Fundamentals of the New Technology April 2010

ARTER TECHNOLOGY: New Generation Wind Turbine

What Is Arter Technology? Company Profile

1

Arter Technology is a technological research and implementation unit of Arter Group. The company is registered in Guernsey and has international presence. It is owned by Arter Group (majority shareholder) and a number of Russian individuals with a broad academic background and relevant experience in design and development of large-scale technologically advanced projects for the military airspace industry in the Soviet times. The company’s headquarter is located at:

St. Petersburg, 197375, Russia, Repishchev Street, house 14, letter P

+79212943000;

Currently the company is developing the following projects:

ARTER

TECHNOLOGY

New Generation

Wind Turbine

Cellulosic

Bioethanol

Production

Heavy Oil

Extraction

Technologies

Innovative

Сomposite

Cylinder for LPG

• Exploits great intellectual

potential and the results

achieved in the military

airspace industry

• Explores ways of

commercializing the know-

how

• Supports and develops

Russian intellectual

potential

• Arter Technology invests

exclusively in innovative

technologies aimed at

economic and

environmental problems

with potential for world-wide

implementation Fundamentally

new wind turbine

system that

surpasses all

existing

analogues

New approach in

manufacturing

cellullosic

bioethanol with the

use of

mechanochemical

treatment

Combines all

advantages and

outstanding

features of

composite

materials and

stainless steel

Designing new

heavy oil pump,

acoustic transmitter

and vibrator with

exceptional quality

characteristics

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Current development

2

• Exceptional growth

demonstrated in the

previous years will remain

sustainable due to:

– Pressing need for energy

world-wide;

– Growing concerns about

global warming and a

drive for the reduction of

greenhouse gas (GHGs)

emission

– Volatile prices for fossil

fuel & oil and the depletion

of its resources

– National energy security

primarily in the countries

with limited or no

resources of fossil fuel

including USA, Europe,

China and India

– Relative cost of other

alternative sources of

energy

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Source: GWEC

Conventional Wind Industry – What is Next? Current development

Conventional Wind Industry – What is Next? Problems faced by the conventional wind turbines industry

3

Last year’s global wind power installations reached a record of 37+ GW. Wind power is projected to expand from 51,4 bln. USD in 2008 to 139,1 bln. USD in 2018. Despite exceptional growth, the industry is still marked with significant challenges.

We believe that all these challenges could be met with our new generation wind turbine.

CONVENTIONAL WIND INDUSTRY CHALLENGES

Global Shortage of

Wind Turbines

-Legally binding targets in EU of

20% in Renewables by 2020;

-A massive target set by China

of expansion of wind power up to

100,000 MW by 2020;

-Increasing involvement of the

new players from outside the

industry;

- Enlargement of individual wind

farms in size combined with

increase in realization in

international markets. As the

result the sector has outstripped

the available supply and created

demand for larger investments in

manufacturing facilities, long

term equipment purchase

arrangements and further

expansion for components &

equipment production.

Significant Price

Increase

Limitations on Power

Output Increase

Shortage of Attractive

Wind Sites

Environmental Impact

- Rising raw material

prices coupled with

massive wind power

opportunities have

caused turbine prices

to go up;

- In some markets,

turbine prices have

risen by up to 45% in

the last few years;

- It is expected that

the prices will

continue to rise

- Wind turbine power

output depends on its

size;

- As the size of

turbines grows,

manufacturers

experience problems

with logistics and

installation

-Some countries,

particularly Germany

and Spain experience

a shortage of

attractive sites;

- Access to

infrastructure,

especially the grid

system, is often not

available to project

developers

-Safety zones exceed

3 km in radius

- Increased size of the

conventional wind

turbine creates further

environmental

problems and damage

to ecosystem

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

New Generation Wind Turbine Fundamentals

4

A conceptually new Shrouded Wind Turbine (SWT) was created by a team of the leading Russian aerospace professionals, who are currently employed by Arter Group. Being a thermodynamical unit, SWT fully presents a new generation of modern wind turbines. It is fundamentally different from existing wind machines both in design and operating characteristics.

