Upload
sofia-alfrey
View
228
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Articulations
Articulations (Joints)• Articulations – wherever 2 bones meet
• Classified by function– Synarthrosis (Immovable)– Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable)– Diarthrosis - (synovial or freely movable
joints)
Synathrosis (no movement)• Sutures
– Bones of the skull
• Gomphosis– Ligament bonds tooth w/in bony socket
Amphiarthroses (Slightly Movable)• Fibrous joint connected
by ligament– Ex. Distal articulation
between tibia and fibula
• Symphysis– Bones joined by disk of
fibrocartilage– Ex. Vertebrae, between
pubic bones
• Cartilaginous– Connection between rib
and sternum
Angular Movements of Diarthrotic Synovial Joints
– Angular Motion• Flexion – reduces
angle between articulating elements
• Extension - increases angle between articulating elements
• Adduction – moving towards midline
• Abduction – moving away from midline
• Circumduction – loop motion
Rotational Movements of Diarthrotic Synovial Joints
• Rotational
Special Movements
– Inversion- turns sole of foot inward (opp-eversion)
– Dorsiflexion- ankle flexion (plantar flexion pointed toe)
– Opposition – grasping (thumb/fingers toward hand)
– Protraction - move anterior across horizontal plane (opp retraction)
– Elevation – move superior (opp depression)
Structural Classification of Synovial Joints
• Gliding – flat surfaces slide past one another– Ends of clavicles– Between carpals & tarsals– Between vertebrae
• Hinge – angular movement in a single direction– Occipital bone and atlas– Elbow, knee, ankle– Interphalangeal joints
• Pivot – permit rotation only– Atlas and axis– Proximal radius and ulna
• Ellipsodial – angular motion occurs in 2 planes– Radius w/proximal carpals– Phalanges w/metacarpals (and metatarsals)
• Saddle- permits angular motion but prevents rotation
– thumb• Ball and socket - round head rests within
depression– Shoulder and hips
Double Jointed?
Can you do this?