, Yangshao-,Lungshan-Keramik)

2) Lithische Industrie,M etallobjekte, etc.:Leitobjekt,Leitfund:Fundmaterial, das ty­penmaBig, zeitlich undkulturell dem einer Ty­penstation eindeutig andie Seite gesteUt werdenkann

point (of a blade)

radial shatter-fissures

radiocarbon dating

d6ken with narrow blade;tanged bronze dagger withslender blade

very narrow tubular bead

kofun with truncated wing;scallop-shaped kofun

top soil

Ice Age;glacial epoch

1) pottery:model pottery,sample pottery:pottery sample substan­tially exemplifying thewhole of its kind withoutrespect to subdivisions(such as types, etc.); inmany cases named afterthe site of discovery orthe site yielding mostcharacteristic specimens(e.g. Yayoj-, Yangshao-,Lungshan-pottery)

2) pre-ceramic industries,metal objects, etc.:guide object:a find corresponding byits typology and chrono­logical and cultural posi­tion to a specific typeobject

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

356 hyojun-iseki~~5I~

357 hyoki;/J<M

358 hyomen-saishii*rm1*~

359 hyoshiki-ibutsu~~3!4fJ

360 hyoshiki-iseki~~~~

361 ibojo-(ko) tokkitt~ ( /J\ ) ~JEQ

a) Modellstation:jener Fundplatz, derdurch seine Lage undBeschaffenheit sowiedurch den Umfang sei­nes Fundmaterials den(Gesamt-)Habitus derbetreffenden Kultur amdeutlichsten erkennenHiBt (z.B. Karako, Toroftir Yayoi)

b) Musterstation:Fundplatz, der als Fund­material sog. hyojun­ibutsu 1) oder 2) ergibt(Keine einheitliche Auf­fassung in der japani­schen Fachwelt)

Glazial

Aufsammeln von Ober­flachenfunden

1) Keramik:Typus:eine keramische For­mengemeinschaft, die alsSubordnung einer Kera­mikgattung eine formal,lokal und zeitlich be­grenzte Auspragung,einen Typus, derselbenreprasentiert

2) lithische Industrie,M etallobjekte, etc.:Typenobjekt:eine in Form, raumlicherVerbreitung und zeitli­cher Stellung klar be­stimmbare Type, an diegleiche Funde von an­deren Fundplatzen zurBestimmung angeschlos­sen werden k6nnen

Typenstation, d.h. Fund­platz, der sog. hyoshiki­ibutsu ergibt

I(kleine) Knubben

a) standard site:a site which gives, incomparison to others,the best understandingof the total culture inquestion by its location,outer appearance, innerstructure and the scopeof the material yielded(e.g. for Yayoi: the Ka­rako and Toro sites)

b) model site, sample site:a site yielding hyojun­ibutsu 1) or 2)(No agreement amongJapanese scholars)

glacial

collecting (prehistoric) ma­terial from the soil surface;surface find

1) pottery:type pottery:a pottery type clearlydistinguishable fromothers by shape, localdistribution and chrono­logical position, forminga subdivision within alarger unit

2) pre-ceramic industries,metal objects, etc.:type object:a find or object recogniz­ed as a normal type withspecific shape, local dis­tribution and chronolo­gical position, used forascertaining the natureand position of similarfinds from other sites

type site or station, i.e. asite yielding hyoshiki-ibutsu1) and 2)

(small) knobs;bosses

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26

362 ibutsu~tftj

363 ibutsu-hoganso3!~g-@;-Jti

364 ibutsu-sanpuchim!ft1~tf1im

365 ichiji-hakuri--*~U1fJt

366 ichimatsu(-monyo)mfl (Xft)

367 iegata-sekkan*%E;fD

368 igashiragata­ishizuchi

3'-~E~%E~ seegyobutsu-sekki

369 igeta-mon#m3t

370 igoQtf&

371 ikkatsu-ibutsu--ffi~lft1

372 ikoQt~

373 inkoku-mon~~ljx

374 iriJ!umi-monI\.#JlX

375 iseki31!J@~

376 ishiberaEm

377 ishi-bochoEJl§=lT

378 ishidamaEj'-:F·

379 ishidana:t=r'Wj

380 ishigamaE~

381 ishikakoi-roato;B~1lit,-t

382 ishikiri::El~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Funde

flindige, fundflihrendeStrateGebiet der Fundverteilung;Fundstreugebiet

a) Primarabschlagb) RohretuscheSchachbrettmuster;Wlirfelmusterhausformiger Steinsarg

eine Art enger gitterformi­ger Rollmusterverzierungnach, post (Vorhergegan­genes ausschliessend)

Depot (fund)

ab (Vorhergegangenes eln­schlieBend)aus dem Ton der GeHiB­oberfHiche herausgeschnit­zte VerzierungVerzierung aus ineinanderverhakten EleluentenFundplatz

trapez- bis spatelformigerAbs~hlagschaber; oft Hils­chlich flir 'racloir' verwendet

Stein(-Ernte-)messer,FrauenmesserSchleuderstein

Nische in der Grabkammereines KofunSteinsichel

von Steinen un1gebene Feu­erstelle (z.B. in einer Wohn­grube)Sammelbezeichnung flir:paHiolithische Bohrer undneolithische Ahlen

finds;relics

lay~r containing cultural re­maInsrange or area of dispersion(of potsherds, etc.)

primary flaking

chequer pattern;check-stamp patternhouse-type stone coffin

narrow lattice-workroulettingindicating a terminus postquem (excluding antecedentfacts)hoard

indicating a terminus a quo(including antecedent facts)excised ornament (i.e. ex­cised from the surface ofthe vessel)design composed of inter­locked ornamental elements

site

trapeziform or spatulateflake-scraper; often errone­ously used to designate araeloirstone knife, rice reaper madeof stone, woman's knifesling stone

niche in the chamber of akofunstone sickle

fireplace enclosed by stones(e.g. in a dwelling pit)

collective term for palreoli­thic drills and neolithic awls

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

383 ishi-kogatana;£l/J\7J

384 ishikuwaEjfk

385 ishikuzu76~

386 ishimakura76tt

387 ishinokogiri~~

a) zugeschlagenes Stein-rnesser als Nachahmungvon Metallmesserklingen

b) manchmal fur ishisajiverwendet

c) Schmalklinge'Steinhaue': zugeschlagenesoder geschliffenes spatel­formiges SteingeratAbsplisse (Abfall bei derSteinbearbeitung)steinerne Kopfauflage imSarg; nicht zu verwechselnmit sekichin'Steinsage' ;gezahntes Steingerat

a) chipped stone imitationof metal knife blades

b) sometimes used insteadof ishisaji

c) bladestone hoe: spatulate imple­ment of chipped or polishedstonechips (waste material fromflaking)stone head-rest in the coffin;not to be confused withsek£ch£n

stone implement with ser­rated edge, 'saw', 'sickle­tooth'

Griffknopfschaber

Reibplatte

388 ishinomi:E~ see

nomigata-sekifu389 ishisaji

:E~

390 ishisaraEllll

391 ishitsubo:E~

392 ishiusu see:ES ishisara

393 ishiyari:Eft

394 ishizuchiE~

395 ishizuki:E~

396 iwaibeff!5t$

397 iwakage-iseki~~)1!ir]\

Steintopf

steinerne Speerspitzeoder SteindolchHatnmerstein;KlopfsteinLanze: beschlagenes

SchaftendeStock: ZwingeSchwertscheide: OrtI waibe-Keramik ;,Zeremonialgeschirr'richtige Deutung)Abr£ als Fundplatz

J

(un-

stemmed scraper

quern consisting of onestone slab;saddle quernstone vase

stone spearhead or dagger

hammer-stone

spear: butt endstaff: ferrulescabbard: chape, finial

I waibe pottery;ceremonial ware (incorrectinterpretation)rock-shelter site, abr£ site

398 jiban see jiyama:Im~

399 jidai-kubun PeriodisierungMf~~?t

400 jiku Schaftangel einer LanzefIB

periodization

tang of a spearhead

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401 jinbutsu-haniwaA~f@fftij

402 jinbutsu-ishc3A~:it[li

403 jinkiJJ~

404 jinkc3-ibutsuAI3it!ft1

405 jinmen-totteATmre~

406 jinruigaku-senshi­kc3kogaku

A~~7t~~J!t~

407 jintai-dokiAU±~

408 jisei (bunka)f3~ ( :1C1{j )

409 jisen see~fi kasshagata-

mimikazari410 jitc3

~I;i

411 jiyamaimili

412 jodai (bunka)J:.~ ( )t{{j )

413 joen-kaho-funJ:.FlThfJ

414 jc3mon-gentai*,1)tJ*H

415 joryiitai-mon*,ffi!~ffltx

416 joseki-mon*,IJlX

417 jasen-mon1~*~x

418 jiifuku:i:1il

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

anthropomorphe Haniwa

anthropomorphe Plastik aufGefaBwanden, Deckeln, etc.

(Schmal-)Klinge als Gerat;Klingengerat

Artefakte;Fundobjekte

Maskenhenkel;Griff oder Henkel mit men­schlicher Gesichtsdarstel­lung

allgemeine Anthropologiemit physischer und kul­tureller Anthropologie undBodenfundforschung

anthropomorphes GefaB

bodenstandig(e Kultur)

Ohrpflock

Ohrpflock in China (meistrollenformig)

das Liegende, die untesteSchicht, der gewachseneBoden

(Kultur der) Antike

Kofun mit quaderformigerBasis und runder Aufschiit­tung

Sammelname fiir matten­artige Stoffe, die friiher alsMittel zur Erzeugung derJomon-Verzierung angese­hen wurden; vergl. dazu:kaz"ten-jomon

Jomonverzierung auf erhoh­ter Tonauflage

Matten (-abdruck-) muster(friiherer Name fiir Jomon)

(senkrechte) RiBverzierung

Uberlappung (zweier Kul­turen)

anthropomorphic haniwa

anthropomorphic plastic fig­ures or images on vesselwalls, lids, etc.

blade used as tool;blade implement

artifacts;culture relics

handle with anthropomor­phic mask

anthropology, includingphysical and cultural an­thropology and prehistoricarchreology

anthropomorphic vessel

indigenous (culture)

ear-peg

ear-peg in China (in mostcases pulley-shaped)

undisturbed subsoil

antique culture;classical antiquity

kofun with dome-shapedknoll on a square base

collective term for mat-likefabrics, previously supposedto be the means of produc­ing Jomon ornamentation;cf. kaiten-jomon

raised zones with Jomonpattern

mat impressions (originalterm for Jomon)

(upright parallel) hatchings

overlapping (of two cul­tures)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

419 jiijikei-sekki+$%E~

420 jiikei-dosei-hinitJ~±~~ see

dobutsu-dogii421 jiiketsu-mon

~ili~:5C

422 jiikiretsu~a~

423 jiiko-monlltJJl5t

424 jiikyo-shi11m-ill:

425 jiimen-totteIXITii:ffl:¥

426 jun-doki-jidai*,~~~~Ki

427 jii-so1l~

428 kaX

429 kaeri~~1g 0 il

430 kafun-bunsekinm:5tffT

431 kago-me-monii§)(

432 kaibakaJt~

433 kaibochoJt@T

434 kaidan-bori~~1ftH

435 kaidan(jo)-hakuri~~(~)~UIiJI

436 kaigara-akkonJt5&a:~

a) zugeschlagenes Stein-objekt in Kreuzform

b) manchmal fur tato-sekifuverwendet

Schnurknotenabdruck(ohne Walzbewegung)

Fissuren, ReiBlinien (aufder BulbusfHiche)konzentrisches Halbkreis­musterWohnplatz

Tiermaskenhenkel

'Reinkupferzeit' (seltengebraucht; gleichbedeutendmit kinseki-heiyo-jidai)

iiberlagernde Bestattung

Kchinesische Hellebarde mitoder ohne Schaftloch undRiickendorn; fiir Japansiehe: doka, tekkaWiderhaken (bei Harpunen,etc.)Pollenanalyse

Korbmaschen-Gitterung

Bestattung mit Muschel­schiittung (in der Grab­grube);Bestattung mit Muschel­bedeckungMuschelmesser

Terrassengrabung

a) Stufenretusche

b) StichelschlagMuscheleindrucke;Muschelabdruckmuster

a) cross-shaped and chip­ped stone object

b) sometimes used insteadof tato-sekifu

knot impressions, madewithout rolling the knotover the surface of the vesselfissures left on the mainflake surface after flakinghalf concentrics;concentric semicirclesdwelling place

handle with animal mask

'pure Copper Age' (rarelyused; stands for kinseki­heiyo-jidai)

cumulated burial

Chinese halberd with orwithout shaft hole and rearspike; for Japan see: doka,tekkabarb (on a harpoon, etc.)

pollen analysis

net-mesh pattern

burial with shell filling (inthe grave pit)

shell knife;reaper made from shellterrace excavation

a) step flaking, resolvedflaking

b) graver blowshell imprints;pattern impressed by shell

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437 kaigaracho­akkonmon

JjJfJiJJls:~~438 kaigara-fukuen-

~~JfJt~~*~~ [mon439 kaigara-jokon

JJ.~~m

440 kaigarajo-rekkonJt~HX~~

441 kaigara-monJ§.f~j(

442 kai-jakushiJt*kJ=f-

443 kaikaku-bo seeJtm£ kaibaka

444 kai-kushiroJtjJIl

445 kaisajiJt~

446 kaisei-hinJt~86

447 kaishin-kaitaim51!{t/ijjJ!

448 kaisoJ§.Jtf

449 kai-so~~

450 kaiten-jomon@]$i*'lj(

451 kaiten-onatsu-monM[t,~tf¥1*j(

452 kaiten-oshigata-@I~tf¥~j( [mon

453 kaiwaJt~

454 kai-zokuJt~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Muschelkopfabdrticke

Muschelrtickeneindriicke

Muschelstreichspuren

muschelige ReiBstellen (zu­sammen mit konzentrischenKreisen und Wellen auf derVentralseite eines [Feuer­stein-] Abschlages)jede Art der GefaBverzie­rung, die mit Hilfe einer Mu­schelschale erzeugt wurdeMusche1l6ffel mit extra an­gesetztem Stiel

Muschelarmreif, aus einerdurchbohrten Muschelscha­Ie hergestellt; vergl.: kaiwa

Muschelschaber;Muschelspatel

Objekte und Gerate ausMuschelschalen

Meerestransgression und-regression

Muschelschicht

mehrstufige Bestattung;nochmalige Bestattung;Sekundarbestattung

die eigentliche durchSchnurabrollung herge-stellte Jomonverzierung

a) siehe: (kaiten-) oshigata-mon

b) siehe: yoriito-mon

Rollmuster, mit geschnitz­tem Stab erzeugt;Stabrollverzierung

Muschelring; durchbohrteMuschel, in vielen Fallenkein Armschmuck; vergl.:kai-kushiro

Muschelpfeilspitze

imprints made with the apexof a shell

impressions made with theback of a shellscraping with a shell

conchoidal fracture (amongrings and waves on the mainflake surface)

any kind of shell-made dec­oration

ladle made of shell

bracelet made of shell; per­forated shell used as brace­let; see also: kaiwa

scraper made of shell;spatula made of shell

objects and tools made ofshell

marine transgression andregression

shell bed;shell stratum

a) 'secondary' burialb) reinterment elsewhere

after bone-washing, etc.

true Jomon ornament,obtained by cord rouletting

a) see: (kaiten-) oshigata-mon

b) see: yoriito-mon

engraved dowel rouletting;roller pattern(produced withcarved stick)

shell-ring, i.e. perforatedshell, in many cases not usedas bracelet; cf. kai-kushiro

arrowhead made of shell

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

455 kaizukaJ!~

456 kaizuka-dokiJ~Ji±~

457 kaizuka-jinkotsuffit~A~

458 kajo-moni~~:5C

459 kakkijfj~

460 kakotJnI

461 kaku~l

462 kakufujIjrP

463 kakugata-dokijIj%±~

464 kakuto-dokijIjmi±:R

465 kama~

466 kamaboko-buchi$**~

467 kamadoil{

468 kamadogata-dokift%±:R

469 kamagata-doki~%±~

470 kame~

471 kamekaburi-soJt1B(~

472 kame-kan~tg

473 kame-so~~

Muschelhaufen

Muschelhaufen-Keramik(veraltete Bezeichnung; fru­her zur Unterscheidung vonYayoi gebraucht)Muschelhaufenbestattungoder allgemein: Menschen­knochenfunde in Muschel­haufenWirbelmuster

Hornobjekt

Bearbeitung

Sarkophag;AuBensargGeweihpickel

MehreckengeHiB

Vierkantbecher

eine Art Sichel

Wulstrand(cines Bronzespiegels)

a) FeuerstellcinWohngrube,meist mit Rauchabzug;Kochherd

b) siehe: kamadogata-doki

kleiner keramischer Herdmit seitlicher Feuerungsoff­nung; 'Dampfer'

Kragentopf (mit verdicktemvorragendem Hals)

groBer weithalsiger Topf

Bestattung mit GefaB-Kopf­schutz (d.h. Sicherung desSchadels durch ein dariiber­gestiilptes GefaB)

BestattungsgefaB

GefaBbestattung

shell mound;kitchen middenshell-mound pottery (obso­lete designation of Jomonpottery)

shell-mound burial; or gene­rally: human bones foundin a shell mound.

whirl design;spiral motifobject made of horn

treating;processing;finishingsarcophagus

pick made from an antler

angulate vessel

square beaker

kind of sickle

swollen edge,torus border (of a bronzemirror)a) fireplace of adwelling-pit,

for cooking, usually witha smoke escape

b) see: kamadogata-doki

portable pottery cooking­hearthwith openfiring hood;'pottery steamer'

collared pot (with thickened,overhanging neck)

pot-bellied jar

burial with a vessel pro­tecting the corpse's head

burial jar

jar burial

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32

474 kanrg

475 kan-daitfIi!'

476 kan-hyokiFci1oJ<AA

477 kanjo-dokim~±~

478 kanjc3-ressekim~7IJE

479 kanjo-sekifum~E~

480 kanjo-sekirim~EI1Jt see

kanjo-resseki481 kanjo-totte

m~re-=F

482 kanseki 1 see]HE sekkan

483 kanseki2 seefiE kanjo-sekifu

484 kansetsu-dahor~~tr1*

485 kansorg~

486 karakusa-monm1jr)t

487 kaso

*~488 kasshagata­

mimikazarimlfI%j}iffi

489 kasii-nendai{&tzif~

490 kata-egurih#(

491 katahaltj]

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Sarg, d.h. der den Leichnamaufnehmende Behalter

Sargauflage;Sargsttitze

Interglazial

RinggefaB;Ringflasche

Steinkreis

a) Steinring mit scharferAuBen- (manchmal auchInnen-) kante

b) Scheibenkeule

a) Ring-, Osenhenkelb) horizontaler Bandhenkel

indirekte (Schlag-) Technik

Sargbestattung

verschlungenes Pflanzen­muster; Arabesken

Haussargbestattung, Beiset­zung in hausformigem Stein­oder Tonsarg

Sammelname ftir aIle Artenvon radchen-, rollen- undfelgenformigen Ohrpflockenin Japan; vergl. dazu: jito

Sequenzdatierung

mit einseitiger Schulterausgestattet;einseitig gekerbt

a) Schwert: Einschneidig­keit

b) Beil: der Pultschliff einesQuerbeiles

c) Chopper-Schneide

coffin

coffin support

interglacial (period)

doughnut-shaped vessel

stone circle

a) flat stone ring with asharp outer(in somecasesalso inner) edge (used asmace-head?)

b) discoidal mace-head

a) ringlike handleb) horizontal arch-like

handle

indirect technique of percus­sion, punch technique

burial in a coffin;burial containing a coffin

intertwining floral pattern

burial in a house-shaped orroofed coffin made of stoneor clay

collective term for all kindsof pulley- and felloe-shapedear-pegs in Japan; cf. jito

sequence date

one-shouldered;notched;nicked

a) sword: single edge

b) adze: bevelled edge

c) chopper edge

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 33

501 kawabukurogata-E[~~±~ [doki

495 katasodegata­seki-shitsu

J:1*m~1=l~

492 katakuchi-dokiJ1IJ±~

493 katamen-choseiJ1rmm~

494 kata-monm)(

496 katatsukiJ:1i-f

497 katei-onyii(-shiki­masei-sekizoku)

TJ!fIill)\(~m~Eti)

498 katazukuri see~~ 9 morudingu

499 katsuobushigata­~mtm%.:E~ [gyokki

500 katsuobushi-~!fi!I1 [monyo

neck (of a vessel)

(polished stone arrowheadwith) hollow base

semi-elliptic pendant withperforation'dried bonito design' : designon a vessel, consisting ofcontinuously arranged S­shaped elements with crest­or fin-like protuberancestriangular clay vessel shapedprobably after a leatheroriginal

vessel with a lipped rim;bowl with lipunifacial (monofacial)shaping or retouchrelief stamping;embossed stamping

stone-built burial chamberwith the entrance from thecorridor at one corner of thefront wall;asymmetrical passage graveor corridor tombsmall dish without lid

metal plaque with openworkornamentation (Eurasia,China)

cairn

formative stage (term usedin American archreology)

typological unit obtained bysorting archreological 0 b­jects according to their es­sential elements and con­stituent features; can besubdivided into keishiki2

plastische Stempelverzie­rung;ReliefstempelungGanggrabkammer mit derGangmiindung an einerEcke der Stirnwand;asymmetrisches Ganggrab

figural verzierte Metall­Schmuckplatte in durchbro­chener Arbeit (Eurasien,China)Hals (eines GefaBes)

Cairn

Schiissel oder HacheSchale ohne Deckel(geschliffene Steinpfeilspitzemit) eingezogene(r) Basis

SchnabelgefaB;GefaB mit Schneppeunifaziale Zurichtung

halbelliptischer Schmuckan­hanger mit Bohrung'Bonitfisch-Verzierung' :GefaBverzierung, bestehendaus Ketten von S-Figurenmit hahnenkamm- oder Hos­senformigen Zusatzenkleines dreieckiges Tonge­faB, wahrscheinlich Nach­ahmung eines Lederbeutels

'Bildende Stufe'(Terminus der amerikanis­chen Archaologie)formenkundliche Einheit,die durch Einteilung desFundmaterials nach seinenwesenhaften und bestim­menden Eigenschaften um­schrieben wird; kann inkeishiki2 aufgegliedert wer­den.

seeishisaji

502 kawahagiEZ~1j

503 kazari-ita~~1Jj

504 kei(-bu)~($)

505 keirun71 )1,/ Y

506 keisei-jidai%~~t\i

507 keishiki 1

%~

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34

508 keishiki 2

mA

509 keishiki-bunruimA?t~

510 keishiki-setteims:.\:~JE

511 keishiki-suiims:.\:1t~

512 keisho-haniwam~iUl~

513 kekkoIfili#

514 kekkyo1Cm

515 ken-soku~,,@.

516 kensui-doki~~±~

517 kensui-mon~~)t

518 kesho-nendo1tW:fti±

519 ketsu~

520 ketsugo~i1

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

formenkundliche Einheit,die durch Einteilung desFundmaterials nach seinensekundaren Eigenschaften(Akzidentien) umschriebenwird:a) Subordnung von kei­

shiki1, wenn dieses alstibergeordnete, keishiki2

umfassende Einheit an­gesehen wird;

b) in yoshiki subsumiert,wenn der Stil als inkor­porierendes Merkmalbetrachtet wird;

(keine einheitliche Auffas­sung in der japanischenFachwelt; vergl. keishiki1,

yoshiki)

Klassifizierung und Einteil­ung archaologischer Objektezur Aufstellung eineskeishiki2

die Aufstellung eineskeishiki2

Formentibergang, Formen­veranderung

Gebild-Haniwa, Figuren­Haniwa (Darstellung von[Un-]Belebtem)

'Blutrinne' (Schwert)

Grubenwohnung;Hohlenwohnplatz

ringformiger StandfuB;Standring

GefaB mit Schnurosen ander AuBenflache (zur Befes­tigung des Deckels)

Tonleisten in Verschnti­rungsform an der AuBen­Hache eines GefaBes

Schlicker

Schlitz-Ohrring(China, Vor-Han-Zeit)

zusammengesetzt (z.B.StandfuB und GefaB)

typological unit obtained bysorting archreological 0 b­jects according to their sub­ordinate (i.e. non-essential,accidental) features:

a) a subgroup of keishiki1

if the latter is consideredto be the larger group inwhich keishiki2 is in­cluded;

b) subsumed in yoshiki ifyoshiki is considered topossess incorporatingpower

(no agreement amongJapanese scholars; cf.keishiki1, yoshiki)

classification and groupingof objects to establish akeishiki2

formation of akeishiki2

typological change

figure haniwa, representingsomething (in)animate

fuller (on the blade of asword)

pit- or cave-dwelling

ring stand (of a vessel)

vessel with loops on thesurface of its wall (for tyingup the lid)

clay strip lacing;clay strip tape-work on thesurface of a vessel

slip

ear ornament in the shapeof a slit ring (China, pre­Han dynasty)

composite (e.g. bowl and itspedestal)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 35

521 ketsujo-mimika-~~~~15 [zari

522 ketsunyii-sekifuRAE*

523 kiba-magatama;f"1;J35. see

gasei-magatama524 kiban

£~

525 kidai~ir

526 kiheki!gg~

527 kihon-bunka£*5t1t

528 kikagaku-mon~{PJ~5t

529 kikagaku-yoshiki~{PJ~**A

530 kikakei-no­saisekki see

~{PJ%CDff.m::6~kikateki-saisekki

531 kikateki-saisekki~{PJa~ffflj::6~

532 kikkokei-no­sekkaku

~ EtI %CD ::6*~533 kinkan

~m

534 kinseki-heiyo-jidaiiil::611f:mMfft

535 kinseki-(moji-no-)gaku

~::6 ( 5t~CD ) I~

536 kinzokki-jidai~.!ggMfft

537 kiriko-dama-lW-T~

538 kirudoesukurepa;f -}l/ F • .A -!7 v-

539 kizai-haniwa~Mf{l~

Japanisches Gegenstiickzum chinesischen ketsu(siehe dort)

Schaftkerbenbeil

Untergrund ;Grundgebirge

Untersatz;Stander (eines GefaBes)

GcfaBwand

Komponentenkultur

geometrische Ornamente

geometrischer Stil

geometrischer Mikrolith

Schildkern

goldener Ohrring (mit nichtganz geschlossenen Enden)

Zeit des gleichzeitigenGebrauchs von Stein undMetall; Aeneolithikum;Chalkolithikum

Epigraphie

Metallzeit

Polyeder-Perle

Kielschaber

Gerate-Haniwa: Haniwa inForm verschiedener Gerateund sonstiger Gebrauchs­gegenstande

Japanese-made equivalent tothe Chinese ketsu (see above)

(quadrangular) adze with anick on one face; nicked adze

base material, bed-rock,foundation

stand;pedestal (of vessel)

wall (of vessel)

component culture

geometric pattern, design

geometric style

geometric microlith

tortoise core

gold ring with open ends,used as ear ornament

period of contemporaneoususe of metal and stone;eneolithic period;Chalcolithic Age

epigraphy

Metal Age

polyhedric bead

keeled scraper

haniwa representing utensilsand similar objects

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540 kizami-metu~§

541 kizuchi-giho*f;§15(i'*

542 kol~

543 koa.sukurepa-:J 7 · .:A ~ l/ - ./~ -

544 ko-daho~3Tf!

