AS & DD (Libya) v. Secretary of State for the Home Department

8/3/2019 AS & DD (Libya) v. Secretary of State for the Home Department

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I~~cih Ka0 WG!46 ikd 3>!6>>3Ditc aj @sdmeckt0 6= I~voh 6>>=

W^CGOIH OEEOMVITOAK I^^CIHW GAEEOWWOAK

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Tbc Bakasvifhc Ev @swtogc Aswchc "Gbioveik/Wckoav Oeeomvitoak @sdmc @avdik

Ev @ Eotgbchh

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TBC WCGVCTIV_ AJ WTITC JAV TBC BAEC DCÎVTECKT

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TBC WCGVCTIV_ AJ WTITC JAV TBC BAEC DCÎVTECKT

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Jav0 DD Ev C Jotpmcvihd YG( Ev V Bswiok(D Jvocdeik okwtvsgtcd f TV^Wahogotavw

W~cgoih Idzagitcw jav DD Ev I Kogah YG ikd Ew @ Jivfc okwtvsgtcdf tbc W~cgoih Idzagitcw Ws~~avt Ajjogc

Jav0 IW Ev C Jotpmcvihd YG( Ev D Jvocdeik(Ev B Wastbc okwtvsgtcd f Fovkfcvm ^covgcWahogotavw

W~cgoih Idzagitcw jav IW Ev K Mivkbie YG ikd Ew @ Jivfc okwtvsgtcd ftbc W~cgoih Idzagitcw Ws~~avt Ajjogc

Jav0 WWBD Ev O Fsvkctt YG( Ev T Coglc( Ev I AGakkavikd Ew G Kcckik okwtvsgtcd f tbcTvciwsv Wahogotav

Bcivokm ditcw0 7>tb Agtafcv 9>tb Kazcefcv( 9:tb ikd 9=tb Kazcefcv 6>>:+

A^CK @SDMECKT


2/107

Oktvadsgtoak

9+ Tbc I~~chhiktw DD ikd IW ivc Hofik kitoakihw+ Tbcov giwcw ivccktovch wc~ivitc( fst }cvc bcivd tamctbcv fcgiswc aj tbc gaeeakowwscw }bogb ivawc ok vchitoak ta tbc vowlw }bogb tbc }ashd jigc }cvc

tbc ta fc dc~avtcd ta Hofi+

6+ DD }iw favk ok 9?=3 ikd hcjt Hofi ok Kazcefcv 6>>>( ak bowczodckgc( tvizchhokm ta Tskowoi( Tsvlc jav t}a civw( Eihiwoi jav t}aeaktbw ikd tbck ta Gboki ok 6>>7+ Tbc Hofik istbavotocw wi tbit bchcjt ok tbc civh 9??>w( ikd biw kat vctsvkcd wokgc+ Tbc WWBD dacw katiggc~t tbit DD biw mozck i jshh iggaskt aj bow tvizchw wokgc hcizokmHofi+ DD ivvozcd ok tbc SL jvae Gboki ak 6= @iksiv 6>>4 }otb bow~vcmkikt }ojc( i Eavaggik kitoakih+ Bc swcd i W~ikowb ~iww~avt( ta}bogb bc }iw kat cktothcd( ok tbc kiec aj Ifwchie+ Bc ghioecd iwhseak ivvozih+

7+ Tbc WWBD vcjswcd DDw iwhse ghioe ak 2 Eivgb 6>>4+ Bc dod katfchoczc DDw ghioe ta fc i ecefcv aj ik ikto%Yidbijo mvas~ ikdtbasmbt tbit bc }iw ik cgakaeog eomvikt }ba gashd wijch fc vctsvkcdta Hofi+ Ik Id`sdogitav ihha}cd bow i~~cih ak iwhse ikd bseik vombtwmvaskdw ak 63 Ei 6>>3+ Tbc Id`sdogitav jaskd ot gvcdofhc tbit bc bidckmimcd ok ikto%Yidbijo igtozotocw ok Hofi( bid fcck ~cvwcgstcd tbcvcikd }iw it jsvtbcv vowl fcgiswc aj bow igtozotocw ifvaid( ~ivtogshivh oktbc a~cvitoak aj ik ikto%Yidbijo }cfwotc+ Bc bid kat fcck mviktcd OHVf tbc toec aj bow ivvcwt ak 7 Agtafcv 6>>3 }otb i zoc} ta dc~avtitoak(ikd bid vceiokcd tbvasmbast ak tce~aviv ideowwoak+ Bc ka} biw t}aaskm dismbtcvw fatb favk ok tbc SL+

4+ DD biw fcck ok oeeomvitoak dctcktoak wokgc bow ivvcwt( iw i ~cvwakhoifhc ta dc~avtitoak+ Tbc WWBD wcvzcd DD }otb katogc aj oktcktoak tadc~avt ak tbc mvaskdw tbit bow vceazih }ashd fc gakdsgozc ta tbc ~sfhogmaad ok tbc oktcvcwtw aj kitoakih wcgsvot+ Bc }iw ihhcmcd ta fc i wckoavecefcv aj tbc Hofik Owhieog Jombtokm Mvas~( okzahzcd ok ~vazodokmcrtckwozc ws~~avt ta i }odc vikmc aj Owhieowt crtvceowtw haawch ijjohoitcdta Ih Yicdi kct}avlw( }ba bid fcck ckmimcd ok tcvvavowt igtozot jav iwsfwtiktoih ~cvoad aj toec( }chh ~higcd ta iwwowt tbawc }ba }cvc ~hikkokm

tcvvavowt ittiglw ok tbc SL ikd azcvwciw+

3+ DD i~~cihw ak tbc mvaskdw tbit bow vceazih }ashd fvcigb tbc SLwafhomitoakw skdcv tbc Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak ikd Ivtoghcw 6( 7( 3( : ikd 2aj tbc CGBV< tbc dcgowoak }iw kat ok iggavdikgc }otb hi} ikd tbcWWBDw dowgvctoak skdcv tbc Oeeomvitoak Vshcw asmbt ta fc crcvgowcddojjcvckth+ Bc ~st tbc kitoakih wcgsvot giwc ok owwsc+

:+ IW }iw wesmmhcd ast aj Hofi okta Cm~t ok 9??=( iggavdokm ta tbcwtitceckt }bogb bc ws~~hocd jav bow iwhse ghioe+ Bc wiw tbit bc tbck}ckt ta Wisdo Ivifoi sktoh @skc 6>>9( }bck bc hcjt jav Wvoi ok avdcv ta

wccl iwhse ok Csva~c+ Ok Jcfvsiv 6>>6( bc }iw ok Eihti< bc ~iod$4>>> ta fc wesmmhcd okta tbc SL( }bcvc bc }iw ect f bow fvatbcv ak62 av 6? Jcfvsiv 6>>6( ikd }iw tilck f boe ta tbc Baec Ajjogc taghioe iwhse ak 2 I~voh 6>>6+ Bc wiod tbit bc gashd kat ghioe iwhse ok

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3/107

tbawc atbcv gasktvocw fcgiswc tbc }ashd vctsvk boe ta Hofi+ TbcWWBD ~st jav}ivd i dojjcvckt zcvwoak aj waec aj bow tvizchw fcjavc bceidc bow iwhse ghioe ok I~voh 6>>6+ Bc bid w~ckt toec ok Otih fst hcjtOtih jav tbc Kctbcvhikdw ikd tbck jav tbc SL( ivvozokm ak i jihwc Otihoik~iww~avt ok Eivgb 6>>6+ Ak 9: Ei 6>>6 bc }iw ivvcwtcd skdcv

oeeomvitoak ~a}cvw( wokgc bc gashd fc vceazcd ta Otih skdcv tbc DsfhokGakzcktoak+ Bow iwhse ghioe ok tbc SL }iw vcjswcd ak 97 Jcfvsiv6>>7 iw bc bid ~vczoaswh i~~hocd jav iwhse ok Otih( ikd Otih bidimvccd ta bow vctsvk+ Bc ghioecd iwhse ak tbc fiwow tbit bc ikd bowjieoh bid fcck ~cvwcgstcd ikd tavtsvcd f tbc Yidbijo vcmoecfcgiswc aj tbcov tvsc Owhieog zoc}w+ Bow fvatbcv bid fcck mviktcdiwhse ak i~~cih ok 6>>6( vcjhcgtokm i zoc}( tbck gsvvckt fst kat javesgb hakmcv( tbit ifwckgc jav : eaktbw jvae Hofi gvcitcd i vcih vowl ajfcokm wcck iw dowhaih ta Hofi+ Bc ghioecd tbit ikatbcv fvatbcv bidfcck tavtsvcd ta dcitb ok Hofi ikd tbit bc taa bid fcck ohh%tvcitcdtbcvc+

=+ IW }iw ~vawcgstcd ok tbc SL jav t}a ajjckgcw ta }bogb bc ~hcidcdmsoht ok @sh 6>>60 swokm i javmcd Otihoik odcktot givd ikd bikdhokm iwtahck Fvotowb ~iww~avt ok i }aeikw kiec % }bogb bc ghioecd ta bizc~svgbiwcd ok i eawysc jav bow }ojc( }ba ow gsvvckth ok ^ilowtik+ Bcvcgcozcd gakgsvvckt ~vowak wcktckgcw aj 9 ikd 6 eaktbw+ Ijtcv bowwcktckgc }iw gae~hctcd( bc }iw imiok ~higcd ok oeeomvitoak dctcktoak+

2+ Ok Dcgcefcv 6>>6( Otih eidc i javeih crtvidotoak vcyscwt jav boe okvcw~cgt aj wcvoasw tcvvavowt ajjckgcw+ Ihtbasmb ok @iksiv 6>>7( Otihbid katojocd tbc SL tbit ot }ashd iggc~t IW figl skdcv tbc DsfhokGakzcktoak( tbit dod kat bi~~ck iw tbc vceazih }iw tbck ~vagccdokm iwik crtvidotoak giwc+ I bifciw gav~swgbihhckmc ta bow crtvidotoak }iwdoweowwcd f tbc Dozowoakih Gasvt ok Dcgcefcv 6>>4( ikd tbc Baswc ajHavdw vcjswcd ~cveowwoak ta i~~cih ok @skc 6>>3+

?+ Ok 6aa4( tbc Otihoik Gakwtotstoakih Gasvt vshcd tbit Otihoik ~vc%tvoihgswtad toec hoeotw i~~hocd ta tbawc ok gswtad astwodc Otih }bawccrtvidotoak }iw fcokm wasmbt( skhcww tbc bid fcck katojocd f tbc SListbavotocw aj tbc gae~hctoak aj i ~vc%tvoih okzcwtomitoak okta tbce ok Otih+Ok I~voh 6>>7( tbc Otihoik istbavotocw bid vcyscwtcd tbit wsgb i

katojogitoak fc mozck ta IW( svmckth+ Tbvasmb azcvwombt( ka wsgbkatojogitoak }iw tbck mozck ta IW f tbc SL istbavotocw+ Ot }iw akhmozck ok Agtafcv 6>>3( oeecdoitch s~ak katojogitoak f tbc Otihoikistbavotocw ta tbc SL istbavotocw aj tbc Gakwtotstoakih Gasvtw vshokm+

9>+ Otih tbck }otbdvc} otw crtvidotoak vcyscwt ok Agtafcv 6>>3( ikd katojocdtbc SL tbit ot }ashd kat iggc~t IW figl skdcv tbc Dsfhok Gakzcktoak % iwtikgc tbc hcmihot aj }bogb ow kat iggc~tcd f tbc SL( fst }bogbkakctbchcww okbofotw bow vceazih ta Otih+

99+ Ak 94 Dcgcefcv 6>>3( tbc WWBD wcvzcd IW }otb katogc aj oktcktoak ta

dc~avt< IW }iw wiod ta fc hoklcd ta Owhieowt tcvvavowt mvas~w+ Tbc WWBDdod kat ihhcmc tbit IW }iw ik HOJM ecefcv( ihtbasmb tbc Hofikistbavotocw da eilc tbit ihhcmitoak+ Bc }iw ivvcwtcd ikd biw fcck okoeeomvitoak dctcktoak wokgc tbck+ IW i~~cihw ak tbc wiec mckcvih

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mvaskdw iw dacw DD( wizc tbit bc dod kat cr~vcwwh ~st tbc kitoakihwcgsvot giwc ok owwsc+

96+ IW biw fcck tvocd ok Otih ok bow ifwckgc( kat tbit bc }owbcd ta fc~vcwckt( jav gakw~ovig ta gaeeot igtw aj tcvvavowe( javmokm ~sfhog

dagsecktw ikd bikdhokm wtahck maadw+ Bc }iw gakzogtcd ok @iksiv6>>= aj gvoeokih iwwagoitoak jav tbc ~sv~awcw aj ~vadsgokm jihwcdagsecktw fst }iw igysottcd aj tbc tcvvavowt gakw~ovig+ Tbcvc ow kavciwakcd `sdmeckt ct+ Bc }iw wcktckgcd ta 4 civw : eaktbwoe~vowakeckt fst }ashd bizc ka toec ta wcvzc fcgiswc aj tbc ~cvoadw~ckt ok gswtad ak vceikd ok gakkcgtoak }otb tbc crtvidotoak vcyscwtikd i 7 civ vcdsgtoak ok bow wcktckgc iw i vcwsht aj i kc} hi}+ TbcWWBD fchoczcw tbit tbc Wtitc ^vawcgstav }ohh i~~cih tbc dcgowoak ojmvaskdw crowt+

97+ Ok cigb okwtikgc tbc WWBD gcvtojocd skdcv w?= "9/"i/ aj tbc Kitoakihot(

Oeeomvitoak ikd Iwhse Igt 6>>6 tbit bow dcgowoak }iw tilck ok tbcoktcvcwtw aj kitoakih wcgsvot+ Bckgc tbc i~~cih vastc hocw ta tbowGaeeowwoak ikd kat ta tbc IOT+

Tbc HOJM ikd Ih Yicdi

94+ Tbcvc }iw gakwodcvifhc dcfitc ifast }bctbcv tbc HOJM bid ka}fcgaec ghawch hoklcd ta Ih Yicdi+ Tbc WWBD gaktckdcd tbit tbcvc}cvc ka} ghawc hoklw fct}cck tbc HOJM ikd Ih Yicdi+ Oj wa(ecefcvwbo~ aj tbc HOJM gashd tbc eavc vcidoh fc wcck iwdceakwtvitokm hoklw fct}cck ik okdozodsih ikd Ih Yicdi ikd i eavcdovcgt tbvcit ta tbc SLw kitoakih wcgsvot+ Ot ow tbc gaktcktoak aj tbcI~~chhiktw( ihtbasmb dckokm ik ecefcvwbo~ aj tbc HOJM( tbit tbcvc owka hokl fct}cck Ih Yicdi ikd tbc HOJM( ikd tbit eawt aj tbc HOJMecefcvw bizc dovcgtcd tbcov igtoakw it tbc Yidbijo vcmoec+ Waec }cvca~~awcd ta tbc igtozotocw aj Ih Yicdi( ihtbasmb waec HOJM ecefcvwgashd bizc àokcd ot+

93+ Tbc HOJM ow ~vawgvofcd skdcv Wgbcdshc 6 ta tbc Tcvvavowe Igt 6>>> ftbc Tcvvavowe Igt 6>>> "^vawgvofcd Avmikowitoakw/ "Ieckdeckt/ Avdcv6>>3 Ka 62?6( imiokwt }bogb tbcvc biw fcck ka i~~cih+ Tbc I~~chhiktw

~aoktcd ast tbit tbow ~vawgvo~toak akh taal ~higc ak 94 Agtafcv 6>>3ijtcv tbc ivvcwtw aj tbc I~~chhiktw+ "Tbc Skotcd Wtitcw bid ~higcd tbcHOJM ak otw howt aj dcwomkitcd tcvvavowt avmikowitoakw ok 6>>4/+

9:+ Tbc avocktitoak aj tbc HOJM ta}ivdw Ih Yicdi }iw gakwodcvcd jav tbc~sv~awcw aj îvt 4 ITGWI ok tbc i~~cih aj E ok 6>>4+ Tbc WWBDiggc~tcd fcjavc tbit i~~cih fcmik tbit bc gashd kat wba} it tbit toectbit tbc HOJM iw i }bahc }iw ijjohoitcd av hoklcd ta Ih Yicdi+ Bow giwc}iw tbit wsfwtiktoih ~ivtw aj ot }cvc wa hoklcd+ Ot }iw i gakwcysckgc ajtbc Ittavkc Mckcvihw gakgcwwoak ifast ba} tbc Igt wbashd fc i~~hocd(ok tbc hombt aj tbc kitsvc aj tbc cecvmckg skdcvhokm tbc dcvamitoak(

tbit tbc jagsw }iw ak tbc HOJMw hokl ta Ih Yicdi vitbcv tbik ak i eavcmckcvih mhafih av ikto%}cwtcvk òbidowt asthaal( ihtbasmb tbc t}a bizcafzoasw azcvhi~w+ Tbc WWBD tvocd ikd jiohcd ta eilc ast tbc giwc tbitE ~cvwakihh }iw akc aj tbawc vciwakifh fchoczcd ta fc hoklcd ta Ih

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5/107

Yicdi+ Tbc WWBD gakjovecd tbit ok tbc ~vcwckt i~~cihw bc }iw kattvokm ta wi tbit tbit dcgowoak bid fcck }vakm ak tbc eitcvoih iziohifhctbck+ Tbcvc }iw i hivmc ieaskt aj kc} eitcvoih ok a~ck ikd ghawcd+

