ASEAN Cooperation for the Development of Earth ...unisec.jp/nanosat_symposium/4th/pdf/Day3_4_S-5_02_Pirada...Solar Array Valves Additional Instruments Antennae Structure Thermal &

UN/Japan Nano-Satellite Symposium

10-13 October 2012 Nagoya, Japan

Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency

ASEAN Cooperation for the Development

of Earth Observation Satellite

1


Needs and area of cooperation

•Disaster management

•Environmental monitoring

•Land use study

Advantages

- Shared cost

- Shared values

- Multiple customers

- Capacity building

- Exchange between the different partners

- Build friendship


10-13 October 2012 Nagoya, Japan 2


Looking mainly from the aspect of natural

disasters and environment monitoring,

ASEAN region suffers from large number of

incidents such as:

- Earthquakes

- Volcanic

- Typhoon

- Tsunami

- Flooding

- Forest Fire

Also man-made disasters such as oil spills Since 2004 many efforts have been made to collect

data from ground, air and space observations




Space based data plays a large role

• Data is supplied from major space agencies

• Data is produced by existing LEO Earth observations satellites

• Optical and Radar Data available

• Thailand and Singapore contribute data from their EO

satellites (THEOS-1 and X-Sat) – more ASEAN EO satellites due by

2020

BUT

• Data is not always optimised for disaster monitoring purposes

• Satellites are not always in position over ASEAN

• There is a delay in receiving processed data

• Re-processing of raw data means handling many different

datasets






Disaster Monitoring programs in the Asia-Pacific region

•Sentinel Asia (lead by JAXA)

•Platform for sharing Satellite data

•ASIAES (ASEAN+3 Satellite Image Archive for Environmental Study)

•Natural Disaster Incident Management

•Satellite Imagery Archive Management

•Search Disaster Information

•3D Visualization

•ASMC (ASEAN Specialised Meteorological Centre) as part of the World

Meteorological Organisation

•Weather, climate and seasonal prediction

5




Disaster Monitoring programs around the globe

•The Disaster Management Constellation exist since 2003

•Monitoring project led by SSTL

•GEO: Group on Earth Observation

•Framework for international collaboration

•Coordinated earth observation for Disaster Monitoring

•CEOS: Committee on Earth Observation Satellites

•Coordinate civil space borne earth observation

6




Satellite-based Disaster Management solutions

• Sensor

•Use of optical or radar sensor

• Collected images are then processed before the data is interpreted

• Interpreted data is then used in Disaster management

•Communication

• Provide means of communication when ground based system is

unavailable

• Communication is a necessity for the first rescuers on site

7


ASEAN satellite program organisation structure

• Needs ESA-type structure otherwise 5 large competing members + 5

neglected members

• Single LEO satellite – too small for ASEAN co-operation ?

• Need to look at complete multi-year solution ?

1 / 1 / 2 0 1 4 1 2 / 2 4 / 2 0 2 6

1 / 1 / 2 0 1 5 1 / 1 / 2 0 1 6 1 / 1 / 2 0 1 7 1 / 1 / 2 0 1 8 1 / 1 / 2 0 1 9 1 / 1 / 2 0 2 0 1 / 1 / 2 0 2 1 1 / 1 / 2 0 2 2 1 / 1 / 2 0 2 3 1 / 1 / 2 0 2 4 1 / 1 / 2 0 2 5 1 / 1 / 2 0 2 6

1 2 / 2 4 / 2 0 2 0

L a u n c h

1 2 / 2 4 / 2 0 2 1

L a u n c h

1 2 / 2 4 / 2 0 2 1

L a u n c h

L E O P r e - c u r s o r

L E O C o n t e l l a t i o n

G E O

O p e r a t i o n s 4 - 6 y e a r s

O p e r a t i o n s 4 - 6 y e a r s

O p e r a t i o n s 7 - 1 0 y e a r s




Structure of Cooperation - I

•Full ASEAN Government ownership

•Commitment allocation on principle of juste-retour

•Commitment is matched back as work-share

•Location of sites base on country’s commitment

•Major allocation of work or development depending on

commitment




Structure of Cooperation - II

•Public Private Partnership

•Shared private funding on the satellite

•Revenue is given back to the government to cover cost and the rest

to the private entity

•An excellent opportunity to promote investment in each country

•Combination of Communication and Scientific/Earth Observation

satellite

•Private partner can recuperate their investment by leasing out the

communication transponders




ASEAN members LEO systems

• Existing and planned LEO systems from 5

largest ASEAN members

• Many planned systems have DMC

capabilities

• Optical and radar satellites planned

• Virtual constellation through co-ordination

• Already distributed ground segment

architecture

Tbc Diamant Indonesia Tbc

Constellation Fuego Indonesia Tbc

Constellation Goal&Go Indonesia Tbc

Science Sunsat-XE Indonesia Tbc

EO Radar VN Radar-2 Vietnam 2020

EO Radar VN Radar-1 Vietnam 2017

tbc THEOS-2 Thailand 2016 ?

EO Optical VNRedsat-2 Vietnam 2016

tbc Razaksat-2 Malaysia 2016

EO Optical VNRedsat-1 Vietnam 2013

DMC Lapan-Orari Indonesia 2012

EO Optical Lapan-A2 Indonesia 2012

EO Optical X-Sat Singapore 2011

EO Optical THEOS-1 Thailand 2008

Type Mission Country Date




No dedicated system in place Other EO systems in place Existing DMC compatibility

Around $10,000 per Kg on

single or dual launch

From around $5000 per Kg on

multiple launch

Launch cost

>$100m due to payload design From $10m to $100m Construction cost

5-10 years including new

payload design

From around 3 years using

existing platform and imager

design

Design to orbit time

Around 15 years nominal Up to 10 years Lifetime

From 2500Kg upwards From 1Kg- 1500Kg Mass

Can contain multiple packages Can contain imager and other

small packages

Payload flexibility

New development of pointing

and imaging package

Variety of vendors of imaging

packages

Payload complexity

Near continuous allowing for

pointing

90-120 minutes Revisit times

Optical around 20m Optical < 1m Resolution

GEO LEO GEO Advantages

- Revisit times

- Lifetime

- Hybrid Disaster

monitoring/Comms

GEO Disadvantages

- Complexity

- Size

- Cost

- Development Time UN/Japan Nano-Satellite Symposium


Is a Geo-stationary satellite feasible for Earth

Observation?