545 kodaiB""ArF-U r::I

546 koda-ki~~}T~

547 kodama/j\:E

548 koen-bu 1

1&Fl$549 koen(-bu)2

O~($)

550 koen-tanO*~trffi

551 kofuku-sekijinJJim:t:t1J

552 kofunr!1tll

553 kofun-jidair5:tJ~~

554 kogata-chokoku-ki/j\W~tlj~

555 kogata-ikei-sekki/J\%~W~~

556 kogatana/j\)]

557 kogata-sekijin/j\m1iJJ

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Einkerbungen als Verzier­ung (am Mundsaum)

Holzhammertechnik(Abschlagtechnik)

Graben (urn ein Kofun)

Kernschaber

a) Zuklopfen, Klopftechnikb) Zuschlagtechnik

(angesetzter) StandfuB(eines GefaBes)

Zuschlaggedit, bes. derfruhen Kernformung

Kugelperle(kleiner als marudama)

der runde Hugelteil eineszenpo-koen-fun

Mundsaum(-teil) einesGefaBes

oberster Mundsaumrand

Breitklinge

a) Grabhugel in Japan, derin der Kofun-Zeit ange­legt wurde (siehe: kofun­jidai)

b) falschlich fur Htigelgrabim allgemeinen

Kofun-Zeit: Periode derbevorzugten Errichtung vonHugelgrabern; in Japan einTeil der Frtihgeschichte

Mikroburin

unregelmaBig geformtes kle­ines Steingerat (als mehrsch­neidiges Messer verwendet?)

a) siehe: ishi-kogatanab) auch anstelle von: naifu.

buredo

a) Kleinklinge;b) Mikroklinge

notches (on the rim of avessel)

wooden hammer technique(flaking technique)

moat (surrounding a kofun)

core scraper

pecking method

pedestal, foot-rest(of a vessel)

'axe-tool'; implement of theearly core-industries

globular bead, ball bead(smaller than marudama)

the round knoll of azenpo-koen tomb

rim (of a vessel)

lip (of a vessel)

broad blade

a) burial mound in Japanbuilt duringKofun Period(see kofun-jidai)

b) erroneously used to refertoburial mound ingeneral

Kofun Period: period withthe construction of kofunburial mounds as onesignificant feature of burialcustom; in Japan chrono­logically within the proto­historic period

micro-burin

irregularly shaped chippedstone implement (used asmulti-edge knife?)

a) see: ishi-kogatanab) also used for naifu.

buredo

a) small blade;b) microblade

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 37

558 kc3go-hakuri5<:li~U~m

559 kogyoku-daishu1i]I!.:Kj(~ see

katsuobushigata­gyokki

560 kohen see koen-bu 2

[] ·;21561 kohyoki

i&7J<W3562 ko-ji-mon

I~)t

563 kojo-jiikyor~JLl.{±m

564 kojo-jukyottJ:1.tm-

565 kojo-monyo5J.l0~)(t* see

kosen-mon566 kokan see

~m tsubo-kan567 kokei-bu

[]~$

568 kokii&W3

569 kokkaku-hi1tjfj~

570 kokkaku-kanzashi~ftEJfj

571 kokkaku-ken~ftEJAAU

572 kokkakuki~ftEJ~

573 kokkaku-sento-ki~ftEJ~~~

574 kokkan-kijj!~W3

575 kokki~~

576 kokogaku~il~

577 kokotsu-mojiEfl1t)t*

alternierende Randretusche,Wechselretusche

das Postglazial

Reziprokes T -Motiv;doppelseitiges Tpfahlbau

pfahlbau

Mundsaumteil plus Halseines GefaBes

spat(es)

Knochenschaber;Knochen- oder Hornspatel(Knochen-)Haarnadel

Knochenmesser

Knochen- und Horngerate

Knochenspitze;Hornspitze

Klima-Kaltperiode

Knochenobjekt;Knochengerat

Archaologie als die Wissen­schaft von der Erforschungdes Menschen der Vergan­genheit und seiner Kulturnach materiellen Zeugnis­sen und deren Deutung

Knocheninschriften

alternate flaking

postglacial epoch

H-shaped pattern

lake dwelling;lacustrine dwelling or habi­tation

pile dwelling

mouth and neck (of a vessel)

late

bone or horn scraper orspatulabone hairpin

bone knife

bone and horn implements

bone or horn point or spear­head

cold climate phase

bone object;bone implement

archreology as the scientificstudy of man and his cultureof the past, based on ma­terial relics and their inter­pretation

bone inscriptions

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578 kokumon-doki~1j~±F~ see

satsumon-doki579 kokuryii-mon

~*lx

580 kokusen-montlj*~y:'

581 komochi-doki.::ff*±~

582 komochi­magatama

.::ff*1;]:E

583 konamijo-koenbu;J\tBlM\ []t~$

584 konbo-to (-sekki)t:ti~5iJt ( :E"~ )

585 konko-bunkaimmY:.1t

586 ko-no-ha-mon*~Y:.

587 ko-no-ha-zoko*~m:

588 koppu

*~589 koro-gata-doki~m~±~

590 koropog-kuru(-setsu)

:1 rJ ;t~ :) Y }v ( ~ )

591 kosei-ho:~~~1!

592 kosei-sekifu~~~:E"1¥

593 kosekisei1ttfliit

594 kosen-mon5JJl*~)(

595 kosetsu-jidaiil1f£~~

596 koshikigata-doki~[~±~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Ellipsen-Roulette;abgerollte Ellipsenkette

Ritzlinienverzierung

MehrfachgefaB

Magatama mit Fortsatzen;Besatz-M agatama

eng-gewellter Mundsaum

I{eulenkopf (aus Stein) mitSchaftlochMischkultur

Blattmuster;Blattritzmuster (Yayoi-Ker­amik, D6taku, etc.)GefaBboden mit Blattab­druckKnochenaxt(-beil)

'RauchergefaB' (Deckel Indurchbrochener Arbeit)die Koropogkuru (-Sage):(Sage von der kleinwtichsi­gen) Urbevolkerung Nord­japans vor und z.T. gleich­zeitig mit den AinuKlopftechnik

zugeklopfte(s) Steinaxt(-beil)

Diluvium

Bogenverzierung

die archaische Stufe (Ter­minus der amerikanischenArchaologie)Topf mit durchlochertemBoden;SiebefaB;DampfgeHi13

oval bump rouletting;eye-shapedbumprouletting;lozenge-shaped bump rou­lettingincised lines;incised patternvessel with shoulder-cups

magatama with projectionson its edge;pick-a-back magatama;parasitical magatamarippled rim

(stone) mace- or club-head,with shaft-holeresultant culture

leaf-design (on Yayoi pot­tery, dotaku, etc.)

leaf-like impression on thebase (of a vessel)bone axe or adze

'incense burner' (with open­work lid)the Koropogkuru: (legendabout the) aborigines livingin prehistoric North Japanbefore and in part contem­poraneously with the Ainupecking method

pecked stone axe or adze;stone axe (adze) shaped bypeckingdiluvium, diluvial epoch

arc ornament

the Archaic Stage (termused in American archreo­logy)vessel with perforated bot­tom;sieve;steaming-vessel

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 39

597 koshime-mon~~T§Y:.

598 koshime-oshigata­*~f-§f'~L~ [mon

599 koshokuire

600 kosoW~

601 kossei-daiflJ'~ir

602 kossei-harizutsul~~*mi

603 kossei-nuibari1f~a~+

604 kosshin

~.*

605 kosso~~

606 kotto~7J

607 koten-jidai~W~Ki

608 kotsu-tsubol~~

609 ko-u-jidai(-ki)~ffi~~(AA)

610 kubetsu~J51j

611 kubi-kazari~jm

612 kubomiishiME

613 kubun~:5t

614 kudatama~.:K

615 kiido-doban~~OO±h& see

chiikii-doban

Gitterung;Gitterverzierung

Gitter-Rollmuster

Farbveranderung derObjektoberflache durchAlter; Patinierung

prunkvolle BestattungBestattung mit groBem Auf­wand (Kofun-Zeit)

Zwischenwirbelscheibe(z.B. eines Seesaugers), alsUnterlagsplatte bei derGefaBherstellung verwendetNadelbiichse (aus Knochen)

knocherne Nahnadel

a) Knochennadelb) Knochenspitze (z.B. Au­

rignacien: mit gespal­tener Basis)

knocherne Lanzenspitze mitSchaftzunge

schwertartiges Gerat auseinem Langknochen (See­sauger)

die klassische Stufe (Ter­minus der amerikanischenArchaologie)

Urne, Ossuar

Pluvial

Unterscheidung

Halsschmuck

Dellenstein;

Gliederung;Einteilung;U nterscheidung

Rohrenperle

latticework ornamentation

lattice-like rouletting

colouring of the surface ofobjects, indicating great age;patination

ostentations burial, display­ing high rank (KofunPeriod)

intervertebral disc (e.g. of asea mammal) used as awork-tray when makingpottery

needle case made of bone

bone needle

a) bone needleb) bone point (e.g. Auri­

gnacian bone point withcleft base)

bone spearhead with broadtongue-shaped tang

big knife- or sword-likeinstrument made of a sea­mammal's bone

the Classic Stage (term usedin American archreology)

bone-urn, ossuary

pluvial age

classification

neck ornaments

pitted stone;cupstone

division

tubular bead

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ASIAN PERSPECTIVES 8, 1964

621 kumogata-mon~%3X:

616 kii.do.poan~_. r·;f7::,;

617 kumiawase*Jl~~lt

629 kushime-monijiJ § 3X:

630 kushimemon-doki~p §3X:±~

cleaver

hand-axe

composite tool

kurgan

any assemblage or assort­ment of in situ finds (e.g.closed finds, hoards, etc.)

chariot-mound: a metaphorfor a zenpo-koen tomb withor without attached tumuli

prong-marked design;comb-scratched ornament

a) comb-marked pottery,Kammkeranzik

b) sometimes used forSatsumon-doki

bracelet (obsolescent termfor udewa; now only used ascompound together with thematerial used; cf. do-kushiro,kaikushiro

(composite) slab-built coffin(variety of the kumiawase­shiki-sekkan)(non-megalithic) stone cistof various shape andconstruction; cf. kunziawase­shiki-hakogata-sekkan, naga­mochigata-sekkan

'cloud design' on a vessel,consisting of X-shaped ele­ments with crest- or fin-likeprotuberances

hollowed-out stone coffin

kris-shaped bronze weapon;stands for d6ka

kris-shaped stone weapon;stands for sekka

cromlech

Faustkeil

Kris-formige Bronze-waffe;gleichbedeutend mit d6ka

Kris-formige Steinwaffe;gleichbedeutend mit sekka

Cromlech

Kurgan

Fundverband;Fundvergesellschaftung(z.B. Depositionen jederArt, Depots, etc.)

zusammengesetztes Gerat

ausgehohlter Steinsarg

(zusammengesetzter)Plattensarg (Abart deskumiawase-shiki-sekkan)(nicht-megalithische) Stein­kiste verschiedener Ausfuh­rung; vergl.: kumiawase­shiki-hakogata-sekkan, naga­mochigata-sekkan'Wolkenverzierung' : GefiiB­verzierung, bestehend ausKetten von X-Figuren mithahnenkamm- oder flossen­formigen ZusatzenSpalter

'Wagen-Hugel': Metapherfur zenpo-koen-fun mit oderohne Begleittumuli

Zinkenmuster;Kammstrichverzierung

a) Kammkeramik

b) manchmal fur Satsumon-doki

Armreif (auBer Gebrauchkommender Ausdruck furudewa; jetzt nur mehr in Zu­sammensetzungen mit demverwendeten Material; vergl.dazu: dokushiro, kaikushiro

see sonso

618 kumiawase-dogu*Jl~~m~

619 kumiawase-shiki­hakogata-sekkan

*Ji€t:r-\:~%:Erg

620 kumiawase-shiki­sekkan

622 kuribA~ !J -/-\-

623 kurinuki-shiki­~Utj{AEif§ [sekkan

624 kurisu-gata-doken:J 9 A%~fRU

625 kurisu-gata-sekken:J !J A%EfRU

626 kuromurekku~OAL/';J:J

627 kurugan:J }l/ tJ ':/

628 kuruma-zuka.1lI~

631 kushirow)1l

632 kussoJill~

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 41

633 kutsugata-ono!Jft%*

634 kutsugata-sekifu¥ft~1i*

635 kuwagata-ishiffk%E

636 kyakuJlW

637 kyaripa-gata-dokik- --Y !J /~ ....-%±~

638 kyojin-densetsuE:A~~

639 kyojo-totteifJHtJ\tEF¥

640 kyokubu-masei­sekifu

,@j$~~E1$

641 kyokujinffBJJ

642 kyokujin-sekifuEtI3JJ:E*

643 kyokusen-monEtI3*Ji!)t

644 kyoseki-bo£E;I;