9=+ Tbc WWBDw czodckgc }iw tbit tbc HOJM ow ik Owhieowt crtvceowt

avmikowitoak }bogb bid wtivtcd ok tbc Ijmbikowtik! ^ilowtik favdcv ivciok 9??>( }otb wtvakm Tihcfik gakkcgtoakw ikd eik ecefcvw }ba(czck tbck( bid womkojogikt gakkcgtoakw ta Ih Yicdi a~cvitozcw+ Otw ioebid fcck ta azcvtbva} tbc Yidbijo vcmoec ikd vc~higc ot }otb ik Owhieogwtitc+ Gahakch Yidbijo( }ba vcmivdw boewchj iw i dczast Eswhoe( }iwkat `swt tvikkogih fst kak%Owhieog ok tbcov ccw+ Tbc HOJM givvocd ast iksefcv aj tcvvavowt ittiglw ok Hofi av ghioecd ta bizc dakc wa(okghsdokm it hciwt akc iwwiwwokitoak ittce~t ak Gahakch Yidbijo+ Tbcvc}iw i tasmb eohotiv ikd wcgsvot vcw~akwc }bogb hcd ta eik ecefcvwfcokm lohhcd( oe~vowakcd av jhccokm ifvaid ok tbc eod 9??>w+ Tbcdow~cvwih hcd ta i fvaidckokm aj otw asthaal( ikd ik cefvigokm aj tbc

~ik%Owhieog( mhafih `obidowt asthaal aj Ih Yicdi+ Wa ihtbasmb ot vctiokcdotw ikto%Yidbijo zoc}w( tbc }cvc wsfwsecd }otbok i dcc~cv }avhd}odcOwhieowt imckdi+ Tbcvc ow atbcv czodckgc tbit waec bid vctsvkcd taIjmbikowtik }bcvc tbc Tihcfik ajjcvcd vcjsmc sktoh tbc }cvc javgcd astok Kazcefcv 6>>9 }bckgc eik }ckt ta Ovik( Csva~c ikd Iwoi+

92+ Ih Widcy ikd Ifs Eskdbov( vcw~cgtozch tbc ceov ikd w~ovotsih hcidcv ajtbc HOJM( }cvc eavc jagswcd ak Hofi fst kat ta tbc crghswoak aj tbc}odcv Owhieowt imckdi+ Ijtcv tbcov dctcktoak( tbc HOJM bid fcgaec eavcghawch ihomkcd ta Ih Yicdi+ Ot bid ihvcid fcck wsfwgvofokm ok hivmc~ivt ta tbc Ih Yicdi asthaal+ Ot }iw ~awwofhc ba}czcv tbit waec aj tbcHOJM ecefcvw }cvc a~~awcd ta Ih Yicdiw igtozotocw( fst kat tbit tbcHOJM }iw hivmch okzahzcd ok ws~~avtokm oeeomviktw ikd ok ecvc ~ahotogiha~~awotoak+

9?+ Tbc WWBDw mckcvog wtitcecktw tbcewchzcw da kat gaktiok zcv esgbokjaveitoak ak tbc Ih Yicdi!HOJM hoklw+ Tbcvc ow waec dctioh ifastokdozodsihw( ikd waec czodckgc jvae }bogb ot gashd fc okjcvvcd tbit HOJMecefcvw bid tilck igtoak ok gasktvocw atbcv tbik Hofi+ Fst tbow~vcws~~awcw tbit tbc okdozodsihw ivc HOJM ecefcvw( }bogb ok DDw giwcow dow~stcd ikd ok IW giwc kat ihhcmcd f tbc WWBD(ikd tbit waec aj

tbc javcomk igtozot gik fc vchocd ak iw ~vaaj aj igtoak imiokwt gasktvocwatbcv tbik Hofi+ Tbcvc ivc i ksefcv aj Hofikw }ba bizc fcckgakzogtcd aj okzahzceckt ok tbc Giwifhikgi faefokmw fst ]otkcww D(tbc Wcgsvot Wcvzogc }otkcww( iggc~tcd w~cgojogihh ok vcw~cgt aj akc ajtbce( ok i dojjcvckt gaktcrt( tbit tbc gakzogtoak gashd kat fc vcmivdcd iwczodckgc ok zoc} aj tbc }i ok }bogb tbc ivvcwt( oktcvvamitoak ikd tvoihbid fcck givvocd ast+ Tbit }ashd i~~h ta ik aj tbc Hofikw gakzogtcdikd wa tbc jigt aj tbcov gakzogtoakw gikkat wba} tbit tbcvc }iw i eavcmhafih asthaal av ik Ih Yicdi gakkcgtoak+ Tbc Wikifch Vchocj Imckg(}bogb ow ghawch gakkcgtcd ta tbc HOJM( ow ak tbc SK 96:= howt iwTihcfik av Ih Yicdi hoklcd( iw ow tbc HOJM otwchj( ikd otw jskdw ivc

gvcdofh wiod ta bizc fcck swcd ta jskd tcvvavowt igtozotocw azcvwciw+Atbcv}owc ok a~ck tbcvc ow hotthc eavc tbik tbc fivc iwwcvtoak tbit IhYicdi ikd tbc HOJM ivc ghawch hoklcd+

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6/107

6>+ Tbc WWBDw zoc}w }cvc kat cwwcktoihh fiwcd ak }bit bc bid fcck tahdf tbc Hofikw( ihtbasmb i weihh ieaskt bid gaec jvae tbc Hofikwcgsvot wcvzogcw+ Ka dctiokcc vc~avtokm jvae Hofi }iw vchocd ak ka}jav ~vimeitog vciwakw+ Tbit }bogb bid avomokihh fcck okghsdcd bidfcck crghsdcd iw i vcwsht aj tbc W~cgoih Idzagitcw gaeecktw ta tbc

WWBD+

69+ ]otkcww D }iw iwlcd f Ev Jvocdeik jav tbc I~~chhiktw( ifast tbczoc}w aj Fckateik( i javecv ecefcv aj tbc Wbsvi Gaskgoh }bogbdovcgtcd tbc HOJM( }ba bid fcck av it hciwt bid wcck boewchj iw iwckoav HOJM jomsvc ok tbc SL jvae 9??3 sktoh bc hcjt tbc HOJM ok 6>>7+Tbcwc zoc}w }cvc wct ast ok ik oktcvzoc} ok 6>>3 bchd ok tbc SL(~sfhowbcd f tbc @iecwta}k Jaskditoak ok otw Tcvvavowe Eakotav 6>>:+]otkcww D imvccd tbit i Gaskgoh aj s~ ta 93 eck vik tbc HOJM ikd tbit}ba }iw hcidcv }iw i eittcv jav dcfitc ajtck ieakm tbcewchzcw+Fckateik dckocd tbit tbcvc }iw ik womkojogikt hokl fct}cck tbc HOJM

ikd Fok Hidck< ot }iw kat we~itbctog ta Ih Yicdi< ka HOJM ecefcvbid czcv fcck oe~hogitcd ok oktcvkitoakih tcvvavowe< tbc jagsw bidih}iw fcck crghswozch ak Hofi0 azcvtbva}okm Gahakch Yidbijo ikdvc~higokm tbc vcmoec }otb ik Owhieog wtitc+ Tbcvc }cvc Hofikw }ba}cvc hoklcd ta Ih Yicdi fst tbc }cvc kat HOJM ecefcvw+ Bc ikdwczcvih atbcv HOJM hcidcvw bid gakdcekcd tbc 99 Wc~tcefcv 6>>9ittiglw jvae tbc a~cvitoakih ikd tigtogih ~aokt aj zoc}< tbcwc ittiglw}cvc tbc Igbohhcw bcch aj tbc }bahc òbidowt tckdckg+ Tbc HOJM bidfcck gakwodcvifh dcmvidcd f 9??2( ikd bid wta~~cd fcokm i gvcdofhcjombtokm javgc f tbck+

66+ ]otkcww D dod kat iggc~t tbit tbow }iw cktovch bakcwt0 tbcvc }cvc wtvakmgakkcgtoakw maokm figl ta Ijmbikowtik fct}cck tbc HOJM ikd tbcTihcfik( ikd fct}cck tbc Tihcfik ikd Fok Hidck+ Tbcvc }cvcgakkcgtoakw fct}cck womkojogikt ~avtoakw aj tbc HOJM ikd Ih Yicdi okIjmbikowtik ikd chwc}bcvc( ihtbasmb ok 9??6 tbc HOJM iw i mvas~}ashd bizc fcck jagswcd ak Hofi+ Fckateikw gvotogowe aj ?!99 }iwkat ak eavih mvaskdw ikd bc }iw w~cilokm ta i ~sfhog ~i~cv+ Hcidcvwzoc}w ifast mhafih òbid ikd okzahzceckt ok tcvvavowe astwodc Hofi bidzivocd< Fckateik( Widcy ikd Eskdbov bid fcck eavc jagswcd akHofi+ Tbc WWBDw vcwcivgb wba}cd ka ws~~avt jav tbc zoc} tbit Widcy

bid czcv fcck ihha}cd okta tbc SL+ Ihtbasmb waec HOJM ecefcvw}ashd fc a~~awcd ta Ih Yicdi( DD }iw kat akc aj tbce+

67+ Ev Jvocdeik ihwa iwlcd ifast ]otkcww Dw zoc}w aj ik ivtoghc ok tbcTcvvavowe Eakotav aj 6>>3 f Ihowak îvmctcv+ Tbow ivtoghc wiod tbit tbcHOJM bid fcck eavc av hcww choeokitcd ok Hofi f tbc ckd aj tbc 9??>w+Iggavdokm ta jomsvcw vchciwcd ok tbc wseecv aj 6>>3 f tbc Yidbijo

Jaskditoak( tbc vcmoec }iw bahdokm 926 ecefcvw aj tbc HOJM ok ~vowak+Waec 93> ecefcvw bid fcck bchd okgaeeskogida jav eik civw+Tbow jomsvc ei okghsdc òbidowtw eavc mckcvihh+ Tbc }cvc czcktsihhwcktckgcd ok i eiww tvoih ok 6>>6+ T}a }cvc wcktckgcd ta dcitb( atbcvw

ta hojc oe~vowakeckt+ Tbc wcktckgcw }cvc s~bchd ok Dcgcefcv 6>>4ikd ivc fcokm wcvzcd ok Ifs Wihoe ~vowak+ Waec Hofikw bid fcckckmimcd ok tbc Oviy okwsvmckg( ivvcwtcd( ikd vctsvkcd ta Hofi+ Tbcivvcwt aj Widcy ikd Eskdbov ikd tbcov vceazih ta Hofi bid fcck i

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mvcit fha} ta tbawc ok crohc+ Tbcvc }cvc akh dapckw ok tbc SL( ikd tbcbid bid akh hoeotcd wsggcww( bid ifikdakcd tbc ivecd wtvsmmhc( ikd}cvc jagswokm tbcov cjjavtw ak ~vadsgokm ikto%vcmoec ~va~imikdi ikd~vazodokm eakc ikd jilc dagsecktw ta bch~ atbcvw wctthc ok Csva~c+Waec aj tbow okjaveitoak ifast ba} okwomkojogikt tbc HOJM ka} }iw

giec jvae tbc }ozcw aj t}a aj tbawc ivvcwtcd ok Agtafcv 6>>3+ Tbckiecw aj tbawc ivvcwtcd bid fcck ieakm tbawc ak i howt ws~~hocd f tbcHofik istbavotocw( jav }bae tbc ~vawgvofokm aj tbc HOJM ikd tbc ivvcwtwok tbc SL }otb i zoc} ta dc~avtitoak( bid fcck i eiàv wsggcww ok tbcovjombt imiokwt Owhieog crtvceowtw+ Tbc Hofikw bid fcck lcck ta ~vaghioetbit tbc HOJM }iw gakkcgtcd ta Ih Yicdi+ ]bck jozc ecefcvw }cvcivvcwtcd f tbc Skotcd Lokmdae istbavotocw ok Agtafcv 6>>3( iggavdokmta Ew îvmctcv( tbow haalcd &eavc holc i wefahog dcjcit jav tbcvcekiktw aj i jidokm avmikopitoak+

64+ ]otkcww D imvccd tbit f tbc ckd aj tbc 9??>w( tbc HOJM }iw

womkojogikth doeokowbcd ok otw gi~ifohotocw }otbok Hofi+ Tbc HOJM ok tbcSL }iw ~vafifh bch~okm }otb oeeomvitoak( wctthceckt aj ecefcvw okCsva~c ikd ~va~imikdi fst tbit }iw kat tbc }bahc tvstb+ Bc bid katgaec igvaww ik okwtikgc aj jihwc dagsecktitoak av oeeomvitoak ~i~cvwfcokm ~vazodcd jav avdokiv oeeomvitoak< bc bid wcck dagsecktw~vazodcd jav tcvvavowt ~sv~awcw+ Akc eombt cr~cgt tbit tbc Hofikw}ashd ~vazodc i howt aj ~ca~hc }bae tbc wiod }cvc Owhieowt crtvceowtw+Bc dod kat iggc~t tbit tbc Hofik istbavotocw }cvc ~ivtogshivh lcck ta~vaeatc tbc hoklw fct}cck tbc t}a avmikowitoakw ikd ihtbasmb tbcHofikw eombt tilc tbc zoc} tbit tbc HOJM }iw Ih Yicdi hoklcd( tbit}iw ok jigt }bit tbc ~awotoak }iw ok tbc WWBDw zoc} ik}i+

63+ Tbcvc }iw waec dcfitc ifast tbc ~sv~awc ikd vchczikgc aj ik ivtoghcf Eawbc Tcvdeik ~ivt aj }bogb dciht }otb tbc odcahamogih vaatw aj tbcHOJM+ Ot }iw kat tbc WWBDw ~sv~awc ta dcdsgc jvae ot tbit tbc HOJMbid i ~ivtogshiv odcaham }bogb wba}cd tbit tbc HOJM av DD }cvc IhYicdi hoklcd( av wbivcd i mhafih òbidowt asthaal+ Vitbcv( tbc WWBDswcd ot jav }bit ot wiod ifast tbc wtvsgtsvc aj tbc HOJM+ ]otkcww D wiodtbit bow giwc }iw vitbcv fiwcd ak }bit tbc HOJM dod( ihtbasmb odcaham}iw kat omkavcd cktovch+ Bc bid waec lka}hcdmc aj tbc odcahamogihdojjcvckgcw fct}cck tbc zivoasw wtvikdw aj crtvceowt Owhie( fst bc dod

kat ghioe ta fc ik cr~cvt ak tbce+

6:+ Ok vcigbokm asv gakghswoakw ak tbow ta~og( }c bizc ihwa tilck iggaskt ajtbc ghawcd czodckgc+ Ok mckcvih( ot ow asv zoc} tbit tbcvc ivc ghawc hoklwfct}cck Ih Yicdi ikd eik wckoav HOJM ecefcvw< tbc ghawcwt hoklw}cvc javmcd ikd crowt astwodc tbc SL+ Tbawc }ba bahd mhafih òbidowtzoc}w mckcvihh bizc tbc hoklw ta Ih Yicdi ikd wtohh wccl ta a~~awc tbcYidbijo vcmoec f ecikw }bogb okghsdc zoahckgc+ Tbc ga%a~cvitc }otbikd ws~~avt atbcv mvas~w ok i fvaidcv ikto%}cwtcvk imckdi ikd okigtoakw dovcgtcd imiokwt }bit tbc ihh wcc iw kak%Owhieog wtitcw katifhok tbc Eoddhc Ciwt ikd Kavtb Ijvogi+ Tbcvc biw fcck i ghciv wbojt ok

ce~biwow ok vcgckt civw( giswcd ok ~ivt f gbikmcw ok hcidcvwbo~javgcd f ivvcwtw+ Tbawc }otb Ih Yicdi zoc}w ivc ok tbc iwgckdikgikd waec aj tbawc aj atbcv zoc}w bizc hcjt tbc HOJM av bizc fcgaeceivmokihowcd+ Tbc dojjogshtocw aj a~cvitokm }otbok Hofi( ikd tbc gaktigtw

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ieakm tbc Owhieowtw aj eik kitoakihotocw dow~cvwcd tbvasmbast tbc }cwtikd chwc}bcvc( bizc ckgasvimcd i eavc mhafih asthaal+ Tbawc aj tbitasthaal vc~vcwckt i ghciv dikmcv ta tbc kitoakih wcgsvot aj tbc SL+

6=+ Tbc Hofikw bizc i ghciv oktcvcwt ok dcjcitokm tbc HOJM fcgiswc aj otw

a~~awotoak( ikd zoahckt a~~awotoak( ta tbc Yidbijo vcmoec( ikd fcgiswcaj }bit tbc HOJM }ashd vc~higc ot }otb oj ot gashd+ Fst tbc WcgsvotWcvzogc iwwcwweckt ow kat cwwcktoihh dcvozcd jvae tbc Hofikistbavotocw zoc}w+ Tbc I~~chhiktw wsmmcwtoak( tbit i eoweitgb fct}ccktbc ieaskt aj eitcvoih }bogb eombt bizc fcck vcgcozcd jvae Hofi ikdtbit swcd f tbc WWBD wba}cd tbit eitcvoih jvae Hofi bid fccktvcitcd iw skvchoifhc av tioktcd( ow aj ka womkojogikgc+

62+ Tbc WWBD ihwa vchocd ak ecefcvwbo~ aj tbc HOJM iw wba}okm i vowl takitoakih wcgsvot fcgiswc aj otw ikto%Yidbijo Owhieowt zoahckgc+ Tbcvc}iw i vcgo~vagih oktcvcwt fct}cck Hofi ikd tbc SL ok gaefitokm

Owhieowt tcvvavowe+ Tilokm igtoak imiokwt tbc HOJM ikd otw ecefcvwidzikgcd tbc SLw kitoakih wcgsvot tbvasmb jawtcvokm ikto%tcvvavowt ga%a~cvitoak }otb Hofi( }bogb ow ka} i ~ivtkcv aj oe~avtikgc ok gaefitokmtbc Owhieowt tcvvavowe }bogb tbvcitckw fatb gasktvocw+

6?+ Tbc I~~chhiktw iggc~tcd tbit tbc Mazcvkeckt }iw cktothcd ta wi tbittbc kitoakih wcgsvot aj tbc SL }iw ka} tbvcitckcd f tbc igtw aj Hofikkitoakihw }bogb bivecd Hofi+ Tbow }iw cotbcv fcgiswc tbit gashd hcidta igtoak f Hofi imiokwt tbc SL av otw kitoakihw( av eavc ~vafifhfcgiswc ot gashd bive atbcv SL oktcvcwtw f eilokm gasktcv%tcvvav ga%a~cvitoak( ok ~ivtogshiv( eavc dojjogsht+ WWBD z Vcbeik \6>>7U 9 IG637 bid bchd tbit tbc Gaeeowwoak wbashd dcjcv ta tbc zoc} aj tbccrcgstozc iw ta }bit vchitoakwbo~w ikd jigtavw gakwtotstcd kitoakihwcgsvot oktcvcwtw+