Next Move

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

• New generation wind turbine

based on advanced

research by leading Russian

rocket scientists and

engineers:

• allows more efficient

utilization of wind power in

comparison to the traditional

one;

• solves or reduces all major

problems characteristic of

the conventional wind

turbine.

New Generation Wind Turbine New Generation vs Conventional

5

1

2

3 4

5

7

6

The conventional 1M+ wind turbine consists of approximately 5,000 components. It comprises a rotor that captures the force of the wind, and an energy conversion system, which uses a gearbox in combination with a generator to transform the mechanical power into electricity. The rotor has to be turned against the wind using a yaw mechanism. The parts of a regular wind turbine are : (1) Nacelle; (2) Heat Exchanger; (3) Generator; (4) Control Panel; (5) Main Frame; (6) Impact Noise Insulation; (7) Hydraulic Parking Brake; (8) Gearbox; (9) Impact Noise Insulation; (10, 11) Yaw Drive; (12) Rotor Shaft; (13) Oil Cooler; (14) Pitch Drive; (16) Nose Cone

Source: HSBC Report

The new generation SWT consists of a turbine with a generator block inside the ducts. The construction of the SWT is by far less complex and more reliable due to fewer rotating parts than that of the conventional turbine. Unlike the conventional wind turbine the SWT does not undergo heavy dynamic load. The components of the SWT include: (1) Outer duct; (2) Central duct; (3) Rotor duct; (4) Central bypass; (5) Turbine; (6) Generator; (7) Yaw shaft.

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

New Generation Wind Turbine Physics

6

A wind turbine converts the wind kinetic energy into mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is then converted into electricity. The

power in the wind is proportional to the cube of the wind speed. A 4-fold higher wind speed means over 64-fold more energy content

in the wind. Shrouded Wind Turbine enables to raise wind speed 4-fold in comparison with Conventional wind turbines.

The new wind turbine is based on the well-known “de Laval nozzle”. SWT, which is also referred to as Diffuser-Augmented Wind

Turbine, is capable of raising wind speed by factor of “f-coefficient “ compared to a conventional wind turbine. A higher wind speed

means over f3 more energy content in the wind. This feature enables SWT to utilize wind energy to the utmost.

de Laval nozzle V0

V1

turbine

V0

V0

V1*f

turbine

Characteristics of wind turbines with various diameters

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

where f coefficient could be between 2 and 15 times

25

50

100

150

200

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52

Wind speed

Calculated characteristics of SWT-100

kW with diameter 10.5 m together with valved inductor-type generator

Characteristics of conventional wind

turbine with installed capacity of 100 kW (blades diameter – 21 m)

Characteristics of conventional wind

turbine with blades diameter 11 m.

Ca

paci

ty

Thermodynamical concept in SWT

Validation of the concept

16

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

The air is gas. All bodies, plasmas and fluids have the inner energy. Gas also has the inner energy.

The question is what quantity of the inner energy of the gas can be utilized?

The classical formula of determining the efficiency of the wind turbine is based on the quantity of utilized kinetic energy. Unlike the

conventional wind turbines the system executed under the SWT principle allows to exploit not only kinetic energy of the air (i.e. gas)

but some part of the inner energy as well.

That part of the inner energy is converted into kinetic energy in the nozzle cross-sections. At that the temperature drops (i.e. differs)

from 0,2 Сº to 2 Сº (the fact confirmed by expertise of Garrad Hassan) under the law of energy conservation, and the kinetic

energy in the turbine zone is increased up to 10 times.

This is the process allowing to increase the overall efficiency of the system, and the use of the diffuser augmented wind turbine

instead of the propeller type wind machines automatically eliminates the problem of noise and infrasound.

Conventional wind turbines can not use the inner energy of the flow!

Why we treat the SWT system as thermodynamical?

Because the inner energy inside the turbine loses its temperature and gains the velocity.