645 kyoseki-bunkaE15)(1~

646 kyoseki-kinenbutsuliE§2~~

647 kyosekkiliEff

648 kyoshijo­tsumegata-mon

~~~J1\*Y:.

649 kyoshi-mon~]iBH)t

'Stiefel-Beil': Stein- oderBronzebeil mit schrag an­steigenderSchneideund fuB­spitzen- bzw. fersenformigausgebauchten SeitenkantenSchuhleistenkeil

Hauenformiger (Arm­schmuck aus) SteinFuB(einer FuBschale, etc.)

GefaB mit Greifzirkelprofil:ausgebauchter Hals und ein­gezogener Mundsaum;Glockentopf

'Riesensage' , wonach dasRiesengeschlecht der Dai­darabotchi Muschelhaufenund Y okoana etc. angelegthat

vertikaler Bogenhenkel

teilweise geschliffenes Stein­beil;angeschliffenes Steinbeil

Bogenschneide (bei einemBeil)

Rundaxt;Rundbeil

Kurvilinearverzierung

Megalithgrab

Megalithkultur

Megalithdenkmal

Sammelbezeichnung furgroBformatige Steingerate(meist beschrankt auf Lan­zenspitzen mit 20 cm Langeund dariiber, sowie aufzugeschlagene Steinbeilevon 15 cm und mehr Lange)

kontinuierliche Fingerna­geleindrucke ;Hahnenkamm-Muster

Sagezahn (muster) mit In­nenschraffen

shoe-shaped axe: of stone orbronze, with obtuse edgeand slightly bulging sides

shoe-last celt

hoe-shaped stone (bracelet)

foot (of a vessel)

caliper-shaped pot withbulging neck and turned-inrim;bell pot

legend, according to whichshell-mounds and some ofthe yokoana etc. were relicsof the giants Daidarabotchi

upright arch-like handle

partially ground stone axeor adze

curved edge (of an axe oradze)

round axe (adze)

curvilinear design

megalithic tomb

megalithic culture

megalithic monument

collective term designatinglarge stone implements(mostly applying to spear­heads of 20 cm or more, andchipped stone axes of 15 cmor more in length)

continuous nail impressions;cockscomb pattern

continuous hatched triangles

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650 kyozon-dobutsu-;tt1¥ill4tJtf [gun

651 kyozon-ibutsu;tt1~3!~

652 kyozon­shokubutsu-gun

;J:t#~~m

653 kyiisekki-jidaitiE!g~~~

654 magatama1;]];: HEJS.

655 maguwaJ~~

656 maikuro.buredo---11 :1 0 • 7~l/1 r

see kogata-sekijin

657 maisott~

658 maken suru~P.Jf-tQ

659 maken-doki~P.Jf±~

660 makiage-hot5J:r!

661 makura-ishi seettE gyobutsu-

sekki

662 Marai-shiki-doki-:< 71 A±!g~

663 maru-daman35.

664 marukibune~*fit 1L**

665 marumadotsuki­tsubogata-doki

F1~#~%±~ seeensotsuki-tsubo-

gata-doki

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Begleitfauna

Begleitfunde

Begleitflora

PaHiolithikum;Altsteinzeit

Mkommaformige(r) Perle(Anhanger) ;Krummperle mit Bohrung

holzerne gezinkte Haue(Yayoi-Zeit)

I{orperbestattung

(Steinbeil) schleifen;(Keramik) glatten;polieren

polierte Keramik

Spiralwulsttechnik

Malaiische Keramik (frUhergebrauchlicherAusdruck fUrYayoi-Keramik)

Kugelperle (groBer als ko­dama)

Einbaum

associated faunal relics

associated finds;accompanying finds;closed finds

associated botanical relics

palreolithic age;Old Stone Age

comma-shaped bead or gemwith a hole on one side

pronged hoe made of wood(Yayoi age)

burial;interment;inhumation

to polish (stone axe);to burnish (vessel)

burnished pottery

coiling technique

Malayan pottery (obsoleteterm for Yayoi pottery)

globular bead;ball bead (larger than ko­dama)

dugout (canoe)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 43

666 marunomigata­F1~%~1$ [sekifu

667 maru-zokonJ!f

668 masatsu no konseki~ f!A CD 1.& Ib]j\

669 masei-sekifum~~~

670 masei-sekkenm~1=iiRU

671 menhiru.J. :/ 1:: )1/

672 merukumaru.J. )1/ !7 -;< - )1/

673 miJt

674 mimi~

675 mimi-dama~3i

676 mimi-kazari~j1P

677 mimi-wa11=m

678 mimizuku-dogii*!i±{M

679 misei-hin*~g

680 mitsu-domoe':::'/'E

681 miwadama'=:'~3i

682 mokkaku*fJ~

683 mokkaku-bo*w~~

684 mokkan*m

zigarrenformiges Zylinder­beil mit Hohlschneide

Rundboden

Abntitzungsspuren;Schleifspuren

geschliffene(s) Steinbeil(axt)

doppelschneidiger geschlif­fener Steindolch

Menhir

Merkmal;Kennzeichen Leitmotiv

'Korper' eines Beils;Unterteil eines (Stein-)Sarges oder Sarkophages

Ose zur Schnurbefestigungund Schaftung (z.B. an derTtillenlanzenspitze)

Ohrenkranz (kleine Per­lenschnur, die waagrechtdurch die perforierte Ohr­muschel gezogen wird)

Ohrschmuck

Ohrring

Eulenkopf-Statuette, eulen­gesichtige (Ton-) Statuette

Halbfertigware

Dreizack;Dreidorn (als Verzierungs­motiv)

zweimal eingeschntirte, drei­gliedrige, Perle

a) Holzauskleidung imGrab zur Aufnahme deseigentlichen Sarges

b) Holzkammer oder To­tenhaus (z.B. im Htigel­grab)

Grab mit mokkaku

Holzsarg

cigar-shaped cylindricaladze with hollow edge;gougeround(ed) bottom

friction marks on implementsdue to wear and tear

polished stone axe or adze

double-edged dagger ofpolished stone

menhir

distinctive feature;identifying mark

body of an axe, stone coffin,sarcophagus, etc.

loop (e.g. on a socketedspear-head used for hafting)

ear-beads, ear-rosary (smallstring of beads wound hori­zontally around the per­forated auricle)

ear ornament

ear-ring

owl-faced clay figurine

semi-processed, unfinishedobject

triple-ray motif;ternate spike motif;trefoil motif

segmented gem;twice constricted gem

a) any timber structureprotecting the coffin in agrave

b) wooden burial chamberor funerary house (in aburial mound)

grave containing a mokkaku

wooden coffin

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44 ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

691 monyo~f*

692 monyo-tai~f*m

702 mukeizoku1m~~

693 mo(r)i~

694 mori~

(rice) grain impressions (onthe vessel surface)

design;ornament;pattern

decorated band or zone;

wooden object;wooden implementwood-fibre pattern producedby the string roulettingtechniquecharcoal filling or bedding(for the coffin or sarcopha­gus in a kofun)

small stemmed or handledbowl

a) toggle-head harpoon

b) fixed-head harpoon

harpoon head

moulding a vessel

a) pre-ceramic culture(s)

b) culture(s) withoutceramic

arrowhead without tang,stemless arrowhead

(Reis-)Kornabdrlicke (aufder GeHiBoberfHiche,-stand­fHiche, etc.)Verzierung ;Muster

Holzobjekt;h6lzernes WerkzeugRoll-Maserverzierung(durch Schnurabrollung er­zielte Holzmaserverzierung)Holzkohlenschlittung (urnden Sarg oder Sarkophag imKofun)

Ornamentzone;Zonalverzierung;Zonenornament

(FuB-, StielgrifI-)Becher

a) Kippkopf-HarpuneTrennkopf-Harpunetoggle-head harpoon

b) Fixkopf-Harpune

HarpunenkopfHarpunenspitze

Aufbau eines GefaBes nacheiner Form oder Schablone

a) prakeramische Kultur(en)

b) keramiklose Kultur(en)

stiellose (Pfeil-)Spitze

seeryo-ha

685 mokken*tRU

seeherajo­

mokusei-hin686 mokki

*~687 mokumejo-

yoriitomon*§~~*)(:

688 mokutan-kaku*~m

689 mokuto see*71 herajo-moku(sei) hin

690 momi-akkon*JJI£1.OC

695 mori-gashira~~~

696 moro-ha~J]

697 morudingu:f: - )V :r 1 '/ ~

698 moshiki-ibutsu~s:\;3A~ see

hyoshiki-ibutsu699 moshiki-iseki

~s:\;3A~ seehyoshiki-iseki

700 moyo see~f* monyo

701 mudoki-bunka1m±~~1t

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

N

45

703 nagamochigata­~ffl%Et§ [sekkan

704 naifu.buredo:r17·7~v1f

705 naifugata-ishisaji:r1 7~~D6~

706 naifugata-sekki:r17%E~

707 naihanF*JiR

'Steintruhe', bestehend aussorgHiltig zugerichteten, in­einander verfalzten Stein­platten mit Griffzapfen;Abart des kumiawase-shiki­sekkan

Federmesser,Rtickenmesserchenlangschmaler Griffknopf­schaber mit zwei langs­seitigen Arbeitskanten;Messerschabera) see: ishi-kogatanab) auch verwendet anstelle

von: naifu. buredo

Einkehlung bei einem Ge­faB; sie ergibt:

a) eingezogenen Mund­saum bei gerader odergebauchter GefaBwand(jtingere Auffassung)

b) leicht ausgeweitet er­scheinenden Mundsaum,wenn der Hals des Ge­faBes nach innen gekehltist (altere Auffassung)

chest-type stone coffin ofgrooved and tongued slabs,with external lugs ; variety ofthe kumi-awase-shiki-sekkan

knife blade; backed blade

stemmed oblong scraping orcutting instrument with twoedges;stemmed knife-scrapera) see: ishi-kogatanab) also used for naifu.

buredo

inward flexion or curvatureof the upper part of a vessel,meaning:a) in-turned rim, if the term

is applied to the rim ona straight or bulging wall(more recent interpreta­tion)

b) rim appearing as slightlyout-turned, if the termis applied to the neck(older interpretation)

708 naiji-dokij7q :E1=±H see

uchimimi-doki709 naikei

J7q{tj

710 naimen-shimonptqjIij11fgJt

711 naiwanF*J_

712 nakagom:

713 namigata1St%

714 natsume-dama:m3i

sich verengend (0berteileines GefaBes)

Innenverzierung

nach innen geschweift (vonder GefaBwand)

a) Griffangelb) Griffzunge

(genauere Termini die­nen zur Bezeichnung derAngel- und Zungenfor­men)

gelappt;lappig (z.B. Mundsaum)

Tonnenperle

diminution of width (neckor rim of a vessel)

inner surface ornamentation

inward curve or curvature(referring to the wall of the

, vessel)

a) rod-shaped tangb) flat tang, tongue-shaped

tang(more precise and de­tailed terms used whendesignating the differentshapes of tangs)

lobed (e.g. rim)

barrel-shaped bead

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715 nawakake-tokki~:im~ta

716 nawa(me)-mon*:1 ( § ) 5C

717 nendai~~

718 nendaigakuiFf\i~

719 nendai-kosaiFf\i~)(

720 nendo*t!i±

721 nendo-himo*t!i±m

722 nendo-kaku*t!i±~

723 nendoko-sokutei-*t!i±~iJttl5E1! [ho

724 nendo-sho*t!i±W

725 nenrin-sokutei-hoiF~iJttl5E1!

726 nigiri-ono see:1m1=? hando.akkusu

727 nigiri-zuchi seem¥~ hando.akkusu

728 niji-hakuri=-:!Jz~ljl1Jl

729 ninto-mon:pJ~Y:. see

karakusa-mon730 nippo-nan­

toropusu'::::'~;:G:r~ r 07°A

731 nomi~

732 nomigata-sekifu~%E1$:

733 noshirom~

734 notchingu./'.Jr~~

735 nousu-sukurepi./ ? A • A ~ l/ -1 /-\-

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Griffzapfen am Steinsarko­phag etc.parallele Schnureindruckeauf der AuBenfHiche einesZiegels der Nara- und Ka­makurazeit

Zeitpunkt

Chronologie (als Wissen­schaft, d.h. Forschungsge­biet)Kreuzdatierung;chronologische Uberschnei­dungTon (als erdhaftes Rohma­terial)Tonleiste

Lehmumhullungeines Holz­sarges (im Kofun)Varven-Analyse;VarvenchronologieLehmbett fur einen Holzsarg(im Kofun)

Dendrochronologie;Jahresring-Chronologie

SekundarabschlagFeinzurichtung

unkorrekte Schreibung fiirnippon-antoropusu .::::. ~;:G ~·7~ro7°A

(Metall-) MeiBel;auch Hohleisen

meiBelformiges schlankesVierkantbeil

Knochennadel mit einem ab­geschragten Ende (Zweck ?)Kerbung durch Randretu­sche

Schnauzenschaber

lugs on lid and walls of astone sarcophagus etc.

parallel string impressionson the convex side of a Naraand Kamakura age tile

date

chronology (as field ofresearch)

cross dating;chronological overlapping

clay (as raw material)

clay ribbon

clay coating of a woodencoffinvarve analysis;varve chronologyclay bedding of a woodencoffin (in a kofun)

dendrochronology and itsmethod

secondaryflaking or shaping,retouching

incorrect transcrIptIon fornippon-antoropusu .::::. ~ ;:G /'·7~ro7°A

metal chisel; gouge

chisel-shaped quadrangularadze

bone awl or point with onebevelled end (usage ?)

notching

nose scraper

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 47

736 nuno-atom~

737 nunome-gawaram§]i

738 nyiibojo-sekifu!¥lA~ft7\E1$

739 nyiibojo-sentei:ftmftJ\:k~

740 nyiikuriasu';::';:1.-'!797.:A

741 nyiiyoji-kamekan:ftY;b~~m

742 oatsu-hakuritEflJE5ftUIfJl

743 obi-kanagutfW4:~

744 oimawashi-mon~MmX

745 ogata-ryomen­:*%[ITij1i1:E"~ [sekki

746 okan-dogiixJ0f±{~

747 (kaiten-)onatsu(suru)

(rBJ,,)¥r~~Q

748 ono1$

749 orekaetta (koen)1JTtL~'0ft:.

750orimono~~

Gewebeabdriicke (auf clemGeniBboden)

Ziegel mit Gewebeabdriik­ken

eine Art von spitznackigemZylinderbeil

Spitzboden mit Bodenwarze

Nukleus

BestattungsgeHiB fiir einenSaugling oder ein Kleinkind

oDruckretusche (als Stein­bearbeitungstechnik)

a) Gurtelbeschlag

b) GurtelschlieBe

wellenformige Spirale;Laufspirale;fortlaufender Wirbel

zugeschlagene GroBspitze(wahrscheinlich Ausgangs­stuck zur Herstellung vonfunazoko-gata-sekki)

(Jomon-) Statuette mitkronenformigem Aufsatz

mit Rollmustern verzieren

Axt

'ausladend' (Mundsaum);(ungenauer Ausdruck, keinTerminus)

Gewebe;Tuch;Textilware;Textur

(tiefe) Rillen (als Verzier­ungselement)

cloth texture or textile marks(on the base of a vessel)

tile with woven mesh im­prints

cylindrical axe with pointedbutt

pointed base with smallknob-like projection;knobbed base, nippled base

nucleus

burial jar for an infant

technique of pressure flaking

a) girdle metal-plaque,plaque-shaped belt fittingb) belt clasp

continuous scroll(s)

large bifacialpoint (supposedto be the core for producingthe funazoko-gata-sekki)

clay figurine with headgearor turban;'crowned' clay figurine

to apply ornaments by therouletting technique

axe

out-turned, everted (rim);(degree of evertion not de­signated by this expression;should be avoided)

cloth;woven goods

grooves (as ornamentation)

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752 osenbei-doki seez151:t N~V'±~

saisenmon-shikon-usude-doki

753 oshigata-mon see¥¥m;>t ~m;>t

kaiten-oshigata-mon

754 oten-mon¥J1J~;)(

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Punktverzierung

p

dots;punctations;punches

755 panchi-daho/~:Y rnt!

756 pachina/~ r j-

757 pite-kan-toropusul:0 :r jJ :Y r 0 7° .:A

758 pointo~-1:Yr

759 purein.buredo7°v -1 :Y7~ v-1 f

760 raifu(-seki)m*:E

761 rajio.kiibon.nendai-sokutei

7V';f·jJ-~:Y~

~ifJ.tlJE seehoshasei-tanso-nendai-sokutei

762 rakujotai-akkon­mon

*~1~BJE~;)(*JI

763 rakurowaru7-:70:;-)V

764 rameru7 ;J -}v see

kogata-sekijin765 ramu see buredo

7-A766 rankei-hando.

akkusug~%/'\:y ~.:r ':J ~ A

indirekte Abschlagtechnik

Patina

unkorrekte Schreibung furpiteku-antoropusul:0:r-:7. Y:Y r07°.:A

Spitze

(zu keiner bestimmten Typeverarbeitete) Klinge

R

'Donnerkeil'

Wickelschnur-Eindrucke

raeloirBreit(-klingen-)schaber

ovaler Biface

punch technique

patina

incorrect transcription for:piteku-antoropusul:0:r-jl. Y:Y r 07°.:A

point

plain blade

'thunderbolt'

string-wrapped dowel im­prints;coiled string impressionsraeloirflake-seraper

ovate form of hand-axe

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 49

767 raundo.sukurepa.77:/ r·:A:7 L/4

/~-

768 rei~

769 rekikaku~m

770 rekishi-jidai~.R~Ri

771 rekishi-kokogakuM~~~~

772 reki-sho~W

773 rekki~~

774 renko-monJ1i!5JJl3t

775 renshu-mon see:f!~3t shumon

776 renten-mon~~~3t

777 renzoku­yamagata-mon

:f!*111I%3t778 reppen see

~Jt hakuhen779 resseki-gun

jU~!f

780 retten-mon see5UJ~X tensen

781 rikajo-handoakkusu

~*M*:/'\ /' r y y :7 A

782 rittai-dosei-hin"iLe±~g

783 ro-ana1J!/~

784 ro-atom±Ll:

785 rokkaku-kiJ.mf13~

Rundschaber

Schelle (als Verzierungsele­ment an Bronzespiegeln undam Pferdegeschirr, etc.)Steinschiittung(urn den Sargoder Sarkophag im Kofun)

(Zeit der geschriebenen)Geschichtehistorische Archaologie, d.h.die Erfoschung der schrift­historischen Zeit mit ar­chaologischen MethodenSteinbettung;Kieselbettung (im Kofunftir der Sarkophag als Auf­und Unterlage)Ger6llartefakt (nicht in allenFallen Werkzeug)fortlaufende(s) Bogen(-Muster)

Punktreihe

fortlaufendes Zickzackmus­ter

(megalithische) Steinreihe

birnf6rmiger Biface

korperhafte Tonobjekte(Kegel, Kegelstumpf, etc.)mit Bohrung durch dieHauptachseFeuergrube auBerhalb derWohngrube, z.T. mit meh­reren Feuerstellen (Zweckunklar)Feuerstelle innerhalb derWohngrubeHornobjekt;Horngerat

round scraper

spherical bell (as attached toa bronze mirror, or used ashorse trappings)gravel filling or bedding (forthe coffin or sarcophagus ina kofun)(age of recorded) history

historical archreology, i.e.scientific study of the periodof recorded history by ar­chreological methodsgravel bedding;gravel ballast (supportingthe sarcophagus in a kofun)

pebble artifact (not neces­sarily a tool)continuous arcs

dotted line, row of puncta­tionscontinuous zigzag pattern

(megalithic) stone row

pear-shaped hand-axe(biface)

(cone-,frustum-, etc.shaped)clay solids with a perfora­tion through the main axis

fire-pit with one or morefireplaces outside the dwel­ling place (purpose un­clear)fireplace in a dwelling pit

deer-antler object or imple­ment

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786 rokkakusei­koshikazari

OOftJ~nfiffi

787 rokuro--a) fumi-rokuro r~-

b) te-rokuro ~-

788 romuo-A

789 romu-soO-A!fi-

790 roshutsu (suru)am-t0

791 rosutoro.kyarinetoOA to· ;ff9;f'\

- t792 (bunka) ruikei

:5C1~~~

793 ryo~

794 ryobo~.i~

795 ryo-eguriruut~

796 ryo-haruuJJ

797 ryokei-mon~%:5C

798 ryoken-pointoruu~;:G1/'t

799 ryokijun.atJ!~

800 ryomen-choseijilij1ij~~

801 ryosodegata­sekishitsu

jilij*ffi~:E"~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

'Huftschmuck' aus ge-schnitzten Hornstuckchen

Topferscheibea) T. mit FuBantriebb) Handscheibe

zu Lehm verwitterte Vul­kanasche(nschicht) (z.B. derKanto-Lehm)Lehmschicht

ausbeiBen (z.B. Muschel­schichtan derErdoberfHiche)Rostro-Carinete

(Kultur-)Pattern

Gratlinien auf der Dorsal­seite eines Klingengerates,bestehend aus den Randernvon Abschlagnegativenkaiserliches Hugelgrab;Graber fur den Kaiser undfur die Angehorigen derkaiserlichen Familiemit beidseitiger Kerbe oderSchultera) Schwert: mit Doppel­

schneide versehen, zwei­schneidig

b) Axt: mit Giebelschneide,Giebelschliff, Axtschnei­de versehen;

c) Chopping-tool-Schneidekonzentrisches Rautenmus­terStielspitze (z.B. vom TypFont Robert, Lyngby, etc.)

Quantitatskriterium

zweiseitige, bifaziale Zurich­tung oder BearbeitungGanggrabkammer mit derGangmiindung in der Mitteder Stirnwandsymmetrisches Ganggrab

waist or belt ornamentsmade of carved horn, antler,etc.potter's wheela) foot-operatedb) hand-operated

loam as weathered volcanicash deposit (e.g. the Kantoloam)loam bed

tocrop out(e.g. shells lyingonthe surface of a shell mound)rostrocarinate

pattern (of culture)

the ridges on the dorsal faceof a blade, consisting of theedges of flake scars

tombs of the emperor andthe imperial family

provided with two (opposite)nicks or shouldersa) sword: double-edge, two­

edged

b) axe: double-plane edge,axe-edge;

c) chopping-tool edgepattern of concentric lozen­gesdouble-shouldered point(e.g. Font Robert, Lyngby,etc.)criterion of quantity(criterion of accumulatedevidence)bifacial shaping or retouche

stone-built chamber in akofun where the entrancefrom the corridor is situatedat the centre of the front wall ;symmetrical passage graveor corridor tomb

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 51

802 ryotan-gekida Bipolarschlag bipolar blowrm5triffi.tr

803 ryoto-sekifu seeiUDEJDEt1$ dokko-ishi

804 ryoyoku-zoku zweiflugelige Pfeilspitze double-winged arrowhead

iUD~~

80S ryiijo-totte (zwei bis vier gegenstandig knob-shaped projections on

~W\1EF¥ angebrachte) Griffwarzen a vessel, to serve as handles;holding-knobs

806 ryiiki (verzierende) Fortsatze (auf (rim) projections;I~jffj dem Mundsaum); peaks

Mundsaumzipfung

807 ryiikisen-mon Tonrippen (dunn, schmal) slender clay ridges~jffj*~)(

808 ryiiko Schnabel eines GefaBes; beak (of a vessel)into Schneppe

809 ryiikotsujo-sekki Rostrocarinete rostrocarinatefB~tt:E~

810 ryiisen(-mon) Tonrippen(verzierung) ; clay ridge (ornament);~*~ manchmal anstelle von tottai stands sometimes for tottai

(mon) verwendet (mon)

811 ryiisui-mon Maander-Verzierung meander pattern, l'eau cou-iJit7](y:' rante

812 ryiiyokei-pointo Weidenblatt-Spitze willow-leaf pointWP~%~1 ~ I-

S813 saboko

~~ seesemasaki-doboko

814 saguri-bori Versuchsgraben; trial trench1*m Suchgraben

815 saibu-kako Feinretusche chipping, trimming*W$1JoI

816 saibun Feingliederung subdivision, subgrouping*W5t

817 saicho-sankakukei- Trapez-Rollmuster trapeziform roulettingoshigata-mon

~JJ{~jEj%tEflm)(818 saido-sukurepa a) Seitenschaber a) side scraper

-3-1 fA-!7L/-/~- b) Abschlaggerat mit b) flake with scraper edgeSchaberkante

819 saihei, -bei Zeremonialkeramik ceremonial ware~1t!L

820 sai-jinki Mikroklinge micro-blade~JJ~

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52 ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Seitenschaber

bemalte Keramik

Absplisse

Nachbearbeitung

a) microbladeb) small blademicroliths, such as micro­blades and -cores

painted pottery (in China:Yangshao)V-shaped tooth mutilation

reprocessing;repeated chipping or trim­ming;touch (up)painted pottery

side scraper

descriptive name for Kijimapottery (Shizuoka Pref.):thin-walled ware with deli­cately incised lines (latticework), applied clay ribs(vertical) and finger tip im­pressions (unintentionallyproduced?)archreological vestiges of areligious sitepainting (on the wall of avessel)food gathering economy

spalls, splinters

triangular (stone) arrowheadwith two serrated edges

three-period system;three-period theory

ridged or reinforced border(of a bronze mirror)

triradiate, Y-shaped, chip­ped stone object

dispersion (of objects foundscattered over a certain area)

(beim

Bemalung (der GefaBwand,etc.)aneignende Wirtschaft

a) Mikroklingeb) KleinklingeMikrolithen, wie z.B.Mikroklingen und -kern­sttickedeskriptiver Name ftir dieKijima-Keramik im Reg.­Bez. Shizuoka: dtinnwandigeKeramik mit feinen Linien(Gitterung), aufgetragenenTonleisten (senkrecht) undFingerspitzen-Eindrticken(intentionell?)Kultplatz (als Fundstelle)

bemalte Keramik: in ChinaYangshao im engeren Sinnktinstliche Zahneinkerbung

dreieckige Steinpfeilspitzemit gezahnten Schneiden

Dreiperiodensystem,-theorie

gekanteter RandBronze-Spiegel)

zugeschlagenes dreifltige-liges Steingerat

Streuung (von Funden tiberein~ FHiche)

821 saikakoff}j]OI

822 saimon-doki~)(±~

823 sai-sekijin~~3J

824 saisekki*HlE~

825 saisenmon-shikon­usude-doki

*Hl*J1t3tt~mtlJ~-±~

826 saishi-iseki~ff!5l3J!FtJj\

827 saishiki~13

828 saishii-keizaif*~*~~

829 saito$~

830 sajo-kenshi)(~1iJf~'

831 sakki/flU~

832 sakuhen1~U J=1

833 sameha-zoku~~~

834 san-jidai-kubun-ho~~tt~?t1*

835 sanjiki-ho~~lJIr! seesanjidai-kubun-ho

836 sankaku-buchi~j£j~

837 sankakusui-zoku~j£j jl$l see

sanryo-zoku838 sankyaku-sekki

~JmJE~

839 sanpuiffc~

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 53

840 sanryo-zoku~~~

841 sansai~~

842 san.tashuru-;T y 5' V .:L)1/

843 sanyoku-zoku~~~

844 sanzai (suru)~1£-t~

845 sara!.illl

846 sara2

~

847 satsumon(-shiki-)~3t:ct:±~ [doki

848 S.D.-ho.:r:.A • :T 1 ..- 7*

849 seidoki-jidai~~~Mf~

850 seido-sekki-jidai-flf j1JiJ:fi~Mft~

8S1 seikaiha-mon-~·m1Bl.3t

852 seikatsumen~,moo

853 seiryiito-sekki~~ft7J~~

854 seisei-doki~!M±~

855 seki-ba~J~

856 seki-bo:6~

857 sekichin:Eft

dreiflachige Pfeilspitze

trichrom-

unkorrekte Schreibung ftirsanto.ashuru (St. Acheul)-;T /' } • '7 V .:L )1/

dreifliigelige Pfeilspitze

vereinzelt auftreten (vonFunden innerhalb einesGebietes)Keramikform zwischen Un­tertasse und flachem TellerKeramikform: flache Schtis­sel oder tiefer Teller mitSchiisselrandI{eramik mit Ritz- undSchraffenverzierung (inHokkaido), sogenannte Sat­sumon-KeramikSequenz-Datierung

Bronzezeit

Bronze-Steinzeit

einander ungeordnet iiber­lagernde kreisformige Ein­drticke auf der Innenseitemancher SuegefaBe, durchEntgegenhalten eines run­denAmbosses bei der Erzeu­gung einer Schlagmuster­verzierung auf der AuBen­flache entstandengeschlosseneSiedlungsfHicheinnerhalb einer bestimmtenPeriodeeine Art hackmesserformigeflache SteinkeuleFeinkeramik

Steinpferd(wie Haniwa verwendet)Steinstab mit zwei knopf­artig abgesetzten Endenschnitzverzierte steinerneNackenstiitze (China, nord­liches Chou); nicht zu ver­wechseln mit £sh£makura

three-faced arrowhead

trichromic

incorrect transcription forsanto.ashuru (St. Acheul)-;T Yr· '7 V ::J-)1/

three-winged arrowhead

occurring sporadically,found here and there

pottery form ranging be­tween saucer and platedish-shaped pottery

pottery with incised design(in I-Iokkaido), so-calledSatsumon pottery

sequence dating

Bronze Age

Bronze-Stone Age

ring anvil marks on theinner surface of a Sue vessel,resulting from the pressurecreated when decoratingit on the outer surface witha bat or stamp

area of occupation at acertain period

kind of highly polished stonecleaverfinely manufacturedpotterystone horse (used in thesame way as a clay haniwa)bar-shaped stone club withtwo handle knobsornamentally carved stoneblock serving as neck-rest(China, Northern Chou); donot confuse with £sh£makura

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54

858 seki-choEt~

859 sekifuE*

860 sekigai-doko~~±J]t

861 seki-gii see gangii1J{~

862 seki-hi see ishisaji1J~

863 sekijin see buredo:EJJ

864 seki-jin-:ElA

865 sekijin-sekijii-:ElA ~Ei flltk

866 sekisei-an-:El~~

867 sekisei-funeEl!Y:~~

868 sekisei-gosuE~f1~

869 sekisei-hinE~£

870 sekisei-mozo-hin~~~~~ seesekisei-mozo-kigii

871 sekisei-mozo-kigiiE~~~~~

872 sekisei-ono~~1$

873 sekisei-tagane see~~~ sekisei-ono

874 sekisei-tosuEW7J::f

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Steingrabbau von festgesetz­ter Form (rund, viereckig,etc.)Steinbeil;Steinaxtlang-schmale Grabgrube mitDeckplatte(n)

a) anthropomorphe Stein­Haniwa

b) 'Grabwachter' in Chinazur Han-Zeit

Steinerne Grabwachter inmenschlicher und tierischerGestalt in China (Han-Zeit)ein sekisei-mozo-hin: flacherviereckiger Teller mit vierFtiBchen (Funktion unklar;Reibschale?)Steinimitation einer'Klarvorrichtung' (?):Steinplatte mit zwei durchZu- und Ablaufrinnen ver­bundenen Vertiefungen undeiner AbfluBbohrung imBoden

steinerne Deckelbtichse

sorgfaltig ausgefiihrte Stein­objekte, Grabbeigaben ftirsozial gehobene Bestattete

Steinimitationen verschie­dener Objekte als Grabbei­gabenSteinimitation von Eisen­beilen und -meiBeln

Steinimitation eines in derScheide steckenden Messers

stone-built tomb with fixedshape (circular, quadrangu­lar, etc.)stone axe;stone adzetrench-type burial pit withstone-slab cover

a) anthropomorphic stonehaniwa

b) stone statue used as tombguard in the Han period

anthropomorphic and zoo­morphic stone images, usedas tomb guards in Han Chinaa sekisei-mozo-hin: quadran­gular flat plate or saucer onfour tiny feet (function notquite clear; kind of quern?)stone replica of a trough orfilter bed (?): stone tabletwith two depressions inter­connected by waste- andfeed-water groove, and withone outlet perforationthrough the bottom (usagenot clear)small stone bowl with lid

carefully manufacturedstone objects buried as gravegoods with high-rankingpersons

stone replicas of variousobjects, used as grave goods

stone axe, adze or gougemodelled after the corres­ponding iron tool

stone replica of a knife Inthe sheath

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 55

seeishikiri

seeishiyari

875 sekisei-ki see~ tftWj sekki-jidai

876 sekishitsu-henka"EJt~1~

877 sekishitsu"E~

878 sekishitsu-fun:E~fJl

879 seki-so~ift

880 seki-suiE~

881 sekisuiE_

882 sekitoE7J

883 sekizoku"E~

884 sekka"Ex

885 sekkai:ti:tm

886 sekkaku1

"Eft887 sekkaku 2

"El¥x

888 sekkaku-bo"E1¥t~

889 sekkaku-chotoEft<~7J

890 sekkaku-sekkiEft<"E~

891 sekkan1

E~

892 sekkan2

Em893 sekkan3

;{:lifg

Patinierungan Steinobjekten

Grabkammer mit Steinaus­kleidungSteinkammergrab

Steingewicht;Netzsenker aus Steina) einkopfiger Steinstab mit

einer Schneideb) chinesisches ishi-bocho

Steinpfeilspitze

steinerne Stabdolchklinge(Hackdolchklinge), alsSteinimitation der entspre­chenden MetallwaffeKnollen

(Rest-) Nukleus

a) Steinumkleidung, Stein­schutz ftir den Sarg

b) Steinsarkophag (z.B. ausPlattenzusammengesetzt)

Grab mit sekkaku2

Kernstichel

Kernsttick, Kerngerat

'Sekkan', 'Steinkrone': ver­schieden groBes stempel­f6rmiges Steingerat mitGrifIknauf (verschiedeneTypen)

kleinformatiger Steinkeulen­kopf; vergl. konboto-sekki

jeder zur Aufnahme desLeichnams bestimmte, ausStein hergestellte Behalter;ausgehohlter Steinsarg;Plattensarg

patination of stone artifacts

stone burial chamber

tomb with stone chamber

stone weight;net sinkera) single-edged stone club

with one knob for handleb) Chinese ishi-bocho

stone arrowhead

stone copy of a metal pick­dagger (,halberd')

nodule

core, nucleus

a) stone structure protectingthe coffin

b) stone sarcophagus (e.g.built of stone slabs)

grave with sekkaku2

core graver

core tool

sekkan, stone crown, stonehat: stamp-shaped stone ob­ject with more or less broadbody and knob handle(various types)

small ring-shaped mace­head; cf. konboto-sekki

any stone-made repositoryin which the corpse is placed;dugout stone coffin;slab-built coffin

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(chronologisch) vorausgehen; to precede;fruher anzusetzen sein to antecedeVorHiufer predecessor

894 sekkan-bo1itf;~

895 sekken76~U

896 sekki~~

897 sekki-bunka~~5C1t

898 sekki-jidai~~~~

899 sekkijidai-bochi";fi~~~£:Im

900 sekkijidai-dokiE~~~±~

901 sekkijidai­magatama

~~~f~1;].:E

902 sekko see~~ dokko-ishi

903 semasaki-doboko~~~~

904 semasaki-doka~~~X

905 sen-Jt

906 sendo see endo~m

907 sendo-bo see~m~ endo-bo

908 sendo-mon see~~F~ enmon

909 seni-doki~*l±ff

910 senjo-jomon-doki*~W\*I3t±~

911 sen-jomon-bunka5t*13t3t{fj

912 sen-jiimin7'c{±~

913 senkei-en~~*~

914 (ni) senko (suru)VL7'crr-t~

915 senku9G~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Grab mit sekkan3

einkopfiger Steinstab mitzwei SchneidenSteinobjekt;SteingeratKultur der (Alt-)Steinzeit

Steinzeit;die lithische Stufesteinzeitliches Grabareal

Steinzeit-Keralnik, seltenverwendeter Ausdruck flirJomon-Keramikeine Art Magatama ausKrallen, Zahnen, Horn,Knochen, Stein, etc.(Jomon-Zeit)

langschmale Tlillenlanzen­spitze aus Bronze

schmaler Bronze-Hackdolch(Stabdolch)

pra-

Keramik mit Pflanzenfaser­magerungSchnurverzierung euro­paisch-sibirischen StilsPra-Jomon-Kultur(keramiklose Steinzeit­kultur)

