Artificial intelligence in mobile learning

The application of Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Learning

Qiang Liu Art Academy

China Three Gorges University Yichang, China

640690697@qq. com

Lixin Diao Information & technology

Department Central China Normal University

Wuhan, China [email protected]

Guangcan Tu Art department

Yangtze University Jinzhou, China

[email protected]

Abstract—This paper research the application of artificial intelligence in mobile learning. In the first place,this paper analyse the meaning of mobile learning and artificial intelligence,make them clear to people. In the second place, explain the significance of the application of artificial intelligence in mobile learning. This paper introduce five problems in mobile learning.These problems make it necessary to apply artificial intelligence. In the third place, introduce the specific application of artificial intelligence in mobile learning.It include: 1)Mobile Intelligent Teaching Expert System(MITES).2)Mobile Intelligent Decision Support System(MIDSS).3)Mobile Intelligenct Information Retrieval Engine (MIIRE).4)Mobile Intelligent Induct-learning System (MTIS).5)Intelligent Hardware Network (IHN).Finally, looking to the future,there are two main problems about the artificial intelligence in mobile learning:1)Technical problems.2)Development of soft tools.

Keywords-artificial intelligence , mobile learning , application

I. INTRODUCTION

With the development of wireless mobile network and the improve of the mobile communication equipment, it is possible to study any where and any time. Mobile learning(m-learning) come into the modern's life and becoming a popular way in learning. Mobile learning has a lot of advantages in following aspects such as portability, interactive, easy to operate, and Targeted users. So, it attracted a large number of learners. In this situation, the information in Mobile Learning become more and more. It makes the Artificial Intelligence(AI) in mobile learning more and more important. It is necessary to reseach on it.

A. The meaning of mobile learning

There are different interpretations from different point of view about the meaning of mobile learning in the current academic community. They can be broadly divided into three kinds as following. The first viewpoint thinks that mobile learning is a new form in Distance learning. The second viewpoint thinks that mobile learning is the new expansion of e-Learning. From the perspective of cognitive learning, the third viewpoint thinks that mobile learning is a new technology and a new way of learning by its characteristicsis such as

mobility and sexual situations. This paper consider that mobile learning is a new form of learning by using the wireless mobile communications network technology and wireless mobile communications equipment (such as mobile phones), personal digital assistants (such as PDA, Pocket PC), and so on to access to education, information, educational resources and education services. Mobile learning's goal is that students can learn anything at any time, any place, any way.

Mobile learning's distinctiveness: 1)To provide anytime, anywhere learning environment. Learners can be in accordance with the will to carry out its own study, out of the time and place'limitation. 2)Learning activities are more situational. Mobile learning provide the support for situational learning. learning take place in the true and natural social context, realize the real "living learning". 3)provide the Just-in-Time learning content. Theoretical studies have shown that informal learning achieve about 70% in individual learning needs of the work. This form of learning play a key role to make people be competent for the work. Mobile learning support the needs of the informal learning's scene.

B. The meaning of artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence are also called machine intelligence. It use artificial methods to achieve intelligence on machine (computer). It is the simulation of artificial intelligence on machine,or make the machine have the human-like intelligent. It is a comprehensive discipline which based on the the combination and growth of computer science, control theory, information theory, neurophysiology, psychology, linguistics and so on. However ,there has been no an unified definition on artificial intelligence at present.There have a variety of claims and definitions in the academic. However, by its nature, artificial intelligence is a science of research, design and application of intelligent machines or intelligent system to simulate human intelligent capabilities and extension of human intelligence.