7>+ Ok asv zoc}( }bctbcv av kat tbc HOJM mckcvihh biw ghawc Ih Yicdigakkcgtoakw( av biw fcgaec eavc mhafih ok asthaal( ot biw katifikdakcd otw ioew ok Hofi+ Tbit ow i jigct aj tbc mhafih `obidowt ioewik}i+ Fst oj tbc HOJM bid ka fvaidcv asthaal ok mckcvih( tbc jagsw akHofi }ashd fc ct tbc eavc oe~avtikt ta ot+ Ot ow kat tbc javgc ot akgc}iw ok Hofi< ot biw fcck womkojogikth dcmvidcd f igtoakw tilck imiokwt

ot ok tbc 9??>w ikd f tbc vcgckt ivvcwtw aj otw hcidcvw( ka} ok Hofi+ Tbcoe~igt aj tbc ivvcwtw ok tbc SL }otb i zoc} ta dc~avtitoak }ohh bizc}cilckcd ot+ Fst tbit gikkat hamogihh fc tilck iw i ~cveikckt wtitc ajijjiovw( wba}okm tbit tbc ka} vc~vcwckt ka tbvcit ta tbc SLw kitoakihwcgsvot+ Tbcvc ghcivh ivc i ksefcv aj HOJM ecefcvw( ikd atbcvokdozodsihw ok tbc SL bawtohc ta Gahakch Yidbijo( ~vc~ivcd igtozch( javcrie~hc tbvasmb iggaeeaditoak dsvokm ~hikkokm ikd ~vc~ivitoak(jihwc dagsecktw( jskd viowokm( tviokokm ikd tbc ~svgbiwc aj cyso~eckt(ta ws~~avt tbc swc aj zoahckgc imiokwt bow vcmoec oj tbc bizc tbcgbikgc+ Tbc crowtckgc aj i SL fiwc jvae }bogb zoahckt igtoak imiokwtGahakch Yidbijo gik fc ~hikkcd }ashd fc ik ckgasvimceckt ta tbc

mvas~ ta mva} ok wtvckmtb+

79+ Tbc vowl aj zoahckt igtoak imiokwt Hofi ikd otw oktcvcwtw( ws~~avtcd fSL fiwcd Hofik Owhieowt crtvceowtw ow hcmotoeitch ta fc tilck iw i

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jsvtbcv tbvcit ta tbc SLw kitoakih wcgsvot( fcgiswc aj tbc dcwovc aj tbcSL Mazcvkeckt ta vctiok tbc kc}h oe~vazcd vchitoakw }otb Hofi( ikdtbc idziktimcw }bogb ga%a~cvitoak ok gasktcvokm Owhieowt tcvvav fvokmw tatbc SLw wcgsvot+ Idzikgokm tbit ga%a~cvitoak ikd dowvs~tokm tbit tbvcitta tbc Hofik vcmoec iwwowtw tbc SLw kitoakih wcgsvot oktcvcwt+

76+ Ba}czcv( wsfeottcd Ev Jvocdeik( ecvc ecefcvwbo~ aj tbc HOJM fcjavc~vawgvo~toak gashd kat fc wsjjogockt ta wba} i tbvcit ta tbc kitoakihwcgsvot aj tbc SL+ Tbcvc bid ihwa ta fc czodckgc aj igtozotocw }bogbtbcewchzcw ieasktcd ta tcvvavowe+ ^vawgvo~toak dod kat aj otwchj ~vazctbit wsgb igtozotocw bid fcck skdcvtilck+ Tbc jigt aj ecefcvwbo~ dodkat idzikgc eittcvw fcgiswc tbcvc }cvc t}a mvas~w }otbok tbc HOJM0tbawc }ba }cvc igtozc ws~~avtcvw aj mhafih òbid ikd i hivmcv mvas~ }ba}cvc ~vazodokm ka eavc tbik oeeomvitoak iwwowtikgc ikd ~ahotogihdowwckt jvae tbc wijct aj tbc }cwt }otbast zoahckgc+ Tbcvc bid fcck kaa~~avtskotocw jav okdozodsihw ta eadoj tbcov fcbizoasv ok tbc hombt aj tbit

~vawgvo~toak+ Ot bid ta fc wba}k tbit tbcvc }cvc tcvvavowt igtw givvocd astak fcbihj aj tbc HOJM ikd }otbast tbc `swtojogitoak aj wchj%dcjckgc+

77+ ]c iggc~t tbit ot ow kat ~awwofhc ta gakghsdc jvae tbc czodckgc tbit tbcecvc jigt aj HOJM ecefcvwbo~ wba}w tbit ik okdozodsih ow kcgcwwivoh imhafih òbidowt av Ih Yicdi ws~~avtcv+ Tbc vcih jagsw aj tbc ikihwow ajtbit iw~cgt aj tbc kitoakih wcgsvot vowl ow kat tbcvcjavc woe~h ak}bctbcv tbc okdozodsih ow ik HOJM ecefcv( fst ow ak }bit ik okdozodsihHOJM ecefcv biw dakc ikd ei da ok tbc jstsvc( tilokm iggaskt aj}bit ow lka}k aj bow asthaal ikd }otb }bae bc iwwagoitcw+ F tbc wiectalck( tbcvc ivc Hofik òbidowtw }ba ivc kat ecefcvw aj tbc HOJM( ikdwa tbc ifwckgc aj ecefcvwbo~ dacw kat dow~vazc ik Owhieowt imckdi+Imiok tbc jagsw biw ta fc ak }bit tbc okdozodsih biw dakc ikd ei da+

74+ ]otkcww D ei kat bizc fcck jieohoiv }otb ihh tbit vcwcivgbcvw bizc}vottck ak tbc HOJM( fst tbc vcih ~aokt ow tbc akc }bogb bc eidc % tbctbvcit ~awcd f ik okdozodsih ow ta fc `sdmcd f }bit bow a}k asthaalikd igtoakw wba}+ Tbc WWBDw giwc ok vcw~cgt aj DD }iw kat i woe~hciwwcvtoak tbit HOJM ecefcvwbo~ aj otwchj wba}cd DD ta fc aj i mhafih òbidowt asthaal ikd i ws~~avtcv aj zoahckgc ok Hofi ikd astwodc+ Tbcowwsc aj HOJM!Ih Yicdi hoklw ow gi~ifhc aj fcokm waectbokm aj i

dowtvigtoak it tbit eavc mckcvih hczch+ ]bit ow ghciv ba}czcv ow tbit HOJMecefcvwbo~ ihakc dacw wba} tbit ik okdozodsih ow }ohhokm igtozch taws~~avt zoahckt Owhieowt a~~awotoak ta tbc Yidbijo vcmoec( }bogb ow tbcjsvtbcv fiwow jav tbc tbvcit ta kitoakih wcgsvot+

73+ Ot ow holch tbit tbc iwwcwweckt aj tbc vowl ~awcd f ik okdozodsih }ohh katvcidoh fc gae~ivtecktihowcd okta gitcmavocw aj dovcgt ikd okdovcgt vowlta kitoakih wcgsvot< waec igtozotocw ei kat vcidoh fc ~ok~aoktcd ak tbcczodckgc iw fchakmokm ta akc av atbcv gitcmav< tbc ei wcvzc fatb i}odcv Owhieowt ikd ik ikto%Yidbijo ~sv~awc+

7:+ Ba} jiv igtw dakc fcjavc tbc ditc aj ~vawgvo~toak aj tbc HOJM gik wba}jstsvc vowl ow i eittcv jav `sdmeckt ak tbc }bahc aj tbc eitcvoih okvchitoak ta cigb okdozodsih< tbc ditc aj ~vawgvo~toak aj tbc HOJM dacw katgakwtotstc i gst ajj ~aokt fcjavc }bogb igtoakw wbashd fc omkavcd ok tbc

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iwwcwweckt aj dikmcv+ Tbc ~vaw~cgt tbit okdozodsihw eombt eadoj tbcovfcbizoasv ok tbc SL ok tbc hombt aj tbc ~vawgvo~toak ow }avtb ajgakwodcvitoak+

7=+ Tbcvc }iw i gcvtiok ieaskt aj gvaww%crieokitoak ifast tbc ~iwt

gakdsgt aj tbc Hofik vcmoec< }c wbihh dcih }otb tbit ~voeivoh }bckgakwodcvokm wijct ak vctsvk ta }bogb ot eombt fc vchczikt+ Fst oti~~civcd ihwa ta fc wiod tbit kat ihh ~iwt igtoak imiokwt tbc Yidbijovcmoec ~awcd av czodckgcd i gsvvckt tbvcit ta tbc kitoakih wcgsvot ajtbc SL( fcgiswc }bck tbawc igtozotocw }cvc fcokm givvocd ast( Hofi}iw vsk f i hcidcv ikd bckgbeck }ba }cvc tbcewchzcw ws~~avtcvw ajohhcmih zoahckgc( tbvcitckokm tbc kitoakih wcgsvot aj tbc SL+

72+ Tbcvc bizc ~hiokh fcck czcktw ok tbc ~iwt fct}cck tbc SL ikd Hofi}bogb ecikt tbit vchitoakw }cvc bawtohc+ Ysotc ba} tbc yscwtoak aj ikSL kitoakih wcgsvot oktcvcwt ok ~vczcktokm tbc azcvtbva} f zoahckgc aj

tbc Yidbijo vcmoec( ikd otw vc~higceckt f ik Owhieowt vcmoec fiwcd akWbivoi hi}( }ashd bizc fcck zoc}cd ok i dc~avtitoak giwc it tbit toecow ovvchczikt w~cgshitoak+ Ok tbow gaktcrt( tbc yscwtoakokm ifast tbcWbihcv ihhcmitoakw tbit tbcvc eombt bizc fcck lka}hcdmc avokzahzceckt f tbc Wcgsvot Wcvzogc ok i ~hat ta lohh Gahakch Yidbijo owovvchczikt< ikd jvae }bit }c bizc wcck( tbc ihhcmitoakw i~~civ ta fc}otbast waskd jaskditoak( ikd Wbihcv i~~civw ta fc hcww tbik vchoifhc+Tbc WWBD ~awotoak }iw wseeivowcd ok i wbavt wtitceckt f Ev ]oktakjvae tbc Tvciwsv Wahogotavw Ajjogc+

7?+ Fst i vchitcd yscwtoak eombt ivowc oj tbc kitoakih wcgsvot czodckgcokghsdcd igtoakw it i toec }bck vchitoakw }cvc bawtohc< tbc oe~vazcecktfcmik ka hitcv tbik 9??? }bck do~haeitog vchitoakw }cvc vcwtavcd( ikdmitbcvcd ~igc zcv eivlcdh ok 6>>4 ikd 6>>3+ ]c bizc gakwodcvcdtbit ok asv gakghswoakw ak cigb I~~chhikt+

Tbc Kitoakih Wcgsvoty Giwc imiokwt DD

4>+ Tbc WWBDw giwc }iw tbit DD }iw i wckoav ecefcv aj tbc HOJM ikd}iw ~vafifh vcw~akwofhc jav tbc dowwceokitoak aj okjaveitoak ikd~va~imikdi jav tbc mvas~+ Bc bid ~vazodcd crtckwozc ws~~avt ta i

vikmc aj Owhieowt crtvceowtw fchakmokm ta haawch ijjohoitcd Ih Yicdikct}avlw( ikd bid fcck okzahzcd ok tbc ~vagsvceckt ikd ~awwofh ok tbc~vadsgtoak aj jihwc dagsecktw+ Bc vc~vcwcktcd i tbvcit ta tbc SLtbvasmb bow igtozotocw imiokwt tbc SL( ikd tbc ]cwt eavc mckcvihh+

49+ Tbc WWBDw a~ck giwc tbit DD ow i wckoav ecefcv aj tbc HOJM dvi}wak i gaefokitoak aj jigtavw0 tbit DD ow ik Owhieowt crtvceowt ikd tbit bcbiw av bid i zivoct aj gakkcgtoakw( waec ysotc ghawc( ta HOJMecefcvw+ Tbc czodckgc tbit bc ow ik crtvceowt ow ihwa dvi}k jvaetbawc gakkcgtoakw+ Tbc czodckgc biw ta fc haalcd it ok tbc vaskd ta wcc}bit wtvckmtb iw i }bahc ot fcivw+

46+ DD vchocd ak tbvcc wtitcecktw fcjavc tbc bcivokm fcmik0 bow wtitcecktjav bow iwhse i~~cih ikd tbc ws~~avtokm dagsecktw( i wtitceckt jav bowfioh i~~hogitoak }bogb cr~vcwwh dod kat wccl ta dcih }otb tbc dctioh aj

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tbc giwc imiokwt boe( ikd }bit }iw gihhcd bow wcgakd wtitceckt+ Bchitcv ~vadsgcd i tbovd wtitceckt dcihokm }otb tbc gaktcktw aj i jieoh}cfwotc jahha}okm cr~vcwwoakw aj dowysoct f tbc Gaeeowwoak iw ta ba}tbc eittcv bid fcck hcjt+ DD dod kat mozc czodckgc avihh0 bow gaskwch(Ev Jvocdeik( cr~hiokcd tbit DD bid mozck bow czodckgc ok }votokm

dcihokm }otb tbc eiok ~aoktw ok tbc a~ck giwc< tbcvc }iw i womkojogiktieaskt aj eitcvoih ok ghawcd< gvaww%crieokitoak gashd gvcitc ~vafhcewjav DD }cvc bc ta fc vctsvkcd fcgiswc bc }ashd fc dctiokcd ok Hofiikd eitcvoih jvae tbow i~~cih gashd fc swcd imiokwt boe f tbc Hofikw>3+ Tbc dowgazcv aj ikd ihhcmitoakw ifast tbow }cfwotc }cvc kateidc lka}k ta DD sktoh ifast 6= Agtafcv 6>>:( ihtbasmb DD }ashdbizc lka}k tbit tbc ~ahogc bid bow gae~stcv+ Tbc }cfwotc }iwgakwtvsgtcd ok Kazcefcv 6>>7 ikd ot ow iggc~tcd f DD tbit ot ow bow+

43+ Tbc }cfwotc dcwgvofcw otwchj iw tbc jieoh }cfwotc+ DDw }ojc }iw~vcmkikt ok Gboki }bcvc tbc tbck }cvc( ikd DD wiod tbit ot ow oktckdcdta wcvzc iw tbc }cfwotc jav ~ogtsvcw aj tbc gbohd "av wak/+ Tbctvikwhitoakw aj otw gaktckt dojjcv+ Gboki ow dcwgvofcd iw tbcov wcgakdbaechikd( ikd i ~higc }bcvc tbc bid }akdcvjsh diw+ Tbcvc ow igakwodcvifhc ieaskt aj vchomoasw eitcvoih+ Ot iwlw ok tbc Oktvadsgtoak tbitDD fc mviktcd tbc bombcwt vikl aj wbibidib jav _asv wilc ikd tavcwsvvcgt ec ikd e jieoh ok tbc gae~ik aj tbc ^va~bctw( aj tbc Eawt~oasw( aj tbc Wbsbidii( ikd aj tbc vombtcasw( }bawc gae~ik ow tbcfcwt aj ik atbcv gae~ik+ Hitcv ak( ot wiw 0 A Ihhib( _as bizc

msodcd sw ta Owhie "ta Wsfeowwoak/( }otbast sw iwlokm _as( wa ~hciwcAsv Havd( mvikt sw Wbibidib( ikd tbow toec }c ivc iwlokm _as ikdfcwccgbokm as+ Tbc oktvadsgtoak gaktokscw( iwlokm jav gbohdvck }ba

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}ohh fc vcwohockt( eilc òbid jav asv wilc ikd }ba }ohh ceomvitc jav asvwilc+

4:+ ]c bizc swcd bcvc tbc tvikwhitoak }bogb }iw ~vazodcd ak fcbihj aj DDijtcv tbc Gaeeowwoak viowcd yscwtoakw ifast tbc ifwckgc aj ik

vcw~akwc f boe ta tbc ihhcmitoakw ifast tbow }cfwotc ikd tbcwomkojogikgc }bogb tbc WWBD }iw ittigbokm ta ot+ Ot bombhombtw tbc Ivifog}avdw tbc tvikwhitoak av womkojogikgc aj }bogb ow oe~avtikt+ Tbctvikwhitoak ~vazodcd }otb tbc ieckdcd WWBD wtitceckt tvikwhitcw tbcIvifog }avdw( }bogb }c bizc swcd ifazc( iw eivtvw ikdeivtvdae( av( jav òbid zovtsasw }ivvoavw+ Tbc ieckdcd WWBDwtitceckt eidc ot ghciv tbit bc }iw ittigbokm womkojogikgc ta tbc }avdwaj eivtvdae ok ~ivtogshiv+

4=+ Tbcvc }cvc jasv wakmw ak tbc }cfwotc }bogb tbc WWBD bid kat fcckifhc ta iggcww( akc aj }bogb ow cktothcd O ie i tcvvavowt+ DDw

tvikwhitoak dod kat vcjcv ta tbow kav dod DD eilc ik gaeeckt ifast tbcwakm av ba} ot gashd fc iggcwwcd+ Ikatbcv wakm vcjcvw ok otw tothc ta vojhcwikd atbcv mskw( ikd i tbovd haalw ta tbc di }bck czcv kitoak wbihhgaec da}k ak otw lkccw+