Urbewohner

gezipfter Mundsaum

grave containing a sekkan3

double-edged stone clubwith one handle knobstone object;stone implement(palreolithic) Stone AgecultureStone Age;the lithic stageStone Age burial place

Stone Age pottery;term sometimes used forJomon potterycomma-shaped objects madeof teeth, tusks, claws, horn,antler, bone, etc. (Jomonage)

bronze spearhead, socketedand with a long narrowbladebronze pick-dagger(halberd)with narrow bladepre-

fibre-tempered pottery

cordedware, cord-impressedpottery (e.g. Europe,Siberia)pre-Jomon culture;pre-ceramic culture;pre-pottery culture (non­ceramic culture)aborigine(s)

peaked rim

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 57

916 senro-shujutsu~_:f.m

917 senro-zugai~-~jI

918 senshigaku7t*-~

919 senshigaku­genshigaku

Jt~~JJfl:~~

920 senshi-jidai5t~~f\i

921 senshi-kokogakuJt~~iJ~

922 sentei~~

923 sento-ki~Sil~

924 sesshoku-chitai~~ttB~

925 Setouchi-giho~prg~* see

yokohagi-sekihen926 setsugo

~-@t

927 shagyo-jomon#4ff*Ji)t

928 shakkotsuit:J*

929 shakkotsusei-R*~*~ [daishin

930 shakoki-dogii~J't~±f~

931 shakoki-monyo~7't~5tf*

Trepanation (als Operation)

Schadel mit Trepanation;trepanierter Schadel

Urgeschichte als Wissen­schaft vom Menschen undseiner Kultur in vorschrift­Hcher Zeit

Ur- und Friihgeschichte alsFacher

die urgeschichtliche Zeit alsder vorschriftliche Abschnittin der Menschheits- undKulturentwicklung

urgeschichtliche Archaolo­gie: Erforschung der vor­schriftlichen Menschheits­periode mit den Methodender Archaologie

Spitzboden

Gerat mit Arbeitsspitze(keine Typenform)

Beriihrungszone (zweierKultur- und Verbreitungs­gebiete)

(Setouchi-Technik)

Naht (bei Zusammenset­zung eines GefaBes ausmehreren Teilen· sichtbar)

schrages Flachenjomon

Orakelknochen

Knochenahle (aus der ulnaeines Wildschweins oderHirschen)

Tonstatuette mit 'Schnee­brillen' (Augen mit 'Seh­schlitz')

Spaltscheiben-Verzierung;Spaltscheibenkette

trepanation (as operation)

skull with trepanation;trepanned skull

prehistory as the scientificstudy of man and his culturein preliterate times

pre- and protohistory assciences

prehistory as the preliterateperiod in the developmentof man and culture

prehistoric archreology:scientific study of preliteratetimes of human culture byarchreological methods

pointed bottom (of vessel)

point (any kind of pointedtool, not a type)

contact zone of two culturesor areas of distribution

(Setouchi technique)

suture or seam (showingwhere parts of a vessel weresoldered or luted together)

(an area filled with) obliqueJomon impressions

oracle bone

bone awl (made of the ulnaof a boar or stag)

goggle-eyed clay figurine

pattern consIstIng of hori­zontally split discs, in mostcases arranged in a row orchain;split-disc pattern;coffee-bean pattern

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932 shakoshi (me)-mon#4~~-r§5C

933 shamisen-dokei­sekifu

.=?~*~m%E~

934 sharin-sekiIf[~E

935 shasen-iri-sankakuf.f4*~J\~fi1

936 shiagef±J:vf

937 shidajo-mon$~~5C

938 shiga-kako~7f1JDI

939 shiga-suishoku~~~t!h~ffi

940 shi-14Lv'\14· v114see hoshasei-tanso­

nendai-sokutei941 shijo-choto*

~~m;7J

942 -shiki~

943 shiki-bomfif!~

944 shikiishii5cll

945 shikiishi-jiikyo(shi)~E{±m (JEll:)

946 shiki-jo see1~f'f3t shiki-bo

947 shikki-jun1(~Ji~

948 shikon1~1R

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

schrage Gitterungschraggestelltes Gittermus­terveralteter Ausdruck ftirteikaku-shiki-sekifu

Steinnachahmung eineskaiwa

Dreieck mit Innenstriche­lung, mit SchrafIenftillungAusfiihrung;OberfHichenbehandlung(z.B. der Oberflache einesGefaBes)Sammelnameftir Ornament­streifen, bestehend aus eini­genHauptmotivenderspatenJomonverzierung (z.B. S­Haken, T -Motiv, Dreizack),kombiniert mit ausfiillendenPunktreihen

artifizielle Zahndeformation

Schmuckanhanger ausZahnmaterialC-14

Schnabelstichel

Typ(us);Stil, etc. (kein von zutrefIen­der Terminus in westlichenSprachen)Kommandostab'Pfeilstrecker'Steinpflasterung (in einerWohngrube, einem Stein­kreis, etc.)Wohnplatz mit stein-gepflastertem Boden

Qualitatskriterium

Fingertupfen

oblique, diagonal latticework

obsolete expression forteikaku-shiki-sekifu

stone object imitating akaiwahatched triangle

finishing treatment (e.g. ofthe surface of a vessel)

collective term for ornamen­tal zones consisting of con­tiguously arranged elementsof late Jomon pattern (e.g.S-figure, T -figure, triple­rayed motif), accompaniedby rows of punctations finingthe intervalstooth mutilation

pendant made from teeth;tusk-pendantC-14

beaked graver

type;style, etc. (no adequate termexisting in Western langua­ges)baton de commandement'shaft-straightener'stone paving (in a dwellingpit, stone circle, etc.)

dwelling site with stone­paved floor

criterion of quality (crite­rion of specific resemblance)finger-tip impressions

:I(: In most cases read kuchibashijo-choto.

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 59

949 shikutsu~#ti1

950 shi-kyakuxJltD

951 shimadagata­~EB%E1f= [sekifu

952 shimonJM)(

953 shin-sekki1ikaiJfE~~ft

954 shinogii~

955 shintai-soshoku-Jtft~iffitf6 [hin

956 shin(ten)-so1$ (~) ~

957 Shirataki-gata­funazoko-sekki

Bii~*JJ.fE~

958 shi-ryo-zoku1Z9~~

959 shiseki-bo5l:~jf;

960 shito-no-akkon see1§'fiJi OJ}E1I{ shikon

961 shitotsu-monQ'iIJ~)(

962 shizen-gaku see~wJ~ senshi-gaku

963 shizen-ibutsuf3?:&3!~

964 shizen-menf3?:&iif

965 shizen-soEI?:&M

Probegrabung ;VersuchsgrabungStiitzfuB (filr GefaBe)

SteinhackemitSeiteneinzug;geigenformige Steinhackedas Anbringen, Auftragen,einer VerzierungNeolithikum ;Jungsteinzeit ;Keramikumjede verstarkende Linie aneiner Schwertklinge oderLanzenspitze, z.B. Mittel­rippeKorperschmuck

Streckbestattung

Shirataki-Kerngerat :a) kielformiges Gravierin­

strument mit einem poly­edrisch gekehlten Ende( Y ubetsu-Technik)

b) Gerat wie a) als Aus­gangsstiick zum Ab­schlagen von Klein- undMikroklingen

vierflachige Pfeilspitze

a) Dolmenb) unterirdische Bestattung

mit oberirdische Deck­steinplatte

Stichverzierung

Naturobjekte (im Verbandmit Artefakten)

natilrHehe 0 berflache (einesSteins im Gegensatz zurAbschlagflache) ;Matrix;Kortex

natiirlich ab- oder angela­gerte Schicht;natiirliche Ab- oder Anlage­rung

trial excavation

vessel or vase support

violin-shaped, pandurateaxe or adzethe application of anornamentNeolithic Age

the reinforced part of asword-blade or spearhead,e.g. the mid-rib

body ornaments;accessoriesextended burial;burial in extended positionShirataki-type boat-shapedtool:a) a kind of keeled (core)

burin(engraver) with onepolyhedrically flutedend (Yubetsu technique)

b) artifact similar to (a), usedas core for flaking offsmall and micro-blades

four-faced arrowhead

a) megalithic dolmenb) subterranean burial with

stone slab cover on thesurface

punctures, punched design

natural remains (as findsaccompanied by artifacts)

natural surface (of a stone,in contradiction to e.g. flakesurface);matrix;cortex

natural deposit;natural sediment(ation)

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60

966 shogeki-ten1i~Jt

967 shogun-zuka~.~

968 shokakigata­haniwa

m*~%f@~

969 shokei-doki~%±~

970 shokkakugata­tsuka-gashira

~ffi ft1 %;fl13fiji

971 shokkaku-shiki­tsukagashira

~~ft1~;fpi~ seeshokkakugata­

tsukagashira

972 shosei~IDZ

973 shosekki seelli-E~ eorisu

974 shoshitsu-jiikyo-shi771 i~{±l*±Il:

975 shiichin-dokifIB~±~

976 shiihen-bunkamljl)({t

977 shiiki{t~

978 shiikonD~

979 shumon~)(

980 shiiraku-shi~~±Il:

981 shiisei-zu~p'x:fij

982 shii-so

*~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Schlagpunkt;Schlagstelle

(Lokalbezeichnung mancherKofun als 'Generals-hugel')

'Feuerloscher-Haniwa' :Haniwa in Formeines Tachi­Griffes (Tachi : eine ArtKurzschwert)

FiguralgefaB

Antennengriff(eines Schwertes)

Brand (eines GefaBes)

Moorbau

Sammelname fur kleinfor­matige Grobkeramik im T6­hoku-Gebiet zur spatestenJomonzeit

Randkultur

Hauskeramik

Graben urn ein Kofun

a) (Bronze-) Knotchenver­zierung (auf Bronzespie­geln, etc.)

b) manchmal anstelle vonenkeifu-mon

(urzeitliche) Siedlung (Sam­melbegriff ohne Rucksichtauf die Form)

Corpus

Bootsbestattung (als Lei­chenaussetzung auf einemBoot bzw. das Begrabendesselben

point of applied force

'General's Mounds': localname for some of the kofun

'fire-extinguisher haniwa':haniwa depicting the hilt ofa tachi (kind of short sword)

figurative vessel;figure pottery

antennae-shaped finial onthe hilt of a sword

firing (of pottery)

moorland dwelling site

collective term for smallhouse pottery of latest Jo­mon age in Tohoku area

marginal culture

domestic pottery

enclosing moat or ditch (of akofun)

a) papilla ornament (smallpimple-like mounds) onbronze mirrors, etc.

b) sometimes used forenkeifu-1non

(prehistoric) settlement (col­lective term, not referringto any special type)

corpus

boat-burial (exposure of thecorpse on a ship or boat, aswell as the interment of theboat itself)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 61

983 shutsudom±

984 so-bo~J!

985 sochi~:Im

986 sodenashigata­seki-shitsu

1mfmmE~fm1m~E~

987 soen-funJ)(rilJt

988 soho-chiien-fun~)()j r:f.1 P1:tJl see

chiien-soho-fun989 soi

}ffift

990 soi-kankei}ff{ft~m{~

991 sojo see soiJl-ff

992 so(gen)-keim(Im)~

993 sokei-fum%~·JllElm*

994 sokei-ishibochom%1)@T

995 saki1f.Wj

996 sokketsu­{~)Jj(

997 soko-dokiJ)(O±~

998 soko-ishibocho~flEJ@:T

999 sokuga-so1JtIJCiA~

1000 soku-seki1Jt1J-;fi

(wurde) ausgegrabengefunden (werden) ;anfallenZwillings-Kofun

Grund (als RohfHiche einesGefaBes, auf die der Schlik­ker etc. aufgetragen wird)Grabkammer mit nicht(stark) ausgepragter Tren­nung von Gang und Kam­mer (ahnlich gallery grave)ktirbisformiges Kofun;Zwillings-Kofun in Formeiner 8

die stratigraphischeSituation;die StratigraphieSchichtenbeziehung

Prototyp

Kernbeil

'Prototyp des ishibocho':jomonzeitliches rechteckigesSteintafelchen (Funktionunbekannt)

frtihestes

mit Kerbe versehen (z.B.typische Kerbspitze desSolutreen)

V-GefaB

Erntemesser mit Doppel­bohrung

Bestattung in Seitenlage

Wandplatten (einer Stein­kiste, eines Steinsarkophagesetc.)

(was) excavated;discovered

twin kofun;twin tombground (of a vessel, on whichthe slip or painting etc. isapplied)burial chamber with noclearly marked differencebetween corridor and cham­ber (similar to gallery grave)gourd-shaped kofun;twin kofun;tangential circular knollslike an 8

stratigraphical situation;stratigraphy

correlation of strata

prototype

(mesolithic) pick

prototype of the ishiboch0:rectangular stone tablet, Jo­mon age (function un­known)

earliest

having a notch or shoulder(e.g. the Solutrean typicalshouldered point)

V-shaped vessel

rice reaper with two per­forations

burial (of corpse lying downon the side as in sleep)

side walls (of a stone cist,sarcophagus, etc.)

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1001 sokyaku-rinjo- zahnradartiggezackte Kreis-~;(JltIJ_**)( [mon figur mit zwei fuBformigen

Fortsatzen (Wandmalerei ineinigen soshoku-kofun)

62

1002 somenjo-nendojii­mon

~~Htk*r5±m)('/ -.J y~*~±mj(

1003 so-mon~)t

1004 sonsojt~

1005 sosei-doki*1l~±~

1006 sosei-kumiawase­shiki-sekkan

*1l~*Jl€t:rt~,rgsee kumiawase-

shiki-sekkan1007 soshin-gu

~Jr~

1008 soshoku-kofun~j1l5ttJl

1009 soshoku-sekki~jffi~~

1010 sotai-nendai1§t1i:F~

1011 soto-sori~DZ9

1012 sudarejo-mon_~)t

1013 Sue-ki3J{~~

1014 suiden-shi71< B3 ill:

1015 suichoku-gekida!§~-tr

1016 suihei-damen7.l<ZlitrOO

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Tonfadenmuster;Tonleistchenverzierung

a) einfache, kunstloseVerzierung

b) bloBe GefaBoberfHiche

Hockerbestattung

Grobkeramik;Hauskeramikroh ausgefiihrte(r) Platten­sarg oder Steinkiste, etc.

Korperschmuck

Kofun mit Wandverzierun­gen in der Grabkammerzigarren- oder bananenfor­miges Steinobjekt mit ein­geschnittener Verzierung(Funktion noch unbekannt)relative Chronologie;relatives Datum;relativ-chronologischeStellungkonkave (Riicken-) Kriim­mung (eines Schwertes)

gestufte Schraffen-Verzie­rung, zonenformig angeord­net

Sue-Keramik, Topferwareder Kofun-Zeit

urzeitliches NaBfeld (als re­konstruiertes Gelande)

senkrechter Schlag (auf dieSchlagplattform)

waagrechte Schlagplattform

cog-wheel shaped circle withtwo ribbon-like short pro­jections on the lower edge(wall painting in some of thesoshoku-kofun)applied clay-noodle pattern;design of applied clay rib­bons

a) plain and unspecificdesign

b) unadorned surface (of avessel)

flexed or contracted burial

coarse pottery;house-warecrudely built slab coffin orstone cist, etc.

body ornaments; accessories

kofun with decorated cham­ber walls; decorated tombcigar- or banana-shapedstoneobject with ornamentalcarvings (usage still un­known)relative date;relative chronological posi­tion

a concave curve (referring toa sword with a concavecurved back)

discontinuous hatchuresdesign (kind of 'stab-and­drag'), arranged in narrowrows

Sue pottery (kind of proto­historic pottery of the KofunPeriod)

paddy-field site(reconstruction)

perpendicular percussion,vertical blow

horizontal striking platform

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

1017 suii-keishikiftE~mA

1018 suishoku~iffi

1019 suishokuzuke­mimikazari

~i1P#1}j1fj

1020 sukurepa.A ~ V -- /-~ --

1021 sukurepa-gata­ishisaji

.A ~ v-/~-W.E~

1022 sumoru.buredo.A ..:c --)V . 7~ v -1 r

see kogata-sekijin1023 supiin-gata-ishisaji

.A 7° -- )/m~~1024 suriishi

mE1025 surikeshi-jomon

~m*f{t1(

1026 surikiri-sekifu~-W]E1f=

1027 surippu.A 9 './ 7

0 seekesho-nendo

1028 sutanpugata­dosei-hin

.A 5' :/7°%±~£1029 suton.sakuru

.Ar-)/·-;J--~)V

1030 suzu-kushiro~iJI\

1031 tai (bu)~($)

1032 taidoiji:t±

1033 tai-jomonmtJm;t

Ubergangsform;differenzierte, aber zusam­menhangende Form(en)

(Schmuck-) Anhanger

Ohrgehange

Schaber

breiter Griffknopfschabermit terminaler Schaberkante

spatelformiger Griffknopf­schabera) Reibsteinb) GlattsteinVerzierungseffekt durch denGegensatz von Jomon­abdruckmuster und figuralenfreien FHichen;Jomon-Glatt-Verzierungaus dem Stein herausge­schnittenes Steinbeil, zuge­schnittenes Steinbeil, oderebenso hergestellte Axt

stempelformiges Tonobjektmit Griffzapfen und ritzver­zierter StempelflacheSteinkreis

Schellenarmring

TTulle

die zur Herstellung vonKeramik aufbereitete Ton­masseZonen-Jomon;zonale Jomon-Verzierung

transitional form;successive forms

pendant

ear ornament with pendants

scraper

stemmed transverse scraperwith the edge opposite thestem

spatulate stemmed scraper

a) grindstoneb) polishing stone'erased Jomon pattern': or­namentation created by thecontrast of alternate Jomon­impressed and plain areas

stone axe or adze, shaped bythe stone-cutting technique

stamp-shaped clay objectwith handle and incised face

stone circle

jingle-bracelet (i.e. bronzebracelet fitted on the outeredge with several small bells)

socket

paste, i.e. the prepared clayfor making earthenware

zoned cord impression

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1040 takotsubogata-doki!1!14~%±~

1041 takuhont1=i*

1042 takukei-doseihin~%±~&:t seetakotsubogata-doki

1043 tamabera:fm

1044 tamaki-=f._

1045 tama-toishi:f~E

1046 tamentai-chc3tc3~1ifUm37J

1047 tanda-chc3tc3¥rrm37J

1048 tansai(-doki)¥~(±~)

1049 tanshiki-kamekan.A~;tg

1034 taijc3-monm~5t

1035 tai-kc3lfffitJ

1036 taipu:917

0

1037 taisoku~JE

1038 takatsuka~~

1039 takatsuki~if

seefunrc3

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

zonale Verzierung;ZonenverzierungGurtelhaken ;GurtelschlieBe(keramischer) Formenkreis

HohlfuB;euterformiger StandfuB(eines GefaBes)

Standerschale

Miniaturtopf mit Rund­boden und einer Halswand­durchbohrung, oder durch­bohrtem Bodenzapfen(GefaBhohe 10 cm)Abschummerung, Abklatsch

langlichesSchmuckplattchenmit Bohrung (Serpentin)Armband, aus aufgefadeltenTeilen bestehend

Schleifstein ftir Schmuck­stuckePolyeder-Stichel

Einschlag-Stichel

monochrom(e Keramik)

(Sauglings- oder Kinder-)Bestattung in einem einzi­gen GefaB

zoned, bandlike design orpatternbelt fastener;belt hook(pottery) type as norm ofclassificationhollow foot or leg (of avessel)

stem-cup or-bowl

toy pot with rounded bottomand one wall-perforation atthe neck, or with perforatedpointed base (height about10 cm)rubbing; ink-squeeze

oblong (serpentine) tabletwith a hole at one endbracelet consisting of a num­ber of parts, e.g. beads,threaded or strung on a cordwhetstone for polishinggemspolyhedric graver

single blow graver

monochrome (pottery)

(infant) burial in a single jar

1050 tanso no monyo¥ ~ C1.) )eft see

somon

1051 tanzakugata­(dasei-)sekifu

%I-Hft%(rr~)EJf=

1052 tare-kazari see~i1jj suishoku

1053 tasai(-doki)$~(±~)

zugeschlagenes vierkantigesSteinbeil von nahezu rech­teckiger Form

polychrom(e Keramik)

rectangular and four­cornered chipped stone axeor adze

polychrome (pottery)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

1054 tataki-ishi seertJZE ishizuchi

1055 tatakimenpI3

1056 tateana1 see chika-~~ [shiki-ko

1057 tateana2

~/(

1058 tateana-jiikyo-shi~1Cf.tl*±It

1059 tateana-shiki­sekishitsu

~1CA:6~

1060 tateana-shiki­~1CA:6m[sekkaku

see tateana-shiki­sekishitsu

1061 tateishi-(han-)enkei-retsu

JI"E (*)F9%511Jsee kuromulekku

1062 tateishiliE

1063 tateishi-iko.11:15"31*1

1064 tatejima-hakuri~~~Ulill

1065 tato-kanseki see~EJ! m:6 tato-sekifu

1066 tato-sekifu~EJi:61$

1067 tato-sekkon~M"E*i

1068 teaburigata-doki:=p~*%±~

Schlagmuster

a) senkrechte Vertiefungoder Grube, wie Herd­grube, Vorratsgrube, etc.

b) Abkurzung fur Wohn­grube (tateana-jukyo-shi)

Wohngrube;Grubenwohnungam hochsten Punkt einesKofun eingelassene lang­gestreckte Grubenkammer;Grabenkammer

a) Stiitz-oderAbgrenzungs­markiersteine am Randevon Hugelgrabern

b) manchmal fur Menhirverwendet

'Sonnenuhr':(megalithische)Anlage, bestehend aus einemZentralmenhir und radialdavon ausgehenden liegen­den Steinen

senkrechte Kehlung (beste­hend ausAbschlagnegativen)

scharfrandige gezackteScheibenkeule

Stern(kopf)keule

Verdeckschale ;Schale mit Halbkuppeldach

bat impressions;paddle stamps

a) vertical pit or depressiondug into the ground, usedas fireplace, storage pit,etc.

b) Abbreviation for pitdwelling (tateana-jukyo­shi)

dwelling pit;pit-dwellingtrench-type burial chamber,sunken burial chamber, inthe top of a kofun

a) buttress stones, gravemarkers, surrounding aburial mound

b) sometimes used for men-hir

'sun dial' : (megalithic) con­struction consisting of onemenhir in the centre ofradially arranged stone bars

vertical fluting (consisting offlake scars)

discoidal mace-head withsha~-edged spokes

spoked mace-head

vessel shaped like charcoalhand-wanner;bowl with dome-shaped'roof';'stoup'

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66

1069 tedama-=¥:f.

1070 tei(bu)~$

1071 Tei-Eru-Vi-shiki­kyo

TLV-shiki-kyo-r 1 :r-}V rj 1 t =:P-~T LV} ;I:~~JC

see hokaku-kiku­mon-kyo

1072 teikaku-shiki­(masei-)-sekifu

5EfiJA(~~)"E*

1073 teikei-sekki$%"E~

1074 teitaiteki-genshi­bunka

1*~a~JJj{~it~{t1075 tekka

ltJt1076 tekken

_AAU

1077 tekkengata-doken_AAU%~AAU

1078 tekkengata-sekken~AAU%"E~U

1079 tekki-bunka~~3t1t

1080 tekki-jidai_~Mf~

1081 tekujiri see:¥~ tezukune

1082 tengu nohanagata-sentei

x~1t]([)_%~Jre

1083 tengu no hanagata­totte

x~([)_%re:¥

1084 ·tengu no masakarix~([)~

see raifu(seki)

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Perlenarmband

StandfHiche (eines GefaBes)

steinernes (geschliffenes)Vierkantbeil mit planenoder konvex gewolbtenBahnen und Seitenflachen;ebensolche Vierkantaxttrapezformiges Artefakt

urttimliche Kultur mit seB­hafter Lebensweise

eiserner Hackdolch oderStabdolchzweischneidiges, manchmaleinschneidiges,Eisenschwertmit gerader oder leicht S­formig geschweifter Klingebronzener Griffzungendolchmit parallelen Schneiden alsBronzeimitation des tekken

Steindolch mit Griffzungeund parallelen Schneiden,dem eisernen Vorbild nach­geformt

eisenzeitliche Kultur

Eisenzeit

gezipfter Spitzboden;Zapfenboden

NasenhenkelGriffnase (an einem GefaB)

bracelet made of a string ofbeads

base (of a vessel)

quadrangular stone axe oradze with plane or slightlyconvex sides

trapezoid artifact

primitive sedentary culture

iron halberd;iron pick-daggerdouble- (sometimes single-)edged iron sword withstraight or slightly S-curvedbladebronze imitation of an irontekken with parallel edgesand tongued hilt

stone imitation of an irontekken with parallel edgesand flat tang

Iron Age culture

Iron Age

pointed base of a vessel withspike- or tap-like projection;peg-foot;tap-foot

nose-shaped handle

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

1085 tengu no meshisaji7(am Q) jOCIt

see ishisaji

1086 tensen~*~

1087 tenshikei-sekifu_~~%E*

1088 teppu

~*1089 terakotta-T7-::J';J!7

1090 tesso

~*

1091 tetsu-boko~~

1092 tetsuzoku

-~1093 tezukune:f.i5!td-

1094 toban~*JX

1095 todan~51¥

1096 tofu

~*1097 togarine

~~N

1098 togari-zoko see~~ sentei

1099 tohoka-yoshiki*h1tf*~

1100 Tokachi-ishi+WJ::6

1101 to-kan~tg

1102 toki (shita) kaigarat)t~ ( L te. ) Jl~

1103 tokki~~

('Hexenloffel')

Punktreihe

Walzenbeil

Eisenbeil oder -axt

Terracotta

a) EisenspieB mit Schaft-angel

b) Partisanec) wie tetsu-bokoeiserner TiillenspieB ver­schiedener Form, manchmalmit einseitiger Zacke oderParierscheibeeiserne Pfeilspitze

Formen (des GeHiBes) ausder I-IandAmboB zum Entgegenhal­ten auf der InnenfHiche desGeHiBes wahrend die Aus­senfHiche bearbeitet wirdSchleuderkugel (aus Tonoder Stein)Streitaxt

schmale eiserne Pfeilspitze(ab mittlerer Kofun-Zeit)

orientalisierender Stil

Obsidian

Tonsarg;TonsarkophagMuschelabfall, weggeworfe­ne Muschelschalen in einerWohngrube etc. (zum Un­terschied von einem syste­matisch angelegtenMuschel­haufen)Zipfung (des Mundsaums)

dotted linerow of punctations

cylinder axe

iron axe or adze

terracotta

a) iron pike with tangb) partisanc) in some cases same as

tetsu-bokosocketed iron pike(-head) ofvarious shapes, in somecases with a beak on one side,or discoidal guardiron arrowhead

modelling (of the vessel) byhandblock or anvil buttressing theinside of a vessel while it isbeing stamped or decoratedon the outsidesling-ball (clay or stone)

battle-axe

kind of slender iron arrow­head, appearing in middleKofun Period

orientalized style

obsidian

ceramic coffin or sarcopha­gusmollusc shells and similarkitchen refuse within adwelling pit (not a shell­mound)

peaks (on the rim of a vessel)

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68

1104 tokutei-ryoiki*~5EM~

1105 tomebari-'i~

1106 tomo~

1107 tomoegata-dokiEJ~~~

1108 tomoegata-sekisei-~*E~86 [hin

1109 tomoegata-tama

~*~1110 tomogata-haniwa

~*il1M-1111 torenchi

} l//'7-

1112 torigata-dokiJ~*±~

1113 torosu}O:A

1114 tosshi-mon see~mIJ~shitotsu-mon

1115 tossui~~

1116 tosu7J~

1117 tottai-mon1 see81r¥¥~ tottai-mon2

1118 tottai-mon2

~1r¥¥~

1119 totte

m~

1120 totsuryii81m

1121 tsubamegata­morigashira

~*~.¥lJ!