The researchs on artificial intelligence always carry out combined with the applications. Artificial intelligence is an interdiscipline.It is a comprehensive technical discipline related to psychology, cognitive science, science, information science, system science,biological sciences and so on. It has made great achievements on knowledge processing, pattern

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recognition, natural language processing, game, automatic theorem proving, automatic programming, expert system, intelligent robot of knowledge Database.It formed a wide range of directions of development.Now,the research on artificial intelligence always carry out by three ways as following:1)Use the mathod of biological sciences to explore the nature of human intelligence.2) Use the mathod of computer science.It use the connection-oriented mechanism base on network connection, use the artificial neural network to simulate the image of human thinking.This mathod could solve the knowledge which is difficult to express by using symbols.3)Use the mathod of physiology.

II. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE IN MOBILE LEARNING

Mobile learning made a huge impact on traditional mode of education.It has far-reaching significance. It not only changed the significant deficiencies on the traditional mode of education that is limited by space and time,but also make teaching in an interesting way, enable learners to become more dynamic, attract a large number of people to carry out mobile learning enthusiastically.Anybody can go to the world of mobile learning,any time,any where.But mobile learning is still in the early stages of development at present.It still have many problems in practical applications.

1)The learning support service system in mobile learning is Unsatisfactory.The means are still very backward. There are many limitations in services.It lacks initiative, targeted and strategic.

2)How to realize the open of the test in mobile learning.How to ensure the objective and impartial, scientific, authority and timeliness of examination.

3) The Mobile Learning Network system and the network information query capabilities is still very limited.

4) The core support of mobile learning - mobile learning resources, has not been fully adapted to the characteristics of mobile learning.

5)In mobile learning, learners lack individual active interaction.To the common problem among students,it can not be automatically carried out statistical analysis, Lenovo, etc..

In view of the current situation,it is very necessary to apply the artificial intelligence technology in mobile learning.It is an important way to improve the mobile learning.

III. THE SPECIFIC APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE IN MOBILE LEARNING

A. Mobile Intelligent Teaching Expert System(MITES)

MITES can provide an intelligent teaching environment. It simulate the teaching thought processes of experts and professors, use the advanced teaching methods,such as AI

technology and mobile media, to form the open interactive teaching system. Students can be obtained the knowledge from the system through mobile devices.System can teach different according to the student’s knowledge, abilities and learning methods. It can achieve the best teaching effect and real realize the individualized adaptive teaching. MITES is a new educational technology witch is based on cognitive science and thinking science , integrated artificial intelligence technology, educational psychology and other disciplines’knowledge. The role of MITES is to seek a cognitive model of learning ,make the learners receive the individualized adaptive learning,make the learning faster and more effective by researching the characteristics and processes of study.

MITES systems usually have the following intelligence:

1)Can automatically generate a variety of problems and exercises.

2)According to the different levels of students in learning,select the appropriate learning content and the corresponding adjustment of the progress of teaching.

3)Able to solve the problem automatically and generate the answer based on understand the teaching content.

4)Have natural language generation and understanding in order to achieve relatively free Questions and Answers about the system and in order to enhance the initiative human-computer interaction.

5)Has the capacity to explain the teaching content.

6)Can diagnosis of student errors, analysis of the causes of errors and take corrective measures.

7)Can evaluate the behavior of students.

8)Can continuous improve the teaching strategies in teaching.

B. Mobile Intelligent Decision Support System(MIDSS)

The basic components of MIDSS system include: data base, model base, method base, man-machine interface and intelligent components. These basic components can be composed of two types of system structure:four base structure and the fusion structure. MIDSS shows strong growth potential and a bright future in the field of mobile learning applications. This system is able to provide learners the necessary data , information and background materials to provide decision-making, to help clear goals and decision-making problem identification, to establish or modify the decision-making model, to provide a range of options, and a variety of program evaluation and selection excellent features of human-computer interaction analysis, comparison and to determine, to provide the necessary support for the correct and effective decision-making.