The closest prototype to Arter’s Shroud Wind Turbine

Comparison

16

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Presently there are about 10 companies worldwide who are engaged into resolving the dilemma of the wind turbines of closed type.

In our opinion the most interesting design has been worked out by the company FloDesign (Massachusetts Institute of

Technology – MIT, USA).

With the apparent resemblance and akin scientific approach applied for resolving the task of designing the wind turbine of closed

type, the development of FloDesign is fundamentally different from Arter’s SWT.

There are two most important differences:

(1) in the method of acceleration of the air flow;

(2) in the mode of convertion of the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Nowadays Arter’s design stands at more advanced stage of development than the same of FloDesign.

FloDesign Arter Technology (design and existing prototype)

Shortage of Supply

7

Explosive growth in the demand for wind power has created a global waiting list for wind turbines.

Wind industry equipment is sold out by 2010-2011. Availability of wind turbines has become a

major concern to the wind energy industry. A shortage of turbine supply is primarily caused by the

shortage of the key components: gearboxes and bearings; hub, bedplate and gearbox housing;

carbon fibre, and also movement of multiple players on 2 MW segment and above. SWTs do not

contain these components, neither it suggests super big diameters for single unit size.

Current industry growth is not likely to even the demand-supply balance in the conventional wind

industry. This situation presents an excellent window of opportunity for SWT technology.

• New SWT will help to avoid

the current capacity

bottleneck

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

SWT: New Solution for the Wind Industry

SWT: New Solution for the Wind Industry Shortage of Supply

8

Simplicity. SWT does not have as many components as a conventional wind turbine, and most of the components are in a static

position and do not undergo static or dynamic loads. Rotating parts include slow motion turbine and slow moving generators with a

rotation speed of 100 – 500 rpm. There are many companies in the world that could supply components for the SWT.

Possible Automated Line Manufacturing. Since SWT is technologically simple, it could be mass produced on an assembly line,

thus increasing the quality and quantity of manufacturing. The assembly period of 1 SWT is two days only.

Absence of blades. The turbine does not have rotor blades – one of the toughest and most complicated parts of the conventional

turbine. Therefore, there are no transportation or safety problems associated with the conventional turbines’ usage of rotor blades.

Estimated Characteristics of the new SWT

Power Output (kW) 50 100 200 500

Weight (tons) 3-5 8-10 12-15 17-20

Diameter (m) 7-8 9-11 14-15 17-19

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Significant Price Increase

9

Severe demand and supply constraints have led to the conventional wind turbine’s significant price increases of up to 45% in

certain markets. It is also expected that the price for the conventional wind turbine will continue to rise by approximately 10%

annually. Currently it stands at approximately € 1,500 per kW capacity for onshore installations and € 3,000 per kW for offshore.

Main technological constraints for significant reduction of costs are :

Shortage of raw materials and price increases. A conventional wind turbine on average consists of 82% steel (the remainder

are expensive composite materials). Below is the chart showing steel prices dynamics over the last 6 years.

High proportion of manual labor. Large turbines

have not become a mass production product.

Complexity of the technology and spare parts

requires qualified manual labor. The

construction is largely manual with no real

production lines in place. As the labor cost

increases, so does the cost of turbines.

SWT is made of considerably fewer costly raw

materials, especially steel and composite

materials. The SWT components are interchangeable and can be manufactured of

various materials, which reduces dependence

on possible growth in prices for particular

products.

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

SWT: New Solution for the Wind Industry

Limitations of Power Output Increase

10

The new SWT can provide a better solution for the existing problem of power output increase. For the last decades wind turbine manufactures

have concentrated on extending power output by increasing the size of the turbine. This strategy posed a serious problem, as an increase in

size has its technological limits. They are:

Weight. The world’s largest wind turbine is now the Enercon E-126. The tower is 138 meters high (453 feet) and its walls are 45 centimeters

(18 inches) thick, the diameter of the rotor is 126 meters (413 feet), the diameter at the tower base is 14.5 meters, the thickness of the tower

walls is 45 cm. This new turbine is officially rated at 6 megawatts too, but will most likely produce 7+ megawatts

Material: necessity to use the metallic material for a significant part of its rotor blade design. A total of 110 m³ of concrete were used to build

the tower and 64 fifty-six centimeter thick piles had to be rammed into the ground to support the foundation. Another 1500 m³ concrete and 180

t of reinforcing steel were used in the foundation. In order to compensate for the ecological effects, extensive measures are to be taken to

create buffer zones.