1122 tsubo-kan~ttg

1123 tsuchibue see±* kiido-doban

1124 tsuchidama±S¥r

1125 tsuchigaki±t:i~

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

spezifisches Verbreitungsge­bietFibel;Stecknadelledernes Armschutzkissen(zum Schutz gegen denAufprall der Bogensehne)

bronzener Hakenwirbel mitZentralbuckelSteinnachbildungen destomoegata-d6ki

kommaformige Anhanger(wie z.B. magatama)

Haniwa in Form eines tomo

Graben

Vogel-(formiges) GefaB

Tholos

Ahle

handliches Messer kleinerenFormats mit etwas ge­krtimmtem Rticken

(aufgetragene) Tonleisten­verzierung (oft statt ryiisen­mon verwendet)Henkel

(Ton)warzen;(Ton)buckelnSchwalbenschwanz­Harpune

BestattungsgefaB ftir(Klein-) Kinderbestattung

SchleudergeschoB aus Ton;SchleuderkugelSammelname ftir Breithak­ken aller Art

specific area of distribution

fibula;pinleather wrist guard;bracer (protecting the wristagainst the back-kick of thebow-string)bronze cogwheel plaque withcentral bossstone copy of the tomoegata­d6ki

comma-shaped pendant(e.g. the magatama)

haniwa representing a tomo

trench

bird-shaped vessel

tholos

awl

small knife with slightlycurved back

clay rib ornament (oftenstands for ryiisen-mon)

handle

(clay) bosses;(clay) wartsharpoon-head with swallow­tailor pronged base

vessel used as coffin (forinfant burial)

clay sling-ball

collective term for all kindsof broad-edged axes or adzes

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 69

1126 tsugikuchi seeB:[] chiiko

1127 tsui-so~$

1128 tsu-ji-gata-totte'0::f:%fE*

1129 tsiijo-chotoffil'm~7J

1130 tsukam

1131 tsukaana~/(

1132 tsukagashirare1iJl m~~

1133 tsukiif

1134 tsukikobu-mon~~)(

1135 tsukuridashi~tf1L

1136 tsumegata-monJT\%)(

1137 tsumiishi-shiki­mokkaku-shitsu

f!;r:i;r.t*m~

1138 tsumiishi-zukaflE~

1139 tsunamon-dokiW)(.±~

1140 tsunogata-chotofl]%~JJ

1141 tsunogata-tottefl]%re=¥

1142 tsuruhashigata-1tl~%~~ sekki

Erganzungsbestattung;Nachbestattung(englichtiger) Schlingenhen­kel;Schleifenhenkel

Mittelstichel

Stiel;Griff

volkstiimliche Bezeichnungeines yokoana-shiki­sekishitsu

Schwertknauf

flache Schale, Schussel mitoder ohne: Deckel, Rund­boden und StandfuBBlaschenverzierung (kleine,durch von innen nach auBengerichtete Stiche aufgetrie­bene Erhohungen auf derGefaBoberflache)zwei einander gegeniiber­liegende Vorspriinge an denBiihnenflanken mancherzenpo-koen-fun

Fingernagelabdrticke,-eindrtickeBestattung mit h6lzernemSarggehause und Stein­schiittung (Steinpackung)groBer Steingrabhiigel;Riesen-CairnSeilkeramik;Tsunamon-Keramik (GefaBzeigt tiber die gesamteOberflache spiralig aufsteig­ende Seileindrticke)

Eckstichel

Stielhenkel;Antennenhenkel (an einemGefaB)Spitzkeil

additional burial (after re­opening of the grave)

loop-handle

ordinary graver

handle;shaft;hiltpopular expression foryokoana-shiki-sekishitsu

sword pommel

kind of small dish with orwithout lid, rounded bottomand stemblister ornament (small pim­ple-like swellings raised bypuncturing the vessel-wallfrom the inner side)

two opposite projections onthe sides of the wing of somezenpo-koen-fun

(finger)nail impressions;bracket ornamentburial chamber with woodensarcophagus and stone (peb­ble) fillinglarge cairn (larger than anordinary one)rope-impressed pottery;rope-coiling pottery;tsunamon-style pottery(entire surface is coveredwith horizontally arrangedimpressions of thick ropecoiling)angle graver

horn-shaped handle (of avessel)

stone peeker

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1143 tsuritegata-doki~-=.p%±~

1144 tsutsugata-doki~%~a

1145 tsutsugata-sekisei-~%n~g [hin

1146 tsuzumigata-dosei-~~%±~£ [hin

1147 tsuzumigata-dosei­mimikazari

~~%±~~iffi

1148 uchikobutr~

1149 uchikobu-rekkontr~~~

1150 uchimimi-dokipg:Erj:.~

1151 uchi-soripgJX9

1152 uchiwaritrftiU

1153 udekazari~~ffi

1154 udewa~~ Jf§r!m

1155 ujo-jomon~~~*Jm)t

1156 uki#T

1157 ukibukuro no kuchi#~Q)O

1158 umoregisei-dama$*!!:li.

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

'Blumenkorbchen' : Schalemit einem, oder zwei einan­der kreuzenden, plastischverzierten Bogenhenkel(n)

tiillenformiges Bronzeobjekt(wahrscheinlich als Hiilse aufein Stockende aufgesteckt)tiillenformiges Steinobjekt(wahrscheinlich als Hiilse fiirein Stockende verwendet)sanduhrformiges Tonobjekt(ein rittai-dosei-hin)sanduhrformiger Ohrpflock

uBulbus, Schlagbuckel(siehe auch: daryu)Schlagmarke

Innenhenkel-Keramik

a) siehe: naihanb) konvexe (Riicken-)

Kriimmung(eines Schwertes)

Schlag(auf den Silexknollen)

Armschmuck;Armring;Armreif;Armspangea) Armreif

(geschlossener Ring)b) Armspange(offener Ring)Fischgraten-Jomon

(Bimsstein-) Schwimmer

genannt'Schwimmer­Mundstiick' (Tondiise fiiraufblasbaren Schwimmer);wahrscheinlich als Bogen­schuh verwendet. Vergl.yuhazuaus fossilem Holz herge­stellte Polyeder- oder Ton­nenperlen

flower-basket: bowl, span­ned with one or twocrossed, heavily ornamentedclay handle(s» similar to ahand-basketsocket-shaped bronze object(may have served as a finialto a rod or pole, etc.)socket-shaped stone object(may have served as a finialto a rod or pole etc.)clay object in the shape of asand-glass (a rittai-dosei-hin)ear-peg in the shape of asand-glass

bulb of percussion(see also: daryu)bulbar scar

pottery with inner lugs

a) see: naihanb) a convex curve (referring

to a sword with a convexback)

percussion;striking;blowarm ornament;armlet;bangle;braceleta) (closed) bangleb) bracelet (open ring)

pennate or herring-boneJomon pattern(pumice) float

'float nozzle' (i.e. nozzle ofan inflated buoyant bag); infact probably used as bowtip; cf. yuhazu

beads made of fossil wood(often polyhedric or barrel­shape)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 71

1159 usudama835.

1160 usude-ha~~~

1161 usude-shiki-dokii-l~A±~

see usude-ha

1162 usugata-mimka-8%Ififfi [zari

1163 uzumaki-mon1~5ffiY:.

1164 wa~

1165 wai-ji-gata-dokiy *~±~ see

soko-doki1166 wangata

~m%

1167 warabite-to~~7J

1168 waritake-gata-tu 'fJ%*m[mokkan

1169 waritake-gata­tU'fJ%Em [sekkan

1170 wataguri-shikiJWi1*A

1171 wazumi-hoJf!ffi3ft1:t

1172 winasu (-zo)ry 1 -- 7 .A ( ~ )

1173 yajiri see zoku~

1174 yamagata­oshigata-mon

I1t%¥tl~:X:

1175 yamagata-doguU-l%±{~

1176 yamagata-ryiikiI1t%~JEa

Morserperle

diinnwandige Keramik

morserformiger Ohr­schmuckSpiralverzierung

wkonzentrische Ringe undKreise auf der Ventralseitedes Abschlages

schalenformig

Warabite-Schwert; Eisen­schwert mit eingerolltemGriffende;Spiralgriffschwerttrogformiger Holzsarg;holzerner Trogsargtrogformiger Steinsarg;steinerner TrogsargPfeilspitzenform: eingezo­gene Basis und (fliigelartige)WiderhakenRingwulsttechnik

'Venus'(-Statuette)

y

Zickzack-Roulette;abgerollte(s) Zickzack-Ver­zierung(-Muster)Tonstatuette mit Spitzkopf;Spitzkopfstatuettespitze Mundsaum-Zipfung

mortar-shape bead

thin-walled pottery

mortar-shaped ear­ornamentspiral ornament;spiral pattern

rings, waves on the mainflake surface

bowl or cup-shaped

warabite-type sword, ironsword with volute finial onthe hilt

trough-type wooden coffin;log-shaped wooden coffintrough-type stone coffin;log-shaped stone coffintype of arrowhead having ahollow base and barbs

ring building technique

'Venus' (statue, figurine)

rouletted zigzag pattern;zigzag roller pattern

clay figurine with triangularheadpointed projection (on therim of a vessel)

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1177 yariit,*

1178 yasu~t1f, ~,tJZ.

1179 Yayoi-shiki-doki1m~j.t±~

1180 -yof*

1181 yohai-gunfi1ij)t~

1182 yoko-ana~1C

1183 yokoana-shiki-seki­~1Cj:tE~ [shitsu

1184 yokoguchi-shiki­tlO~:Erg [sekkan

1185 yokoguchi-shiki­tateana-sekishitsu

fJ'i Cl~~~:E~

1186 yokohagi-sekihenf1i~Ij:EJt

1187 yori-himo:J?&*H

1188 yoriito:J?&*

1189 yoriito-akkon-mon:J?&*JE~:1C

1190 yoriito-mon:J?&*X

1191 yo-shikift~

1192 yoto-zoku$~~~

1193 Yiibetsu-giho7~JJIj13t* see

Shirataki-gata­funazoko-sekki

1194 yiidan-sekifu1f~E1F

1195 yuhazu (gata­kakusei-hin)

~(%Jf:J~g)

ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

Lanzenspitze oder SpieBmit Schaftangel

Fischspeer

Yayoi-Keramik

-oid (Suffix zur Bezeich­nung cler Ahnlichkeit)Giirtelgehange

horizontal orientierte Grab­kammer im Fels oder Lehm(waagrechte) Ganggrabkam­mer in einem Grabhiigelhausformiger Steinsarg mitSeitenoffnung (meist amKopf- oder FuBende)

Grabenkammer mit seit­lichem Eingang

Flankenabschlag;Querklinge ;(Schlagpunkt an Langsseitedes Abschlags; sog. Quer­schlag-, Flanken- oder Seto­uchi-Technik in Westjapan)(gedrehte) Schnur (zur Erze­ugung derJomonverzierung)gedrehter Faden (zur Erzeu­gung von Fadenmustern)Fadenabdruckmuster (er­zielt durch das Eindriickeneines losen Fadens)Schnurwickelabdriicke

Stilrichtung

in Japan erzeugte drei­flachige Bronze-Pfeilspitze

Stufenbeil

Bogenschuh (auf die Bogen­enclen aufgesteckte Spitzenaus Knochen oder Horn zurBefestigung der Sehne)

tanged spearhead or pike

fish spear

Yayoi pottery

-oid (suffix expressing re­semblance)pendant or charms worn onthe belthorizontal rock- or loam-cut(cave) tomb(horizontal) corridor (burial)chamber in a burial moundhouse-type stone coffin withan aperture in one of the sidewalls (mostly in the head orfoot wall)trench-type burial chamberwith horizontal side­entranceside-blow flake (having pointof percussion on transverseaxis; so-called side-blow fla­king or Setouchi techniquein West Japan)

(stranded) cord (used forapplying the Jomon pattern)twisted string (used forapplying string ornaments)(single) string impressions;string marking

string-wrapped dowel Im­pressionsform;stylethree-faced bronze arrow­head produced in Japan

stepped adze

bow tip (bone or antler tipon the bow's end for fixingthe string on it)

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 73

1196 yiihei-shiki­hosogata-doken

:ffmj·\JfflU~~~U

1197 yiihei-shiki-sekkenif;ifiJ:~E~U

1198 yiihei-soki seeflfflt:i~ ishisaji

1199 yiihi-shiki-sekkenfftj:r.tEAAU

1200 yiijiku-ujo-monffm~~~)(

1201 yiikaku-sekifuffftiE1$ see

yiikaku-sekki1202 yiikaku-sekki

fljljE~

1203 yukamenWOO

1204 yiikei-zokuflm$l

1205 yiiken-sekifufl~E1$

1206 yiiko-bo seeflfL~ shiki-bo

1207 yiiko-enbanfffLFttlZ

1208 yiiko-masei­sekizoku

*r:rL~~E$l

1209 yiiko-sekifu1ffLE*

1210 yiiko-sekifu1fME* see

ketsunyii-sekifu

eine Art Vollgriffdolch ausBronze

Steinimitation des hiragata­doken

gekehlter Steindolch mitGriffangel

abgesetzteFischgratenzonen;Fischgratenjomon in vonein­ander abgesetzten Bandern

axtartiges Steingerat mitrunder Schneide, Mittel­rippe, zylindrischem Nackenund zwei gegenstandigenArmchen (aus Axt oderDolch entwickelt?);steinernes Armchenbeil

Boden (einer Wohngrube)

Stiel(pfeil)spitze;(Pfeil-)Spitze mit ausge­zogener Basis

Schulterbeil

Lochscheibe (als Spiegel­Imitation, Gewicht, etc. ver­wendet)

geschliffene Steinpfeilspitzemit bis zu drei Bohrungenoberhalb der Basis

a) quer zum Schneidenver­lauf perforierte Steinaxt(kein Schaftloch) (China:Yangshao, Lungshan)

b) Schaftlochaxt mit brei­tern Nacken, ahnlich denldonaulandischen Setz­keil (China)

slender hilted bronze-dagger

stone copy of the hiragata­doken

stone dagger with channelledblade and tang

bands of horizontal strips ofherring-bone patterns

axe-shaped stone implementwith convex (rounded) edge,middle rib, cylindrical buttand two opposite projections(developed from axe ordagger?) ;stone axe with lateral pro­jectionsfloor (of a dwelling pit)

stemmed, tanged, point orarrowhead

shouldered axe

perforated disc (used asreplica of a mirror, weight,etc.)

polished stone arrowheadwith up to three perforationsabove the base

a) stone axe with a perfora­tion at right angles to theedge (not a shaft-hole)(China: Yangshao, Lung­shan)

b) shaft-hole axe with broad,straight butt (shape simi­lar to the Danubian Setz­keil) (China)

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74 ASIAN PERSPECTIVES

1211 yiishi-izen no jidaifl~0WJOJMf~

see senshi-jidai

1212 yiizetsu-pointo Stielspitze~~%;j; 1 /' r

z

tanged point;stemmed point

1213 za-so~~

1214 zen-jomon-shiki­bunka

'WJ~mt~J:t)t1t seesen-jomon-bunka

1215 zenkiiWAA

1216 zenpo-buWJ:J5$

1217 zenpo-koen-funmJj15q&F1i:j

1218 zenpo-koho-funWJ:J5Q&:J5:Lt

1219 zenshitsumi~

1220 zettai-nendai~ttifKi

1221 zoku~

1222 zoku~

1223 zoku-jomon-shiki­~~.I)(:rt±~ [doki

1224 zugai-henkeifiJt~~%

sitzender Hocker (Bestat­tung)

friihe(r, s)

der Vorbau, die Biihne,eines Schliisselloch-KofunSchliisselloch-Kofun ;schliisselloch-formigesHiigelgrabSchliisselloch-Kofun mitviereckigem HauptsektorVorkammer (einer Bestat­tungskammer)absolutes Alter oder Datum;absolute Datierung(Pfeil-)Spitze

Epi-;Retentions-Epi-Jomonkeramik

kiinstliche Schadeldeforma­tion

contracted burial, in sitting(squatting, upright) posture

early

the wing of a keyhole-typekofunkeyhole-type kofun ortumulus

keyhole-type kofun withquadrangular knollante-chamber (of a burialchamber)absolute date or dating

arrowhead

epi-

epi-Jomon pottery

artificial deformation of theskull

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GERMAN INDEX 75

A

6401201, 1202

74878

23, 112578

225214669279

872,873993

13748

107, 2241209

78642

163, 522, 1210257634

1205

.A.rchaische Stufe 595Archaologie: als Wissenschaft 576

historische 771urgeschichtliche 921

Armband 239, 1044Armchenbeil, steinernes 1201, 1202Armreif: (allgemein) 631, 1154a

Bronze- 143Muschel- 444, 453Stein- 934

Armschmuck 1153, 635Armschutzkissen: Leder 1106

Haniwa 1110Armspange 1154bArtefakt 404Assimilation 136Asymmetrisches Ganggrab 495AusbeiBen 790Ausfiihrung 936Ausgehohlter Steinsarg 345, 623Ausgrabung 267AusguB 96AusguBflasche 125AusguBgefaB 96Ausladend (Mundsaum) 749Ausschneiden 290AuBensarg 461Ausweitung (Mundsaum) 228, 707b, 1151aAwabi-GefaB 18Axte und Beile:

angeschliffenArmchenbeilAxtBeilBreithackeDechselEberhauer-BeilgeigenformiggeschliffenHackbeilImitationKernbeilKnickhackeLangsaxtLinsenbeilLochaxt, chinesischeQuerbeilRundaxt(-beil)SchaftkerbenbeilSchmuckanhangerSchuhleistenkeilSchulterbeil

37229

385303

10621041965668397

217, 270, 778102, 271, 273

272275

309, 3761041

421220

385, 832296

14, 5341115

341, 929382b

5594598

558653

1094851105

7828983400

712a640136

965970,971

11411141406407

285, 288, 401402412372

486,729

AbAbartAbfallAbfolge, zeitlicheAbgrenzungssteineAbklatschAblagerungAbnutzungsspurenAbriAbschlagAbschlagenAbschlaggeratAbschlagnegativAbschlagschaberAbschummerungAbsetzungAbsolutes AlterAbsplisseAbstumpfen des KlingenriickensAeneolithikumAhle: (allgemein)

Knochen­Stein­

Ainu: KeramikBefestigung

AkkulturationAlluviumAlternierende RandretuscheAltsteinzeitAmboBAmboBspurenAmboBtechnikAmerikanische PfeilspitzeAneignende WirtschaftAnfallenAngel: Lanzenspitze

Messer, PfeilspitzeAngeschliffenes SteinbeilAngleichungAnhanger: siehe

Schmuck­AnlagerungAntennengriff: Bronzeschwert

KeramikAntennenhenkelAnthropologie, allgemeineAnthropomorph: GefaB

HaniwaPlastik

Antikea quo, terminusArabesken

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 8, 1964

Axte und Beile:spitznackigSteinaxt(-beil)SteinhackeSteinhaueStiefelbeilStreitaxtStufenbeil

738859951384633

10961193

- stumpfnackig 223Vierkantbeil 93, 106, 336, 1072Walzenbeil 189, 1087zugeklopft 592zugeschlagen 118zugeschnitten 1026Zylinderaxt(-beil) 104,181,666,738,1087

Axtschneidenschliff 696

B- Sekundar- 449

mit Steinbeschwerung 112Streck- 956liberlagernde 427

BestattungsgefaB:allgemein 472, 566flir Kleinkinder 741, 1122

Bestattungskammer 1219Bienenkorb (gewolbe)-Grab 174, 333, 1113Bienenwabenstein 259, 266, 337Biface: birnformig 781

oval 101, 766scheibenformig 121

Bifaziale Zurichtung 800Bildende Stufe 506Bimssteinschwimmer 1156Bipolarschlag 802Blaschenverzierung 1134Blattabdruck 587Blatt (ritz) muster 586Blumenkorbchen 1143Blutrinne 513Boden, gewachsener 398, 411

VVohngruben- 1203Bodenfundforschung 406Bodenplatte 170Bodenstandigkeit 408Bodenwarze 739Bogenhenkel 639Bogenschneide 641Bogenschuh 1157, 1195Bogenverzierung 565, 594, 774Bohrer: Knochen- 341

Stein- 281, 382, 880Bootformiger Steinsarg 208Bootsbestattung 209, 982Brand 972Breithacke 23, 1125Breitklinge 551Breitschaber 763Bronze. armreif 143

glocke 157hackdolch 137, 321, 624, 904

65481b

497, 1170198122725460693

59, 832650652

292, 65124

800

257872, 873

15822, 829

827924

41265582

277209,982

2401127

473, 1049632, 1004, 1213

741, 1049471657

198,230,256,999240449

432, 443457

1127449600485

Bambusstabchen-VerzierungBandhenkel (horizontal)Basiseinzug (Pfeilspitze)Bauchlage (Bestattung)BauchteilBaumring-ChronologieBearbeitungBecherBefestigungsanlageBegleitfaunaBegleitfloraBegleitfundBegleittumuliBeidseitige BearbeitungBeilformen siehe .A.xteBeil als SchmuckanhangerBeilimitationBeinschmuckBemalte KeramikBemalungBerlihrungszoneBeschwergewichtBesenstrichBesatz-MagatamaBestattung :

bescheideneBoots-Doppel­Erganzungs­GefaB­Hocker­Kleinkind­mit KopfschutzKorper­liegendemehrerer Personenmehrstufige-mit MuschelschlittungMuschelhaufen­Nach-nochmaligeprunkvolleSarg-

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GERMAN INDEX 77

Bronze:hiilse 1144imitation 38, 1077klinge 317lanzenspitze 33, 126,320,339,813, 903Pfeilspitze 158, 1192spiegel 165, 315, 334, 1071spieB: siehe-Ianzenspitzestabdolch 137, 321, 624, 904steinzeit 850

c

- stichwaff'etrommelttillezeit

BuckelverzierungBtihneBulbusBulbusfHicheBulbusnegativBurin

138142

1144849

11201216

116, 1148276, 440

11758, 73

C-14(-Datierung)CairnChalkolithikumChashiChokko-VerzierungChopperChopper, Chopping tool

348, 761, 940505, 1138

5345976

79,279111

D

Chopping toolChronologie

absoluterelative

CorpusCromlechCulture area

80718

12201010981

626, 106147, 50

760, 1084240

92,98821

DaidarabotchiDampferDampfgefaBDatierung

absoluteannahernderelative

DaumenschaberDeckelbtichseDechselDeckelgefaBDellensteinDendrochronologieDepot (funde)Dickwandige KeramikDiffusionDiluviumDiskusschaberDolchDolmen: (allgemein)

Grab-Tisch-

638467b, 468

596

1220231

101039

8687819

259, 266, 337, 612725

120, 325, 37116, 17

119593177

298, 393149959108

E

'Donnerkeil'DoppelbestattungDoppelbtihnen-KofunDoppelgefaBDoppel-Kofun siehe: Zwillings-KofunDoppellinien 204, 291Doppelschneide 796Doppelschneidiger Steindolch 670Doppelstrichverzierung 291Dotaku 157Dreidorn 680Dreieckige Pfeilspitze 833Dl."eiecksverzierung 935Dreiflachige Pfeilspitze 837, 840, 1192Dreifltigelige Pfeilspitze 843Dreiperiodensystem 834, 835Dreizack 680'Dromos' 171Druckretusche 742Dtinnwandige Keramik 1160, 1161Durchbrochene Arbeit 129, 503