42+ Tbcvc }iw i wct aj ~ogtsvcw gihhcd ]akdcvjsh av Gaah Jhiwbcw(dc~ckdokm ak tbc tvikwhitoak+ Tbc jasv ~ogtsvcw bizc figlmvaskd wakmw~viowokm òbid ikd eivtvw+ Tbc jovwt vcjcvw ta tbc ~iok aj Oviy< tbcwcgakd wba}w i fhigl ghid w}avd }ochdokm jomsvc ikd tbc }votokm vcjcvwta Eswhoe tvimcdocw ikd ta tbc wcgakd giho~b( Aeiv( i fvizc jombtcv ikdhcidcv( vcmiokokm tbc kitoakw mhav< tbc tbovd wba}w Mcavmc Fswb( TakFhiov( Ivoch Wbivak ikd i ei~ aj Oviy< tbc jasvtb wba}w îhcwtokoikgbohdvck ikd tbc }votokm vcjcvw ta tbce iw Owhieog gsfw aj wtcidjiwtkcwwikd vcwowtikgc ok tbc jigc aj @c}owb ~omw+ "DDw tvikwhitav dod kat vcjcvta tbow wct atbcv tbik ta katc tbce ok tbc }cfwotc ecks/+

4?+ Tbcvc }cvc tbck waec ~ogtsvcw }otb i gaeecktiv0 i fif }ba bidfcck wbat ok îhcwtokc( i tvimcd lka}k ta ihh Eswhoew< tbc Ih Iywieawysc ok @cvswihce( }otb i ~ace gihhcd Tbc }ahzcw aj ih%Ysdw( tatbc cjjcgt tbit tbc ive aj Eabieecd }ohh vceazc tbc vcgckt swsv~cvwjvae tbc waoh aj îhcwtokc( "tbc WWBD tvikwhitoak katcw vcjcvckgcw ta tbc

swsv~cvw gaktvah f javgc ikd vi~c/< ikd i ~ogtsvc aj tbc Liifib okEcggi( ikd ~vicvw ta Ihhib ta fokd tbc kitoakw }askdw+ DD eidc kavcjcvckgc ta ik aj tbcwc ~ogtsvcw+ Tbcvc }cvc jizasvotc hoklw ta waecOwhieog }cfwotcw+

3>+ Tbc }cfwotc figlmvaskd wakmw( iggavdokm ta tbc WWBD tvikwhitoak( ivc@obido wakmw( okgotokm ikd ~viowokm òbid ikd eivtvdae0 Eswhoew ivcwtvikmcvw ok tbcov a}k hikdw< Likdibiv ow tbc vcwtokm ~higc jav tbceivtvw }ba ivc ok ~ividowc( wa da kat gv jav tbce< E dciv eatbcv dakat gv fcgiswc O ie i}i fcgiswc }c }ohh ecct+ Tbc fcwt gae~ikoakwivc Esìbccdokw+Tbcvc ow ka tvikwhitoak aj tbow ak fcbihj aj DD ikd bc

eilcw ka vcjcvckgc ta ot+

39+ It tbc ckd aj Ev Jvocdeikw gvaww%crieokitoak aj ]otkcww D( bc dciht}otb tbow }cfwotc fvocjh f iwlokm }bctbcv tbow }iw ihh tbit tbc WWBD

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bid vchitokm ta DD iw i wckoav HOJM ecefcv }otb i vahc ok ~va~imikdi+]otkcww D vc~hocd tbit tbcvc }iw ka eavc }cfwotc igtozot ok a~ck }bogbtbc WWBD }iw vchokm ak+ Tbow }iw fcgiswc( wiod ]otkcww D( DD }ashdbizc fcck i}ivc tbit bc }iw aj ~atcktoih oktcvcwt ta tbc SL istbavotocwikd }ashd bizc fcck ysotc givcjsh ifast }bit bc lc~t ak bow gae~stcv+

]otkcww D bid fcck wsv~vowcd ta jokd tbow DZD( cw~cgoihh jvaewaecakc }ba ghioecd ta fc jagswcd ak Hofi+ Ev Jvocdeik wsmmcwtcdtbit tbit wavt aj eitcvoih gashd fc jaskd ak eik gae~stcvw }otbasthcidokm ta dc~avtitoak+ Ka ikw}cv ow vcgavdcd ihtbasmb Ev Jvocdeikei bizc tbasmbt tbit tbcvc }iw imvcceckt+ ]c }cvc gakgcvkcd tbitEv Jvocdeik eombt kat bizc bid toec ta tilc okwtvsgtoakw ak }bit eombtfc eavc oe~avtikt ta sw tbik ot i~~civcd ta boe+ Bc gakjovecd tbit bcbid iwlcd bow yscwtoakw ifast tbc }cfwotc( fst }c mizc boe tbca~~avtskot ta vcgakwodcv+ Tbit hcd ta tbc jsvtbcv wtitceckt jvae DD ikdtbc ~awwofh dojjcvckt tvikwhitoak+

36+ DD wiw tbit ot ow i jieoh }cfwotc ckifhokm bow jieoh ta lcc~ ok tasgb( ot}iw kat jav ~sfhog zoc}okm( }iw kczcv jokowbcd ikd }iw kczcv iziohifhcak hokc+ Ot }iw kat gvcitcd ta gakzc ~ahotogih tbasmbtw jav bc bid atbcv}cfwotcw }bogb bc swcd ta ~vaeatc bow ~ahotogih odciw+ Tbc ysatitoakw oktbc Oktvadsgtoak }cvc hivmch jvae tbc Lavik }otb akc ws~~hogitoak jvaetbc ^va~bct Eabieecd( ikd i ws~~hogitoak jvae DD it tbc ckd+ ]ciggc~t tbit+ DD cr~hiokcd tbit Wbibidib }iw tbc bombcwt vikl ajvchomoasw gakzogtoak< `obidok tbc gaktcrt aj bow gbohd vcjcvvcd ta gbohdvck}ba }ashd wtvozc( fc ckcvmctog ikd wtikd s~ jav }bit tbc fchoczcd ok+Tbc tvikwhitoak wsfeottcd ak bow fcbihj ~aoktcd ast tbit Wbibidibecikt dcghivokm akcw fchocj ok tbc akc Mad ikd ok bow ^va~bct< ot ihwaecikt fcivokm }otkcww f wtvozokm jav ~cvjcgtoak av ajjcvokm akcw hojc javIhhib( ikd ok tbit wckwc ot gashd vcjcv ta eivtvdae< Wbsbidiiecikw}otkcwwikd ow i tothc mozck ta i Eswhoe ijtcv dcitb oj bc docd jshjohhokm ivchomoasw gaeeikd av dsvokm i vchomoasw }iv+ @obid ecikt wtvozokm taeilc Owhie ws~cvoav ikd ta igboczc i bomb eavih wtikdivd jav akcwchjikd ot gashd ihwa ecik bah jombtokm jav Ihhib+ ]c iggc~t tbit tbawcdojjcvckgcw aj ecikokm crowt+

37+ Tbc yscwtoak aj }bit }iw ecikt ikd }bit ot womkojocw biw ta fc mitbcvcdkat jvae tvikwhitoak ihakc fst jvae tbc gaktckt aj tbc }cfwotc( }bit DD

wiw ifast otw ecikokm ikd atbcv eitcvoih }bogb fcivw ak ot+

34+ Iw ta ikto%Gahakch Yidbijo eitcvoih eavc mckcvihh( ot ow fcakd dow~stctbit DD biw dczcha~cd hotcvitsvc ikd }cfwotcw ittiglokm Yidbijo(fcgiswc bc boewchj biw ajtck wiod jvae bow civhocwt wtitcecktw tbit tbitow }bit bc dacw+ Bc wiw tbit tbc bizc fcck gckwavcd ok Hofi ikdtbit tbc bizc mat bow jieoh tbcvc okta dojjogshtocw }otb tbc ~ahogc( hcidokmta yscwtoakokm ikd ivvcwtw+ Bc biw odcktojocd waec }cfwotcw ikd~vadsgcd i jc} crie~hcw aj }bit bc biw dakc( ta kakc aj }bogb gashdik kitoakih wcgsvot af`cgtoak fc tilck+

33+ Tbc wcivgb aj tbc bivd dvozc aj DDw gae~stcv ihwa vczcihcd }bit tbcWWBD wiod }iw i hokl ta tbc HOJM ikd i vahc ok ~vazodokm ws~~avt taOwhieowt crtvceowtw( atbcv tbik ok vchitoak ta ~va~imikdi+ I ~iww~avt~batamvi~b aj i fcivdhcww E "WOIG vcjcvckgc hcttcv/( ik ideottcd HOJM

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ecefcv ikd aj waec wckoavot( }iw jaskd ak tbc bivd dvozc+ Ikatbcv~iww~avt ~batamvi~b }iw dowgazcvcd ak tbc wgikkcv it tbc wieciddvcww( ihwa iwwcwwcd ta fc aj E< tbcvc }iw waec ws~~avt( wiod ikcr~cvt( jav tbc zoc} tbit akc }iw i domotihh ckbikgcd zcvwoak aj tbcatbcv+ Tbow wtvakmh ws~~avtcd tbc WWBD zoc} tbit DD }iw okzahzcd ok

ihtcvokm odcktot dagsecktw( ikd daokm wa jav ik HOJM ecefcv+ DD dodkat gaktcwt ik ~ivt aj tbit czodckgc< bc ei bizc jcht okbofotcd f tbcvowl aj wchj%okgvoeokitoak+ Fst }c iggc~t ot+ Ka dasft( f otwchj( ot gashd fcwiod ta fc iw gakwowtckt }otb bow we~itb jav tbc HOJM iw }otb bowecefcvwbo~ aj ot+

3:+ Tbcvc }iw jsvtbcv czodckgc tbit DD bid fcck ckmimcd ok tbc~vadsgtoak aj jihwc dagsecktw( ok iddotoak ta tbc jigt tbit bc bidaftiokcd ikd swcd jihwc W~ikowb dagsecktw jav bow `asvkc ta tbc SLjvae Gboki( ikd bid tvizchhcd iw i Eavaggik ta Tsvlc( Eihiwoi ikdGboki+ It DDw iddvcww }cvc ihwa dowgazcvcd t}a atbcv ~iww~avt

~batamvi~bw( i wgikkcv( hieokitav( gsttokm lkojc( faivd ikd vshcv( ikd iWsdik odcktot givd+ Kcotbcv bow ~awwcwwoak aj tbcwc otcew kav tbcokjcvckgc }bogb tbc WWBD dvc} jvae tbce }iw gbihhckmcd ok ikczodckgc av yscwtoakw ak fcbihj aj DD+ ]c iggc~t tbc okjcvckgc+ DDbid i ksefcv aj ihoiwcw( }bogb bc dod kat dow~stc av cr~hiok0 EshhibWbilov Shhib Mbipki}o ikd Oeid Ih Hofo+ Mbipko( jvae }bogbMbipki}o gaecw( ow ok Ijmbikowtik+ Bc ivvozcd iw Bawwcok Ifwchie(ikd bc biw ihwa swcd tbc kiec Ifdshhib Fiticfcod+

3=+ DD dod tilc owwsc }otb akc dagseckt }bogb tbc WWBD vchocd ak iwwba}okm bow iggcww ta ikd swc aj jihwc dagsecktitoak+ Jav bow iwhsei~~cih( DD ~vadsgcd i wseeakw( dcwgvofcd iw i }otkcww wseeakw(}bogb bc wiod bid fcck wcvzcd ak bow jitbcv ok Hofi+ Bc gashd kat wi}bctbcv av kat ot }iw istbcktog ok tbc hombt aj tbc gbihhckmc ta ot fst bcfchoczcd tbit ot bid fcck wcvzcd ak bow jitbcv+ Tbc WWBD gakwodcvcdtbit DD lkc} tbit ot }iw jihwc+ Ot ow ditcd 9 Wc~tcefcv 6>>9 ikd tchhwDDw jitbcv tbit fcgiswc bow wak biw jhcd ifvaid ikd ow gaktoksokm bowikto Vczahstoakiv igtozotocw ta tbc mvcit dctvoeckt aj otw wcgsvot ikdigboczcecktw( tbc jitbcv biw ta ittckd tbc Bcid Ysivtcvw aj tbc OktcvkihWcgsvot Imckg }otb ihh tbc ~awwcwwoakw aj tbc wak }bogb gashd fcswcjsh ta boe ifvaid( biw ta wta~ gaeeskogitokm }otb boe( ikd okwtcid

eswt ga%a~cvitc }otb tbc Imckg imiokwt tviotavw+ Ot ihwa wiw tbit DD}iw gakzogtcd aj ik ajjckgc ok Ismswt 6>>9 gaktviv ta i ~vazowoak ajtbc ^ckih Gadc jav }bogb DD wiw tbc eokoese wcktckgc ow hojcoe~vowakeckt ikd tbc dcitb ~ckiht ow i ~awwofohot+ Tbow ow aj gasvwcihwa vchczikt ta tbc vowlw }bogb DD }ashd jigc ak vctsvk+ Tbc jitbcv docdok @avdik }bcvc bc }iw vcgcozokm ecdogih tvciteckt ak 6 Eivgb 6>>=+

32+ Tbc Fvotowb Cefiww ok Tvo~aho gakjovecd tbit tbcvc }cvc i ksefcv ajiw~cgtw aj tbow dagseckt okghsdokm otw ditc( ikd tbc ksecvihw swcd}bogb wba}cd tbit ot }iw kat istbcktog+ Tbc Hofik istbavotocwdowghawcd tbc jshhcv dctiohw ok i Katc Zcvfihc aj 9 Kazcefcv 6>>:+ ]c

iggc~t tbit ot ow kat istbcktog jav tbawc vciwakw+ ]c wcc ka vciwak taiggc~t tbit DD }iw ws~~hocd ot f }chh%}owbcvw }ba }iktcd ta iwwowt bowiwhse ghioe( fst dod kat }ikt boe ta fchoczc tbit tbc dagseckt }iwjihwc ikd wa }cvc ~vc~ivcd jav boe ta fc }avvocd jav boewchj ikd bow

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jitbcv( fst dod kat cr~cgt boe ta gaktigt bow jitbcv( }ba }ashd bizc tahdboe tbc tvstb+ ]c fchoczc tbit DD lkc} tbit ot }iw jihwc ikd }iw~vc~ivcd ta swc ot ta jsvtbcv }bit( ak tbc WWBDw gsvvckt giwc( }iw imcksokc iwhse ghioe( czck oj kat ihh aj otw dctioh }iw iggsvitc( fst}bogb it tbit toec tbc WWBD bid dowfchoczcd+

3?+ Tbc WWBD ~aoktcd ta DDw gaktigtw }otb tbvcc okdozodsihw( i~ivt jvae E(iw wba}okm womkojogikt hoklw }otb Owhieog crtvceowtw+ Tbc jovwt ow IhWidcy( }bae DD ideotw ta lka}okm( fst iw Iho Eabiecd+ Ih Widcy}iw tbc }avhd}odc ceov av hcidcv aj tbc HOJM sktoh bow dctcktoak okEivgb 6>>4( fst DD dckocw tbit bc lkc} it tbit toec tbit Ih Widcy bchdtbit ~awotoak+ Ot ow kat dow~stcd tbit bc dod bahd ot+ DDw czodckgc ow tbitIh Widcy }iw ik a~~akckt aj tbc Yidbijo vcmoec ikd }iw }iktcd f ot+DD eswt bizc lka}k Ih Widcy fcjavc maokm ta Gboki fcgiswc bc wiwtbit }bck bc ivvozcd tbcvc Ih Widcy bid ihvcid ivvikmcdiggaeeaditoak jav boe ikd bow }ojc+ Bc dacw kat wi ba} tbc ect( fst

ot dacw kat i~~civ tbcvcjavc ta bizc fcck iw Hofik crohcw ok Gboki+ IhWidcy }iw i jvockd ikd tbc }avlcd tamctbcv ak tbc }cfwotc }bogb DDswcd jav bow ~ahotogih igtozotocw+ Tbcov iwwagoitoak }iw wagoih ikdfswokcww ikd ta i gcvtiok dcmvcc ~ahotogih( iw DD ~st ot( fcgiswc tbcvc}cvc eik Hofik dowwodcktw ok tbc Jiv Ciwt it tbc toec< fst tbit~ahotogih iwwagoitoak }iw kat }otbok i ~ahotogih avmikowitoak+ Bc dowgswwcdhcizokm Gboki }otb Ih Widcy( }ba ~vazodcd boe }otb tbc W~ikowb~iww~avt ok vctsvk jav DDw Eavaggik akc+ Ih Widcy ow ka} ok dctcktoakok Hofi( bizokm fcck ivvcwtcd ok Tbiohikd ikd vceazcd ok Eivgb 6>>4+Ev Jvocdeik wiw tbit DD biw kat wasmbt ta gakgcih bow vchitoakwbo~}otb Ih Widcy+ Tbc WWBD vcmivdw tbc vchitoakwbo~ iw bizokm fcck ghawcikd iw czodckgokm ecefcvwbo~ aj tbc HOJM+

:>+ Tbc w~ovotsih hcidcv aj tbc HOJM( Ifs Eskdbov( bid ihwa fcck ok Gboki ittbc wiec toec< bc taa }iw ivvcwtcd ikd vceazcd ta Hofi jvae BakmLakm ok Eivgb 6>>4+

:9+ Jav ihh tbit DD w~cilw aj tbc eatozitoak jav hcizokm Gboki iw fcokm bow}ojcw fatgbcd ifavtoak ok @sh 6>>7( tbcvc }cvc vcih ~vafhcew jav ikHofik hozokm ok Gboki ik}i+ Iw DD wiw( oj tbc Gbokcwc istbavotocwvcihowcd tbit bc }iw Hofik ikd kat Eavaggik( bc }ashd bizc fcck

vceazcd ta Hofi f tbc Gbokcwc+ Aftiokokm dagsecktw jav tbc fif}ashd bizc fcck dojjogsht+ Ot ow ~awwofhc ta cktcvtiok vcih dasft ifast bowvcih eatozitoak( fcgiswc aj tbc mha}okm }i ok }bogb hojc ok Gboki }iwdcwgvofcd ok Kazcefcv 6>>7 }bck tbc }cfwotc }iw wct s~( ok eivlcdgaktviwt ta tbc dowtvcwwokm ecdogih ~ogtsvc ~ioktcd ok tbc wtitceckteidc jav tbc iwhse i~~cih+

