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ASHRAE 90.1 2010
October 18, 2013
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Energy Consumption
Buildings consume 40% of the primary energy and 71% of the electrical
energy in the US. Driven by economic expansion and population growth
that require more and more facility space each year, energy use in the US
commercial sector is expected to grow by 1.6% per year.
HVAC
Office
Equipme
nt All Other
Lighting
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ASRHAE 90.1-2010 Standard
In the ASRHAE 90.1-2010 Standard, there are mandatory requirements:
- area controls
- automatic lighting shutoff
- bi-level lighting
- daylight harvesting
- exterior lighting control
- parking garage lighting control
- stairwell lighting control
- Designer must ensure that all lighting controls are functionally tested.
Lighting controls are a critical component for saving energy in buildings; they are
now a ‘must have’ in buildings instead of a ‘nice to have.’ These controls can
eliminate 60% or more of the wasted lighting energy in buildings while enhancing
occupant comfort and productivity.
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ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2010 DOE Ruling
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) issued a ruling that requires all states to certify that they have updated these provisions. All of their commercial building codes regarding energy efficiency needs to meet or exceed ASHRAE 90.1-2010 by Oct. 18, 2013. It can be expected that these lighting control requirements will be in place for most states for all new construction and major renovations of commercial buildings.
• Commercial buildings designed to ASHRAE/IES
90.1-2010 are expected to achieve, compared to
buildings compliant with ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2004,
excluding plug loads
– 32.6% site energy savings and 30.1% energy
cost savings
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Triggering code compliance
New Construction X X X X
X connected lighting load
Alterations > 50% of
connected lighting load X X X (2009)
Alterations > 10% of
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010 2004/2007 2012 2006/2009
Section Section 9.1.2 Section Section
9.1.2 C101.4.3 505.1
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Important ASHRAE 90.1 2010 prescriptive controls for general
lighting in Office spaces.
• All spaces must have a device to control the lighting in the space
– Manual –on switch
– Automatic switch –on to 50% or less of the maximum power
• All spaces must have controls to reduce the light level.
– Controls should allow a reduction in power of 30-70% with respect to
the maximum load.
– Exception for spaces that are temporarily used (classroom,
conference, restrooms) and Office spaces up to 250 sq ft. These must
have an occupancy sensor (max 30 min. time delay)
• Daylit zones must have Automatic multi-level daylighting controls
– Required for all sidelit areas >250sq ft and toplit areas >900 sq ft
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ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2010 requirements:
Occupancy sensors(or timer switches, per approval by the authority having
jurisdiction) that turn the lights OFF within 30 minutes of the space becoming
unoccupied are required in:
• classrooms and lecture halls.
• conference, meeting and training rooms;
• employee lunch and break rooms;
• storage and supply rooms between 50 and 1,000 sq.ft. in size;
• rooms used for document copying and printing;
• office spaces up to 250 sq.ft.
• restrooms, dressing, locker and fitting rooms.
• guestroom bathrooms in hotels, motels, boarding houses and similar buildings
must turn OFF the lighting (with the exception of night lighting not exceeding 5W)
within 60 minutes of the occupant leaving the space
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ASHRAE 2010 vs Previous Requirements
Outdoor
2010
1st - ALL outdoor lighting must be
controlled by a photosensor.
2nd - building façade or landscape
lighting must also be controlled by
an astronomical time switch that
turns the lights OFF between
midnight or business closing
(whichever comes first) and 6AM
or business opening (whichever
comes first) (or at times
designated by the authority having
jurisdiction).
Previous
Outdoor lighting to be controlled
by a photosensor (daylight) or
astronomical time switch
(scheduling) for dusk-to-dawn
lighting and either a time switch or
combination photosensor/time
switch. It also required that
building grounds lighting fixtures
>100W either use lamps with an
efficacy of 60+ lumens/W or be
controlled by a motion sensor, with
a long list of exceptions
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ASHRAE 2010 vs Previous Requirements
Retrofit
2010
If a lamp/ballast replacement
represents 10% or more of the
connected lighting load in an
indoor space or outdoor area, the
owner must comply with the
standard’s lighting power density
limits expressed in watts per
square foot and also its automatic
shutoff requirements
Previous
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ASHRAE 2010 vs Previous Requirements
Multilevel Lighting
2010
ASHRAE 2010 embraces it
broadly for indoor and outdoor
automatic shutoff and space
controls, with special requirements
for specific applications.