Eberhauer-BeilEboshiEckstichelEinbaumEinfache Verzierung

225159, 160

1140664

1050

Eingeschiirt: PerleTonscheibe

Eingezogen: MundsaumStandflache

Einkehlung

681213707

2707b, 1151a

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

107510801079354

100, 579

Einkerbungen 540Einschlagstichel 1047Einteilung 613Einschneidig 419EinzelgefaB-Bestattung 1049Einzelvorkommen 844Einziehung 293Einzug, Mundsaum- 711, 1151aEisenbeil 1088Eisen-Hackdolch 1075Eisenlanze(nspitze) 33, 1090, 1091Eisenpfeilspitze 318, 1092, 1097EisenspieB: siehe -lanzenspitzeEisenstabdolchEisenzeitEisenzeit-KulturEiszeitEllipsen-Roulette

Endschaber 173Englichtiger Bandhenkel 1128Ento-Keramik 184Eolith 191, 246, 973Epi- 1222Epigraphie 535Epi-Jomonkeramik 1223Erdaufschtittung 196, 328Erdhtigel 196,328Erdhtigelgrab 132, 133, 197, 215, 329Erganzungsbestattung 1127'Erntemesser': chinesisches 882b

Muschel- 326perforiertes 998Stein- 377

Eulenkopf-Statuette 678Exemplar-Keramik 355

316315271

11861186218

498, 697511511

103650750832

774777806

11581215995

247,91936240437536336467

617617636693

FlachperleFlachrand (Bronzespiegel)FlachretuscheFlankenabschlagFlankentechnikFlintFormen eines GefaBesFormentibergangFormenveranderungFormenverband:

allgemeinprimarersekundarer

FormerstarrungFortlaufend: Bogenmuster

ZickzackFortsatzeFrauenmesser: siehe ErntemesserFossilholz-PerlenFrtih(es)Frtihest(es)FrtihgeschichteFundFundobjektFundplatzFundschichtFunds,treugebietFundsttick, seltenesFundverbandFundvergesellschaftungFuBFuBbecher

F11881189

9451, 1190

280, 616, 726, 727704, 706b

816854

69,728, 815237

194, 118278396821834

318, 467, 784192, 1105

969512

1136648

948, 96011551200

71178

347, 422694304319927

61853

Faden, gedrehterFadenabdruckmusterFadennetzverzierungFadenrollverzierungFaustkeilFedermesserFeingliederungFeinkeramikFeinretuscheFelsbilderFelskammer(grab)FeuergrubeFeuer16scher-HaniwaFeuerstein(Feuerstein-)KnollenFeuerstelleFibelFiguralgefaBFiguren-HaniwaFingernageleindrticke: gereihte

kontinuierlicheFingertupfenFischgraten-JomonFischgratenverzierung, zonaleFischschwanzbasisFischspeerFissurenFixkopfharpuneFlachbeilFlachbodenFHichenjomonFlachgrabFlachkeule

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GERMAN INDEX 79

G637533

211b794

61

194, 1182

1059, 1060, 1185249

682b98664

878212

864b, 865793253957

1130712350

GlockentopfGoldringGrab:

Adels­Flach-Gang-: siehe dartHtigel-: siehe dort-kammer: s£ehe dartKurzstollen-: siehe dartGrubenkammer- 1059, 1060, 1185Kaiser- 794Megalith- 644

Grabareal 899Grabbeigaben 151,206, 870, 871Graben: urn Htigelgrab 234, 542, 978

Schnitt- 268, 1111Grabenkammer 1059, 1060, 1185Grabgrube 860Grabhtigel: siehe HtigelgrabGrabkammer

Fels-Gang-: siehe dartGruben-Haupt-Holz-korridorloseSchachtnischen-Stein-

GrabtumulusGrabwachter, Stein­GratlinieGrattoirGravierinstrument, kielformigesGriffGriffangelGriffangeldolchGriffknopfschaber:

(allgemein) 383b, 389, 502, 556a,706a, 862, 1021, 1085, 1198

1021706a10231083805

36,715712103

975, 1005a647745169

6, 259, 266, 3371057

breiterlangschmalerspatelformiger

GriffnaseGriffwarzenGriffzapfenGriffzungeGrobgliederungGrobkeramikGroBgerateGroBspitze, zugeschlageneGrtibchenornamentikGrtibchensteinGrube

906172, 907179, 908

1131, 1183

495261, 801

512827

473, 1049

2587

4319170667

922, 10981082260526213214951

264, 713967

530, 531528529

75, 301539773770669405235242750736

4737462833

1082

796369, 598

932597658

1024b357613

GangGanggrabGanggrab-EingangGanggrabkammer, horizontaleGanggrabkammer-GrundriB:

asymmetrischsymmetrisch

Gebild-HaniwaGefaBbemalungGefaBbestattungGefaB.boden

eingezogenermit Blattabdrtickenmit GewebeabdrtickenFlach.-Platten.-Rund.-Spitz.-Zapfen.-

GefaBoberflacheGefaBwandGeigenformig: Tonscheibe

SteinbeilSteinhacke

Gelappter MundsaumGeneralshtigelGeometrisch: Mikrolith

OrnamentStil

Gerade: MundsaumGerate-HaniwaGerollartefaktGeschichte, geschriebeneGeschliffenes SteinbeilGesichtsdarstellungGesichtsgefaBGesichtstatowierungGewebeGewebeabdrticke

auf GefaBbodenauf Ziegel

GeweihpickelGezahnte PfeilspitzeGezipfter SpitzbodenGiebe1.schliff, auch

-schneideGitter-RollmusterGitterung, schrageGitterverzierungGlattenGlattsteinGlazialGliederung

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80 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

GrubenkammerGrubenwohnungGrund(flache)Grundgebirge

1059, 1060, 1185514, 1057, 1058

985524

GiirtelbeschlagGiirtelgehangeGtirtelhakenGiirtelschlieBe

743a11811035

743b, 1035

HHaarnadel 570 Haussarg-Bestattung 487Hackbeil 279 Hellebarde 243, 428Hackdolch 137 Henkel

Bronze- 321, 624, 904 (allgemein) 1119Eisen- 1075 Antennen- 1141Stein- 625,884 Band- (horizontal) 481b

Hahnenkamm-Muster 648 Bogen- 639Hakenwirbel, - als Griffnase 1083

Bronze- 1107 - als Griffwarzen 805Stein- 1108 - als Griffzapfen 36,715

Halbellipse 499, 559 Innen- 708,1150Halbfertigware 679 Nasen- 1083Halbkreismuster, konzentrisches 155,423 Ring- 481aHalbkuppeldach-Schale 1068 Schlingen- 1128Hals 504, 567 Stiel- 1141Halseinziehung 214 -, theriomorpher 131Halsschmuck 611 Tiermasken- 425Hamaguri-Schneide 278 Verdeck- 1

Beile mit 107, 223, 224 Herausschnitzen der Verzierung 373Hammerstein 394, 1054 Hexenloffel 1085Handmodellieren 1081, 1093 Hieb- und StoBwaffe:Haniwa 284 bronzene 1077

-, anthropomorphe 401 eiserne 1076Gebild- 512 Historische Archaologie 771Gerate- 539, 968, 1110 Hochkultur 53Rohren- 185 Hockerbestattung 632, 1004, 1213-, theriomorphe 128 Hohleisen 731Trichterrohr- 12 Hohlenwohnung 514Zylinder- 185 Hohlenstation 144, 145, 146

Haniwa-Sarg 286 HohlfuB 1037Haniwa-Typ, Tonsarg vom 287, 289 Hohlkehle 312Harpune, Knochen- 344 Hohlschneide 666Harpunenspitze 176, 694, 695 Holzauskleidung, Grabbau mit 682, 683Haue 655 Holzbau, Grab mit 682,683Haue, Knochen- 343 Holzhammertechnik 541Hauenformiger Armschmuck 635 Holzkammer, Grabbau mit 682, 683Hauer-Schmuck 239 Holzkohlenschiittung 688Haugerat 80 Holzmaserverzierung 687Haumesser 79 Holzobjekt 686Hauptbau (eines Kofun) 548 Holzperlen 1158Hauptgliederung 103 Holzsarg 684, 1168Hauptgrabkammer 249 Holzschwert 307, 308, 685, 689Hauptteil 673 Horngerate 572, 785Hausformiger Steinsarg 367 Hornobjekt 459,785Hauskeramik 977, 1005a Hornschaber 569

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GERMAN INDEX 81

HornspatelHornspitzeHiifteinziehungHtiftschmuckHiigelgrab

(allgemein)

569573

2.14, 951786

132, 133, 197,

- (allgemein)kaiserlichesKofun: siehe dortStein-

Hulse, Bronze­Stein-

221a, 215, 216, 1038794

505, 858, 113811441145

I

Indirekte TechnikInnenbauchungInnenhenkel-KeramikInnenkantungInnenschweifung

484, 755707, 1151a708, 1150

114711

InnenstrichelungInnenverzierungInterglazialIwaibe

935710476

86, 396

JJomon-Glatt-Verzierung 1025 JungsteinzeitJomon-Verzierung 414, 415,450, 927, 1155

953

K248867

509, 510607975

741, 1049

Kitashirakawa, UnteresKlarbeckenKlassifizierungKlassische StufeKleinkeramikKleinkind-BestattungKleinklinge

(allgemein) 557a, 656b, 764, 823b, 1022Mikroklinge 557b, 656a, 764, 820,

823a, 102257, 759

40339

173,253346

394, 1054591

13341,929

588588341

572, 575344343577342571

603, 604, 733575569

Klingen. abschlaggeratrandschaberspitze

KlopfsteinKlopftechnikKnickhackeKnochen. ahle

axtbeilbohrergerateharpunehaueinschriftenkammmessernadelobjektschaber

210794574342630629836

300b356

298, 3121064672140

701, 911953162996795996540993890543889890

584, 892210a, 538

772825

741, 1049694

KahnschaberKaisergrabKaltperiodeKamm, Knochen­KammkeramikKammverzierungKantenrand (Bronzespiegel)KantenschlagstichelKarako (Fundplatz)Kehlung: Waffe, Klinge

SteingeratKennzeichenKeramikhaufenKeramiklose KulturenKeramikumKerbe: allgemein

einseitigezweiseitige

KerbspitzeKerbenverzierungKern. beil

geratschaberstichelstuck

KeulenkopfKielschaberKieselbettungKijima-KeramikKinderbestattungKippkopf-Harpune

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82 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

55292, 988

413323, 987

330, 335222, 984, 98787, 628, 967

553238, 523, 901

606340, 569

573, 604, 605601

34, 885175, 775, 979

775, 979361

467, 468

322627

207, 64362, 63, 1056

64455

590112,657

782955, 1007

171, 179, 906, 908964469154719419624625746

238, 654641

547,66382643524847

49, 7925144

139153413

323, 987

KoropokguruKorperbestattungKorperhafte TonobjekteKorperschmuckKorridorKortexKragentopfKreisornament, konzentrischesKreuzdatierungKreuzsteinKrisformig: Bronzewaffe

SteinwaffeKronenaufsatz auf TonstatuetteKrummperleKrummschneideKugelperleKultplatzKulturKultur.denkmal

inhaltkreispatternschichtwandel

KupferzeitKupfersteinzeitKuppel-KofunKtirbisformig: Htigelgrab

siehe auch: Zwillings-KofunTonflasche

KurganKurvilinearverzierungKurzstollenKurzstollen (grab) kammerKyokkenmodding(er)

Knochen:schwertspatelspitzeunterlage

KnollenKnoppernverzierungKnotchenverzierungKnubbenKochherdKofun

(allgemein)Doppelbiihnen­Kuppel­Kiirbis-Schliisselloch-: siehe dortVierecks-Zwillings-Sondernamen

Kofun-ZeitKommaformige Anhanger

siehe auch: MagatamaKommandostab 31,943, 946, 1206Komponentenkultur 527Konkav-Krtimmung 1011Konus 199,327Konvex-Krtimmung 1151bKonzentrisch: Halbkreise 155, 423

Kreise 154, 440Ringe 1164

Kopfauflage, Stein- 386Ton- 283

Kopfschutz 471Korbmaschen-Gitterung 431Koreanische Keramik 86

LLangsbeilLanzenspitze, Knochen­

mit Schaftangelmit Schafttiille

LanzenspitzenangelLappen-MundsaumLaufspiraleLehmLehm. bett

schicht

748605

1177339400

264,713744788724789

- umhiillungLeit. fund

motivobjekt

LiegendesLinsenbeilLithikumLochaxt, chinesischeLochscheibeLorbeerblattspitze

722355672355

411,398107, 224

89812091207244

MMaanderverzierungMagatama: (allgemein)

, . Fortsatz-

811654, 1109

582

Radialkopf­Steinzeit­Zahn-

71901

238, 523

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GERMAN INDEX

691,700356436

1102444

254362625

455457456437442433

26,27,446454453438445448

432, 443445439441

1048974

11621159549

228, 707b, 1151a749

707a26472

75, 301583

messerobjektpfeilspitzeringriickeneindriickeschaberschichtschiittungspatelstreichspurenverzierung

MonochromMoorbauMorserformig: Ohrschmuck

PerleMundsaum: (allgemein)

ausgeweiteterausladendereingezogenergelapptergequetschtergeradergewelltergezipfter: siehe Zipfung

MusterMusterstationMuschel. abdruckmuster

abfallarmriefbeileindriickegerathaue

MuschelhaufenMuschelhaufen-BestattungMuschelhaufen-KeramikMuschel. kopfahdriicke

loffel

Malaiische Keramik 662Markiersteine 1062Maskengriff 236Maskenhenkel 405Maskenstatuette 202Matrix 964Mattenabdriicke 414,416Mattenmuster 178Meerestransgression und -regression 447Megalithdenkmal 646Megalithgrab 644Megalithkultur 645MehreckengefaB 463MehrfachgeHiB 581Mehrschneidiges Messer 555Mehrstufige Bestattung 449MeiBel 93,731,732MeiBelformiges Beil 732Menhir 671, 1062Merkmal 195,672Mesolithikum 99Messer 555,571, 1116Messerchen 556, 704, 706Messerimitation 383, 874Messerschaber 705Metallzeit 536Mikroburin 554Mikroklinge: (allgemein) 557b, 656a,

764,820, 823a, 1022Kleinklinge 557a, 656b, 764, 823b, 1022

Mikrolith 305, 530, 531, 824Miniaturtopf 1040, 1042Mischkultur 585Mittelrippe 954Mittelstichel 1129Mittlere(s) 95Modellkeramik 355Modellstation 356

N370821

112770

857602603201926

10831014965963953

NachNachbearbeitungNachbestattungNackenNackenstiitzeNadelbiichseNahnadel, Knochen­NahtNahtstelleNasenhenkelNaBfeld, urzeitlichesNatiirliche AblagerungNaturobjektNeolithikum

NetzabdriickeNetzbeschwererNetzmusterNetzsenkerNische in der GrahkammerNipponanthropusNochmalige BestattungNudelverzierungNukleus: (allgemein)

(halh) konischer(nicht) zugerichteterunregelmaBigerzylindrischer

8108

10, 881379730449

1002740, 886

18385

219188

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

oOberfHiche, natiirliche 964OberfHichenbehandlung 936OberfHichenfunde 358OberfHichenmaterial 353Obsidian 1100Ohr. kranz 675

pflock 332,409,410,1147ring 519, 521, 533, 677

Ohrschmuck: (allgemein) 676aus Ton 150mit Anhanger 1019morserformiger 1162

- radchenformigerrollenformiger

-oidOrakelknochenOrientalisierender StHOrnamentOrnamentierungOrnamentplattchenOrnamentzoneOrtOseOsenhenkelOssuar

488488

1180928

1099700952232

692, 937395674

481a608

p

31,943855909

486, 729945295757402619

887b593609658659430

1053537

1046561370905

911, 1214701365949245992600250251491

776, 780, 1086754

pfeilstreckerPferdefigurPflanzenfasermagerungPflanzenmotivpflasterbodenPfostenlochPithekanthropusPlastische DarstellungenPlattensargPlattensarkophagPleistozanPluvialPolierenPolierte KeramikPollenanalysePolychromPolyeder-PerlePolyeder-StichelPostglazialpost quem, terminusPra-PrajomonkulturenPrakeramische KulturenPrimarabschlagProbegrabungProtojomonPrototypPrunkbestattungPseudojomonPseudomaanderPultschliffPunktreihePunktverzierung

653278291

1090599, 756, 876

49399

681316

1158238

547, 6631159537

351, 614714

1069563, 564

1173, 12217

497, 1170158

837, 840, 1192843

318, 1092, 109783377

833, 883, 12081204702958241804

PalaolithikumParabolische SchneidenfHicheParallelstrichverzierungPartisanePatinaPattern of culturePeriodisierungPerle:

eingeschntirteFlach-Holz­Krumm­Kugel­Morser­Polyeder­Rohren­Tonnen-

PerlenarmbandpfahlbauPfeilspitze: (allgemein)

'amerikanische'mit BasiseinzugBronze­dreiflachigedreifltigeligeEisen­gezahntequerschneidigeStein-Stiel-stiellosevierfHichigeWildschweinhauer­zweifltigelige

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GERMAN INDEX

Q

QualitatskriteriumQuantitatskriteriumQuerbeilQuerklinge

94779978

1186

QuerschlagtechnikQuerschneidige PfeilspitzeQuetschrand

11867772

RRacloir 309, 376, 763Radchen-Ohrschmuck 488Radialfissuren 347Radialstrahlen an Magatama 71Radiokarbon-Datierung 348, 761, 940Randkultur 976Randretusche 69, 558, 734Rauchabzug 467RauchergefaB 589Rautenmuster 797Reibplatte 390, 392Reibstein 1024Reinkupfer-Zeit 426Reiskorn-Abdrucke 690ReiBlinien 347, 422Relativchronologische Datierung 303Relativchronologische Stellung 1010Restnukleus 886Retentions . . . 1222Retusche 69, 102, 331, 349Retuschiergerat 84Rhonlboid 305Riesen-Cairn 1138Riesensage 638

Rille 751Rillen(verzierung) 68Ringflasche 477RingfuB 515RinggefaB 477Ringhenkel 481aRingwulsttechnik 1171RiBverzierung 417Ritzlinien-Keramik 578Ritzverzierung 580, 847Rohren-Haniwa 185Rohrenperle 351, 614Rohzurichtung 365Rollen-Ohrschmuck 488Roll-Maserverzierung 687Rollmuster 335,369,451,452,598,753,817Rollmusterverzierung 747Rostro-Carinete 791, 808Ruckenlage (Bestattung) 256Riickenmesserchen 704, 706bRundaxt(-beil) 642Rundboden 667Rundschaber 767

S64987

1146474

684, 1168619

177173253

569543

210a, 538173,253

569705445

309, 375, 763767735

818, 8311085366

62, 105664

471

- Diskus­End­GrattoirGriffknopf-: siehe dortHorn-Kern-Kiel-Klingen-Knochen-Messer-Muschel­RacloirRund­Schnauzen-Seiten-Sondernamen

SchachbrettmusterSchachtnischeSchachtnischen (grab) kammerSchadelschutz

SagezahnmusterSakeflaschen-HugelSanduhrformiges TonobjektSarg: (allgemein)

Holz­Platten-Stein-: siehe dortTon- 186,282,286, 287,289, 1101

Sarge auflage 475bestattung 485gehause 1137stiitze 475

rkophag 461Satsumon-Keramik 847Saugloch 182, 665Sauglingsbestattung 741, 1049Sahaber: (allgemein) 74, 1020Sc Abschlag- 309, 376

Breit- 763Daumen- 39

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86 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

Schnauzenschaber 735Schneebrillen-Statuette 930Schneppe 492, 807Schnitzverzierung 373Schnur, gedrehte 1187Schnur. abrollung 450

eindrlicke 716knotenabdrlicke 421osen 516verzierung, europaische 910wickelabdrlicke 451, 762

Schraffenverzierung 1012, 847Schraggitterverzierung 932Schraubenschllissel-Verzierung 109Schuhleistenkeil 634Schulter 795Schulter- ... (in Zussgn) 490Schulter 1205Schlissel 496, 846, 1133Schwalbenschwanz-Harpune 1121Schwertknauf 1132Schwimmer 1156Schwimmer-Mundstlick 1157Sehschlitz-Statuette 930Seilkeramik 1139Seiteneinzug 951Seitenlage (Bestattung) 999Seitenoffnung 1184Seitenschaber 818, 831Sekundarabschlag 728Sekundarbestattung 449Sequenzdatierung 489, 848Serienabschlagtechnik 299SeBhafte Lebensweise 1074Setouchi-Technik 925, 1186S-Hakenverzierung 500Shirataki-Kerngerat 957Sichel 465SiebgefaB 596Siedlung 980Siedlungsflache 852Sitzender Hocker 1213Sondage 37Sondenbohrung 37Sonnenuhr 1063S-Ornament 193Spalter 79, 279, 622Spaltscheiben-Kette 931Spaltscheiben-Verzierung 931Spat(es) 568Spatel, Knochen- 340Spate!. ornament 306

streichspuren 310technik 311verzierung 306

1018, 1052257

499, 559654, 1109

939129

1043503807492941

548, 1135, 121692, 166, 167,

352, 988, 1217, 121860, 87, 628

16156, 383c, 765, 863

Schadeldeformation, artifizielle 1224Schaftangel(Lanze) 400Schaftkerbe 163Schaftkerbenbeil 163, 522, 1210Schaftlochaxt, chinesische 1209Schafttlille 126'Schafzahn'-Verzierung 937Schale 199, 258, 496, 1133Schalenform 1166Schalenstein 612Scheiben-Biface 121Scheibenkeule 479, 483Scheibenkeule, gezackte 1065Schelle 768Schellenarmring 1030Schematisierung 32Schichtenbeziehung 990Schienenkopfrand 72Schiffsbestattung 209, 982Schildkern 532Schlag 1152Schlag. buckel 116, 1148

marke 1149muster (verzierung) 1055plattform 82, 113, 1016punkt 966stelle 966wellen 440

Schleifen 658Schleifstein 1045Schleuderkugel 1095, 1124Schleuderstein 378Schlicker 518, 1027Schlingenhenkel 1128Schlitzohrring, chinesischer 519

japanischer 521Schllisselloch-Kofun:

BestandteileFormen

SondernamenSchllisselobjektSchmalklingeSchmuckanhanger:

(allgemein)BeilHalbellipseKommaZahn

SchmuckbeschlageSchmuckplattchenSchmuckplatteSchnabelSchnabelgefaBSchnabelstichel

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GERMAN INDEX

1145

856882a895

377, 882b383a,

8961137

855200, 944

232869779

479, 483387

8931184

164, 345, 623208

367, 4871169703

887b769, 1137

887895262380393879

870, 871872, 873

11971078

625, 8841108

872,873383a, 874

934878853892

22,269,620, 1006

141,803,902478, 480, 1029

482,891153732

- hulseSteinimitation:

(allgemein)Axt, BeilBronzedolchEisendolchHackdolchHakenwirbelMeiBelMesserMuschelarmring

Stein. kammergrabkeulekeulenkopfkiste, nicht-megalithische

knebelkreiskronekupferzeitmeiBelmesser:

'Erntemesser'Nachahmung

objektpackungpfeilspitze: siehe Pfeilspitzepferdpflasterungplakettepretiosenreiheringsage

Steinsarg:(allgemein)aufgebrochenerausgehohlterBootHausTrogTruhe

Stein. sarkophagschuttungschutzschwertsetzungsichelspeerspitze

Steinstab:doppelkopfigereinschneidigerdoppelschneidiger

309, 376102337538428

393, 8792940

1261177339

842525

10392, 170, 1070

110,545515

226,233, 11721105

90,435934877859

1009255, 368, 661

112772850868

393, 670, 1199861896

479, 483, 881858

505, 1138831951864384858

74411671163660

739, 922, 1082, 1098346, 758, 923

11421175844

Spatelformig:AbschlagschaberGriffknopfschaberSchaberSteingerat

Spatest(es)Speerspitze, steinerneSpielartSpinnwirtelSpieB

mit Schaftangelmit Schafttulles£ehe auch: Bronze-, Eisen-,

Lanzenspitze, etc.SpiraleSpiralgriffschwertSpiralverzierungSpiralwulsttechnikSpitzbodenSpitzeSpitzkeilSpitzkopf-StatuetteSporadisches AuftretenStabdolch: s£ehe HackdolchSt. AcheulStanderStanderschaleStandflacheStandfuBStandringStatuetteStecknadelSteilretuschierungStein. armreif

auskleidungaxtbananebarrenbeil: siehe Axtbeschwerung (Bestattung)bettung-Bronzezeitbuchsedolchfigurgeratgewichtgrabbaugrabhiigelgravierungenhackehaniwahauehugel

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88 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 8, 1964

Stein. statuette 233 Stichverzierung 961, 1114stempel 232 Stichwaffe 126, 138, 298tafelchen 994 Stiefelbeil 633teller 866 Stiel 1130topf 391 Stielgriff 1141truhe 703 Stielgriff-Becher 693tulle 1145 Stielhenkel 1141umkleidung 887 Stiellose Spitze 702

zeit 875,898 Stielpfeilspitze 1204zeit-Keramik 900 Stielspitze 798, 1212

Steinzeitliche Kultur 897 Stil 942Stempelverzierung 494 Stilisiertes Pflanzenmotiv 729Stern (kopf) keule 1067 Stilisierung 32Stichel: (allgemein) 73,88,254 Stilrichtung 1191