:6+ DD wiw tbit bc ect bow Eavaggik }ojc tbvasmb ik Ivifog Eswhoe}cfwotc ikd tbc dcgodcd ta mct eivvocd( }bogb tbc dod f ~var azcvtbc tchc~bakc i jc} eaktbw hitcv ok Ei 6>>7< tbc jovwt ect ok ~cvwak okEihiwoi wbavth ijtcv}ivdw ikd tbck wct ajj jav Gboki cigb ak

Eavaggik ~i~cvw+ Tbc fvatbcv aj Evw DD ow Eswti~bi Eieasko< tbcwowtcv aj Evw DD }iw eivvocd ta Wcvbikc Jilbct+ Tbc WWBD ittvofstcdgakwodcvifhc }combt ta tbcwc jieohoih gakkcgtoakw( ikd wccw tbce iwvitbcv eavc tbik skbi~~ gaokgodckgcw+ Eieasko }iw wcktckgcd(

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iggavdokm ta DD( ta 92 civw ok ~vowak ok Eavagga jav bow ihhcmcd ~ivt oktbc Giwifhikgi faefokmw aj Ei 6>>7 ok }bogb 43 ~ca~hc }cvc lohhcd+Jilbct fhc} boewchj s~ ok i ~ahogc viod jahha}okm tbc 99 Eivgb 6>>4 tviokfaefokmw ok Eidvod< W~ikowb istbavotocw fchoczc boe ta bizc fcck tbchcidcv aj tbc mvas~ vcw~akwofhc+ Ot }iw kat tbc WWBDw giwc tbit DD

boewchj bid hoklw ta cotbcv aj tbawc itvagotocw+ DD dod kat iggc~t tbittbit }iw ba} Jilbct docd av tbit Jilbct bid ik okzahzceckt ok tbcEidvod faefokmw+

:7+ Tbcvc }iw i maad dcih aj dcfitc iw ta ba} esgb }combt }iw fcokm ~stf tbc WWBD ak tbc jigt av fiwow jav tbc gakzogtoak aj Eieasko ok zoc}aj tbc czodckgc jvae Bseik Vombtw ]itgb tbit tbc Eavaggikw gbivmcdazcv 6>>>~ca~hc ok gakkcgtoak }otb tbc faefokmw ikd ohh%tvcitcd tbce7 }ba }cvcgakzogtcd }cvc ~vafifh tioktcd f gakjcwwoakw ikd wtitcecktwaftiokcd f tavtsvc+ Ok ~ivtogshiv( czodckgc jvae Eihcgl Ih Ikdshwo(

"Eihcl Ikdashwo/( wbashd fc dowvcmivdcd+ Iggavdokm ta i Eavaggikkc}w~i~cv }cfwotc( tbow czodckgc hoklcd tbc HOJM ta tbc ittiglw ikd tatbc Eavaggik Owhieog Jombtokm Mvas~( }bogb igtsihh givvocd ast tbcittigl< t}a SL fiwcd ecefcvw aj tbc HOJM bid fcck gakzogtcd ok tbcovifwckgc aj okzahzceckt ok tbc Giwifhikgi faefokmw+

:4+ ]otkcww D wiod tbit bc }iw vchsgtikt ta ittigb mvcit womkojogikgc ta tbcjigt aj tbc gakzogtoak aj tbc SL fiwcd okdozodsihw( av it hciwt ta tbcgakzogtoak aj akc aj tbce< ikd }c bizc tilck ot tbit tbc jigt ajgakzogtoak ok vcw~cgt aj tbc Giwifhikgi faefokmw ow kat ta fc bchdimiokwt ik okdozodsih+ Bc dod kat dow~stc tbit ik czodckgc dvi}k jvaeIh Ikdshwo jchh ta fc dowvcmivdcd( it hciwt ak ~vimeitog mvaskdw ok tbcifwckgc aj okzcwtomitoak+ Dctiokcc vc~avtokm( oj ik( jvae Eavagga ihwagashd kat fc vchocd ak( ak tbc wiec fiwow+ Tbc ~sv~awc aj tbc vcjcvckgcta tbc gakzogtoak aj Eieasko }iw ta dvi} ta DDw ittcktoak tbit tbcWWBD vcmivdcd Eieasko iw i womkojogikt jomsvc( }otb gakkcgtoakw taDD ikd ta tbc Giwifhikgi faefokmw+ Bc }iw swokm tbit gakzogtoak iw iecikw aj womkihhokm i gakkcgtoak }bogb bc }owbcd ta ~svwsc ok ghawcd>4faefokmw ok Eidvod+ Tbcvc }cvc tchc~bakc gihhw ok civh @iksiv 6>>4fct}cck i ksefcv swcd ok Gboki f Ih Widcy ikd i @avdikoik ok W~iok

}otb }bae Ih Widcy }iktcd ta wct s~ i jsvkotsvc fswokcww+ Tbc vc~avtwiw tbit Ih Widcy ikd DD }cvc tamctbcv ok Gboki it tbit toec(ihtbasmb tbit }ashd kat kcgcwwivoh bizc ecikt tbit tbc }cvc~bwogihh ~varoeitc }bck tbc tchc~bakc gihhw }cvc eidc+ Tbc

9:


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@avdikoik( jvae }bawc @sh 6>>4 wtitceckt ta tbc W~ikowb istbavotocwtbow okjaveitoak }iw dvi}k( ihwa wiod( iw }c vcid tbc dagseckt( tbit bc}iw kcrt ta Jilbct ok W~iok }bck tbc hittcv gihhcd Hakdak ijtcv DD bidivvozcd jvae Gboki+ Tbc @avdikoik mizc bow W~ikowb jir ksefcv ta bowoktcvhagstav ok Hakdak+ Tbow }iw kat tbc akh gihh eidc f Jilbct ta

Hakdak ijtcv DDw ivvozih+ ]otkcww D imvccd tbit bc gashd kat widcjokotozch tbit DD }iw tbc vcgo~ockt aj tbc gihh+

:=+ DD wiw tbit bc bid kczcv ect Jilbct fst bid w~alck ta boe azcv tbctchc~bakc i jc} toecw+ Tbcwc gaktigtw bid ka tcvvavowt ~sv~awc it ihh+Tbcov }ozcw bid ihwa w~alck ta cigb atbcv+ Eik ~ca~hc }ba lkc}Jilbct bid kat fcck ivvcwtcd ijtcv tbc Eidvod faefokmw+

:2+ Tbcvc }iw ik iwwcvtoak tbit DD bid iggcww ta jskdw ikd bid ~hicd ivahc ok jokikgoih jigohotitoak( fst tbit }iw ihh tbit tbcvc }iw ok a~ck+ DDeidc ka gaeeckt ifast ot( fcakd tbc mckcvih gaeeckt tbit bc jcht

jvswtvitcd f tbc skjiov higl aj dctioh ok tbc ihhcmitoakw< }c tilc tbow ta fcakc aj tbce+

:?+ Tbc WWBD ihwa katcd eivlokmw ok ik I%P jaskd ok tbc faat aj i giv itDDw iddvcww ok Agtafcv 6>>3( }bogb wba}cd eivlokmw ihakm jaat~itbwskdcv tbc jhombt~itb aj Foveokmbie Oktcvkitoakih Iov~avt+ Tbc eivlokmeombt bizc fcck jav vcgakkiowwikgc ~sv~awcw fst eombt bizc i }bahhokkagckt cr~hikitoak+ F tbcewchzcw( ]otkcww D iggc~tcd( tbc }cvckat aj ik mvcit womkojogikgc+ DD eilcw ka w~cgojog gaeeckt ak tbowakc }i av tbc atbcv+

=>+ ]otkcww D }iw kat i}ivc aj ik Hofik wcgsvot wcvzogc oktcvcwt ok DD}bohc bc bid fcck ok tbc SL+ Ot }iw kat tbc WWBDw giwc tbit DD bidfcck okzahzcd }otb tbc ajjckgcw jav }bogb gcvtiok kiecd Hofikw }cvcwbavth ta fc jigokm tvoih ok tbc SL+

=9+ ]c ivc cktovch witowjocd tbit DD ow i vcih ikd dovcgt tbvcit ta tbckitoakih wcgsvot aj tbc SL+ Bc ow ik Owhieowt crtvceowt+ Bc ow iecefcv aj tbc HOJM ikd it hciwt }otbok tbc SL ow i jomsvc aj waecoe~avtikgc ikd okjhsckgc+ Bc biw ghawc hoklw }otb i ksefcv aj wckoavHOJM ecefcvw+ Bc biw cr~cvtowc ikd jskgtoakw iw i ~va~imikdowt ikd

gaeeskogitav( ihtbasmb ot azcv javeihowcw tbc ~awotoak ta wsmmcwt tbitbc ow i~~aoktcd ta waec ~awotoak ta tbit ckd+ Bow dovcgt hoklw ta IhWidcy ikd Eskdbov ivc oe~avtikt ok wba}okm bow a}k womkojogikgc+ Bowasthaal }iw hcww jagswcd ak Hofi tbik tbcovw( fst tbc dod kat jagswcrghswozch ak Hofi cotbcv+

=6+ DD ow i mhafih `obidowt }otb hoklw ta tbc Tihcfik ikd Ih Yicdi+ Wsgbdojjcvckgcw iw crowt fct}cck tbawc t}a mvas~w bizc ka vchczikgc ta tbcdikmcv bc ~awcw+ Bc hcjt Hofi civhocv tbik bc ideotw( ikd biw tvizchhcdwomkojogikth+ ]c ivc ysotc witowjocd tbit tbc eavc wokowtcv oktcv~vctitoakwaj bow wa gihhcd jieoh }cfwotc ivc gavvcgt ikd wba} bow ws~~avt jav

wsogodc a~cvitoakw+ Tbc oktcvkih czodckgc( cw~cgoihh tbc wakmw ikdhikmsimc ws~~avt tbit zoc}( fst ot biw ta fc wcck ok tbc gaktcrt aj ihhtbit ow lka}k ifast boe+ Ev Jvocdeik wsmmcwtcd tbit tbc eivtvdaevcjcvckgcw ikd tbc vigowt vceivlw ifast @c}owb ~omw wba}cd ka

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~ivtogshiv ~ahotogih avocktitoak< Eswhoew aj eik zoc}w eombt eilc vigowtvceivlw aj tbit wavt ifast @c}w+ Tbit ei fc wa fst }bit DD wiod ow ijigct aj tbc azcvihh ~ogtsvc aj boe+ Tbc jave ~ivt aj tbc eitcvoihwba}okm bow crtvceowt ikd zoahckt asthaal+

=7+ Tbc czodckgc wtvakmh ws~~avtw tbc gakghswoakw tbit bc biw ~vafifhfcck okzahzcd ok tbc ~vagsvceckt ikd ~vadsgtoak aj jihwc dagsecktitoakjav swc f HOJM ecefcvw+ E ow i zcv womkojogikt HOJM jomsvc ok tbc SL(aj i holc asthaal ta DDw+ DDw hoklw ta Eieasko ikd Jilbct ivc katecvc eowjavtskc av gaokgodckgc< }c fchoczc jvae cr~cvockgc tbit wsgbjieoh vchitoakwbo~w }otb holc%eokdcd ~ca~hc idd ta gaktigtw( gazcv( ikdwcgsvot+

=4+ DD ow ihwa i tbvcit ta tbc SLw kitoakih wcgsvot fcgiswc bow a~~awotoakta tbc Yidbijo vcmoec ow i eiàv iw~cgt aj bow mhafih òbidowt asthaal+A~~awotoak ta tbc Yidbijo vcmoec( okghsdokm a~~awotoak jvae ik Owhieowt

~cvw~cgtozc o+c+ jvae tbc zoc}~aokt tbit tbc vcmoec ow ikto%Owhieogiggavdokm ta tbcov ~ivtogshiv wtvikd aj vchomoasw fchocj( ow kat aj otwchj itbvcit ta tbc SLw kitoakih wcgsvot+ Ot ow tbc crtvceowt Owhieowta~~awotoak( }bogb gasktckikgcw ikd ws~~avtw tbc swc aj zoahckgcimiokwt tbc vcmoec( }bogb ow i tbvcit< ikd ~ivtogshivh wa }bcvc ot ow ~ivtaj i }odcv òbidowt asthaal+ Tbcwc igtozotocw gikkat wckwofh fc vcmivdcdiw hcmotoeitc wchj%dcjckgc+

=3+ Ok wa jiv iw tbc WWBDw giwc okghsdcw eitcvoih }bogb ~vcgcdcw 6>>>( otczodckgcw i mhafih òbidowt asthaal+ ]c vcmivd ot iw ysotc skholch tbitDD }ashd eadoj bow fcbizoasv iw i vcwsht aj tbc ~vawgvo~toak aj tbcHOJM( atbcv tbik ta ida~t mvcitcv ~vcgistoakw imiokwt okzcwtomitoak ftbc Wcgsvot Wcvzogc+ ]c fchoczc tbit esgb aj }bit DD biw wiod ok bowwtitcecktw ow sktvsc( av wchcgtozc ikd igtozch eowhcidokm+ Asvgakghswoakw dvi} ak tbc ghawcd eitcvoih iw }chh+

Tbc Kitoakih Wcgsvoty giwc imiokwt IW+=:+ Tbc WWBD ihhcmcd tbit IW }iw i gaeeottcd Owhieowt crtvceowt }ba bid

fcck igtozch okzahzcd ok ~vazodokm hamowtog ws~~avt ta okdozodsihw hoklcdta Ih Yicdi( ikd }iw hoklcd ta i tcvvavowt gchh fiwcd ok Csva~c }bogb

}iw okzahzcd ok viowokm jskdw( ~vagsvokm javmcd dagsecktw ikd okjigohotitokm tbc tvizch aj vcgvsotw ta tcvvavowt tviokokm gie~w+ Bc bid hoklwta okdozodsihw }ba }cvc okzahzcd ok ittigl ~hikkokm ok Csva~c( ikdboewchj bid vcgcozcd tcvvavowt tviokokm ok Ijmbikowtik+ Ot }iw kat ihhcmcdimiokwt boe tbit bc }iw i ecefcv aj tbc HOJM( ihtbasmb tbc Hofikwbid iggswcd boe aj fcokm i ecefcv+ Ev Jvocdeik viowcd i ksefcv ajowwscw ifast tbit iw~cgt+

==+ Iheawt ihh aj tbc a~ck czodckgc tbit IW vc~vcwcktcd i dikmcv ta tbc SLgiec jvae eitcvoih ws~~hocd f tbc Otihoik istbavotocw ok gakkcgtoak }otbtbc crtvidotoak vcyscwt ok Jcfvsiv 6>>7+ Tbc Otihoik ~vawcgstokm

istbavotocw wiod( ikd wa dacw tbc Wcgsvot Wcvzogc( tbit ot wba}w IW tabizc fcck tbc hcidcv aj i gchh aj Owhieowt crtvceowtw fiwcd ok Eohik(}otb gaktigtw ikd hoklw ta atbcv crtvceowtw( }ba }cvc ~vc~ivokm jav ikittigl( }bogb f Wc~tcefcv 6>>6 }iw oeeokckt( ~vafifh waec}bcvc

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ok Csva~c+ Tbc eitcvoih ow fiwcd ak oktcvgc~t( wseeivocw aj }bit ~ahogcwsvzcohhikgc av atbcv okzcwtomitoak jaskd( ikd okjcvckgc+ Tbc WcgsvotWcvzogc ~aoktw ta tvizch ikd tvizch ivvikmcecktw fcokm eidc( eakcviowokm ckdcizasvw( tbc msivdcd ikd gadcd hikmsimc swcd( tbcaftiokokm ikd wckdokm aj jihwc dagsecktw ikd jihwc odcktotocw( tbc

vcw~cgt wba}k jav IW dcw~otc bow astb( jav bc }iw ifast 69!66 civwahd ok 6>>6( ikd tbc ~hikkcd jaatfihh miec( }otb tbc vidogih Owhieogvchomoasw azcvtakcw tbvasmbast tbc gakzcvwitoakw+

=2+ Tbc eitcvoih czodckgcw tbit( f Dcgcefcv 6>>9( IW }iw ~ivt aj i mvas~gae~awcd( ok iddotoak ta boe( aj waec combt Tskowoik eck hozokm ok ikdivaskd Eohik( it hciwt ok 6>>60 Gbcvoj( Kiwwoe( Ih Biko( Pivliaso(Tvifchwo( "kat tbc Kopiv Tvifchwo gsvvckth wcvzokm i wcktckgc okFchmose/( Hatjo( Fasiboi ikd Wiheikc+ Waec bid i zivoct aj kiecw>9( }bck IW eidc gaktigt }otb i kiecd okdozodsih( }bae tbcOtihoikw }cvc ihvcid tviglokm iw ik Owhieowt crtvceowt( ok avdcv ta iwl

tbc }bcvcifastw aj t}a atbcv kiecd crtvceowtw+ Ok eod @iksiv 6>>6(IW ikd t}a atbcv ecefcvw aj tbc mvas~ bid tvocd ta fs i kombt johtcv javi zodca%giecvi bc bid fst bc dod kat }ikt ta hcizc bow kiec }otb tbcwba~ }bck tahd tbit ot bid ta fc avdcvcd+ Tbc czodckgc ow tbit tbc mvas~

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}cvc tbck eilokm dioh swc aj tbc zodca%giecvi ikd }cvc ok gaktigt}otb fvatbcvw ok tbc SL ok gakkcgtoak }otb ot+ Tbc ~sv~awc aj tbcjoheokm }iw kat iwgcvtiokcd fst }c vcmivd ot iw skholch tbit ot }iw javtasvowt av jieoh ~sv~awcw( ikd wsvzcohhikgc ow esgb eavc holch+ IW tahdIh Biko ifast tbow toec tbit bc kccdcd ta hcizc Otih ikd IW i~~civw ta

bizc hcjt Otih jav tbc Kctbcvhikdw it waec ~aokt fct}cck ifast 64@iksiv 6>>6 ikd 94 Jcfvsiv 6>>6+ Bc i~~civw ta bizc czidcd ikittce~t f tbc Otihoikw( }ba bid hawt wombt aj boe ak 64 @iksiv 6>>6( tagi~tsvc boe it tbc favdcv( iggavdokm ta i dowgswwoak fct}cck t}aecefcvw aj tbc mvas~+

