Artikel Interactive Web EN.pdf

7/25/2019 Artikel Interactive Web EN.pdf

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DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE MEDIA OF WEB LEARNING

ON TABLET AND SMARTPHONE

Didik Dwi Prasetya

Department of Electrical Engineering, State University of Malang

Jln Semarang No. 5 Malang 65145, Telp. +62 (0341) 7044470

[email protected]

Abstract

The development of Smartphones and tablets brings many significant changes in

learning. However, the web has the disadvantages of learning, in which at least requirestwo applications, text editor and browser. Referring to the existing problems, thisresearch aims to develop an interactive learning media web on Smartphones and tablets

as a platform to increase the provision of distance education, named Si HTML. Themethod used in this study is a research and development by adapting the model

developed by Borg & Gall. Stages of research starting from requirement analysis,design, production, validation, to test the product. The development of applications

based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) precisely in order toimprove the quality of teaching, particularly in distance learning. Through mobiledevices, students can still access the learning materials anytime and anywhere, without

being obstructed space and time. The results of the validation and field testing in SMKMalang 4 shown that the developed product is already feasible to use, in which there isa very high degree of validity media, 87.08%.

Keywords: interactive media, smartphones, tablets, distance learning

1. Introduction

In a very short span of time, the growth of smartphones in Indonesia showed

significant figures. According to Nielsen research institute survey conducted in mid-2012,

as many as 67% of the total respondents were involved are smartphone users (Nielsen,

2012). This number is predicted to continue to grow in line with the market very positive

enthusiasm. Like two sides of a coin, the rapid growth of smartphone brings fresh air for

mobile application developers.

Smartphone is a mobile phone with more capabilities, ranging from resolution,features, to computing, including any mobile operating system in it. Existing capabilities

are very supportive of varied mobile content. A variety of content that is composed of text,images, sound, video, or a combination of all of them flowing every second. Currently,

there are many fields that utilize Smartphones and tablet platforms, such as entertainment,games, health, industry, tourism, transport, and do not miss all fields of education.

The development of smartphones and tablets brings many significant changes in

learning. However, the web has the disadvantages of learning, in which at least requires

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two applications, text editor and browser. However, the characteristics of mobile devices

that have limited environment very different from desktop or laptop computers. As a result,

web learning in a mobile environment is less flexible and deemed complicated. On theother hand, the high mobility of people is relying on mobile devices, rather than desktopcomputers/laptops.

Referring to the existing strategic potential, this study suggests the development of

an interactive learning media web on smartphones and tablets as a platform to increase the

provision of distance education. The motivation underlying this study is the fact that the

technology is able to bring the Smartphone electronic learning model is more flexible,convenient, and complex. This is reinforced by the condition of the ground water level is

still not evenly distributed. Therefore, it is important that the presence of breakthroughs that

can reduce the problems of education, especially in distance education. One solution that is

widely applied today is the application of Information and Communication Technology-based (ICT).

The implementation of interactive media on the web learning platform Smartphones

and tablets has the potential to help improve distance education services. Media thatconsists of a basic material, exercises, and interactive simulations HTML editor is very

assist learners in mastering the basics of web programming. Through simple equipment andeasy to carry, keep learners can access the learning materials anytime and anywhere,

without being obstructed space and time.

2. Literature Review

2.1 SmartphoneandTablet

Mobile phones currently classified into two types, namely standard phone and smart

phone. Smart phone or Smartphone more familiar we call a cell phone with more

capabilities, ranging from resolution, features, to computing, including any mobile

operating system in it. The growth of Smartphones these days shows a fantastic figure,

especially in Indonesia. The rapid growth of the Smartphone direct significant impact onthe development of a Smartphone app or better known as mobile applications (mobile

apps).

However, the development of mobile applications is very dependent on thedevelopment of Smartphones, both in terms of technology and production quantities. Of

course, because it is a Smartphone platform that runs applications mobile. Dalam very short

time, the growth of Smartphones in Indonesia showed significant figures. According toNielsen research institute survey conducted in mid-2012, as many as 67% of the total

respondents were involved are Smartphone users. This number is predicted to continue to

grow in line with the market enthusiasm. Like two sides of a coin, the rapid growth ofSmartphones brings opportunities for mobile application developers.



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Broadly speaking, there are three approaches that are used to develop mobile

applications, namely native applications, web applications, and hybrid applications

(Prasetya, 2013). Native application is an application that is specifically targeted to certainmobile platforms and programming languages and software development the appropriateplatform. The web application is a web application that is specifically optimized for use in a

Smartphone environment. The application seeks a hybrid approach combines theadvantages of mobile HTML5 web apps and native apps.