Burin 58 Stratigraphie 989, 991Eck- 1140 Streckbestattung 956Einschlag- 1047 Streitaxt 1096Flach- 300a Streuung 839Kantenschlag- 300b Stufenbeil 1194Mikroburin 554 Stufenretuschierung 90, 435aMittel- 1129 Stumpfnackiges Steinbeil 223Polyeder- 1046 StutzfuB 159, 950Schnabel- 941 Stiitzsteine 227, 252, 1062Zweischlag- 1129 Suchgraben 814

Stichelfacetten 89 Sue-Keramik 86, 1013Stichelschlag 90, 435b Symmetrisches Ganggrab 261, 801

TTasterzirkel-Topf 637 - buckeln 1120Tatowierung 242 duse 1157Teller 845, 846 fadenmuster 1002Terracotta 1089 figur 284, 420Terrassengrabung 434 flasche 322Textilwaren 750 gewicht 156Textur 750 imitation 151Theriomorphe Haniwa 128 kapsel 97, 615, 1123Theriomorpher Henkel 131 leistchen 1002Tiefstichverzierung 169 leiste 721Tierisches Material 130 leistengitterung 220Tiermaskenhenkel 425 leistenverzierung 221, 314, 517,Tierstil 129 809, 1117, 1118Tisch-Dolmen 108 loffel 152Theriomorph: Haniwa 128 maske 147

Henkel 131,425 masse 1032Tonfigur 127, 420 Tonnenperle 714

Tholos 174,333, 1113 Ton. objekte, korperhafte 782TLV-Spiegel 334, 1071 pferdchen 123T-Motiv 562 plakette 124Toggle-head Harpune 694 rassel 148Toilettegegenstande 1007 rippchen 810Ton 720, 1032 rippenverzierung 314,809, 1117Ton. auflage 415 Tonsarg: (allgemein) 1101

bander 207 Haniwa-Imitation 287, 289besch\verer 156 Rohren-Haniwa 286

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GERMAN INDEX 89

Tonsarg: Trennkopf-Harpune 694zylindrischer 186, 282 Trennung 42

Ton.sarkophag 1101 Trepanation 916,917scheibe 213 Trichrom 841schildchen 124 Trichterform 229

Tonstatuette: (allgemein) 134 Trichterrohr-Haniwa 12mit Dreieckskopf 1175 Trogsarg: holzerner 1168eulenkopfige 678 steinerner 1169gekronte 746 Tsunamon-Keramik 1139mit Maske 202 Tuch 750theriomorphe 127 Tulle 203, 1031

Ton. stempel 1028 Tulle, Stein- 1145tafelchen 124 Tullenlanzenspitze, chinesische 33warzen 1120 TullenspieB 33, 126, 320, 339,zylindersarg 186, 282 813, 903, 1090, 1091

Topf 199,470 Tullenspitze: siehe -spieBTopferscheibe 787 Tumulus 212Toro (Fundplatz) 356 Typ 942Totenhaus 682,683 Typenobjekt 359,698Trapezformiges Artefakt 1073 Typenstation 360, 699Trapez-Rollmuster 817 Typus 359, 698

UUbergangsform 1017 Unterscheidung 610, 613qberlagernde Bestattung 427 Untertasse 845Uberlappung 418 Urbewohner 912U-GefaB 997, 1165 Urgeschichte :Umbruch 114 als Wissenschaft 918, 962Unifazial-Zurichtung 493 als Zeitperiode 920, 1211Untergrund 524 Kombinate 919, 921Untersatz 525

v691,700330, 335

958338, 464

93, 106, 336, 10721051

388, 732338

11121196914

548, 1216918

1219915

9111

788

VerzierungVierecks-KafunVierflachige PfeilspitzeVierkantbecherVierkantbei1(-axt)Vierkantiges BeilVierkantmeiBelVierkantschaleVogelgefaBVollgriffdolch, schlankerVorausgehendVorbau (am Kofun)VorgeschichteVorkammerVorlauferVorratsgefiiBVorratsgrubeVulkanasche, verwitterte

374954814949

1015668692

723723276

117254

55, 11041

1068313709

VarvenanalyseVarvenchronologieVentralseite'Venus' (statuette)VerbreitungVerbeitungsgebietVerdeckhenkelVerdeckschaleVerdickungVerengung (am GefaB)Verhakung

(von Verzierungselementen)Verstarkung (der Klinge)VersuchsgrabenVersuchsgrabungVertikalschlagVerwendungsspurenVerzierungszone

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9° JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

w744

451,762429

274744458828

1057, 1058945, 1203297, 424

621466366

WellenspiraleWickelschnureindrtickeWiderhakenWinkel (zwischen Schlagplattform

und Ventralseite)Wirbel, fortlaufenderWirbelmusterWirtschaftsstufe, aneignendeWohngrubeWohngrubenbodenWohnplatz, oberirdischer'Wolkenverzierung'WulstrandWtirfelmuster

1016628

189, 1087302, 1001

100010081167739

1120558812263294263583

Waagrechte SchlagplattformWagen-HtigelWalzenbeilWandmalereiWandplattenWandverzierung (im Kofun)Warabite-SchwertWarzenbodenWarzenverzierungWechselretuscheWeidenblattspitzenWellenbandWellenlinieWellenlinienverzierungWellen-Mundsaum

X-Motiv

Yangshao-KeramikYayoi-Keramik

X621 X-Ornament

y

829 Yiibetsu-Technik94, 1179

Z

168

957, 1193

592118

102681, 83, 273b

520618619

3,20, 21205546804

1129796449

222, 984, 987

39594

104, 181, 666, 738, 1087187190

185, 286

Zugeklopftes SteinbeilZugeschlagene(r, s)Zugeschnittenes SteinbeilZurichtungZusammengesetzte(r, s)

GeratPIattensarg

Zusammengestellte GefaBeZusatzkammernZuschlaggeratZweifltigelige PfeilspitzeZweischlagstichelZweischneidigkeitZweistufige BestattungZwillings-Kofun

siehe auch:ktirbisformiges Hiigelgrab

ZwingeZwischenkeramikZylinderbeilZylindergefaBZylinderhammertechnikZylinder-Haniwa

419, 1064, 106583322683030

115, 830238523

830, 9381082

35717

396, 819204, 777

1174129629

806, 913,1103, 1176

53103312001034

ZackenkeuleZackenschneideZahnbein-StatuetteZahneinkerbung, ktinstlicheZahn. extraktion

feilungmaterialperleversttimmelung

ZapfenbodenZapfenfuBZeitpunktZeremonialgeschirrZickzackmusterZickzack-RouletteZierplattenZinkenmusterZipfung des Mundsaums

ZivilisationZonales JomonZonale FischgratenZonalverzierung

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ENGLISH INDEX

A

36455, 1104

595481b, 639

565, 594774

- occupation 852armlet 1153arm ornament 1153arrowhead: (gen.) 1173, 1221

American type 7bronze 158double-winged 804four-faced 958with hollow base 497, 1170iron 318, 1092, 1097perforated 1208serrated 833of shell 454stemless 702stone 883three-faced 837, 840, 1192three-winged 843tooth 241transverse 77

artifuc~ 130,404artificial deformation of the skull 1224assemblage of finds 617assimilation 136associated faunal relics 650associated find 292, 651associated floral relics 652asymmetrical passage grave 495attending (burial) mounds 24Awabi vessel 18awl: (gen.) 281,382

bone 733, 929neolithic 382, 1115

'axe-tool' 546axes and adzes: (gen.) 78,748

battle-axe 1096bone a. 588boot-shaped axe 633broad edged a. 1125chisel-shaped adze 388, 732cigar-shaped adze 666constricted a. 951cut-out a. 1026cylindrical a. 104, 181, 666, 738, 1087flat adze 304four-cornered chipped a. 1051~ouge-shaped adze 666Iron a. 1088with lateral projections (axe) 1201,1202lenticular axe 107, 224nicked adze 163, 522, 1210pandurate a. 214,951partially ground a. 640pear-shaped a. 23

274463425129914

1219971406

912397

1220955, 1007

65145

112720578595

77998

5587

1140

285, 288, 401402864407412412785462

1094851105952

1002220966231372576771

aborigine(s)abri siteabsolute dateaccessoriesaccompanying findsacculturationadditional burialadditional compartmentsadze (see also: axes and adzes)Ainu: fortified place

potteryalignmentAlluvial Epochalternate flakingAmerican type arrowheadangle graverangle between striking platform and

ventral sideangulate vesselanimal-face handleanimal styleantecedeante-chamberantenna hilt (sword)anthropologyanthropomorphic:

haniwaplastic figuresstone 'haniwa'vessel

antique (culture)antiquity, classicalantler object

pickanvil:

markstechnique

application of ornamentapplied clay noodlesapplied clay ribsapplied force, point ofapproximate datea quo, terminusarchreology: as science

historicalArchaic Stage

(American archreology)arch-like handlearcs: (gen.)

continuousarea of:

dispersiondistribution

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS92

axes and adzes:pecked a. 592perforated axe 1209awith pointed butt (axe) 104, 738quadrangular (gen.) a. 336quadrangular adze 93quadrangular a., with plane or

convex faces 106, 933, 1072quadrangular nicked adze 163,522, 1210round a. 642rudder-shaped chipped axe 13shaft-hole axe 1209b

- shell axeshouldered axespatulate a.stepped adzestone a.stone copy of a.thick-butted axetusk, adze ofviolin-shaped a.special names

axe edgeaxe-shaped pendant

8, 1964

251205

231194859

872,873223225

214, 951760, 1084696, 796

257

745800802

1112

121101, 766

781

492464688724

769, 772432, 443

333637768122

743b, 10351181491

547, 663714316

1158547,663

2381159537238

351, 61411581069807941

497, 11701070

2170319

2739587739

65291

10091153, 1154a

141, 255429714

B704, 706b beaked vessel

547, 663 beaker, squarebedding, charcoal

claygravelshell

beehive tombbell-shaped potbell, sphericalbellybelt fastenerbelt pendantsbevelled edgebiface:

discoidalovatepear-shapedsee also: hand-axe, etc.

bifacial pointbifacial (shaping, retouch)bipolar blow

1055 bird-shaped vessel31, 943, 946, 1206 blade:

1096 backed 704, 706b1084 broad 551

bronze 317knife 556b, 704, 706bmicro- 557b, 656, 764, 820, 823aplain 759small 557a, 656, 764, 823b, 1022stone (gen.) 56, 383c, 765, 863

blade flake 57blade point 346blade tool 403blister ornament 1134block of flint 34blow (gen.) 1152

bipolar 802vertical 101 5

backed bladeball beadbamboo, impressions:

-sticksplit­

banana-shaped stonebanglebar, stonebarbbarrel(-shaped) beadbase of an arrowhead:

hollow or indentedbase of vessel: (gen.)

concavedisc-shapedflatindentedknobbedleaf-impressednippledsee also: bottom

bat impressionshalon de commandementbattle-axe: (gen.)

Tengu'sbead:

ballbarrel(-shaped)flatfossil-woodglobularcomma-shapedmortar-shapedpolyhedrictoothtubularwooden

bead braceletbeakbeaked graver

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ENGLISH INDEX 93

blunting (the back of a blade) 296 - stone imitation of 934

boat-burial 209, 982 string 1044

boat-shaped stone coffin 208 tusk 239

boat-shaped tool 210, 957 bracer, leather 1106

body (of an object) 673 bracket ornament 1136

body ornaments 955, 1007 break 114

bone: broad blade 551

awl 733, 929 broad-edged axe (adze) 1125

adze or axe 588 Bronze Age 849comb 342 bronze arrowhead (gen.) 158

gimlet 341 three-faced 1192harpoon 344 bronze bell 157hoe 343 bell bracelet 1030implement 575 blade 317inscription 577 bracelet 143, 1030knife 571, 606 cogwheel plaque 1107needle case 602 copy 38, 1077needle 603,604a dagger 350(and horn) objects 572, 575 drum 142oracle 928 halberd: see pick-dagger(and horn) point 604b, 733 -hilted dagger 1196scraper 569 mirror:spatula 340, 569 (handled) 165spearhead 573, 604b, 605 (plane border) 315sword 606 (ridged border) 836work-tray 601 (swollen border) 466

boot-shaped axe 633 (TLV) 1071border of a bronze mirror: pick-dagger:

plane 315 (narrow-bladed) 904ridged 836 (short-tanged) 137, 624swollen 466 (wide-bladed) 321

boring 37 pike: see spearheadbosses 361, 1120 socket 1144bottom of a vessel: spearhead 33, 126, 320, 813, 903

flat 319 thrusting weapon 126, 138mat-imprinted 4 Bronze-Stone Age 850pointed 739, 922, 1082, 1098 brush, scraping with 265raised 2 bulb negative 117rounded 667 of percussion 116, 1148see also: base bulbar scar 1149

bowl: (gen.) 258 buoy nozzle 1157deep 199 burial (gen.) 657roofed 1068 burial:stemmed 1039 additional 1127stone 868 boat 209, 982with foot or handle 693 with coffin 485

bowl barrow 180 with cover-pot 471bowl-shaped 1166 collective 240bow-tip 1157, 1195 cumulated 427bracelet: (gen.) 631, 1153, 1154b extended 956

bead 1069 face-down posture 198bell 1030 flexed: see contracted burialbronze 143 with house-shaped coffin 487hoe-shaped 635 infant 741, 1122shell 444 jar 473

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94 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 8, 1964

burial: - stone-built 877joint 240 subterranean 64lying position 230, 256, 999 sunken 1059, 1060multiple 240 symmetrical 261, 801ostentatious 600 trench type 1059, 1060, 1185plain 277 wooden 682b, 683, 1137with roofed coffin 487 burial jar: (gen.) 472secondary 449 for infant 566,741, 1049, 1122with shell filling 432, 443 burial mound: (gen.) 132, 133, 197,shell-mound 457 211, 215, 216, 329, 1038ship 209, 987 attending 24with stone coffin 894 circular 180with stone sarcophagus 888 escorting 24with stone weight 112 Kofun 552stretched: see extended burial Burial-mound Period, Japanese 553subterranean 61 burial pit, trench type 860tumulus 211 burial place 899

burial chamber: burial vessel 566, 1122asymmetrical 495 burin: (gen.) 58, 73corridor 1183 keeled 957entrance to 179, 908 burnish 658horizontal 194, 1131, 1183 burnished pottery 659maIn 249 butt:with pebble filling 1137 stone axe 70pit-cave 64 shaft end 395shaft-niche 64 buttress stones 227, 1062a

44511312

298119939568862859

366366703118

69, 83, 299, 815

821385731

388, 7327680

11179, 279

CC-14 940cairn 505, 1138caliper-shaped pot 637carved dowel (or stick) rouletting 452, 753carving technique 290cave dwelling 514cave site 144, 145, 146ceramic coffin or sarcophagus 1101ceremonial ware 396, 819Chalcolithic Age 534change:

culturetypological

channelchannelled:

bladestone dagger

chapecharcoal filling (bedding)chariot moundchashicheck-stamp patternchequer patternchest-type stone coffinchippedchipping

- repeatedchipschiselchisel-shaped adzechokko design or motivechopping toolchopper, chopping toolchopperchronological:

overlapping 719sequence or succession 303

chronology: (gen.) 718dendro- 725varve- 723(absolute date) 1220(relative date) 1010

cigar-shaped stone 1009circular burial mound: (gen.) 180

tangented 987see also gourd-shaped kofun & twin kofun

civilization 53civilized society 53clam-shaped edge 278classical antiquity 412Classic Stage (American archreology) 607classification (of objects) 509, 510, 610

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ENGLISH INDEX 95

clay 720, 1032 coiled string impressions 762

clay bedding 724 coiling technique 660

bosses 1120 cold climate phase 574

coating 722 collared pot 469

coffin 186, 282, 287, 289 comb, bone 342

coffin burial 487 comb-marked: design 629

copy 151 pottery 630ear ornaments 150 comma-shaped:

clay figurine: (gen.) 134 beads and gems 238, 523, 654'crowned' 746 pendants 901, 1109with face-tattooing 242 see also: magatamagoggle-eyed 930 compartments, additional 205with headgear 746 component culture 527horse-shaped 123 composite: 520masked 202 slab coffin 620, 1006owl-faced 678 stone coffin 619with triangular head 1175 tool 618zoomorphic 127,420 concave:

clay head-rest 283 base 2knobs 175, 775, 979b curvature 1011mantle 722 concentric:mask 147 circles 154plaque 124 lozenges 797rattle 148 concentrics 154rib 1117, 1118 concentric semicircles 155, 423ribbon 314, 721 conchoidal fracture 440ribs, applied 220 conical:ridges 314, 809, 810, 1117, 1118 core 183sling ball or bullet 1124 vessel 327solid 782, 1146 constricted gem 681stamp 1028 constriction 293strips 517 contact zone 924tablet 124, 213 continuous:warts 1120 arcs 774weight 156 hatched triangles 649

cleaver 622, 853 nail impressions 648closed finds 617 scrolls 744cloth (gen.) 750 zigzag 777cloth imprints 736 contracted burial 632, 1004, 1213cloud design 621 controlled flaking 83club, stone 856, 882a, 895 conventionalizationclub-foot axe 13 (of a pattern or design) 32club-head (with shaft-hole) 584 convex curve (sword) 1151bcoffee-bean pattern 931 cooking hearth 467b, 468coffin: (gen.) 474 Copper Age 139, 153, 426

ceramic 1101 copy:clay 186, 282, 287, 289, 487 in bronze 38, 1077composite 619, 620, 1006 in clay: see clay copystone: see stone coffin in stone: see stone copytrough type 1168, 1169 cord, stranded 1187wooden 684, 1168 corded ware 910vessel 1122 cord-impressed pottery 910

coffin burial 485 cord impressions:coffin support 475 herring-bone 1155cogwheel plaque, bronze 1107 zoned 1033

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 8, 1964

49, 79243

5271079976

701a, 911, 1214

911, 1214585

107447, 50

5244

3634851

46, 404­427338612641

207, 64310761026

189, 1087190282

666104, 181, 738, 1087

186, 282188185187

culture, pattern ofculture: (gen.)

componentIron Agemarginalnon-cera~ic }pre-ceramIcpre-Jomon tpre-pottery fresultantsedentary

culture areaassetschange-containing layercontentslayerrelics

cumulated burialcup, squarecup-stonecurved edgecurvilinear designcut-and-thrust weaponcut-out axe (adze)cylinder axecylinder hammer techniquecylinder-shaped clay coffincylindrical:

adzeaxeclay coffincorehaniwavessel

220221450886957183219

85532

889,957543890

1141981990

171, 9061131, 1183

172, 907964616

20,471500621

947799

626, 1061790719419

482, 891746

100552

363

96

cordoningcordoned designcord rouletting techniquecore: (gen.)

boat-shaped(semi) conicalirregular(un)prepared

core, tortoisecore graver

scrapertool

corniform handlecorpuscorrelation of stratacorridor: (gen.)corridor burial chambercorridor tombcortexcoup de poingcover-potcrested S-patterncrested X-figurescriterion of:

qualityquantity

cromlechcrop out (vii)cross datingcross-shaped stone objectcrown, stone'crowned' clay figurinecrudely manufactured potterycultural properties- remains, layer containing

D725965120

691,700119593169

259, 266, 337121

1207170121177

1065, 1066983610

496,846, 1133

dendrochronologydeposit, naturaldepotdesign (gen.)diffusion (of culture elements)diluvial epochdimpled potterydimpled stonedisc:

perforateddisc base (of vessel)discoidal bifacediscoidal scraperdiscoid mace-head, spokeddiscovereddiscriminationdish

1196350

393,670, 11991197717

1220231

1010489719

348, 940848

1008129692

1224

dagger:bronze-hiltednarrow-bladed bronzestonestone copy of d.

date: (gen.)absoluteapproximaterelativesequence

dating, crossradiocarbonsequence

decorated tombdecoration panelsdecoration zonedeformation, skull

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ENGLISH INDEX 97

10763,21

696, 796291795798804

92, 988477762

452, 753451, 1189

281, 382, 880170142664

945, 1057b, 1058424

297, 974

- weapondouble jardouble-plane edgedouble-prong incisionsdouble-shouldered:

pointdouble-winged: arrowhead

kofundoughnut-shaped vesseldowel-imprints, string-wrappeddowel rouletting:

carved or engraved stickstring-wrapped stick

drilldromosdrum, bronzedug-out (canoe)dwelling pit

placesite

138895670

120783936454

55, 1104672613103816

149a, 959108413

975, 977157754

776, 780, 1086796

disk: see discdispersion:

area ofdistribution:

area ofdistinctive featuredivision

main-sub­

dolmen:table

dome-shaped kofundomestic potteryd6takudot ornamentdotted linedouble edge (of sword)double-edged:

bronze (thrusting) weaponstone clubstone dagger

E675995

1215488b, 676

675150

1162

696, 796666491494173

14, 534452, 753

957306184908

191, 246, 9731222535

12231025

24749267949373290956

516, 674100, 579

double-planehollowsingle

embossed stampingend-scraperEneolithic Age or periodengraved dowel roulettingengraverengraving, spatula-Ento potteryentrance to a corridor tombeolithepi-epigraphyEpi-Jomon potteryerased Jomonescorting (burial) moundseverted (rim)excavation: (gen.)

trialexcised ornamentexcising techniqueextended burialeyeleteye-shaped bump rouletting

160159

419278641

1019488a677675

1147519, 521

332, 409, 410, 1147533, 677

519529675

ear beadsearliestearlyear ornaments: (gen.)

beadsclaymortar-shapedpeg: see ear-pegpendantpulley-shapedring: see ear-ringrosary: see ear-rosarysand-glass shapeslit-ring

ear-pegear-ring:

Chinese slitJapanese slit

ear-rosaryeboshi-shaped:

stone objectvessel support

edge:bevelledclam-shapedcurved

fabric (gen.)fabricatorfabric-impressed tile

F75084

737

face:on handleson vessel

405235

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98 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

304319316

61300a712

365726299435

11641164

7272

228125

3121064828636110

1191

21834

115611571203

486, 729652

1143

- primarysecondaryserialstep

flaking ringsflaking wavesflanged rimflange lipflaring rimflask (pottery)flat:

adzebasebeadgravegravertang

flexed burial:see: contracted burial

flintflint blockfloat, pumicefloat nozzlefloorfloral patternfloral relics, associatedflower-basketfluting:

longitudinalvertical

food gatheringfootfooted (vessel)formFormative Stage

(American archreology) 506fortified place of the Ainu 59fossil-wood beads 1158force, point of applied 966four-faced arrowhead 958four-cornered chipped stone axe (adze) 1051fracture, conchoidal 440free flaking 271friction marks 668fuller 513funerary house 682bfunerary objects 206funnel-shaped rim 12, 229

233, 861226

24282

650271395909

192, 1105214, 951

969

688769, 772432, 443

362651617

671136648

960, 948936460500621968783

784, 1057a381467972

1178347, 422

694b217,270,778

818275, 1064

309, 376, 763272

102, 273558

83271271742

face tattooing, simulated(un)faceted striking platformfaunal relics, associatedfeather edge flakingferrulefibre-tempered potteryfibulafiddle-shaped axe (adze)figurate potteryfigurine:

clay: see clay figurinestonetusk, figurine made of

filling:charcoalgravelshell

find: (gen.)accompanying or associatedclosedpeculiar or rare

fingernail impressions: (gen.)continuous

finger-tip impressionsfinishfinishingfinned S-patternfinned X-figures'fire-extinguisher' haniwafire-pitfireplace: (gen.)

stone-enclosed- with ventilation duct

firing (pottery)fish-spearfissuresfixed-head harpoonflake: (gen.)

with scraping edgeflake scar

scrapertool

flaking: (gen.)alternatecontrolledfeather-edgefreepressure

Ggallery gravegem, constricted or segmented'General's Mound'

986 geometric:681 design967 microlith

528530, 531

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ENGLISH INDEX 99

1140941889

300957554

112910461047

90b,435b89

1024, 104566,68

75171

985509, 510864, 865

355b

grave mound 132, 133,197,215,216,1038graver: (gen.) 73, 88, 254

see also buringraver:

anglebeakedcoredouble blow: see ordinaryflat(keeled burin)(microburin)ordinarypolyhedricsingle-blow

graver blowgraver facetgrindstonegrooved ornamentgrooves: (gen.)

radiatingground (vessel surface)grouping of objectsguard, tomb-guide object

533690253

211b61

529638341357354

547,663930

666, 731872, 873

322323, 987

gold ringgrain impressionsgrattoirgrave: (gen.)

flatmounded see burial mound

grave goods 151, 206, 869gravel bedding 769gravel filling 772grave markers 1062a

geometric:style

Giants' Legendgimlet, boneglacialglacial epochglobular beadgoggle-eyed clay figurinegouge: (gen.)

stone copy ofgourd-shaped:

bottlekofun

see also twin-kofun,tangented tombs

283386, 857

467b, 46812001155600

1130

864285, 288, 401

18596812312

5391110128286

287, 289694344

176, 1121695482417

1012649,935

- stone copyanthropomorphiccylindricalfire-extinguisherhorse-typetrumpet-shapedutensil typewrist-guardzoomorphic

haniwa coffinhaniwa-type clay coffinharpoon: (gen.)

boneswallow-tailed

harpoon head'hat', stonehatchings: (gen.)

interruptedin triangles

head-rest:claystone

hearth, cookingherring-bone, zonalherring-bone, cord impressionshigh-class burialhilt

H570

137, 321, 904243, 428

1075884

155,423107, 223, 224, 278

394, 105427979

280, 726, 727101, 766

7811119, 1130

425481b, 639

11411141805

1128236, 405

1083481a

1131

284, 512

hair-pinhalberd:

bronzeChineseIronstone

half concentricshamaguri-shaped edgehammer-stonehand-adze: (gen.)