Size. Increasing size of the spare parts requires individual production and transportation. The largest turbines

require a significant amount of manual labor, thus making the production costly. The blades of the turbines –

the largest solid part – become a major transportation obstacle.

Wind Speed Limit. Conventional wind turbines have a wind speed limit of approximately 25m/s,

after which they are forcedly stopped.

Evolution of Wind Turbine Sizes

The Largest Existing

Wind Turbine

Enercon E-126

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

SWT: New Solution for the Wind Industry

Limitations of Power Output Increase

11

SWT solves the existing problems of conventional turbines related to power outage increase.

Weight. The new SWT weighs much less than conventional turbines. On average, a conventional wind turbine weighs about 130

tons per MW and is composed of 82% of steel components. SWT with the capacity of 1MW weighs less than 100 tons. Each

element of SWT can perform two or more functions.

Size. Conceptually, we envisage creating SWT complexes that will include smaller turbines in a larger cluster. They will not contain

any solid bulky components similar to rotor blades. Therefore, in theory there are no real technological limitations to the power

output.

Wind Speed Limit. The new SWT does not have a wind speed limit and could operate at a wind speed up to 60 m/s, thus

significantly increasing potential energy output.

6MW and 1,5MW Turbine Complexes

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

SWT: New Solution for the Wind Industry

Shortage of attractive on-shore wind sites and problems with offshore installations

12

Some countries experience a serious shortage of attractive wind sites, particularly countries using wind energy. For example, in

2005 both German and Spanish markets shrank due to lack of remaining windy sites in Germany and the problem with offshore

installations and red tape over installations in Spain coupled with uncertainty about continued governmental support.

Onshore installations currently encounter serious problems, primarily related to the costs of the construction (€3,000 per kW of

output). A large percentage of these costs is associated with the grid system construction, onshore installation, maintenance and

support. Due to major environmental and technological issues conventional wind turbines are not recommended for installation near

inhabited areas.

Unique features of SWT allow its installation both in populated and remote areas, including protected forests and areas, parklands

(Please see some of the potential installation solutions below). Moreover, the systems could be installed within buildings (on

mechanical floors). Thus, SWT could become essential in realizing plans to improve ecological situation in big cities (for example,

Climate Change Action Plan as adopted by the Mayor of London).

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

SWT: New Solution for the Wind Industry

Environmental Impact

13

One of the fastest growing concerns about conventional wind turbines is their damaging environmental impact.

Visual Impact. Conventional wind turbines are tall bulky structures that are visible from a distance with their revolving parts, and

their sight may annoy and disturb people. Moreover, they affect landscape. Most countries with a wind power industry adopted

bans on installation of turbines in certain areas, such as national parks or nature reserves. We believe that the new SWT due to its

considerably smaller size, absence of open moving components and ability to be installed without high tower will create a lesser

impact.

Noise. An independent UK study* into the impact on health of noise from wind turbines concludes that they can have an adverse

impact on the quality of life and/or the health of families living nearby. Many families experience distress as a result of the noise

from commercial wind turbines, and some have been forced to leave their homes. The sound from the wind turbines can be heard

from a distance of up to 400-500 meters. In Great Britain, Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark there are legal limits on sound

levels and distance to the nearest dwellings. The level of noise produced by the new SWT is almost negligible.

Infrasound. The SWT does not produce any infrasound, the fact which is confirmed during testing procedures of our prototype.

No Impact on Radio Signal, or Cell Phone. Conventional Wind turbines cause considerable radio frequency interference (RFI),

which impacts communication on cellular phones as well. For this reason, their location should be remote from any retranslators of

radio signal. Moreover, turbines could create disturbance for office buildings if they are located in close vicinity.