This study used three approaches or hybrid applications because it offers high

flexibility. Application code written using standard web technologies can be deployed

directly to almost any mobile operating system platforms, including Android, iOS,Windows Phone, WebOS, Symbian, and BlackBerry. Thus, the availability of applications

is becoming increasingly widespread, making it easier distribution to distance education

learners.

2.2 Distance Learning

In order to achieve national education goals as defined in Law No. 20 of 2003 on

the National Education System, the government implements two educational systems,

namely face-to-face education and distance education or distance learning. In face-to-face

education system, learners and educators met in person to conduct the learning process in

the education providers. On the other hand, distance education is one way of

implementation of education where learners apart from educators.

Education distance education learners are separated from educators and learning touse a variety of learning resources through communication technology, information, andother media (Undang-Undang No 20 Tahun 2003). Thus, learners as teachers who want to

learn in order to improve their qualifications or competence not have to leave his teaching

duties, but can learn while teaching. According to the Minister of Education and Culture,

prof. M. Nuh, distance education is very important because Indonesia has a very large

population (Zubaidah, 2011). If only rely on conservative learning, the need for additionalinfrastructure tremendous amount.

Distance learning can be conducted on all lines, levels and types of education.

Distance education serves to provide educational services to community groups who cannot

attend face-to- face education or regular. Distance education is maintained in various forms,modes, and supported by means of coverage and service learning and assessment systemthat ensures the quality of graduate education in accordance with national standards.



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3. Method

3.1

Research Design

This research is the development research, which is the process used to develop and

validate a product. The research model is used to adapt the model developed by Borg &Gall (Setyosari, 2010).

Figure 1 Application Development Model

There are several steps involved in this study, ranging from needs analysis to testthe product.

RequirementsAnalysis

This stage aims to analyze requirements and define a software requirements

specification to be developed.

Applications Design

At this stage, the results of the needs analysis will be poured into forms

design/design, including the design process, data, interface, and the system as a

whole.

Production Applications

Production applications and systems implementation phase represents learning

content.

Validation

This stage aims to ensure that the product is in conformity with the initial

specification. If there are revisions it will return to the application design phase,whereas otherwise it directly to the next stage.



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Products Testing

To determine the feasibility of the product then performed a series of trials

involving individual students.

3.2 Product Description

The proposed solution is innovative interactive media learning web platforms that

run on Smartphones and tablets. The media called this HTML is a mobile application(mobile apps) that can run on all mobile operating systems platforms, such as Android,

iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry, and the likes. Learn about the development of theproposed system architecture is shown as Figure 2.

Figure 2 System Architecture

Interactive media is composed of several parts that make up an integrated learning

application. The parts are becoming media content development plan is composed of

matter, live editor, quiz/exercise, and help the use of the product. Sitemap form of content

development is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 Content Sitemap



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In order to facilitate access to content that is available, made a major navigation

simple and focus on product functionality. This form of navigation design adapts to the

characteristics of Smartphone apps and tablet.

Figure 4 Product Interface Design

3.3 Validation and Testing

Validation is an important step to ensure that the application has been developed in

accordance with the specifications. There are two types of validity tests performed in thisstudy, the validation of materials and media. The validation is done by people who meet the

criteria. Testing is an activity in which a system is executed under specified conditions andthe results are observed and evaluated. Tests conducted as verification that the software was

developed to meet the specification requirements and run in accordance with the scenariothat has been described. The main purpose of the testing phase is to find errors that have not

been identified.

4.Development Result

4.1 Implementation

Stages of implementation or development of real-world systems describe themanifestation of processing functions and information structures. In this stage, the aspects

related to the behavior and structure of the system is represented as it would be built. Thisstage illustrates the implementation details for each operation are expressed through a

message. At this stage the system is implemented interactive learning applications for

Smartphones and tablet environments.



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This stage focuses on the main system that will accommodate the learning contents.

Referring to the results of interface design, implementation main interface is shown as

Figure 5.

Figure 5 Main Interface on Android Platform

The development of an interactive learning application consists of two main

modules, namely:

1. The main engine

This module represents the main functionality of the application as an interactivemedia system. The function of this module is to provide a container to

accommodate the learning contents.

2.

Learning contentThis module represents content-content that is an interactive learning.

The main idea of this research is to produce an application that can run on cross

platform mobile operating system. The main objectives are to provide a variety of products

in a variety of platforms that can be chosen by the user. The results of the implementationof the main interface of interactive learning applications in the iOS environment is shown

as Figure 6.