29+ Ak 9= @iksiv 6>>6( Kiwwoe tvizchhcd ta tbc Kctbcvhikdw( ect Ih Bikoikd tbck }ckt ak ta Ovik+ Gbcvoj ikd Ih Biko }cvc ok tasgb ifastKiwwoew ~vamvcww+ IW bid fcck ok tasgb }otb Gbcvoj ikd }iw ta fc tahdtbit bc }ashd fc gaktigtcd }bck tbc bid ik ikw}cv+ Kiwwoe vctsvkcd}otb jozc eohhoakw( ok sklka}k gsvvckg }bogb }iw iwwcwwcd ta bizc

gaec jvae tbc bcid aj tbc es`ibodcck ok Ovik( }ba gashd okdovcgth fc okgaktigt }otb Fok Hidck+ Ak 6= Jcfvsiv 6>>6 IW tahd Gbcvoj( }ba }iwakc aj tbawc }otb }bae bc }iw ghawcwt( tbit bow ~vamvieec }iwgbikmokm( ihtbasmb bc }iw gaktckt ok tbc Kctbcvhikdw fcgiswc ka akcfatbcvcd boe ikd bc }iw ghcivh ~hikkokm ak wtiokm tbcvc jav i }bohc+Bc iwlcd oj Kiwwoe bid fvasmbt tbc gaeeowwoak+ Kiwwoe( }ba bidw~ckt tck aj bow diw ok ~vowak ok Ovik( dod bizc ik ckzcha~c avecwwimc }bogb bc bid oktckdcd ta bikd azcv it Iewtcvdie Iov~avt taIh Biko jav boe ta ~iww ta IW+ Ot ow iwwcwwcd tbit tbow ecwwimc }iwokwtvsgtoakw jav tbc gchh+

26+ Wbavth ijtcv}ivdw( ak 6 Eivgb 6>>6( IW }iw dceikdokm tbit Kiwwoe~vagsvc i jihwc ~iww~avt jav boe( ikd azcv tbc kcrt t}a }cclw gaktokscd~vcwwokm boe iw i eittcv aj svmckg jav akc( okghsdokm ik Otihoik akc0tbokmw ivckt kaveih bcvc+ Bc vcjswcd tbc wsmmcwtoak tbit bc vctsvk taOtih+ Tbc tchc~bakc gaktigtw }otb tbc mvas~ fcgiec eavc gistoasw ikdmsivdcd+ IW }iw iwlcd f Kiwwoe ta mct ok tasgb }otb tbc Ovikoikwifast aftiokokm jvae tbce i wsfwtiktoih wse aj eakc+ Bc dceikdcdtbit Tvifchwo ok Otih aftiok i ~avtifhc gae~stcv jav boe( ikd akc }cclhitcv tahd Tvifchwo tbit bc }iw ka} ok tbc SL+ Tbit }iw ak 69 Eivgb6>>6( tbc hiwt katcd gaktigt }otbok tbc Otihoik eitcvoih+ Tbc Dstgb ikd

Otihoik ~ahogc }cvc ifhc ta cwtifhowb tbc wckdokm aj tbc ~iww~avt jvaeOtih ta IW hozokm skdcv i jihwc kiec ok Iewtcvdie+

27+ Tbcvc ow waec czodckgc tbit ok Eivgb fatb IW ikd tbawc ok Otih }cvccr~cgtokm waec kc}w oeeokckth( ikd ot ow i vciwakifhc okjcvckgc jvaewaec aj tbc wsvvaskdokm hikmsimc( aj hcizokm jav ~ividowc( tbit tbowkc}w }iw cr~cgtcd ta bizc waec `obidowt gakkcgtoak+

24+ Jvae Ei ta Wc~tcefcv 6>>6( tbcvc ow gakwodcvifhc czodckgc tbit tbcmvas~ }iw ckmimcd ok ~hikkokm ik ittigl+ Pivliaso ow katcd tihlokm taik Ihmcvoik ifast i eiksih( ~ocgcw( ~a}dcv }otb ecvgsv( }bogb tbc

Otihoikw vciwakifh gakghsdcd }iw i vcjcvckgc ta ecvgsv w}otgba~cvitcd dctakitavw+ "Tbcwc ivc swcd ta dctakitc OCDw/+ Bc ikd Gbcvojdowgswwcd aftiokokm i ~owtah ok tbc gaktcrt aj vc~higokm akc ihvcidfcokm a}kcd f akc aj tbce+ Tbc aftiokokm aj jihwc dagsecktw jav

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ecefcvw aj tbc mvas~ gaktokscd+ Ak 9 Wc~tcefcv 6>>6( Wiheikcw~alc aj ~vc~ivokm jav i miec aj jaatfihh ikd ijtcv Lavikog ysatitoakwak tbc dst ta okjave atbcvw( wiod0 tbc miec ow vcid}c }ohh }ok(ih}iw zogtavoasw) Tbcvc ow ka dcjcit)+++]c taa bizc ta dc~ivt oj Mad wa}ohhw++ Tbit }iw wcck iw i vcjcvckgc ta hcizokm ta givv ast tbc

~vamvieec }bogb wtvckmtbckw tbc jiotb+ Wiheikc iwlcd bowoktcvhagstav ta dcgodc waak ak }bctbcv bc }iktcd ta ~ivtogo~itc+ Bcvikm ta wi tbit bc }ashd+ Wiheikc wiod tbit bc }ashd bizc ta wccGbcvoj ikd tbc mvas~ ifast ~vc~ivokm i ~vamvieec jav boe< bc }iw ihwa}ohhokm ta dc~ivt oj Mad }ohhcd+

23+ Ak 7 Wc~tcefcv( tbc }bahc mvas~ }iw vcid jav }bit }iw i wtojhcdvcjcvckgc ta `obid+ Gcvtiok odcktot dagsecktw }cvc ta fc aftiokcd javtbc `asvkc+ Tbcvc }cvc waec bciz tbokmw ta fc gahhcgtcd( }bogb owiwwcwwcd ta fc eakc boddck waec}bcvc< i wsfwtiktoih ieaskt ajgaokimc( 43>> Csva( }iw jaskd skdcv tbc vciv wcit aj i giv swcd f

Gbcvoj ikd tbcvc }cvc atbcv ws~~avtokm wombtokmw aj tbc okdozodsihw+

2:+ Tbc Otihoikw jcht tbit tbc bid ta eilc ivvcwtw ak ifast 67 Wc~tcefcv okavdcv ta wta~ tbc miec tilokm ~higc+ It zivoasw toecw fct}cck tbcovivvcwt ok Wc~tcefcv 6>>6 ikd 6>>3( jasv ecefcvw aj tbc mvas~ }cvctvocd jav tcvvavowt vchitcd gbivmcw ok Otih+ Kakc }cvc gakzogtcd ak tbawcgbivmcw( ihtbasmb Kiwwoe( Gbcvoj ikd Wiheikc }cvc gakzogtcd ajjavmcd dagseckt ajjckgcw+ Pivliaso }iw gakzogtcd aj iwwowtokm ohhcmihoeeomvitoak+ Fasiboi }iw crtvidotcd jvae Eihti ikd hitcv igysottcd ajihh gbivmcw+ Pivliaso }iw wcktckgcd ta tbvcc civw ok ~vowak fst }iwvchciwcd ok Agtafcv 6>>7< bc ow crghsdcd jvae tbc SL ak kitoakihwcgsvot mvaskdw+ "Bc ow kat Ih Pivli}o( dcgciwcd( aj okjie ok Oviy/+IW }iw igysottcd ok ifwcktoi aj tcvvavowt gbivmcw fst }iw gakzogtcd ajjavmcv ajjckgcw+ Tbawc igysottihw bizc kat ihtcvcd tbc WWBDw zoc} aj}bit tbc mvas~ }iw daokm av aj IW vahc ok ot+

2=+ Ihtbasmb tbc Gaeeowwoak dacw kat bizc tbc vciwakcd `sdmeckt aj tbcOtihoik Gasvt ok IW giwc hcidokm ta bow gakzogtoak ok @iksiv 6>>=( ot}iw ws~~hocd ijtcv tbc WOIG bcivokm }otb tbc vciwakcd `sdmeckt aj tbcGasvt ok vcw~cgt aj tbc tvoih aj tbc atbcv dcjckdiktw ok 6>>3+ Tbc OtihoikGasvt iggc~tcd tbit jasv aj tbc dcjckdiktw }ba }cvc ~vcwckt }cvc ~ivt

aj i hivmcv mvas~ ok }bogb atbcv kiecd dcjckdiktw ikd IW ~ivtogo~itcd(wbivokm i gaeeak Owhieog jskdiecktihowt zoc}~aokt+

22+ Ot }iw kat ~awwofhc( ok tbc zoc} aj tbc Otihoik Gasvt( ta odcktoj jsvtbcv i~ivtogshiv mvas~ ifvaid ta }bogb tbc eombt idbcvc( }bctbcv Ih Yicdiav ok Ovik+ Tbow ecikt tbit tbcvc }iw ka bowtavog eitcvoih jvae }bogb otwioew gashd fc dcdsgcd+ Ot }iw kat wsjjogockt woe~h ta gbivigtcvowc tbceiw Owhieog jskdiecktihowtw( ta wba} tbit waec jskdiecktihowtw givvocdast igtw aj tcvvavowt zoahckgc( ikd ta wi tbit tbit ow }bit tbcwcdcjckdiktw }cvc tbcvcjavc ~hikkokm ta da+ Tbc eombt fc oktckdokm tagakjokc tbcewchzcw ta a~~awotoak f }avdw av ta skdcvtilc zoahckt

igtozot atbcv tbik tcvvavowe( iw dcjokcd ok Otihoik hi}+

2?+ Tbc ~awwcwwoak aj vojhcw ikd bikdmskw( zodca giecviw( fokagshivw ikdghatbokm }iw kat wsjjogockt ta ~vazc tcvvavowt oktckt( ok tbc zoc} aj tbc

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Otihoik Gasvt( fcgiswc tbc eombt bizc fcck aftiokcd jav waec atbcvzoahckt gvoeokih cktcv~vowc( ~cvbi~w dvsm dcihokm+ Kav dod tbc dcihokm okjihwc dagsecktw ~vazc tbit tbc }cvc wct s~ak igtw aj tcvvavowe+ Gadcdhikmsimc( tbc kitsvc aj tbc gadc ikd wcgsvot i}ivckcww dod kat wba}tbit ot }iw tcvvavowt iw a~~awcd ta atbcv gvoeokih igtozot s~ak }bogb tbc

}cvc ckmimcd+ ]bit tbc Otihoik Gasvt }iw haalokm jav }iw czodckgc}bogb }ashd ~vazc fcakd i vciwakifhc dasft tbit fcbokd ot ihh }iw i~vcgowc ikd jvsotjsh tviokokm aj i eohotiv av ~ivieohotiv t~c w~cgojog tatbc kccdw aj i tcvvavowt gchh+

?>+ Bizokm gakwodcvcd ihh tbc czodckgc( tbc Otihoik Gasvt }iw aj tbc zoc}tbit ot bid kat fcck ifwahstch cwtifhowbcd tbit tbc ~hik }bogb tbcdcjckdiktw oktckdcd ta ~svwsc }iw ta givv ast zoahckt igtw aj ikskcysozagihh tcvvavowt kitsvc+ Tbcvc }iw ik odcahamogih av vchomoasweatozitoak ta ~ivtogo~itc ok bah }iv imiokwt tbc okjodch wsgb iw tbc SWI(otw ihhocw av Owvich( }ba }cvc ~vcwckt ak hikdw }bogb tbc gakwodcvcd

Eswhoe+ Tbc }cvc ok tbc tvikwotoak wtimc ta igtoak( }bogb }iw oeeokckt}bck tbc }cvc ivvcwtcd+ Fst }bcvc ikd ok }bit jave }iw skgcvtiok0 otgashd bizc fcck ak}ivd jvae Ovik ta Ijmbikowtik( Eihiwoi avchwc}bcvc< ot eombt bizc bid ta i}iot okwtvsgtoakw jvae tbawc ok Ovik ta}bae tbc Gasvt ws~~awcd tbit tbc mvas~ }ashd ma fcjavc vitbcv tbikijtcv tbc ittigl+ Ot gashd bizc fcck i wsogodc ittigl av kat+ Tbc }cvc~vc~ivcd ta tilc ~ivt ok }ivholc igtozotocw( ta wigvojogc tbcewchzcw javtbcov jiotb( ikd }cvc ~vc~ivcd ta givv ast tcvvavowt ittiglw< fst tbc igtwf }bogb tbc }ashd da tbit bid kat fcck eidc wsjjogockth ghciv+ Tbcvc}iw ka ~vaaj tbit tbc igtsihh }ashd givv ast tcvvavowt ittiglw av tbittbc bid igtsihh ~hikkcd wsgb ittiglw ~va~cvh+ Tbc tviokokm }bogb tbcbid bid ok Ijmbikowtik }ashd bizc fcck eavc vchczikt ta mscvvohhi }ivtbik ta tcvvavowt ittiglw+

?9+ Tbc Otihoik Gasvt vcgamkowcd tbc ~vafitozc dojjogshtocw }bogb }cvc jigcdok ~vazokm ik ajjckgc skdcv tbc vchczikt Ivtoghc aj tbc Otihoik Gadc fsttbit dod kat ecik tbit tbc Gasvt gashd omkavc tbc czodcktoih mi~w+ Otkakctbchcww ~iwwcd waec gaeeckt ak tbc vahc aj okdozodsihw okghsdokmIW+ Ot wiod tbit Hatjo }iw tbc hcid eik ok eik gakzcvwitoakw( fst tbitIW igtcd iw tbc hcidcv ok ihh tbc civh ijjiovw aj tbc mvas~ ihtbasmb bow~awotoak }iw zimscv tbik atbcvw ikd bc bid fcck dctiokcd ifvaid iw

tbc mvas~ eazcd ak ta igtoak+

?6+ Ok ~iwwokm wcktckgc jav tbc jihwc dagseckt ajjckgcw( tbc Otihoik Gasvtjaskd tbit tbcvc }cvc ka mckcvih crtcksitokm govgsewtikgcw0 tbow igtozot}iw ~ivt aj i ~ivtogshivh dikmcvasw ckzovakeckt ta chcecktw aj wagoct}bogb wbashd fc ~vatcgtcd+ Tbow dikmcvasw ckzovakeckt }iw bawtohc taOtihoik wagoct ikd akc jvae }bogb zivoasw zoahckt ~hikw cecvmcd0 ikdihtbasmb tbc gashd kat fc wba}k ta fc aj i tcvvavowt kitsvc( ot gashdgcvtiokh fc wtitcd tbit tbcov igtoakw }ashd bizc wcvoaswh tbvcitckcdtbc hozcw aj atbcvw( ~vcwseifh ifvaid( igtoakw }bogb }cvc dcwtokcd tadczcha~ tbc `obid ~va`cgt iw i }bahc+ Tbc dcjckdiktw oktckdcd ta

gaeeot zoahckt igtw }bogb tbc `swtojocd ikd ba~cd jav+ Tbc swc aj jihwcdagsecktw }iw ihh ~ivt aj tbc ~hik+

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23/107

?7+ Tbc Otihoik Gasvt gakghsdcd tbit tbc ~vazck dikmcv ta wagoct( tbc higlaj skdcvwtikdokm aj tbc vshcw aj gozohot ikd tahcvikgc( tbc gbaogc ta~svwsc tbcov odciw f zoahckt ecikw vcysovcd tbcov cr~shwoak ijtcvwcvzogc aj tbcov wcktckgc+

?4+ IW biw fcck ~higcd ak tbc howt aj okdozodsihw iwwagoitcd }otb ih Yicdicwtifhowbcd ikd eioktiokcd f tbc SK Wcgsvot Gaskgoh( tbc 96:=Vcwahstoak howt+ Bc }iw ~st ak ot ok Kazcefcv 6>>7 iw i vcwsht aj tbcvcgaeeckditoak aj tbc Otihoik Eokowtv aj Cgakae ikd Jokikgc ihakm}otb atbcv ecefcvw aj tbc Eohik gchh+ Ot ow kat ghciv ta sw tbit tbit owfiwcd ak ik eavc eitcvoih tbik tbit }bogb }c bizc wcck jvae tbcOtihoik ~vawcgstavw+ Ot ow skholch tbit tbit howtokm gik idd ta tbcwomkojogikgc aj tbit }bogb }c bizc ihvcid asthokcd+

?3+ Tbc vceiokokm eittcvw s~ak }bogb tbc WWBD vchocw ok a~ck ws~~avt bowmckcvih zoc} aj IW fst ivc kat aj tbcewchzcw aj mvcit oe~avtikgc+ Tbc

vcokjavgc tbc iwwcwweckt tbit IW ow ik crtvceowt( ikd i ws~~avtcv ajzoahckgc ok tbc Owhieowt giswc+ I dvi}okm( }bogb dc~ogtcd ik iwwishtvojhc ikd i mvckidc idavkcd }otb Owhieowt whamikw ok Ivifog( }iw wcopcdjvae IW ~vowak gchh+ Ot ow skholch tbit bow gchheitc bid fcck vcw~akwofhc+Ok Ismswt 6>>3( IW vcgcozcd waec DZDw ok tbc ~awt+ Tbcwc okghsdcd