No impact on radar systems. The existing conventional wind turbines pose a serious threat to national security. The turbines

create a large area of non-monitored space on radar screens thus enabling potential missiles and other flying objects to enter it

unnoticed. The SWT eliminates this possibility altogether.

Safety for Birds and Animals. Without open moving parts, SWT does not cause problems for birds and other living beings.

* Noise radiation from wind turbines installed near homes: Effects on health, by Barbara J Frey, BA, MA and Peter J Hadden, BSc, FRICS, February 2007.

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

SWT: New Solution for Wind Industry

Project Development: Current Stage Prototype Characteristics

14

Power Output 25 kW at the wind

speed of 14 m/s

Kick-in Wind Speed 2,5 m/s

Tower Height 25 m

Weight (tower excluding) 1000 kg

Turbine Rotation Speed 60-600 r/min

Types and number of accumulators 12 (190 А/h)

Transformer Power 25 kW

Voltage Outage 220/380 V.; 50 Hz.;

1/3 phase

Arter Technology has designed and developed the first

prototype of SWT

The prototype has undergone a series of tests and confirmed

all expected characteristics of the SWT

Preliminary calculations were experimentally proven

Arter Technology has launched a patent registration process

according to the PCT.

Experimental Model Characteristics

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Project Development: compatible generator Characteristics of valved Inductor-type Generator for SWT with capacity 100 kW

15

As part of the R&D work, Arter

Technology has developed a new

low reverse rotor-inductor generator

with the power output of 100kW,

which allows connecting windwheel

of the SWT directly to the generator

without multiplying gear.

Main advantages:

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

The ability of generator to pick up maximum power from the wind turbine,

depending on the wind velocity

High technological effectiveness and reliability of the rotor construction on

account of absence of windings and contacting rings

High technological effectiveness and reliability of the stator construction on

account of simple construction of the stator windings, which can be

manufactured separately and get fixed during the final assembly of the

stator;

High maintainability on account of the whole generator design simplicity and

high operating capability in complicated environmental conditions (high

temperatures, low pressures, aggressive atmosphere, etc.)

High efficiency parameters and reliability during operation;

Simple voltage regulation and capability of the generator to generate

maximum power from the wind flow

A complex of coupled generators Main generator technical data

Nominal rated power, kW 100

Nominal rectified voltage, V at the working frequency of rotor rotation 380…460

Number of phases 6

Voltage frequency of the generator is not restricted

Working speed rotation of rotor, r.p.m. at nominal rectified voltage 80 to 600

Nominal speed rotation of rotor, r.m.p. at 300 kV capacity 200 to 250

Runway speed, r.m.p. max. 600

Working generator temperature, Сº max. 150

Working condition (continuous) S1

Pulsation of nominal rectified voltage, V max. 50

Average sound level, dBA 85

Efficiency, % 94 and above

Ail cooling

Assembly mode – by means of two cylindrical shaft ends and framing; dimensional position of

generator - horizontal

Generator size: casing diameter max. 1750 mm, longitude size max. 550 mm

Generator mass, kg max. 2400

SWT Economics Sale of both turbines and electricity is possible

16

Based on our calculations, SWT is an extremely cost efficient renewable source of energy. Our calculations show that considering

the low cost of production, availability of inexpensive construction materials and their interchangeability, possibility for conveyer

chain assembly and further on installation in the close vicinity of the consumers, the actual costs of electricity production will be $20-

25 per 1MW/hour – less than half of that of a conventional wind turbine. The production of wind turbines makes sense both for sale

to the third parties and as a means of electricity production and sale.