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Figure 6 Main Interface on iOS Platform

Page presents the basic learning content material on the basics of HTML. There are

five main topics are provided, namely HTML Document, Text Format, List, Image, and

Link.

One of the main advantages offered by this application is an interactive learningfeatures interactive editor. Here, users are presented a page like text editors generally, but

with the ability to display the translation result the HTML code at the bottom. Once thecode is completed typed in text editor, the display will be immediately displayed on the

screen.



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Figure 7 Basic HTML Menu

An interactive editor approach considered highly allowing users to practice basicHTML code.

Figure 8 Interactive Editor



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When compared to the standard approach requires a minimum of two devices, namely a

text editor and a browser, then this approach is more practical. The existence of an interactive editor

can be an alternative when students are not carrying basic equipment such as desktop computers orlaptops / notebooks.

4.2 Testing Result

A test conducted focus group aimed to determine the usefulness of the product

directly. This test is limited to 10 students taking the subject SMKN 4 Malang drawn atrandom. To be more optimal test results, the selection of subjects is done through selection

of the class teacher refers to three categories of student's ability (advanced, intermediate,and basic).

The testing phase begins with the installation of each product to the students and

then continued with the operation of the application features. Furthermore, students aregiven feedback assessment instrument to respond objectively.

Figure 9 Product Testing in the Field

4.3 Discussion

Results of instructional media web application development offer responsive

dynamic features. This feature allows the application to provide the right look in all screensizes. The application of the material and interactive text editor able to provide feedback to

the user directly.

Based on a limited test group, showed an average of 87.08. Referring to the validity

of the table, it can be concluded that the trial in the restricted group is at very high criteria.

That is, learning interactive media web applications for Smartphones and tablets developeda great response by the students of SMK Negeri 4 Malang (represented by 10 samples) with

the percentage of eligibility or satisfaction of 87.08%.



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5. Conclusions and Recomendations

5.1

Conclusions

Referring to the implementation and outcomes of targeted research, conclusions can

be outlined as follows:

1. Development of interactive learning media web applications for Smartphones and

tablets have the potential to help improve service-learning in distance learning. This

application is able to run on the cross platform and varied screen sizes. Media

content developed widely accessible anytime and anywhere so it is appropriate for

the geographical condition of Indonesia. This approach at least is a distance learningsolution that is attractive in addition to the use of existing conventional media. In

addition, also as a concrete manifestation in support of educational programs for all

(education for all / EFA ) and the Millennium Development Goals ( MDGs) to beachieved by 2015.

2. The test results through a series of verification and validation show that the onlineapplication is the interactive whiteboard is in conformity with the initial

specifications and feasible for use in support of distance education services . The

results of tests on a limited group (10 students of SMK Malang 4) get a very good

value, 87.08 % .

5.2 Recomendations

Although the development of interactive learning media web on Smartphones and

the tablets are already quite good and meet the initial target as planned, but there are stillsome shortcomings that need to be refined again. In connection with this, a few suggestions

to consider are as follows:

1. The need for additional features of the application so it is easier to use, for example,

the number of lines of code (line number).

2. Content interactive quizzes should be made randomly and dynamically composed of

a variety of questions in each level.

3. The need for more extensive testing to determine the usefulness of the developed

application. Testing should be done in a few groups and involve more subjects

research.

6.References

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Arsyad, A. 2002.Media Pembelajaran. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.

Cicchino, R., Mirliss, D. 2006. Tablet PCs: A Powerful Teaching Tool. Proceedings of

World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and HigherEducation.



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Eurell, J. 2005. Tablet Computers in the Veterinary Curriculum. Journal of Veterinary

Gioaniss, P. 2012. E-MedLab: A Distance Learning Medical Laboratory via a Tablet PC.SRIMA, Romania.

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 2012. Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan danKebudayaan Nomor 24 tahun 2012.

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 2010. Rencana Strategis (Renstra) KementerianPendidikan Nasional tahun 2010-2014.

Melton, R., Kendall N. 2012. The Impact of Mobilization in Higher Education. The Global ElearningJournal, Vol 1.

Prasetya, D.D. 2013. Membuat Aplikasi Smartphone Multiplatform. PT ElexmediaKomputindo Jakarta

Pressman, R. 2006. Software Engineering a Practitioners Approach 6th Edition, The McGraw Hill Compannies, Inc.

Reeves T., Hedberg. 2003. Interactive Learning Systems Evaluation. Educational

Technology Publications, Inc. USA.

Setyosari, P. 2010.Metode Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pengembangan. Kencana, Jakarta

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