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ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

Rels 300 / Nurs 3305 November 2015

http://www.toonpool.com/cartoons/Artificial%20Insemination%20love%20Val_22882

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Intrauterine Insemination: fresh sperm is produced (by partner) 1½ hours prior

to insemination sperm specimen is assessed and washed sperm placed in a syringe catheter is inserted through cervix into uterus sperm injected slowly over 5-10 minutes process repeated next day then progesterone suppositories twice a day for

remainder of cycle if pregnant, continued progesterone use for 13 wks.

Artificial Insemination withpartner’s sperm: IUI

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Instructions from ReproMed Clinic in Toronto:

1st day of menstrual bleeding – call office 3rd day – baseline ultrasound (on full bladder) Days 3 to 10/12: daily fertility medication injections

(puregon/pergonal); daily blood hormone levels; daily ultrasounds

At ovulation: intra-muscular injection of hCG/profasi Instructions for intercourse for next 2 days; OR,

artificial insemination for next 2 days Days 15/16 to 28: progesterone suppositories used

twice a day Day 21: blood test for progesterone level Day 28: blood test for pregnancy

Fertility Drugs / Ovulation Induction

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impotence, no sperm, low sperm counts, poor sperm mobility, abnormalities in sperm morphology

need for donor sperm for Donor Insemination common practice is to mix the male partner’s

sperm with donor sperm – so that both partners are still involved and there is a chance of partner paternity

introduces numerous practical & ethical issues: sperm sources; anonymity; confidentiality; payment; genetic/medical health; etc.

What if it is the male partner who has fertility problems?

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http://www.anonymousfathersday.com (2:10)

www.cbc-network.org/2011/06/anonymous-fathers-day/ (June 2011 court case in BC)

↓ Interesting issues discussed on this website ↓

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Sexual intercourse has 2 meanings: It is a procreative act It is an expression of loving union

These 2 meanings should occur simultaneously in each act of intercourse

Neither meaning should be separated from the other Reproductive technologies “separate the intrinsic

connection between the unitive (the act of intercourse) and the procreative (the reproductive purpose of intercourse)” (p.189-191)

ACCORDING TO NATURAL LAW

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Separation of unitive and procreative Separation of genetic, gestational and social

parenthood Intrusion of 3rd parties into the intimate relationship of

partners “deprives the resulting child of the human dignity

that rightfully belongs to it” treats the resulting child as an object

Violates the rights of partners to mutual parenthood through one another

HARMS INTRODUCED

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Secrecy, anonymity (Similarities to adoption) Asymmetry in parent/child relationships

Donor sperm (donor ova, donor embryos)

Genetic & social ties interpreted according to the intentions of the adult – to be, or not to be, the social parent

Deliberate severing of genetic, gestational and social ties

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Male partner is infertile, or no male partner donor semen obtained from a sperm bank

sperm samples are assessed, washed, frozen, stored; purchased; shipped

semen donors are anonymous; they may or may not be paid for their “donation”; currently, payment is prohibited in Canada

medical and genetic screening: genetic diseases; STI’s; HIV; hepatitis; medical history for 3 generations

samples frozen for 6 months, then retested donor profiles; donor catalogue

Data Assisted Donor Selection = D.A.D.S.

Artificial Inseminationwith Donor Sperm (DI)

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http://www.repromed.ca/sperm_donor_catalogue

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First Home Insemination Cycle:

A: Using ReproMed Donor Samples: $1,690

B: Using Xytex Anonymous Donor Samples: $1,790

C: Using Xytex Open-ID Samples: $1,990

Subsequent Home Insemination Cycle Options:

A: Using ReproMed Donor Samples: $1,240

B: Using Xytex Anonymous Donor Samples: $1,340

C: Using Xytex Open-ID Samples: $1,540

AI Costs

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Prefer an International

Donor?

Xytex Online: http://www.xytex.com/patient_sdp.cfm

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Donor Insemination Costs

http://www.repromed.ca/userfiles/file/rml%20fee%20schedule%20may%202011%20(2).pdf

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for Group Discussion:Experiences Of Children Conceived By Artificial Insemination

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Think of your birth certificate. Who is listed on your birth certificate as your mother and father? What would it say if you were an adopted

child? What would it say if you were a child

conceived by artificial insemination by a sperm donor?

What would it say if you were a child conceived by artificial insemination using the sperm of your mother’s partner after his death?

“a child born in wedlock is the child of the husband and wife”

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What would you want to know about your origins?

When would you want to be informed about the circumstances of your conception?

What concerns might you have? Would you seek out donor or sibling

information? How would YOU feel about this?

If you were conceived by means of artificial insemination:

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Newer Issues:

Free sperm exchange on the internet;

advertising for sperm on “Kijii”-type sites;

known donors;

posthumous donors

http://www.repromed.ca/guide_to_home_insemination

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Whose personal dignity and autonomy are promoted or harmed?

What are the potential benefits of reproductive technologies?

Who are the beneficiaries?What are the potential risks and harms of

reproductive technologies?Who is most likely to be harmed?

Are there justice issues in the provision of reproductive services?

Issues of fairness, equality, equitable access?

Evaluating reproductive technologies

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According to Robertson, “those who would limit procreative choice have the burden of showing that [one’s] reproductive actions” would result in tangible & substantial harms

What sorts of potential harms might there be in artificial insemination?

Who might be vulnerable to being harmed by artificial insemination technologies?

Procreative Liberty and Harms