A wind turbine price for a

consumerth.USD 130

Annual consumer electricity

consumption

kW-hour per

year328500

Annual consumer maintenance

expensesth.USD 3

A wind turbine operating lifetime years 35-40

Electricity prime cost (as a

consumer regards)th.USD 7,3

Electricity incremental costUSD/100kW-

hour2,23

Electricity prime cost

20

79

53

120

71

53

120

0 50 100 150

New wind turbine

Wind Offshore

Wind Onshore

Fuel Cells

Biomass

Geothermal

Tide/wave

Electricity pric, EUR/1MW-hour - HSBC Estimate

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

17

SUMMARY Advantages and disadvantages of SWT. Next Step.

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

As the market transitions to low-carbon fuel and electricity sources, conservation and efficiency efforts and the deployment of

a smart, 21st century grid, clean energy offers one of the greatest opportunities for both local and global economies to

compete and thrive.

Arter Technology has discovered a fundamentally new principle of wind turbines operation that allows to solve all major

problems and bottlenecks faced by the currently used turbines and gives an opportunity of further qualitative improvement of

the electricity generation process from wind energy.

Advantages of the new technology:

• allows to develop wind energy technology in a completely new direction that shows exceptionally attractive prospects;

• SWT provides cost-effective wind energy solution for all consumer’s segments, including small and medium size, and gives new

meaning to the portable wind energy generators;

•unlike conventional turbines, SWT has almost negligible environmental impact – the issue that causes mounting concern to the industry;

• allows to use wind generators in cities, which is impossible in case of conventional wind turbines;

Disadvantages of the new technology:

• unexplored technological difficulties which may associate with the increase of the single turbine unit up to larger sizes (1MW+);

• absence of a proven successful usage track record.

Current status of the Project:

• engagement in multiple expertise of SWT, wherein the concept prove is obtained from major independent renewable energy Consultant

• completion of design drawings for 100 kW SWT (generator is ready, turbine is in progress) and development of the first industrial

samples, both for testing purposes and existing commercial orders

• field testing of 100 kW system to be done by the Consultant upon completion of the whole unit

NEXT STEP

Arter Technology invites partners and investors to participate in the development of this highly promising project with the aim

of launching a global production of turbines in the shortest period of time. We know that the country that harnesses the power

of clean, renewable energy will lead the XXI century.

CONTACT DETAILS

+7(921)2943000, +7(911) 2194945

Annex 1 (comparative characteristics of 100 kW wind turbines)

18

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Characteristic of wind turbine NorthWind 100, Nornthern FL 100, Fuhrlander CWT 100, ARTER Technology