12


Mission organisation

• Need to have distinct responsibilities and steering committee

• Complex organisation to include all members and capabilities

• Members may wish to set own priorities Mission Prime

Power D istribution

Contracts

Legal

Quality

ScheduleBudget

Administration

Space Segment

Prime

Avion ics ImagerTT&C

TankSADM

Solar Array Valves

Additional

Instruments

Antennae

Structure

Thermal

& MLI

Harness

Batteries

Platform Prime Payload Prime

Spacecraft AIV

Operations

Spacecraft

Systems

Propulsion TT&CTest System

Transponders

Antenna

Backup

Operations

OBC

OBSW

Sensors

Actuators

Control

System

Simulations

Test Benches

Databases

Ground TT&C

Tracking

F light

operations

F light

Dynamics

Mission

Planning

Image

Processing

Archive

D istr ibution

5% Brunei Backup

operations

15% Vietnam Operations &

Ground

Processing

segment

20% Thailand +

Myanmar

Platform

Prime

20% Singapore +

Laos

Payload

Prime

20% Malaysia +

Cambodia

Space

Segment

Prime

20% Indonesia +

Philippines

Mission

Prime

% of budget

alloc.

Country (ies) Role




Ballpark Cost Analysis

$224m $59m (per sat) $35m (per sat) $104m $73m Total

$5m - - $5m $5m Backup centre

$9m (9 years) $7m (5 years) $7m (5 years) $5m (5 years) $5m (5 years) Operations costs

$30m $5m $3m $5m $3m Launch costs

$10m $2m $1m $15m $10m Ground Segment

$150m $45m $25m $60m $40m Space Segment

$10m $2m Infrastructure

$20m - - $12m $10m Mission setup

GEO LEO

Constellation

Radar

LEO

Constellation

Optical

LEO Precursor

Radar

LEO Precursor

Optical

Cost item



Financial Structure

• Breakdown of entire project into small work

packages

• Distribute work packages to each contributing

nations based on ability, needs and negotiation

• Work distribution should be in the same ratio as

commitment

• A country may provide the orbital slot as part of

commitment

15





Additional Information




GEO system payload

• Main imager base on GEO-Oculus concept

• Multi spectral optical from UV to IR

• Resolution < 20m

• Ka-band communications package

• Enables new disaster monitoring

applications like telemedicine

• Supplementary “European Data Relay System”

EDRS (ESA) payload

• Access to European EO data




GEO system platform & ground segment

• 8 major manufacturers of GEO platforms

• No GEO manufacturing capability in ASEAN

• China (CAST-GEO for Laos) and Japan

(Melco for Turksat), capabilities within ASEAN+3

• Possibility to perform co-operation program

• Ground segment built in ASEAN

• Existing distributed facilities for processing

• Operational life 10-15 years



Meteorological Applications

• Combination of Infrared, Optical and Radar instruments to be used

for weather monitoring

• The on-board instrument may be financed by the WMO or the

Meteorological department of each country

• Additional accuracy in weather forecasting

• Can also include Lightning mapper

19




Small payloads

20

SAR

•Search and Rescue transponder

•Emergency Communication

SREM

•Space Radiation Environment Monitoring

GNSS Augmentation

•Increase positioning accuracy

•For tracking and traffic

AIS Retransmitter

•Automatic Identification System

•for shipping and coastline monitoring





Possible Launch supplier

Limited number of GTO launch suppliers and high costs – new entrant

(Falcon) may reduce price

n/a 8,000 Soyuz Europe

$10,000-$24,000 11,000 Ariane-5 Europe

n/a 4,000 GSLV-3 India

Up to $11,000 10,000 Long-March China

n/a 8,000 H2 Japan

Up to $16,000 6,160 Zenit (Sea-Launch) USSR/Ukraine

$4,302-$15,000 6,360 Proton USSR

$2,300 19,500 Falcon heavy lift USA

$5,400-$8,000 4,850 Falcon-9 USA

n/a 13,000 Delta-4 USA

$13,000-$20,000 8,700 Atlas-5 USA

Est. launch cost per Kg to GTO Capacity to GTO (tonnes) Launcher Country




Summary

• GEO program is novel and provides unique disaster monitoring capabilities

• Very High Capacity building opportunities.

• Organisation at ASEAN level necessary

• Expensive program but some contribution could be provided by external

entities and international programs

• Higher risk program than LEO development

• Needs political commitment at highest level




Summary II

• Standalone ASEAN LEO satellite does not justify co-operation at ASEAN level

• LEO constellation of optical/radar would be within ASEAN scope but

overlaps with current member plans

• GEO system expensive – within scope of ASEAN rather than member states

• GEO “triple-play” solution – Imager, Comms and data relay

• GEO system could “fill the gap” between Meteo and EO data

• GEO system would provide earlier warning and response for disaster

monitoring and management



Documents

ASEAN Cooperation for the Development of Earth ...unisec.jp/nanosat_symposium/4th/pdf/Day3_4_S-5_02_Pirada...Solar Array Valves Additional Instruments Antennae Structure Thermal &