Tbc T}ok Ta}cvwikd Ih Yicdi>6 ikd tbit tbcvc ivc ka

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vcgavdw aj tchc~bakc gaktigt fct}cck boe ikd tbc mvas~ ijtcv 69 Eivgb6>>6 }bck bc bid gaec ta tbc SL+ Fst bc wiw ka eavc ifast }baebc lkc} av }bit bc }iw daokm ok Otih av tbc Kctbcvhikdw( av }bit tbcgakzcvwitoakw eombt bizc ecikt+ Tbcvc ow i gakwodcvifhc ieaskt ajOtihoik ~vawcgstokm eitcvoih }bogb gashd bizc fcck ikw}cvcd okwtcid aj

tbc ecvc fhikd dckoih aj tbc giwc imiokwt boe+ Bc dacw kat czck cr~hiok}b bc swcd wa eik jihwc kiecw ikd odcktotocw< bc dacw kat i~~civ tadck tbit bc bid tbce+ Tbcvc ei fc vciwakw }b bc ow vchsgtikt tamozc jsvtbcv czodckgc ok tbow i~~cih }bogb ivc skdcvwtikdifhc+ ]c ivckat ~vc~ivcd ta dvi} idzcvwc okjcvckgcw jvae tbit vchsgtikgc( ihtbasmbasv vciwakw }ashd vcjhcgt eavc IW jcivw aj w~cgojog wchj%okgvoeokitoak avokdovcgt okgvoeokitoak( vitbcv tbik ihh tbc ~aoktw }bogb hcd tbcGaeeowwoak ta dvi} ka idzcvwc okjcvckgcw jvae wohckgc ok tbc îvt 4ITGWI giwcw+ Ba}czcv( ot dacw ecik tbit tbcvc ow ka jsvtbcvcr~hikitoak jvae IW aj tbow eitcvoih+

??+ Ok asv zoc}( tbcvc ghcivh }iw i mvas~ aj eck }otb crtvceowt Owhieowtzoc}w( ws~~avtozc aj zoahckgc imiokwt tbc ]cwt( }bogb bid fcck igtokmtamctbcv jav waec toec ok tbc }iw }c bizc wct ast( okghsdokm vcgvsotokmjav Ih Yicdi( viowokm eakc jav tcvvavowt igtozotocw ikd aftiokokm jihwcodcktot dagsecktw jav tbit ~sv~awc+ Tbow mvas~ gik ~va~cvh fcvcmivdcd iw i wcvoasw tcvvavowt mvas~+ Ot i~~civw holch tbit tbc vctsvk ajKiwwoe jvae Ovik }otb i ecwwimc jav IW }iw ik oe~avtikt czckt+ Tbow~vafifh igtozitcd tbce( ~vazodokm tbce }otb eakc ikd mozokm tbce itiwl( w~cgojog av fvaidh cr~vcwwcd+ ]c vcmivd tbc akh wckwofhcokjcvckgc iw fcokm tbit tbc mvas~ tbcvcijtcv }iw ~vc~ivokm jav zoahckgcok tbc òbidowt giswc ~vafifh waec}bcvc ok Csva~c( fst ot gashd bizcfcck ok Ijmbikowtik av Oviy+ ]c fchoczc tbit tbc igtoak }iw ~vafifhoktckdcd waec}bcvc ok Csva~c fcgiswc aj tbc cyso~eckt }bogb tbcmvas~ bid iwwcefhcd }bogb }ashd bizc fcck ik skkcgcwwivckgsefvikgc oj tbc igtoak bid fcck oktckdcd jav Ijmbikowtik av Oviy+Tbc crowtckgc aj zowiw jav Ovik dacw kat wba} tbit Ovik }iw i wtimokm~awt jav ik ittigl vitbcv tbik ~ivt aj i ~awt ittigl cwgi~c wtvitcm+Tbcvc ow ka atbcv }i ok asv zoc} aj eilokm wckwc aj tbc tatihot aj tbca~ck eitcvoih+ Ot ow tvsc tbit tbcvc }iw ka czodckgc aj tbc dctiohw aj tbc~hikkcd a~cvitoak wsgb iw tivmct( gasktv( av eadc aj ittigl+ îvt ajtbit gashd fc da}k ta wcgsvot gakwgoaswkcww< ot ei fc tbit tbc igtoak

}iw kat iw oeeokckt iw tbc Otihoikw tbasmbt+ Tbow miec ow ba}czcveawt skholch ta bizc fcck atbcv tbik i gadcd ecti~bav jav zoahcktigtoak waec}bcvc imiokwt ]cwtcvk oktcvcwtw+

9>>+ ]c ihwa iggc~t tbit IW lkc} tbc ecefcvw aj tbc mvas~ ikd bid fcck~ivt aj ot s~ ta 69 Eivgb 6>>6+ ]c gakghsdc tbit bc }iw i bombhvcw~cgtcd ecefcv aj tbc mvas~ ikd tbit bc ei }chh bizc fcck otwhcidcv jav i }bohc( jvae tbc vcjcvckgcw ta boe f mvas~ ecefcvw iwwbcolb( i tcve aj vcw~cgt( ikd ~ivtogshivh fcgiswc bc vcgcozcd tbcecwwimc( }otb eakc( }bogb Kiwwoe fvasmbt figl jvae Ovik< ot }iw javboe+ Bc ~iwwcd ak okwtvsgtoakw ta tbc mvas~+ Tbc ~vafifhc okjcvckgc ow

tbit tbit igtozitcd tbc mvas~ okta tbc eavc wcvoasw ~hikkokm ~biwc jav otwa~cvitoak+ Bc tbcvcijtcv gbikmcd bow hagitoak ysotc vi~odh ikd jcht ifhcta fc ysotc dceikdokm aj bow iwwagoitcw+ ]c da kat iggc~t tbcwsmmcwtoak tbit tbc akh eitcvoih ok a~ck imiokwt boe jvae tbc Otihoikw ow

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tbit bc aftiokcd i jihwc ~iww~avt+ Tbit ow woe~h ta omkavc ihh tbcwsvvaskdokm czodckgc ifast boe+ Tbcvc ow ka dasft( jvae tbc czodckgc(aj tbc vikmc aj crtvceowtw }otb }bae bc }iw ok gaktigt+ Bc }ashd bizclka}k jshh aj tbc igtozotocw aj tbc mvas~ }bck bc }iw ok Eohik ikd tbcKctbcvhikdw( ikd }bit tbc kitsvc aj tbc tiwl }iw0 `obidowt zoahckgc

~vafifh waec}bcvc ok Csva~c+ Ot gashd fc oe~avtikt jav tbc hcidcv ajtbc mvas~ ta lcc~ boewchj i}i jvae istbavotocw }ba }ashd oktcvjcvc }otbboe iw i~~civcd ta bizc fcck IW jciv ok Otih ikd imiok ok tbcKctbcvhikdw+ Ba}czcv( ~vcgowch }ba oj ikakc }iw tbc hcidcv ow kattbit oe~avtikt< bc }iw ik oe~avtikt( hcidokm ecefcv it hciwt+

9>9+ Tbc jigt tbit tbc Otihoik Gasvt dod kat jokd tbc tcvvavowt gakw~ovig ~vazcdfcakd vciwakifhc dasft( }otb tbc w~cgojogot }bogb otw hi} vcysovcd(dacw kat doeokowb tbc oe~avtikgc aj tbc mckcvih gakghswoakw ifast}bogb ot }iw witowjocd+ Tbcwc dceakwtvitc fcakd dasft tbc kitsvc ajtbc mvas~ ikd otw igtozc zoahckt `obidowt oktcktoakw+ Tbow ow tbc mvas~ aj

}bogb IW }iw i womkojogikt ~ivt ak ik zoc} ikd ok }bogb bc ~vafifhbid i hcidokm vahc s~ ta bow dc~ivtsvc jav tbc SL+ Bc }iw ik oe~avtikt~ivt aj fvokmokm tbc mvas~ ta tbc wtimc it }bogb ot gashd ~hik w~cgojogihhjav tbc igtw aj zoahckgc }bogb f Wc~tcefcv 6>>6( }cvc ysotc ~vafifhoeeokckt( ikd jav }bogb }c gakghsdc bc mizc tbce okwtvsgtoakw fvasmbtta boe zoi Kiwwoe+ ]c jokd ot dojjogsht ta wcc tbit tbc igtw aj zoahckgc}bogb tbc mvas~ }iw wct ta ~cv~ctvitc gashd bizc fcck atbcv tbiktcvvavowt igtw+ Tbc ~vcgowc kitsvc ikd hagitoak aj tbc zoahckgc gashd katfc ~vazcd( fst czck oj tbawc eittcvw }cvc sklka}k }otb ~vcgowoak ta IW}bck bc hcjt tbc Kctbcvhikdw( " ikd tbc eombt bizc fcck ta ~vagccd taOvik ta vcgcozc jokih avdcvw/( tbit dacw kat doeokowb tbc tbvcit bc ~awcwta tbc kitoakih wcgsvot aj tbc SL+

9>6+ Tbc eavc tchhokm ~aoktw }bogb Ev Jvocdeik eidc ifast tbow eitcvoihvchitcd ta tbc ~awotoak aj IW ijtcv 69 Eivgb 6>>6+ Tbcvc ivc ka vcgavdwaj tbc mvas~ fcokm ok gaktigt }otb boe s~ ta bow ivvcwt av czck vcjcvvokmta boe ok tbcov tchc~bakc gakzcvwitoakw( }otb akc crgc~toak+ Tbcvc }iwi tchc~bakc gihh wbavth fcjavc tbc Wc~tcefcv ivvcwtw f i mvas~ecefcv }bogb eilcw ot ghciv tbit tbc bizc kat fcck ok tasgb }otb IWjav waec toec+ Tbc s~wbat ow tbit Hatjo tahd Pivliaso tbit bc bid fcckskifhc ta eilc gaktigt }otb IW dcw~otc tvokm ta vokm boe+ Ot gikkat fc

okjcvvcd tbit tbit ifwckgc aj gaktigt }iw fcgiswc tbc mvas~ lkc} tbitIW }iw ok ~vowak< tbc gakzcvwitoak dacw kat wsmmcwt tbit+ Tbc higl ajgaktigt ei kat bizc fcck jav }ikt aj tvokm fst ot ow ~awwofhc( iw tbcWWBD wsmmcwtw( tbit IW }iw wsjjogockth gakgcvkcd ifast bow wcgsvot oktbow gasktv tbit bc }iktcd ta dva~ gaktigt+ Tbit }ashd wsmmcwt tbitbizokm igtozitcd tbc gchh( bc gciwcd ta bizc iktbokm esgb ta da }otb ot+Waecakc chwc fcgiec vcjcvvcd ta iw wbcolb( Gbcvoj+ Ot ow dojjogsht tawi tbcvcjavc ba} jiv tbc ~ivt ~hicd ijtcv Eivgb 6>>6 f IW }ckt+Okdccd( tbcvc ow oktcvgc~t czodckgc jvae @skc 6>>6 aj Kiwwoe fcokm tahdaj IWw ivvcwt ikd aj bow fcokm iggswcd aj tcvvavowt ajjckgcw( }bogb hcidwta i fvocj dowgswwoak ta tbc cjjcgt tbit tbit ow sk`swt fcgiswc IW biw

dakc katbokm+ Tbcvc ow katbokm ta wsmmcwt tbit tbc mvas~ biw hawt otwhcidcv+

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9>7+ Ba}czcv( jvae tbc vciwakcd `sdmeckt aj tbc Otihoik Gasvt dcihokm }otbtbc atbcv dcjckdiktw ok Ei 6>>3( }bogb tbc Gaeeowwoak dod katvcgcozc sktoh ijtcv otw bcivokm bid gakghsdcd( tbcvc da i~~civ ta bizcfcck gaktigtw ijtcv 69 Eivgb 6>>6( ihtbasmb ot ow dojjogsht ta ittvofstc~ivtogshiv womkojogikgc ta tbce< wcc ~~ 937%9:7+

9>4+ Ot ow asv gakghswoak tbit ak tbc a~ck czodckgc ihakc IW ow i ghcivdikmcv ta kitoakih wcgsvot+ Bc ow ik Owhieowt crtvceowt }ba biwckmimcd igtozch ikd iw i wckoav ecefcv }otb i tcvvavowt mvas~ ghcivhckmimcd ok ws~~avt }avl jav `obidowt igtozotocw+ Bc }iw i hcidokm ~ivt ajot fcjavc otw eavc w~cgojog ~hikkokm aj tcvvavowt zoahckgc fcmik+ Tbit}ashd fc wsjjogockt ta eilc boe i dikmcv ta kitoakih wcgsvot+ Ba}czcv(bc ihwa mizc ot okwtvsgtoakw ijtcv Kiwwoe vctsvkcd jvae Ovik( }bogb }cvc~vafifh ta ~hik jav ikd ta givv ast zoahckt igtoakw dovcgtcd imiokwt]cwtcvk oktcvcwtw( }bogb }iw ~vafifh oktckdcd ta tilc ~higc ok Csva~c+Tbc atbcv afzoasw ~awwofohotocw okghsdc igtoak ok Ijmbikowtik ikd Oviy+

Tbc mvas~ dod ~hik wsgb zoahckgc ikd wct ast ta igboczc ot+ ]c ivc ysotcwitowjocd tbit IW }ohh vcwsec tbcwc igtozotocw }bck bc ow ifhc ta da wa+Tbc ~vawgvo~toak aj tbc HOJM ow aj ka gakwcysckgc ta IW+ Ok wa jiv iwik igtozotocw vchocd ak aggsvvcd fcjavc 6>>>( tbc vchitc ta bow mhafih`obidowt asthaal+ Asv gakghswoakw ivc vcokjavgcd f tbc ghawcd czodckgc+

9>3+ Ev Jvocdeik svmcd tbit }c wbashd jave asv a}k zoc} aj tbc czodckgcikd kat ida~t( ast aj dcjcvckgc( tbc zoc}w aj tbc Wcgsvot Wcvzogc }bogbEv Fsvkctt wiod }iw zcv swcd ta iwwcwwokm tbc womkojogikgc aj eitcvoihwsgb iw tbow+ ]c vcgamkowc tbit tbc Wcgsvot Wcvzogc biw cr~cvockgc oktbow ivci fst tbow ow kat ik ivci jav dcjcvckgc+ ]c bizc javecd asv a}kzoc} aj tbc eitcvoih tilokm okta iggaskt tbc zoc}w aj tbc WcgsvotWcvzogc+

Tbc Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak

9>:+ DD }ak bow iwhse i~~cih ihtbasmb bc biw kat ct fcck mviktcdOkdcjokotc Hcizc ta Vceiok+ IW biw kat bid bow ghioe dctcveokcdwsfwtiktozch fcgiswc ot ow wiod f tbc SL tbit tbit wtohh vceiokw tbcvcw~akwofohot aj Otih+ ]c ~va~awc ta gakwodcv DDw ~awotoak ak tbc fiwowtbit bc biw fcck vcgamkowcd iw i vcjsmcc( ikd IWw ak tbc fiwow tbit bc

biw ik i~~hogitoak astwtikdokm }bogb ot }ohh fc jav tbc SL ta gakwodcvwsfwtiktozch+

9>=+ ]c ida~t fst vc~cit jav gakzckockgc }bit tbc Gaeeowwoak dcgodcd oktbc giwc aj _( ik Ihmcvoik( WG!7:!6>>3 64 Ismswt 6>>:+ Tbc WWBDgaktckdw jovwt tbit tbc Gakzcktoak ka hakmcv i~~hocw ta ~vatcgt DD jvaedc~avtitoak fcgiswc tbc govgsewtikgcw ok gakkcgtoak }otb }bogb tbcI~~chhikt }iw vcgamkowcd iw i vcjsmcc bizc gciwcd ta crowt( iw ot owka} wijc jav boe ta vctsvk ta Hofi ok tbc hombt aj tbc Eceavikdse ajSkdcvwtikdokm fct}cck tbc SL ikd Hofi< Ivtoghc 9G"3/+ Wcgakdh bcgaktckdw tbit DDw tcvvavowt igtoakw giswc boe ta fc crghsdcd jvae otw

~vatcgtoak skdcv Ivtoghc 9J "g/( ikd tbovdh tbit DD gikkat ghioe tbc~vatcgtoak aj tbc kak%vcjashceckt afhomitoak ok Ivtoghc 77 "9/ fcgiswc(skdcv Ivtoghc 77"6/( tbcvc ivc vciwakifhc mvaskdw jav fchoczokm boe ta fc

6:


27/107

i dikmcv ta tbc wcgsvot aj tbc SL+ Ihtbasmb tbc jovwt owwsc dacw kativowc ok tbit w~cgojog }i ok IW giwc( tbc atbcv t}a da ivowc+

9>2+ DD gaktckdw tbit ot ow jav tbc WWBD ta wba}( ok zoc} aj bow vcgamkotoakiw i vcjsmcc( tbit tbc govgsewtikgcw }bogb hcd ta tbit mvikt bizc

gbikmcd( ikd bizc gbikmcd ok i wsjjogockth ~vajaskd ikd ckdsvokm i}i jav tbc botbcvta iggc~tcd kccd jav oktcvkitoakih ~vatcgtoak ta bizcgciwcd+ Tbc WWBD gaktckdcd tbit tbc govgsewtikgcw bid gbikmcdwsjjogockth+ Tbawc wsfeowwoakw ivc fcwt dciht }otb ijtcv gakwodcvitoak ajtbc czodckgc ok vchitoak ta wijct ak vctsvk+

9>?+ DD kcrt gaktckdw tbit ot ow kat a~ck ta tbc WWBD ta vch s~ak Ivtoghc 9J"g/( tbc crghswoak ~vazowoak( fcgiswc tbc igtw }bogb tbc WWBD vchocw akaggsvvcd ijtcv bc bid }ak bow i~~cih( ok }bogb bow wtitsw iw i vcjsmcc}iw vcgamkowcd+

99>+ Tbc vchczikt ~vazowoakw aj tbc Gakzcktoak ivc iw jahha}w0Ivtoghc 9J0

Tbc ~vazowoakw aj tbow Gakzcktoak wbihh kat i~~h ta ik ~cvwak }otbvcw~cgt ta }bae tbcvc ivc wcvoasw vciwakw jav gakwodcvokm tbit0

"i/ bc biw gaeeottcd i gvoec imiokwt ~cigc( i }iv gvoec( av i gvoecimiokwt bseikot iw dcjokcd ok tbc oktcvkitoakih okwtvsecktw dvi}ks~ ta eilc ~vazowoak ok vcw~cgt aj wsgb gvoecw>3U C]GI Goz 9472 it ~ivi+64( ot dod

kat gakwodcv tbc toec owwsc viowcd ok tbow giwc+

997+ Tbc WWBD vchocd s~ak i dcgowoak aj tbc OIT ok LL z WWBD \6>>4USLOIT >>9>9 ok }bogb ot bid bchd 0