I Type IEC WTGS Class S No data Closed turbine

2 Installed capacity 100 kW 100 к W 100 kW

3 Operating life 30 years No data 30 years

4 Maximum diameter 21m 21 m 9,5 m

5 Rotor blades spinning axis Horizontally Horizontally Horizontally

6 Number of rotor blades 3 3 32

7 Blade-swept area 346 m2 346 m2 71 m2

8 Wind flux operating factor 14% 20% 71%

9 Operation speed of rotation 45 - 69 r/min 32 -48 r/min 100-300r/min

10 Nominal speed of rotation 57 r/min 40 r/min 200 r/min

11 Blades material Composite No data Metal/composite

12 Tower height 25 - 32 m. 35 m 9,5 m

13 Tower type Tube Tube Cone platform

14 Tower material Steel No data Steel/concrete

15 Anticorrosion protection «Sea» No data «Sea»

16 Ice load 30 mm No data 10 mm

17 Adjustment for wind «For wind», with the use of machine «For wind», with the use of

machine

«Autiofeathering», without the use

of machine

18 Generator type Asynchronous Asynchronous Rotor-inductor

19 Generator rotation speed 45 - 69 r/min. 1200- 1800 r/min 100-300 r/min

20 Voltage output 480VAC, 3 phases, 50/60Hz 480VAC, 3 phases, 60 Hz 480VAC, 3 phases, 50/60 Hz

21 Voltage quality +10/-15%W,+/-2Hz No data +10/-15%W,+/-0,5Hz

22 Voltage regulation Inverter/transformer No data Regulator/Inverter

19

Annex 1 (continued) ARTER TECHNOLOGY

23 Operation Controlling system No data Controlling system

24 Temperature range -40 / +50 С No data - 40 / +50 С

25 Wind operation speed 15 m/s 13 m/s 15 m/s

26 Breakaway speed 4 m/s 2,5 m/s 1.8 m/s

27 Halting speed 25 m/s 25 m/s 40 m/s

28 Drilling speed 60 m/s 67 m/s 60 m/s

29 Characteristic properties Direct-drive Reducing gear 1: 37,5 Direct-drive, closed turbine.

30 Noise level value No data 95 dB(A) 55 dB (A)

31 Brakes Mechanical and electrodynamic Mechanical and electrodynamic Mechanical and electrodynamic

32 Weight of power-generating unit 7500 kg 9000 kg 8000 kg

33 Tower weight 6500 kg 18000 kg Platform weight 10000 kg

34 Possibility of installation in inhabited areas No No Yes

35 Possibility of installation on residential and

industrial facilities

No No Yes

36 Possibility of installation within preserved and

park areas

No No Yes

37 Possibility of installation without the tower No No Yes

38 Possibility of turnkey operation No No Yes

39 Possibility of operation at a wind speed more

than 25 m/s

No No Yes

40 Emission of infrasound Yes Yes No

41 Impact on radio signal Yes Yes No

42 Impact on radar systems Yes Yes No

43 Significant dynamic loads Yes Yes No

44 Presence of open moving components Yes Yes No

45 Visual noise Yes Yes No

20

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Annex 2 Comparative analysis of 50 MW Wind farms

№ Characteristic of the wind system Name of basic wind system

SIEMENS SWT-2.3-93 SEWIND W2000 CWT 500 – ARTER

1 Type of system 3-blade horizontal axis turbine 3-blade horizontal axis turbine Shrouded turbine

2 Installed capacity of the unit 2300 kW 2000 kW 500 kW

3 Quantity of the units and total installed capacity on

a tower 1/2300 kW 1/2000 kW 4 х 500 =2000 kW

4 Quantity of towers per wind farm 22 25 25

5 Placement by raw 4:5:4:5:4 5:5:5:5:5 5:5:5:5:5

6 Min.possible distance between towers 930 m 870 m 300 m

7 Main land allotment area 13,84 km² 12,11 km² 2,56 km²

8 Safety exclusion zone 1,5 km 1,5 km 0,150 km

9 Safety exclusion zone area 31.3 km² 29,9 km² 1,1 km²

10 Total land allotment area 45,14 km² 42,01 km² 3,66 km²

11 Total wind farm capacity 50,6 MW 50 MW 50 MW

12 Installed capacity (MW) per sq.km 1,12 1,19 13,66

13 Internal transmission lines length 19,53 km 17.4 km 6,0 km

14 Unit power per running kilometer of internal

transmission lines 2,59 2,87 8,33

15 Diameter of power generating unit 93 m 87 m

24 m

Overall size of the package (4

units) is 75 x 75m

16 Blade rotation axis Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal

17 Quantity of blades 3 3 No regulation

21

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Annex 2 (continued) Comparative analysis of 50 MW Wind farms

18 Swept area 6800 m² 5942 m²

of one unit - 452 m²

total - 1808 m²

active - 5625 m²

19 Wind flow utilization factor No data 14 – 21% Estimated 40 - 60%

20 Operating speed of turbine rotation 5 - 16 rpm 8 - 17 rpm 50 -300 rpm

21 Nominal rotation speed 15 rpm 15,35 rpm 120 rpm

22 Blades material Composite No data Stainless steel

23 Tower / base height 60 - 80 м. 70 - 80 м No limit.

60 m recommended

24 Tower type Tubular Tubular

Any type.