chopperhand-axe: (gen.)

ovate formpear-shaped

handle: (gen.)animal-facedarch-likecorniformhorn-shapedknob-shapedloopingwith masknose-shapedring-likevaultingzoomorphic

haniwa: (gen.) clay

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100 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 8, 1964

hinge fracture 90,435 horn implement 459, 572, 785historical archreology 771 horn-shaped handle 1141

history, recorded 770 horizontal:hoard 120, 325, 371, 617 corridor chamber 1131

hoe: rock-cut tomb 1182

bone 343 striking platform 1016

stone 384 horse, stone 855wooden 655 horse-type haniwa 123

hoe-shaped bracelet 635 house-type coffin 487hollow foot (vessel) 1037 house-type stone coffin 367hollow-based stone arrowhead 497, 1170 house ware (pottery) 975, 977, 1005hollowed-out stone coffin 164, 345) 623 H-shaped pattern 562honeycomb stone 259, 266, 337 human face decoration 405

I

Ice Age 354 indicative find or object 161identifying mark 672 indigenous 408imitations: see copy indirect technique 484, 755images, anthropomorphic 402 infant burial 1122imperial tomb 794 infant burial jar 741impressions: infant jar-burial 1049

bamboo stick 65 inhumation 657bat 1055 inner surface ornamentation 710coiled string 767 inside lug pottery 708, 1150continuous nail 648 inside ornamentation 710fingernail 1136 interglacial 476finger-tip 948,960 interlocked ornament 374(rice-) grain 690 intermediate pottery 94herring-bone cord 1155 interment 657knot 421 internal lug (pottery) 708, 1150leaf 587 internal ridge 114mat 178 interrupted hatchings 1012oblique Jomon 927 inturned: 711rolled string 1189 rIm 707b, 709roller 747 inward curvature or flexion 707b, 709,rope 1139 711, 1151ashell (gen.) 250,436 Iron Age 1080shell-apex 437 Iron Age culture 1079shell-back 438 iron:split bamboo 291 arrowhead 318, 1092, 1097string (gen.) 1188 axe (adze) 1088string on tile 716 cut-and-thrust weapon 1076string-wrapped dowel 451 halberd 1075texture 736 lance 1090ab, 1091zoned cord 1033 partisan 1090c

imprints, cloth 736 pick-dagger 1075see also: impressions pike: see spearhead

incense burner 589 spearhead 33, 1090, 1091incised decoration 580 weapon copied in bronze 1077

'incised pottery' 847 - copied in stone 1078incisions, double-prong 291 irregular:

indented base: core 219of vessel 2 stone implement 555of arrowhead 497 Iwaibe 86, 396

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ENGLISH INDEX 101

Jjarjar burial: (gen.)

infantjewel-polishing grindstonejoined vesselsjoining arcsjoint burialJomon: alternate

470473

10491045

20774240

1025

- erasedherring-boneoriginal J.1

original J.2

Jomon impressions, obliqueJomon on raised zonesJomon ornament, realJomon pottery, Epi-

10251155414416927415450

1223

K

137,624625,884

47627

166, 167330

222, 984, 987628,967

55386

590

knob 361knob ornament 175, 775, 979knob-shaped handles 805knoll (of a kofun) 548knot impressions 421Kofun: (gen.) 552

dome-shaped K. 413double-winged K. 92, 988gourd-shaped K. 222, 323, 324, 987keyhole type: see abovemirror-shapedsquare plantwin typespecial names

Kofun periodKorean potteryKoropokguruKris-shaped weapon:

bronzestone

Kulturkreiskurgan

957210, 538

571, 6061116555

326, 434377, 383, 706a

874556b, 704, 706b

383705, 706a

548, 1135, 121692, 166, 167, 352,

988, 1217, 121860,87,628

752, 825248455

keeled:burinscraper

keyhole-type kofun:parts ofshapes of

special names ofKijima potteryKitashirakawa pottery, Lowerkitchen middenknife:

bonecurvedmulti-edgedshell-madestonestone replica of a

knife bladeknife-blade, imitationknife-scraper, stemmed

64756828

597220932

369, 598244

51, 363586

lacustrine dwellingladle:

potteryshell, made of

lake-dwellinglance: see iron lancelarge-sized stone implementlatelatestlatticework: (gen.)

cordoningobliquerouletting

laurel leaf pointlayer, culturalleaf design

L563 leaf-impressed base

leather original152 l'eau courante442 leg of a vessel, hollow563 leg ornament

lenticular section, axe withlid lugslidded vessellip:

as rimas beakflange-

lipped rimlithic stageloamloam bed

587501811

103715

107,22436, 715

19

549, 55080772

492898788789

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102 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

lobed rim 264, 713longitudinal fluting 312loop 516, 674looping handle 1128lozenges, concentric 797lozenge-shaped (bump) rouletting 100,579

lug:inside, internalzoomorphiclid-

lump of flint

115013171534

M

567555240

30, 115, 830

503557b, 656, 764,820, 823a, 824

554824

microburinmicro-coremicrolith:

geometric 530,531non-geometric 824

middle 95mirror, bronze 165, 315, 334, 836, 1071mirror-shaped kofun 166, 167moat 234, 542, 978mode 1191modelling 1081, 1093model pottery 355amodel site 356bmonochrome (pottery) 1048monofacial 493moorland dwelling site 974Moresque ornament 486, 729mortar-shaped:

beadear ornament

moulding:moulding techniquemound

11591162498697

132, 133, 196, 197,215, 216, 328, 1038

mound burial: see burial moundmounded grave: see burial moundmouth and neck of a vesselmulti-edge knifemultiple burialmutilation, tooth

- plaquemicro-blade

645646644

671, 1062b431

99129

24910327666246

976447147405202

4, 178,416964811

1065, 1066479, 483, 892

5841067654

71582901

238, 523

mace-head:discoidal spokedring-shapedwith shaft-holespoked

magatama: (gen.)grooved'parasitical'Stone Agemade from tooth or tusksee also comma-shaped bead

main burial chambermain divisionmain flake surfaceMalayan potteryman-made relicsmarginal culturemarine transgression and regressionmask, claymask application on handlemasked figurinemat-impressionmatrixmeander patternmegalithic:

culturemonumenttomb

menhirmesh-work patternMesolithic Agemetal: pane]

Nnail impressions, continuousnarrow-bladed:

bronze pikedaggerpick-dagger

natural:depositremainssurface of a stone

648

813,903350, 1196

904

965963964

neck (of a vessel)neck ornamentsneck-restneedle, boneneedle casenegative bulbNeolithic Agenet impressions, ornamentnet sinker

504611857

603, 604a602117953

810, 881

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ENGLISH INDEX 1°3

269, 620, 100610021002735

1083162, 540490, 996

734740, 886

non-megalithic stone cistnoodle applicationnoodles, claynose scrapernose-shaped handlenotchnotchednotchingnucleus

9379162490

163, 522, 1210739730885

701a, 911, 1214531, 824

netted string ornamentniche (in the burial chamber)nicknicked: (gen.)

adzenippled base (of a vessel)Nipponanthropusnodulenon-ceramic culturenon-geometric microlith

0

objects made of shell 446 orientalized style 1099oblique Jomon impression 927 original Jomon1 414oblique lattice work 932 original Jomon2 416obsidian 1100 ornament 691, 700occupation, area of 852 ornaments, body 956, 1007-oid 1180 o-sembei pottery: see Senbei potteryOld Stone Age 653 ossuary 608one-shouldered 490 ostentatious burial 600openwork: out-turned rim 707b, 749

ornament 503 oval (bump) rouletting 100, 579technique 129 ovate form biface (hand-axe) 101, 766

oracle bone 928 overlapping 418,719ordinary graver 1129 owl-faced clay figurine 678organic substance 130

p

paddle stamping 1055 peaked rim 913paddy-field site 1014 pear-shaped:painted pottery 822, 829 axe or adze 23painting (on vessel wall) 827 biface 781Palreolithic Age 653 pebble artifact 773pandurate axe (adze) 214,951 pebble filling, burial with 1137papilla ornament 175, 775, 979a pecked stone axe (adze) 592parasitical magatama 582 peeker (stone) 1142parietal: pecking method 544, 591

drawing 237 pedestal 525, 545painting 302 peg-footed (vessel) 1082

partially ground (stone) adze 640 pendant: (gen.) 1018, 1019, 1052partisan 1090 axe-shaped 257passage grave: belt 256, 1181

asymmetrical 495 comma-shaped 1109symmetrical 261, 801, 986 sen1i-elliptic 499, 559

passage way 171, 906 made of tooth 939paste 1032 percussion: (gen.) 1152patina(tion) 599, 756, 876 perpendicular 1015pattern 691, 700 perforated:pattern of culture 49, 792 bottom (of a vessel) 596paving 944, 945 clay solids 782paving stones 200 disc 1207peaks (on the rim) 806, 1103 (rice) reaper 998

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1°4 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS 8, 1964

perforated: - double shouldered 798stone arrowhead 1208 laurel-leaf 244stone axe 1209a stemmed or tanged 1204, 1212stone plaque 1043 willow-leaf 812wall (of a vessel) 182,665 pointed:

periodization 399 bottom 739, 922, 1082, 1098perpendicular percussion 1015 butt 104, 181, 738pick: rim-projections 1176

antler 462 polish 658'mesolithic' 993 polished (e.g. axe) 669

pick-a-back magatama 582 pollen analysis 430pick-dagger: polychrome (pottery) 1053

bronze 137, 321, 624, 904 polyhedric:Iron 1075 bead 537stone 625, 884 graver 1046

pike: pommel 1132narrow bladed 813, 903 postglacial epoch 561socketed bronze 126,320,339,813,903 post hole 295socketed iron 1090 post quem, terminus 370tanged 605, 1177 pot as protecting cover 20, 471wide bladed 320 pot: (gen.) 199

pile dwelling 564 bell-shaped 637pillow plaque 97, 615, 1123 caliper-shaped 637pin 1105 collared 469pit cave 62, 63, 1056 toy 1040, 1042pit-cave burial chamber 64 potter's wheel 787pit dwelling 514, 1057b, 1058 pottery:pithecanthropus 757 carefully manufactured 854pitted pottery 169 crudely manufactured 1005pitted stone 612 Epi-Jomon 1223plain: monochromic 1048

blade 759 painted 822burial 277 thick-walled 16, 17d.esign 1003, 1050 thin-walled 1160, 1161rIm 75 pottery:

plane border (bronze mirror) 315 flask 125, 322plaque: ladle 152

belt or girdle 743 mound 140clay 124 spoon 152cogwheel-shaped 1107, 1108 steamer 467b, 468metal 503, 1107 pouring vessel 125pillow 97, 615, 1123 pre- 905stone 1108 precede 914

plastic figure haniwa 512 pre-ceramic culture 911, 1214plastic images, anthropomorphic 402 predecessor 915plate 845 prehistoric archreology 921pluvial epoch 609 prehistory:Pleistocene 593 as period 1211point 758, 923 as science 918, 962point of a blade 346 prehistory and protohistory 919point of applied force 966 pre-Jomon culture 911, 1214point: (un)prepared core 85

bifacial 745 pre-ceramic culture 701a, 911, 1214bone 604b, 733 pressure flaking 742bone or horn 573 primary flaking 365

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ENGLISH INDEX 1°5

processing (gen.)repeated

projectile pointprojections:

kofunrimstone axe

prong-marked designprotohistoric periodproto-Jomonprototype

460821

1204, 1221

1135806, 1176

1201, 1202629247245992

pseudo-Jomonpseudo-meanderpulley-shaped ear ornamentpumice floatpunched designpunchespunch techniquepunctationspunctations, row ofpuncturesPure Copper Age

250251

488a1156

961, 1114754

484, 755754

776, 780, 1086961, 1114

426

Qquadrangular:

adze (gen.)chisel-shaped adze

33693, 388, 732

- convex-sided axe or adze 106, 933, 1072nicked adze 522, 1210

quern, saddle 390, 392

3645567

148

2221,809, 1117, 1118

207415

R309, 376, 763

34771

348, 761, 94072

84305

220, 1117, 1118314, 721, 1002

533483, 479

1171481a1164892515299583

retouching toolrhomboidrib, clayribbon, clayrice reaper: see reaperridge, internal 114ridge, clay 314, 809, 810, 1117, 1118ridge (on stone implement) 793ridged border (mirror) 836rim: (gen.) 549

everted 749flanged 72flaring 228funnel-shaped 229in-turned 707a, 709, 711lobed 264, 713out-turned 707b, 749peaked 913plain 75rail-head 72rippled 583straight horizontal 301thickening of 313

rim part of a vessel 560rim projections 806, 1176ring:

gold ear­stone

ring building techniqueringlike handlerings, flaking­ring-shaped mace-headring standripple chippingrippled rim

raeloirradial fissuresradiating groovesradiocarbon datingrail-head rimraised:

bottom (vessel)designornamentzones with Jomon

range of:dispersiondistribution

rare object or findrattle, clayreaper:

Chinese 882bshell, made of 326, 433perforated 998prototype 994stone, made of 377

rectangular cell rouletting 335rectangular (chipped) stone axe (adze) 1051reinforced border (mirror) 836reinforcing part on a blade 954relative date 1010religious celebration site 826relics 362, 404relief stamping 494replica: see copy, clay copy, stone copyreprocessing 821resultant culture 585retouch: (gen.) 331, 349

unifacial 493bifacial 800

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106 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

450,451579, 100369, 598579, 100579, 100

335451, 1189

817687

687, 1174642767667

776, 780, 10861041

13

- cordeye-shapedlattice-worklozenge-shapedovalrectangular cellsstringtrapeziformwood-fibre effectzigzag

round axe (adze)round scraperrounded bottomrow of punctationsrubbingrudder-shaped (chipped) stone axe

194, 1182237397712

451, 1189747

1068487

11391139675

791, 808452747

452,753

rock-cut tombrock picturerock-shelter siterod-shaped tangrolled string impressionrolling

see also: roulettingroofed bowlroofed coffin burialfope-coiling potteryrope impressed potteryrosaryrostra-carinaterouletting: (gen.)

its applicationcarved stick

s818439

306, 310744

1076201,926

449728

1074965

213681214891

155,423183

499, 559679

752,82542

303489848299

833387387229

1186980

1209500

193, 937

scraper edge, flake withscraping, shell­scraping marks, spatulascrolls, continuousS-curved bladeseamsecondary burialsecondary flakingsedentary culturesediment(ation), naturalsegmented:

clay tabletgemstone axe (adze)

sekkansemicircles, concentricsemiconical coresemi-elliptical pendantsemi-processed objectSenbei potteryseparationsequence, chronologicalsequence datessequence datingserial flakingserrated:

arrowheadedgeimplement

set-off (rim)Setouchi techniquesettlementSetzkeilS-figure, crested or finnedS-figure design

390, 39287

355a356b

11461147461

11011137

578, 630, 847845387352

74, 1020569543177173

309, 363, 376253

210a, 538383b, 389

735309, 376, 763

767445

818,831383b, 389, 502, 556a, 706a,

862, 1021, 1085, 1198705

10231021

391085

stemmed knifestemmed spatulatestemmed transversethumb-endspecial names

saddle quernsake-bottle moundsample potterysample sitesand-glass-shaped:

clay objectear-peg

sarcophagus: (gen.)ceramicwood

Satsumon potterysaucersawscallop-shaped kofunscraper: (gen.)

bonecorediscoidalendflakegrattoirkeeledknifenoseraeloirroundshellsidestemmed

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ENGLISH INDEX 1°7

340, 569445306310306311

11441145

782, 114635

832

23376, 1023

384

882a1076

41375826

1224619860

620, 10061095, 1124

378518, 1027

573, 604b, 605126, 320, 813, 903

33339

393, 879117776840

458, 1163832291931

519521

557a, 656, 764, 823b, 1022467a

930203, 1031

single-edged:stone clubweapon

sinkersite: (gen.)

of religious celebrationskull deformation, artificialslab-built coffinslab-covered burial trenchslab coffin, compositesling ball or bulletsling stoneslipslit ear-ring:

ChineseJapanese

small bladesmoke escape'snow-goggles', figurine withsocketsocketed:

bronze spearhead 33, 126, 320, 813, 903Chinese spearhead 33iron lance 1090a,b, 1091spearhead (gen.) 339

socket-shaped object:bronzestone

solids, claysolid foot or leg (vessel)spallsspatula:

bonemade of shellengravingscraping marksscraping ornamentshaping technique

spatulate:axe or adzescraperstone object

spearhead:bone or hornbronze, socketedChinese, socketedsocketed (gen.)stonetanged (gen.)

spherical bellspindle whorlspiral motif or ornamentsplinterssplit bamboo impressionssplit-disc pattern

45425

448444934

25432,443

26436437438250

326,433442

26, 27, 446326, 433

453445439445448446

181102455457456352

209, 982955634

137581996

1205465380387

1186818,831

1000596

10501047491

113062, 63, 1056

6431,943

81800493937

shaftshaft-nicheshaft-niche burial chambershaft-straightenershaping (gen.)

bifacialunifacial

sheep's-tooth ornamentshell:

arrowheadaxebedbraceletbracelet, imitation in stonechopperfillingimplementimprints: (gen.)

(apex)(back)(pseudo-Jomon)

knifeladleobjects made of(rice) reaperringscraperscrapingspatulastratumtoolvesselwaste

shell moundshell-mound burialshell-mound potteryshell-shaped kofunship burialShirataki-type boat-shaped toolshoe-last celtshort-tanged bronze halberd or

pick-daggershoulder-cups, vessel withshouldered (e.g. point)shouldered axesicklesickle stonesickle toothside-blow flakeside scraperside walls (sarcophagus, etc.)sieve vesselsimple designsingle blow graversingle edge

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JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

877858

897900

115211382

8, 1964

888

893479, 483

887b380

1145393,879

232, 994, 1043391

479, 483, 881875,898

- protection for coffinreplica: see stone copyrepository for corpseringsarcophagussicklesocketspearheadtabletvaseweight

Stone AgeStone Age:

culturepottery

stone-built:burial chambertomb

stone club:double-knobbed 856single-edged 882adouble-edged 895

stone coffin: (gen.) 893with aperture 1184boat-shaped 208chest-type 703hollowed-out 164, 345, 623house-type 367, 487trough-type 1169

stone coffin burial 894stone copy: (gen.) 870, 871

of axe or adze 872, 873of bronze cogwheel plaque 1108of bronze dagger 1197of bronze halberd: see pick-daggerof chisel 872, 873of dish 866of filter bed 867of gouge 872,873of iron weapon 1078of knife 874of nletal knife blade 383a, 556aof mirror, etc. 1207of pick-dagger 625, 884of shell bracelet 934

storage pit 11, 1057astorage vessel 91stoup 1068straight horizontal rim 301stranded cord 1187stratigraphy 989, 991stretched burial: see extended burialstrikingstriking platform: (gen.)

(un)faceted

102190,435

1194

1067152844

96,112696

464338330

1012842

1028494525

356a467b, 468

596702

419, 1066482, 891

1026393,670,879, 1199

880233, 861

884864

482, 891384855896

377, 383, 706a857896

944, 945884

1043, 1108

833,883, 1170, 1208859

141, 255878

478, 480, 102922, 269, 620, 1006

853262

1039705

1204, 1212383b, 389, 502, 556a, 706a,

862, 1021, 1085, 1198

108

transverse scraperstep flakingstepped adzestone:

arrowheadaxe or adzebarchamber tombcirclecist, nonmegalithiccleaverconstructioncopy: see below stone copycross'crown'cut axe (adze)daggerdrillfigurinehalberdhaniwahathoehorseimplementknifeneck-restobjectspavingpick-daggerplaque

spoked mace-headspoon, potterysporadic appearancespoutspouted vesselsquare:

beakercup

square-plan kofunstab-and-drag, kind ofSt. Acheulstamp, claystamping, embossed or reliefstand (of a vessel)standard sitesteamer, potterysteaming vesselstemless arrowheadstemmed:

bowlknife-scraperpointscraper

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ENGLISH INDEX 1°9

6162, 63, 1056

64303

101786, 1013

1063

- niche (burial) chambersuccession, chronologicalsuccessive formSue potterysun dialsupport:

coflrrn 475vessel 159, 950

surface (of vessel) 260surface find 358surface dwelling 297surface soil 353swallowtail harpoon 176, 1121swollen border (mirror) 466sword, bone 606sword-blade, wooden 307, 308, 685, 689symmetrical passage grave 261, 801, 986

101611881189762

1190716

9

762451, 1189

195,942, 11911099816

398,411

striking platform: (gen.)horizontal

string, twistedstring impression: (gen.)

coiledrolledon tile

string ornament, nettedstring-wrapped dowel or stick:

imprintsrolling

stylestyle, orientalizedsubdivisionsubsoil, undisturbedsubterranean:

burialniche

Ttable dolmen 108 - clay figurine 127, 420tablet: haniwa 128

clay 124,213 see also zoomorphicstone 232, 994, 1043 thick-butted:

tang: adze 93, 388of a spearhead 400 axe 223of a sword, etc. 712 thickening 313

tanged: thick-walled pottery 16,17bone spearhead 605 thin-walled pottery 752, 825, 1160, 1161bronze (thrusting) weapon 138 tholos 174,333, 1113pike: see spearhead three-faced arrowhead 837, 840, 1192point 1204, 1212 three period theory 834, 835spearhead 1177 three-winged arrowhead 843stone dagger 1199 thrusting weapon:

tangented circular knolls 987 bronze 126, 138see also gourd-shaped kofun, bronze socketed 813, 908

twin kofun channelled 298tap-foot(ed vessel) 1082 see also (bronze-, iron-) pike,'Tengu's': spearhead, etc.

battle-axe 1084 thumb end scraper 39nose-shaped bottom 1082 'thunderbolt' 760nose-shaped handle 1083 tile, mesh impressed 737rice spoon 1085 TLV-mirror 334, 1071

terminus a quo 372 toggle-head harpoon 176, 694aterminus post quem 370 tomb:ternate spike motif 680 imperial 794terraced kofun 330 megalithic 644terrace excavation 434 rock-cut 1182terra cotta 1089 stone chamber 878textile fabric 750 vaulted 174,333, 1113texture impressions 736 tomb guard 864,865T -figure ornament 937 tongue-shaped tang 712theriomorphic: tooth, arrowhead made of 241

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110 JAPANESE ARCHlEOLOGICAL TERMS

tooth bead 238, 523 trichromic 841tooth mutilation 938 trimming 83, 815, 821

(by extraction) 30 triple-ray motif 680,937(by filing) 115, 830 triradiate stone object 838

top soil 353 trough-type coffin:tortoise core 532 stone 1168torus border (mirror) 466 wood 1169touch up 821 trumpet-shaped haniwa 12toy pot 1040, 1042 truncated wing, kofun with 352transgression and regression, marine 447 Tsunamon (-style) pottery 1139transition, typological 511 tubular bead 351, 614transitional form 1017 tumulus 212transverse arrowhead 77 see also burial mound, kofuntransverse scraper, stemmed 1021 tumulus burial 211,212trapeziform: see also burial mound, kofun

artifact 376, 1073 tusk, as raw material for:rouletting 817 adze 225

treating 460 arrowhead 241treatment, final 936 bracelet 239trefoil motif 680 figurine 226trench 268,824, 1111 pendants 939trench-type burial: twin kofun 222, 984, 987

chamber 1059, 1060, 1185 see also gourd-shaped kofun,pit 860 tangented tombs

trepanation: twin line ornamentation 204, 291operation 916 twisted string 1188skull with 917 two-edged (sword) 796

trial excavation 949 type: (gen.) 195, 942, 1036trial trench 814 object 359b, 698triangles, hatched 649,935 pottery 359a, 698triangle-headed clay figurine 1175 site or station 360,699triangular: typological:

stone arrowhead 833 change or transition 511vessel 501 unit 507, 508

unfinished objectunifacial (shaping, retouch)unspecific design

varietyvarve analysis or chronologyvase, stonevaulted tombvaulting handleventilation duct

U679493

1003, 1050

V29

723391174

1467

usageU-shaped vesselutensil-type haniwa

'Venus' figurinevertical blowvertical flutingvessel supportviolin-shaped axe (adze)volcanic ash deposit (loam)

668997, 1165

539

117210151064159

214, 951788

waist ornamentwall (of a vessel)wall painting

W786 Warabite-type sword526 warts, clay

302, 1001 wave-like ornament

11671120263

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ENGLISH INDEX III

6841168

11101106

wooden coffin: (gen.)trough type

wooden:hammer technique 541hoe 655implement 686object 686sarcophagus 1137sword 307, 308, 685, 689

wood-fibre effect rouletting 687work-tray, bone 601wrench pattern 109wrist-guard:

haniwamade of leather

2941164

41

1158

156479, 483, 881

1045458

321320812

1216377, 882b, 998

wave linewaves, flaking-weight (e.g. on the fishing-line)weight:

clay-madestone

whetstone (for gems)whirl designwide blade:

of pick-daggerof pike- or spearhead

willow-leaf pointwing of a kofunwoman's knife

see also reaperwooden beads

X-figure design

X168,621

Yangshao potteryYayoi potteryY-shaped: stone object

y829

94, 1179838

- vesselY iibetsu technique

997, 1165957

zzigzag:

continuouspatternrouletting

zonal:decorationdesignherring-bone patternJomon (applied bands)

777204

1174

69210341200415

zoned:cord impressionpattern: see zonal design

zoomorphic:clay figurinehandle or lughaniwasee also: theriomorphic

1033

127,420131128