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2: Ok ^swb~ikitbik( iw }c bizc wcck( tbc Ws~vcec Gasvt aj

Gikidi dowtokmsowbcd fct}cck Ivtoghcw 76 ikd 77 ikd Ivtoghc 9J"f/+Fst ot dacw kat ok asv zoc} jahha} tbit tbc ecvc jigt tbit i ~cvwakwitowjocw tbc vcysovcecktw aj Ivtoghc 9 fcjavc bc gaeeotw tbc igt

odcktojocd iw giswokm crghswoak skdcv Ivtoghc 9J"g/ ckifhcw boe ta witbit bc gaktokscw ta fc i vcjsmcc+ Ivtoghc 9J"g/ dacw kat gaktiok tbc}avdw Astwodc tbc gasktv aj vcjsmc ~voav ta bow ideowwoak ta tbitgasktv iw i vcjsmcc( }bogb ivc jaskd ok Ivtoghc 9J"f/+ Tbcvc ow kavciwak it ihh ta ws~~awc tbit tbit dojjcvckgc ow iggodcktih+ Igtw }bogbecvot tbc gakdcekitoak aj tbc }bahc oktcvkitoakih gaeeskot eswthcid ta crghswoak jvae tbc fckcjotw aj tbc Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak }bckczcv tbc aggsv+

2=+ Ivtoghc 9J "g/ ow kat hoeotcd ta igtw gaeeottcd fcjavc aftiokokmvcjsmc+ Oj bc bid fcck vcgamkowcd iw i vcjsmcc civhocv( ot }ashd eilc

ka dojjcvckgc ka}+

22 ]bcvc( tbcvcjavc( tbcvc ivc wcvoasw vciwakw jav gakwodcvokm tbitik igt gaktviv ta tbc ~sv~awcw ikd ~vokgo~hcw aj tbc Skotcd Kitoakwbiw fcck gaeeottcd( ot dacw kat eittcv }bck av }bcvc ot }iwgaeeottcd( av }bctbcv ot ow gitcmavowcd f eskogo~ih hi} iw i gvoec+Ot hcidw ta crghswoak jvae tbc Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak++

2? Tbow oktcv~vctitoak aj tbc vchczikt ghiswcw aj tbc VcjsmccGakzcktoak ow cktovch gabcvckt ikd wckwofhc+ Ot odcktojocw }bit igtw}ohh hcid ta crghswoak dcw~otc tbcov fcokm ~ahotogih+ I ~cvwak }bawcigtw "it ik toec/ ivc gaktviv ta tbc ~sv~awcw ikd ~vokgo~hcw aj tbcSkotcd Kitoakw dowysihojocw boewchj jvae ~vatcgtoak skdcv tbc SkotcdKitoakw Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak+

994+ ]c da kat jokd iwwowtikgc ok tbc WOIG dcgowoak aj G z WWBD WG!=!6>>6(ik ITGWI i~~cih( fcgiswc tbc ~vokgo~ih owwsc ta }bogb tbc vceivlwtbcvc }cvc iddvcwwcd }iw vcgamkotoak iw i vcjsmcc ok omkavikgc aj jigtw}bogb }ashd bizc hcid ta bow crghswoak oj lka}k+ Tbit ow kat tbow giwc+

993+ ]c ~vcjcv tbc vciwakokm ok LL ta tbc dogti ok ^swb~ikitbik+ Ot ow jiv

jvae ghciv tbit( ok tbc gaeecktw vchocd ak f DD( tbc GikidoikWs~vcec Gasvt }iw iddvcwwokm tbc owwsc }otb }bogb }c ivc gakgcvkcd+Otw hikmsimc ow eavc i~t jav tbc ~awotoak }bcvc ~voav gakdsgt akh

fcgaecw lka}k ijtcv vcgamkotoak iw i vcjsmcc+ Tbc hikmsimc ow }biteombt bizc fcck cr~cgtcd oj tbc owwsc }cvc fcokm gakwodcvcd eavcmckcvihh( vitbcv iw ok G z WWBD+

99:+ Ot ow ghciv ta sw tbit tbc crghswoak av dowi~~hogitoak ~vazowoakw aj Ivtoghc 9gaktiok ka ~vokgo~hc }bcvcf tbc ivc dc~ckdikt ak czcktw }bogb~vcgcdc tbc dcgowoak iw ta }bctbcv av kat i ~cvwak ow i vcjsmcc( crgc~t}bcvc tbc hikmsimc ow ghciv+ Ivtoghc 9G ow akh i~~hogifhc ijtcv

vcgamkotoak iw i vcjsmcc+ Ivtoghc 9C i~~civw cysihh i~~hogifhc ta czcktw}bogb aggsv fcjavc ikd ijtcv vcgamkotoak+ Ivtoghc 9J"f/ ow w~cgojogihhhoeotcd ta czcktw fcjavc ideowwoak iw i vcjsmcc+ Tbit ow ~ivtogshivhoe~avtikt fcgiswc ot wtikdw ok ghciv gaktviwt ta tbc higl aj ik wsgb hoeotok 9J "i/ ikd "g/< ot }ashd bizc fcck ciw ta okghsdc ot iw i mckcvih

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~vazowa bid ot fcck oktckdcd+ Ot ihwa gaktiokw i mcamvi~bogih ~vazowatbit tbc gvoec fc gaeeottcd astwodc tbc gasktv aj vcjsmc( }bogb ow katokghsdcd ok 9J "g/< tbit taa ow vchczikt ta tbc ivmseckt ifast tbctce~avih vchitoakwbo~ fct}cck igtw fcjavc av ijtcv cktv ta tbc gasktv ajvcjsmc+

99=+ Fcokm av fcgaeokm i vcjsmcciw dcjokcd ok tbc Gakzcktoak dacw katvcysovc av wtivt }otb i javeih wtitc igt aj vcgamkotoak aj wtitsw+ I ~cvwakwoe~h ow av ow kat i vcjsmcc }otbok Ivtoghc 9I+ Tbc ei fc crghsdcdjvae tbit dcjokotoak ok govgsewtikgcw ok }bogb tbc }ashd atbcv}owc jihh}otbok tbc dcjokotoak+ Ce~biwow s~ak tbc ~aokt ok toec it }bogb ikokdozodsih vcgcozcw javeih vcgamkotoak f i wtitc iw jihhokm }otbok tbcdcjokotoak( swsihh }otb ik iwwagoitcd oeeomvitoak wtitsw( }ohh tckd taafwgsvc tbc tvsc owwsc+

992+ Tbcvc ow ka vciwak }otbok tbc wtvsgtsvc aj tbc Gakzcktoak av ok tbc ~ahog

fcbokd tbc crghswoak ~vazowoakw jav tvcitokm waecakc }ba gaeeotw }ivgvoecw av igtw aj tcvvav fcjavc tbc javeih vcgamkotoak f i wtitc aj tbcjigt tbit bc jihhw }otbok Ivtoghc 9( dojjcvckth jvae waecakc }ba dacw tbcwiec igtw ijtcv}ivdw+ Tbit ittvofstcw azcvesgb }combt ta javeihvcgamkotoak ikd kat ckasmb ta tbc wga~c aj tbc dcjokotoak ~vazowoak+Vitbcv( tbc ce~biwow ok ^swb~ikitbik ow ak tbc vitoakihc tbit tbawc}ba ivc vcw~akwofhc jav igtw }bogb gvcitc vcjsmccw( av jav atbcv igtwwcck iw cysihh wcvoasw f tbc Gakzcktoak( wbashd kat fckcjot jvae ot itihh+ Ok i woeohiv zcok( i ~cvwak ei fcgaec i vcjsmcc wsv ~higc iw ivcwsht aj czcktw }bogb bizc bi~~ckcd wokgc hcizokm tbc gasktv ajkitoakihot( czck oj ~vczoaswh ik iwhse ghioecd jiohcd+

99?+ Vchoikgc }iw ~higcd ak tbc crowtckgc aj Ivtoghc 77"6/ iw tbc wahc ~awt%vcgamkotoak vceazih ~a}cv+ Ivtoghc 77"6/ ~cveotw waecakc ta fcvceazcd kat}otbwtikdokm tbit bc }ashd fc ~cvwcgstcd ak vctsvk( okgovgsewtikgcw }bogb ei azcvhi~ }otb tbawc ok Ivtoghc 9J "g/+ Fst tbcivc kat cr~vcwwcd ok tbc wiec }i ikd ei kat gazcv tbc wiec jigtw okik ~ivtogshiv giwc+ Kav ow tbc ~awwofohot aj vceazokm waecakc }ba ow ivcjsmcc ak tbit fiwow tbc wiec iw tbc afhomitav crghswoak aj waecakcjvae fcokm i vcjsmcc( javeihh vcgamkowcd av kat+ Tvsc ot ow tbit iheawtihh aj tbc Gakzcktoak ow ifast tbc ~awotoak aj tbawc }ba ivc vcjsmccw(

fst tbit dacw kat ecik tbit tbcov ~awotoak gikkat gbikmc av tbit tbccrghswoak ~vazowoakw gikkat i~~h ta crghsdc waecakc jvae fcokm ivcjsmcc fcjavc av ijtcv javeih wtitc vcgamkotoak iw wsgb+ Tbc jagsw ajtbawc ~vazowoakw vceiokw ak igtw ok tbc ~iwt vitbcv tbik ak jstsvc vowl+

96>+ Ivtoghc 9J "g / dacw kat ~vczckt vchoikgc ak igtw }bogb }cvc dakc fcjavcik okdozodsih }iw vcgamkowcd iw i vcjsmcc( }bctbcv av kat tbc gaec tahombt fcjavc av ijtcv tbit vcgamkotoak+ Tbit }iw kat ok dow~stc+ Wa tbow jovwt~aokt dacw kat ivowc ok IW giwc+ Ok ik czckt( eawt aj tbc eitcvoihvchocd ak DDw giwc ~vcgcdcw tbc i~~cih dcgowoak ok Ei 6>>3( ikdokdccd esgb ~vcgcdcw bow ivvozih ok tbc SL+

969+ ]c iggc~t tbc mckcvih wsfeowwoakw aj tbc WWBD tbit tcvvavowe owgaktviv ta tbc ~sv~awcw ikd ~vokgo~hcw aj tbc SK+ Tbow ow favkc ast ftbc dcgowoak aj WOIG ok Eslbtoiv Wokmb ikd ^ivie`ot Wokmb z WWBD

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79+=+>> ikd aj tbc OIT ok LL( ifazc( ~ivimvi~bw 23( ?7 ikd ?:+ Ot ow katkcgcwwiv ta wct tbce ast bcvc+ Tbit dcgowoak }iw i~~vazcd ok II"^ihcwtokc/"Crghswoak Ghiswc/ z WWBD \6>>3U SLOIT >>9>4+ Fst tbowcrghswoak ~vazowoak vcysovcw tbit tbcvc fc wcvoasw mvaskdw jav tboklokmtbit ik okdozodsih ow msoht aj igtw }bogb( ta swc tbc hikmsimc aj LL( ivc

tbc wsf`cgt aj oktckwc dowi~~vazih f tbc mazcvkokm fad aj tbc cktovcoktcvkitoakih gaeeskot+ Ecvch gbivigtcvowokm tbce iw tcvvavowt owkcotbcv kcgcwwiv kav wsjjogockt+

966+ ]c vcmivd tbc jokdokmw }bogb }c bizc eidc ifast tbc igtozotocw aj cigbaj tbcwc I~~chhiktw iw wba}okm tbit tbc wbashd fc crghsdcd jvae tbc~vatcgtoak aj tbc Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak+ Tbc gaktviv }iw kat wcvoaswhivmscd+ Tbcvc ow wsjjogockt czodckgc( ok DDw giwc( aj igtw ~vcgcdokmbow ivvozih ok tbc SL ikd tbc i~~cih dcgowoak ta vcysovc bow crghswoak+Tbc wiec }ashd i~~h ta IW fcjavc bow ivvozih ok tbc SL+

967+ Tbc crghswoak aj DD( ikd IW jav tbit eittcv( jvae tbc ~vatcgtoak aj tbcVcjsmcc Gakzcktoak ow kat ta fc fihikgcd imiokwt atbcv gakwodcvitoakwwsgb iw tbc vowlw aj ~cvwcgstav tvciteckt }bogb tbc eombt jigc akvctsvk ta Hofi+ Tbc Gakzcktoak gaktiokw ka wsgb fihikgokm ~vazowoakikd ok ik czckt( w74"9/ ITGWI 6>>9 }ashd crghsdc ik wsgb fihikgc+Ot ow ok tbcwc tcvew0

Ivtoghcw 9"J/ ikd 77"6/ aj tbc Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak "crghswoakw0 }ivgvoeokihw( kitoakih wcgsvot( *g+/ wbihh kat fc tilck ta vcysovcgakwodcvitoak aj tbc mvizot aj%

czcktw av jciv f zovtsc aj }bogb Ivtoghc 9"I/ }ashd av eombt i~~h tai ~cvwak oj Ivtoghc 9"J/ dod kat i~~h( av

i tbvcit f vciwak aj }bogb Ivtoghc 77"9/ }ashd av eombt i~~h ta i~cvwak oj Ivtoghc 77"6/ dod kat i~~h+

964+ ]c tsvk ta tbc tbovd Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak owwsc0 vcjashceckt+

Ivtoghc 770 ^vabofotoak aj cr~shwoak av vctsvk

9+ Ka Gaktvigtokm Wtitc wbihh cr~ch av vctsvk "vcjashcv/ ivcjsmcc ok ik eikkcv }bitwaczcv ta tbc jvaktocvw aj tcvvotavocw(}bcvc bow hojc av jvccdae }ashd fc tbvcitckcd ak iggaskt aj bowvigc( vchomoak( kitoakihot( ecefcvwbo~ aj i ~ivtogshiv wagoih mvas~ av~ahotogih a~okoak+

6+ Tbc fckcjot aj tbc ~vcwckt ~vazowoak ei kat( ba}czcv( fcghioecd f i vcjsmcc }bae tbcvc ivc vciwakifhc mvaskdw javvcmivdokm iw i dikmcv ta tbc wcgsvot aj tbc gasktv ok }bogb bc ow(av }ba( bizokm fcck gakzogtcd f i jokih `sdmceckt aj i ~ivtogshivwcvoasw gvoec( gakwtotstcw i dikmcv ta tbc gaeeskot aj tbit

gasktv+

963+ Tbc kakvcjashceckt afhomitoak ok Ivtoghc 77"9/ ow wsf`cgt ta tbccrgc~toak ok Ivtoghc 77"6/+ Tbc tbovd gaktcktoak aj tbc WWBD }iw tbit DDjchh }otbok tbc crgc~toak( ikd IW taa }cvc bc i vcjsmcc+ Tbow owwsc

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}ashd ivowc oj DD }cvc ta vceiok i vcjsmcc fcgiswc tbcvc bid fcck ikokwsjjogockt gbikmc ok govgsewtikgcw jav Ivtoghc 9G"3/ ta i~~h( ikd oj bc}cvc kat crghsdcd skdcv Ivtoghc 9J "g/+ Ot ow afzoasw jvae asvgakghswoakw ifast kitoakih wcgsvot tbit ot ow asv zoc} tbit tbcvc ivcvciwakifhc mvaskdw jav vcmivdokm boe iw i dikmcv ta tbc wcgsvot aj

tbc SL+ Tbc wiec i~~hocw ta IW }cvc tbc owwsc ta ivowc+ Iw }otb Ivtoghc9J"g/( tbcvc ow ka fihikgokm ~vazowoak }otbok tbc Gakzcktoak( }combokmtbc dcmvcc aj vowl ikd tbc wczcvot aj ik ~cvwcgstav tvciteckt }bogbtbc eombt jigc imiokwt tbc dikmcv ta tbc wcgsvot aj tbc SL }bogb tbc~awc ikd tbc fckcjot ta ot }bogb tbcov vceazih }ashd fvokm+

96:+ Tbow owwsc }iw gakwodcvcd f tbc OIT ok WF "Bioto%gcwwitoak ikdcrghswoak/ \6>>3U SLOIT \>>>7:U it ~ivimvi~bw 29 %27+ Tbow giwcvcjcvvcd ta tbc dcgowoak ok T z WWBD \9??:U IG =46 }bogb gakgcvkcdtbc vctsvk ta Ihmcvoi aj i tcvvavowt crghsdcd skdcv Ivtoghc 9J+ Ot bid fcckwsmmcwtcd ta tbcov Havdwbo~w tbit tbcvc }iw i ghcivcv giwc jav i fihikgc

ta fc wtvsgl skdcv Ivtoghc 9J tbik skdcv Ivtoghc 77"6/( ikd tbit ws~~avtjav i fihikgokm crcvgowc ok tbc hittcv gashd fc crtvigtcd jvae tbcvciwakokm aj tbc Gasvt aj I~~cih ok V z WWBD cr ~ivtc Gbibih\9??3U 9]HV 36:+ Tbcov Havdwbo~w mizc wbavt wbvojt ta tbc ivmseckt tbit tbcvc}iw i fihikgc ta fc wtvsgl+ Tbc ~awotoak ow ka} wctthcd f w74 ITGWI}bogb ~vcghsdcw ik wsgb fihikgc fcokm wtvsgl+

96=+ Tbc ~awotoak ow tbcvcjavc ghciv0 cigb I~~chhikt ow i dikmcv ta kitoakihwcgsvot ikd tbc Vcjsmcc Gakzcktoak ~vazodcw ka ~vatcgtoak imiokwtvceazih+

Tbc vowlw ak vctsvk jigcd fy tbc I~~chhiktw

962+ Ok Katcw Zcvfihcw aj 92 @sh ikd 2 Wc~tcefcv 6>>:( tbc Hofikma

Documents

AS & DD (Libya) v. Secretary of State for the Home Department