Tubular polyhedral

recommended

25 Tower material Steel No data Steel / concrete (no restraints)

26 Anticorrosion protection «Marine» No data «Marine»

27 Adjustment into the wind «Into the wind»,

with the use of machine

«Into the wind»,

with the use of machine

«Auto-feathering»,

without the use of machine

28 Generator type Asynchronous 690 V with built-in

radiator

Double-fid induction Generator

690 V Rotor-inductor type generator

29 Transmission

3-range, 1 : 91, concentric with

cooling-down through separate oil

cooler (oil volume 400l)

1 : 118 Without gearbox

30 Operating wind speed 13 - 14 m/s 11,4 m/s 11,5 m/s

31 Breakaway speed 4 m/s 3 m/s 2,5 m/s

32 Shutdown speed 25 m/s 25 m/s 50 m/s

33 Storm speed 55 m/s 59,5 m/s 60 m/s

34 Power generating unit weight 142,0 t 123,5 t Approx. 140 t

22

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Annex 2 (continued)

Comparative analysis of 50 MW Wind farms

35 Tower weight Depends on place of allocation 155/188 t Depends on place of allocation

36 Possibility of installation in inhabited areas No No Yes

37 Possibility of installation within preserved and

park areas No No Yes

38 Possibility of «package» installation No No Yes

39 Possibility of operation at a wind speed above 25

m/s No No Yes

40 Infrasound radiation Yes Yes No

41 Radio jamming Yes Yes No

42 Radio wave shielding Yes Yes No

43 Significant dynamic loads Yes Yes No

44 Presence of open moving components Yes Yes No

45 Visual noise Yes Yes No

46 Qty of energy generated per year No data 60 900 – 91 350 MW х hr 120 000 – 180 000 MW х hr

47 Qty of energy generated per year per square

kilometer No data 1450 - 2175 MW х hr/km² 32 800 – 49 000 MW х hr/km²

48 Operational in-house energy consumption (per 1

power generating unit) 10 -30 kW 10 – 30 kW 1 – 2 kW

49 In-house energy consumption per year (loss per

one power generating unit) 87 000 - 261 000 kW/hr 87 000 – 261 000 kW/hr 8 700 – 17 400 kW/hr

50 % in-house loss No data 6 -12 0,25 – 0, 36

23

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Annex 2 (continued)

Comparative analysis of 50 MW Wind farms

Operating expenses

1 Blades replacement 1 – 3 times during operation

period

1 – 3 times duringoperation

period Not required

2 Change of oil in gearbox 300 liters every two years No data No gearbox

3 Change of oil in transformer 400 liters every two years No data Not required

4 Blade feathering mechanism maintenance Annually No data Not required

5 Gearbox maintenance Annually No data No gearbox

6 Transformer maintenance Annually No data Not required

7 Into the wind rotating mechanism maintenance Annually No data Not required

8 Main shaft maintenance Annually No data Change of oil: 2 liters triennially

9 Blades Cceaning from dirt Annually Annually Not required

10 Works relating to abrasive wear of blades coating Once every 3 – 4 years Once every 3 – 4 years Not required

Other comparative data

1 Utilization of worked-out blades There is a problem There is a problem Remelting as scrap metal

2 Possibility of modernization and renovation Limit +3% Limit +4% Expected possibility +30%

3 Possibility of landscape mimicry (camouflaging) No No Yes

4 Possibility of being an architectural dominance No No Yes

5 Changeability of external appearance No No Yes

6 Possibility of dual use No No Yes

24

ARTER TECHNOLOGY

Annex 2 (continued)

Comparative analysis of 50 MW Wind farms

7 Possibility of reduction of operational expenses 10% 15% 90%

8 Manufacturing process flexibility 5% 10% 95%

9 Flexibility in materials application 5% 10% 99%

10 Flexibility in application of generation systems No No Yes

11 Possibility of installation and operation in severe

terrain conditions No No Yes

12 Possibility of installation and operation in the areas

of higher wind load No No Yes

13 Adjustment to climatic zones (temperature

deviation from normal temperature) +/- 10 ºС +/- 5 ºС +/- 20 ºС

14 Adaptability to air density +/- 10% +/-10 % +/- 40 %

15 Adaptability to turbulent air flows No No 90%

16 Maximum projected capacity for one tower 7000 kW 6000 kW 20 000 kW