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ASHRAE HANDBOOK & PRODUCT DIRECTORY 1978 APPLICATIONS An Instrument of Service Preparedfor the Profession containing , A TECHNICAL DATA SECTION OF REFERENCE MATERIAL PERTAINING TO SYSTEMS FOR HEATING. REFRIGERATING, VENTILATING. ANO AIR-CONDITIONING. ANO BASEO ON-ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS-THE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE ASHRAE RESEARCH PROGRAMS ANO COOPERATING INSTITUTIONS-ANO THE PRACTICE OF THE MEMBERS ANO FRIENOS OF THE SOCIETY: COMPLETE IN- DEX TO TECHNICAL SECTIONS OF ALL CURRENT V OLUMES: A PRODUCT DIRECTORY SECTION CONTAINING MANUFACTURERS' ADDRESSES, PRODUCT SOURCES, ANO MANUFACTURERS' CATALOG DATA CONTAINING ESSENTIAL INFORMATION CONCERNING MOOERN EQUIPMENT. ~~() PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGINEERS, INc. 345 EAST 47TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 t ..

Ashrae Fundamentals

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Page 1: Ashrae Fundamentals

ASHRAE HANDBOOK&

PRODUCT DIRECTORY

1978 APPLICATIONS

An Instrument of ServicePreparedfor the Profession

containing ,A TECHNICAL DATA SECTION OF REFERENCE MATERIAL PERTAINING TO

SYSTEMS FOR HEATING. REFRIGERATING, VENTILATING. ANO AIR-CONDITIONING.

ANO BASEO ON-ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS-THE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE

ASHRAE RESEARCH PROGRAMS ANO COOPERATING INSTITUTIONS-ANO THE

PRACTICE OF THE MEMBERS ANO FRIENOS OF THE SOCIETY: COMPLETE IN-

DEX TO TECHNICAL SECTIONS OF ALL CURRENT V OLUMES: A PRODUCT

DIRECTORY SECTION CONTAINING MANUFACTURERS'

ADDRESSES, PRODUCT SOURCES, ANO MANUFACTURERS'

CATALOG DATA CONTAINING ESSENTIAL INFORMATION CONCERNING

MOOERN EQUIPMENT.

~~()PUBLISHED BY THE

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING

AND

AIR-CONDITIONING ENGINEERS, INc.

345 EAST 47TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017

t ..

Page 2: Ashrae Fundamentals

CONTENTS-1978 APPLICATIONS VOLUME

TITLEPAGE

PREFACE

INDEX TO TECHNICAL DATA

Composite index for 1978App/ications, 1977 Fundamenta/s, 1976 Systems, and1975Equipment vo1umes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ix

SECTION I. AIR-CONDITIONING AND HEATING APPLICATIONS-COMFORT

Chapler 1. Residences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2. Storesand ShoppingCenters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3. CommercialandPublicBuildings..................................................4. Placesof Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5. DomiciliaryFacilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6. EducationalFacilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7. Health Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8. SurfaceTransportation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9. Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Ships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11. SpacecraftLifeSupport Systems ..................................................12. EnvironmentalControl for Survival. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION H. AIR-CONDITIONING AND HEATING APPLICATIONS-SPECIAL AND PROCESS

Chapler 13. Industrial Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14. EnclosedVehicularFacilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15. Laboratories..................................................................16. EngineTest FaCilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17. CleanSpaces .................................................................18. ComputerAreas...............................................................19. Printing Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20. TextileProcessing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21. PhotographicMaterials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22. EnvironmentalControl for Animalsand Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .23. Dryingand StoringFarm Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24. Air Conditioningof Wood Products Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION HI. FOOD REFRIGERATION

1.1-1.62.1-2.83.1-3.164.1-4.85.1-5.86.1-6.67.1-7.108.1-8.149.1-9.8

IO.I-IO.~11.1-11.1412.1-12.24

13.1-13.1214.1-14.1615.1-15.1416.1-16.617.1-17.818.1-18.819.1-19.620.1-20.821.1-21.822.1-22.2023.1-23.1424.1-24.4

General

Chapler 25. Commercial Freezing Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25.1-25.826. Microbiology of Foods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26.1-26.1227. Methods of Precooling Fruits and Vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27.1-27.12

Processing and Storage of Chilled and Frozen Food

Chapler 28. Meat Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29. Poultry Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30. FisheryProducts ..............................................................31. DairyProducts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32. Deciduous Tree and Vine Fruits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33. CitrusFruits, Bananas, and SubtropicalFruits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34. Vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35. Fruit Juice Concentrates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36. Precookedand Prepared Foods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37. BakeryProducts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38. Candies,Nuts, DriedFruits, and Vegetables.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39. BeverageProcesses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40. Eggsand EggProducts. . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

vii

28.1-28.2429.1-29.1030.1-30.1231.1-31.2832.1-32.1233.1-33.1034.1-34.1835.1-35.836.1-36.637.1-37.638.1-38.1039.1-39.1640.1-40.6

Page 3: Ashrae Fundamentals

Refrigerated Warehouse Practice

Chapter 41. Refrigerated Warehouse Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 41.1-41.1442. Commodity Storage Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42.1-42.1443. Supplements to Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43.1-43.6

SECTION IV. DISTRIBUTION OF CHILLED AND FROZEN FOODChapter 44. Trucks, Trailers,and Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45. Railroad RefrigeratorCars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46. MarineRefrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47. AirTransport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48. RetailFood Store Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44.1-44.1445.1-45.1246.1-46.2047.1-47.648.1-48.8

"SECTION V. LOW TEMPERATURE APPLICA TIONS

,i

Chapter 49. 'EnvironmentalTest Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50. Cryogenics . . . . . . .51. SpaceSimulatorsand Cryopumping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52. LowTemperatureMetaUurgy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53. BiomedicalApplications.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49.1-49.1250.1-50.3251.1-51.652.1-52.853.1-53.8

SECTION VI. INDUSTRIAL APPLICA TIONS OF REFRIGERATION

Chapter 54. IceManufacture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . .. 54.1-54.1055. IceRinks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'. . . . . . . . .. 55.1-55.856. ConcreteDams, SubsurfaceSoils, and Foundations 56.1-56.857. Refrigeration in the Chemicallndustry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 57.1-57.16

SECTION VII. GENERALChapter 58. SolarEnergyUtilizationfor Heatingand Cooling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 58.1-58.26

59. Computer Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 59.1-59.1460. Codesand Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 60.1-60.861. Unitsand ConversionFactors .. 61.1-61.10

PRODUCT DIRECTORY SECTION

See page 1 of sheets which follow Technical Data Section page 61.10.

viii