(Reduce lighting power by either
continuous dimming, stepped
dimming, or stepped switching
while maintaining a reasonably
uniform level of illuminance
throughout the controlled space.)
Previous
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ASHRAE 2010 vs Previous Requirements
Manual On or Auto-On 50%
2010
Automatic shutoff controls must be
manual-ON or automatically turn
the lighting ON to not more than
50% power.
Exceptions:
• public corridors and stairwells
• Restrooms
• primary building entrance areas
and lobbies
• areas where manual-ON would
endanger safety or security.
Previous
Previous versions of the standard
allowed automatic control devices
to activate the lighting system as
well as turn it OFF.
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Stairwell Lighting
CLTC Research Demonstration Results
Occupancy Rates:
Energy Savings:
http://cltc.ucdavis.edu/
1% - 29%
20% - 60%
9.4.1.4 9.4.1.6
50% lighting power reduction within 30
minutes of vacancy X
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010 2004/2007 2012 2006/2009
Section Section
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System Commissioning
Perform functional testing X X
X X placement for occupancy sensors
Confirm programmable devices are
programmed to turn the lights off X X
X X placement for photosensors
Submit documentation certifying
performance X X
Confirm acceptable performance and
Confirm acceptable performance and
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010 2004/ 2012 2006/
Section 2007 Section 2009
9.4.4 C408.3
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ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2010 requirements:
Power Adjustment Credits.
• When a lighting control system is installed that is more advanced than the
controls required in the standard, an incentive in the form of additional lighting
power is allowed creating additional energy savings.
• Qualifying technologies range from manual dimming control to automatic
continuous daylight harvesting dimming, with power adjustment factors, which
are applied to the controlled lighting load, of 5-30%.
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ASHRAE 90.1-2010 Lighting Power Allowances
CONTROL SPACE FACTOR
Multi-Level Occ. Sensor Open and private office, classroom,
conference room, or retail sales area
0.05
Manual, continuous dimming control or
programmable multi-level dimming control
Open and private office, classroom,
conference room, or retail sales area
0.05 to 0.10 depending on space type
Programmable multilevel dimming control
using programmable time scheduling
Open and private office, classroom,
conference room, retail sales area, lobby,
atrium, dining area, corridors/stairways,
gym/pool, mall concourse, or parking garage
0.05 to 0.10 depending on space type
Automatic continuous daylight dimming or
multilevel daylight switching
Open and private office, classroom,
conference room, retail sales area,
lobby, atrium, dining area,
corridors/stairways, gym/
pool, mall concourse, or parking garage
0.10 to 0.20 depending on dimming or
switching, effective aperture, and
space type
Workstation luminaire with occupancy
sensors controlling dimmable downlight2
Open office 0.25
Workstation luminaire with occupancy
sensors controlling dimmable downlight and
personal dimming control3
Open office 0.30
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Controls required per code/standard
26
Features HPB
Net Zero
Std.
189
NYC Green
Code
Title
24
90.1-
2010
90.1-
2007
90.1-
2004
2001-
1999
Auto-shutoff
Occupancy
Vacancy
Bi-Level & Bi-Level Vacancy
Individual Space Control
Daylight Dim
Demand Response
Energy Metering
3rd party functional testing
Energy Monitoring
Receptacle 50% auto off
Alternative Energy Management
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Controls required per code/standard
27
Features HPB
Net Zero
Std.
189
NYC Green
Code
Title
24
90.1-
2010
90.1-
2007
90.1-
2004
2001-
1999
Prescribed auto-off
compliance routes:
Holiday feature for auto-off
Manual override >/=2 hrs
Functional override, e.g., A/V
Compliance triggered by:
Change 50% of fixtures
Change 10% of connected
load
LEED v3 requires 90.1-2010
Std. 189 requires 2007
EPAct requires 2004
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Resources
• ASHRAE
– www.ashrae.org
• NEMA
– www.nema.org
• EPA Energy Star Program
– www.energycodes.gov
• Department of Energy Building Codes
– www.energycodes.gov
• IESNA
– www.iesna.org
• DSIRE – Database of State Incentives
– www.dsireusa.org
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