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C. Mobile Intelligenct Information Retrieval Engine (MIIRE)

In mobile learning, learners often find information resources through the network. Therefore, how to provide quality information retrieval services is one of the important contents of Support services at a distance. Mobile Intelligent retrieval is in fact to pvovide the Intelligence engine in mobile learning. Existing search engines are server-side software, do not have intelligence and the high-accuracy retrieval, retrieval engine require format input string. If move the search engine to mobile client, and to enable them to self-analysis, to understand the interest of learners, which have a certain degree of intelligence, can collect the information based on user's will in the internet. MIIRE is an important part of navigation System. Such as personal intelligent navigation system based on Java,have a certain degree of self-learning function that can automatically collect and record the user's browsing habits, and according to different users in different navigation recommendations to allow users to accurately access the necessary resources. From a technical point of view, the key technology to develop the mobile intelligenct information retrieval system is the intelligenct engine.

D. Mobile Intelligent Induct-learning System (MTIS)

MTIS is a support services system. Support services is an important constituent element of mobile learning. To establish and maintain an efficient and flexible, strong support services sub-system is to effectively develop, manage and implement projects to ensure that mobile learning. Support services aimed at creating a good learning environment so that students quickly and easily call a variety of resources, to accept the full range of services on learning, learning for success. Intelligent Agent is in the field of distributed artificial intelligence, a major application, which aims to reduce the use of complex software and the implementation of the burden of tedious tasks and maximize efficiency, intelligence-based technology built AGENT Mobile Intelligent Guidance System, can who guided the development and implementation of different learning strategies and take the initiative to provide personalized services Guidance, so that Guidance has a focused and forward-looking; in guiding the strategy under the guidance of automatic generation of a variety of issues and practice, rational planning to adjust the content and progress of learning and has a diagnostic function, diagnostic errors in the study, analysis and improvement of the reasons; through feedback automatically correct guiding strategy, and make them more in line with the learner's own knowledge base and cognitive characteristics.

E. Intelligent Hardware Network (IHN)

The “intelligent”here means " operation intelligence" and "service intelligence ". Operation intelligence is the intelligence of running, maintenance and management of the mobile network system. Service intelligence is that Mobile

network system provide users with some knowledge in the field of information processing or to achieve some kind of decision support needs. Mobile network is the hardware based of mobile learning. With the development of information of human society and the increasing popularity of the network, mobile learning via the web will require not only integration of multimedia information processing capabilities, but also the network to provide high-level information-processing capacity, that is, With regard to the processing power of knowledge.According to the current situation,it is a far-sighted choice to make the mobile network more intelligenct by using the IHN.

IV. PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE

A. Technical problems

Artificial Intelligence in mobile learning needs a good mobile learning environment. Technology as a hard and fast conditions related to the success of mobile learning to carry out. Mobile learning still have to face the technical problems in the future. While the 3G wireless network technology has cut a striking figure, new generation of communications technology's maximum transfer rate has been greater growth, Mobile wireless technology has previously been a breakthrough and progress than before, but the popularity of wireless networks can't be solved overnight. With the problem of the popularity of wireless network, there is internet charge problem. Due to the high cost of wireless Internet access, the average consumer does not have the opportunity to access the Internet. This is to a large extent hampered the enthusiasm of end-user. Mobile communications equipment is also an important factor which can affect the future development of mobile learning. Although the development of mobile equipments is rapid, but its support in the mobile learning application is still not enough.

B. Development of soft tools

Now, artificial intelligence in mobile learning is still in the preliminary stages of development. The soft tools for Artificial Intelligence in mobile learning are very scarce. At present, most of the tools is used for other applications, some of its functions is to be used for personal knowledge management. These complex tools have led to great inconvenience in applications. Educational institutions should be the best choice to promote mobile learning in the future. However, due to the special nature of mobile learning, the most effective solution is cooperation. Development of the whole industry needs the Government, the mobile device manufacturers and educational software developer's support. So, the development of tools can meet the needs of Artificial Intelligence in mobile learning.

The research on artificial intelligence have a wide range of applications in various fields.The development of artificial intelligence is very fast. The application of artificial

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intelligence in mobile learning will bring us into a new world and make learning easier.

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Artificial intelligence in mobile learning