Arterial Traffic Models

Ken CourageTTE 6815

Models vs TMSPs

Model: An abstract representation of a real world object or phenomenon

A Traffic Model Software Product (TMSP) employs one or more models (usually many models) to produce useful information

TMSPs are often called models (incorrectly)

Models vs TMSPs

Models and TMSPs both have the same flow chart representation

Inputs OutputsRules of Operation

Software Products to be Discussed

TRANSYT-7F PASSER II CORSIM (NETSIM)

Software Products to be Discussed

TRANSYT-7F Link-node based, Mezoscopic (Flow rates) Time-scan, 60 steps per cycle Queue accumulation by input/output Platoon propagation by exponential

smoothing Optimization (DI or Pros) by “hill climbing”

T7F Flow Profiles (Link-specific)

Step in Cycle1 60

Flow Rate

T7F Link Operations

Platoon

Propagation

Arrival Departure

Upstream Node

Downstream Node

Flow Profile Interpretation 4000+ : : SSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS 3000+ SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSS 2000+ SSSSSSOOOSSS : SSSSSOOOOOSS : SSSSOOOOOOOS : SSOOOOOOOOOOO : SOOOOOOOOOOOOOI : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIII 1000+ OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIII : IOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIII : IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIII : IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIII :I IIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ************* **************************** 123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890

Arrivals

Departures

Flow Profile Interpretation 4000+ : : SSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS 3000+ SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSS 2000+ SSSSSSOOOSSS : SSSSSOOOOOSS : SSSSOOOOOOOS : SSOOOOOOOOOOO : SOOOOOOOOOOOOOI : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIII 1000+ OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIII : IOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIII : IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIII : IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIII :I IIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ************* **************************** 123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890

Arrival on red (I)

Departure of previousred arrivals (S)

Arrival on green afterthe queue has cleared (O not under S)

Arrival on green before the queue has cleared (O under S)

External link (nearly saturated) : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS 3000+ SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS 2000+ SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS :IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1000+IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

External link (undersaturated) : SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS 3000+ SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSS 2000+ SSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSS 1000+ SSSSSSSSSSS :IIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

Platoon arrives on green after queue has cleared : SSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSS 3000+ SSSSSSSS OO : SSSSSSSS OOOOO : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOI : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOII : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOIII : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOIIII 2000+ SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOIIIII : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIII : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIII : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIII : SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIII : SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIII 1000+ SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIII : SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIII :I SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIII II :IIOSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIII III :IIOOOSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIOOOOOOOOS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

Not stopped

Departure of red arrivals

Arrived on red

Arrived on green but stopped by queue

Platoon arrives at beginning of red : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS 3000+ SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : II SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS 2000+ IIIIIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS 1000+ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOSSSOOOOOSSS : IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOO IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO ******************************

Arrived on red

Arrived on green after queue was serviced

Arrived on greenBut stopped by queue

Queue Departure

TRANSYT–F Optimization

EvaluationProcedures

Optimization Search

TRANSYT–F Optimization

EvaluationProcedures

Optimization Search

Disutility Index

Stops Delay Fuel Consumption Operating Cost

PROs Optimization A progression opportunity (PRO) is the

ability to “see ahead” one signal in the time space diagram

The number of PROs is defined at every intersection on each step of the cycle

The PROs index is the accumulated PROs / the number that would be available if all signals were always green

Bandwidth Efficiency

10 /60 = 0.167

(60 sec cycle)

10 sec

PROs Example

3

21

2

11

(60 sec cycle)

Maximum PROs = 60 (3+2+1) = 360

# sec with 3 Pros 2 Pros 1 ProAt 1 10 10 5At 2 20 5At 3 25Total 30 60 35PROS index= (30+60+35)/360 =0.347BW efficiency = 10/60 = 0.167

Platoon Propagation

Downstream projectionBy S seconds

F(t + S)

Original flow profileF(t)

Exponential smoothing F’(t + S)

F’(t + S) = K*F’(t+S-1) + (1-K)*F(t+S)Smoothing factor, K, depends on speed and link length

Platoon Propagation: Stop line : SSSSSSS : SSSSSSS : SSSSSSS : SSSSSSS 3000+ SSSSSSS : SSSSSSS : SSSSSSS : SSSSSSS : SSSSSSS : SSSSSSSS 2000+ SSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSS : SSSSSSSS :IIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1000+IIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII :IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII

Platoon Propagation: 1000 ft3000+ : O : OO : OOO : OOOO : OOOOO 2250+ OOOOOO : OOOOOOO : OOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOO 1500+ OOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 750+ OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :O OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

Platoon Propagation: 2000 ft 3000+ : : : : : 2250+ : OOO : OOOOOO : OOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOO 1500+ OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 750+OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

Platoon Propagation: 3000 ft2000+ : : O : OOOOOOO : OOOOOOOOO :O OOOOOOOOOOO 1500+OOO OOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOO 1000+OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 500+OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO :OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

T7F Link Numbers for Node N

TRANSYT Timing Plan------------------------------------------------ Intersection 1 Pretimed - Splits Optimized ------------------------------------------------

Interval Number : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Intvl Length(sec): 7.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 22.0 5.0 7.0 5.0 2.0 5.0 18.0 5.0 Intvl Length (%): 8 6 4 6 22 6 8 6 2 6 20 6

Pin Settings (%): 100/0 8 14 18 24 46 52 60 66 68 74 94

Phase Start (No.): 1 2 3 4 5 6

Interval Type : V Y V Y V Y V Y V Y V Y

Splits (sec): 12 9 27 12 7 23 Splits (%): 14 10 28 14 8 26 Links Moving : 110 110 111 102 110 109 106 105 105 104 103 101 108 106 -106 104 -102 112 110 107 103 -108 -104

Offset = 0.0 sec 0 %.

Software Products to be Discussed

TRANSYT-7F PASSER II CORSIM (NETSIM)

Software Products to be Discussed

PASSER II

•Bandwidth optimization•Phasing optimization•Speed Search (+/- 2 mph)

PASSER II Movement Numbers

PASSER Timing Plan*** INT. 1 .0 SEC OFFSET ART ST PHASE SEQ IS LT 5 LEADS (2+5) West .0 % OFFSET CROSS ST PHASE SEQ IS DUAL LEFTS (3+7)

ARTERIAL STREET CROSS STREET CONCURRENT PHASES 2+5 2+6 1+6 TOTAL 3+7 3+8 4+8 TOTAL PHASE TIME (SECS) 22.0 17.0 12.0 51.0 12.0 3.0 24.0 39.0

Software Products to be Discussed

TRANSYT-7F PASSER II CORSIM (NETSIM)

Software Products to be Discussed

CORSIM (NETSIM)

•Microscopic simulation•1 second time scan•Pretimed control•Explicit actuated control emulation•Hardware in the loop feature•Platoon dispersion by speed differential

CORSIM Node Numbers (AAP)

Platoon Propagation Comparison

Upstream

Downstream

TRANSYT

CORSIM

PASSER II