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Hudson River School of Art
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Art, Literature, & Reform Between 1830 -1860 American art flourished
Prior to this period American artists looked to Europe for inspiration
1830s artists discover American landscape
During the age of Manifest Destiny tensions between the wilderness & civilization inspire a generation of artists and writers
Hudson River School of Art
Thomas Cole & Asher Durand most well known Hudson River School Artists
Asher DurandKindred Spirits
James John Audubon, Great Blue Heron 1821
George Catlin, Buffalo Chase 1832
• George Catlin, Buffalo Herds Crossing Upper Missouri 1832
George Catlin, Sioux Encampment on Upper Missouri Dressing, Buffalo Meat and Robes 1832
Albert Bierstadt, Looking Down Yosemite
Winslow Homer, Rainy Day in Camp 1862
John Gast, American Progress 1872
Transcendentalist
Believed: Humans could improve their world byestablishing a closer spiritual tie with nature
Nature held the higher laws of the universe andultimate reality
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Believed: Human spirit was reflected in nature
The accumulation of material wealth secondary to nature & higher laws of God
Henry David Thoreau Walden
Civil Disobedience
James Fenimore Cooper- Leather Stocking Tales Depicts resourceful frontier hero Natty Bumpo.He lacked manors and refinement for the East,but had the survival skills needed for the West.
Washington Irving- Local Tales, The Legend ofSleepy Hollow, & Rip Van Winkle
Contrasted the change in America from our ruralpast to a nation of modern cities.
Nathaniel Hawthorne- Scarlet Letter & House ofthe Seven Gables
Work reflected Puritan influence and criticizedexcessive Individualism.
Herman Melville- Moby Dick Portrayed the limits of mans’ power andtechnology in the face of Nature
Walt Whitman- Leaves of Grass Celebrated the common people. First poet ofAmerican democracy.