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POSTER TEMPLATE BY: www.PosterPresentations.com Introduction SLR Mitigation Strategies Cost Analysis Reactive Proactive Sea Level Rise (SLR) •Increasing global temperatures will have significant impacts around the world, sea level rise (SLR) being one of the most dominant. Florida Particularly susceptible to SLR • Low elevation • Porous limestone foundation The Florida Everglades D rainage/ Channelization; late 1800’s •Destroyed native habitat •Displaced flora/fauna Degraded water quality •Decreased water storage Decreased flow Decreased SLR counteraction SLR Counteraction in South Florida Proactive measures need be used to aid in the mitigation of current and future climatic change rather than solely employing reactive barriers. Everglades Restoration: CERP/CEPP •Implementing solely short term reactive barriers will be extremely cost inefficient and will have to be constantly updated and replaced as sea level rises and infrastructures reach their lifespan. •Spending money on proactive mitigation strategies will be more effective and efficient in the long term and will provide additional ecosystem service values and ecological resilience. •Proactive measures need to be used in combination with reactive barriers to mitigate the effects of current and future SLR and environmental change. Short term solutions as issues begin to pose a threat; need to be replaced as changes arise • Examples: 1) Sea walls/ slurry walls 5) Modified pumping patterns 2) Bulkheads 6) Revetments 3) Tidal valves 7) Bio-swales 4) Direct surface delivery 8) Extraction- injection barriers If CERP/CEPP is not implemented quickly, the Everglades may be unable to effectively mitigate the effects of SLR, having profound negative effects on the ecosystem and urban communities. Lack of adequate SLR adaptation time may lead to various habitats within the Everglades encountering population declines, and possible extinctions, due to rapid habitat conversion. 2 feet by 2050 6.6 feet by 2100 B Figure 1: A) Depicts the cost for various reactive barriers over a 30 year span. B) Presents the total cost of CERP compared to the ecosystem service values after implementation of CERP for one year. Proactive and Reactive Mitigation Strategies: Counteraction to Sea Level Rise in South Florida Mary Crider, Paul Boynton, Jessica Huffman, Janna Kepley, Cheng-Tung Liu, Morgan Mooney, Nigel Woodfork Correlation Between Impacts to the Everglades And Mitigation Strategies Used in Determining Ecological and Urban Effects Proactive strategies provide long term solutions that will minimize cost to the public • Examples: 1) Everglades Restoration (CERP/CEPP) 2) Updating coastal Infrastructure permits 3) Storm water parks A Environmental State Ecological Effects Ecological Effects Urban Effects Urban Effects Positive (+) Negative (-) Positive (+) Negative (-) Everglades (Pre-drainage) -Pristine ecosystem/habitat -Natural water filtration -Natural aquifer recharge -Natural storm protection -Natural SLR counteraction -Natural water filtration -Natural aquifer recharge -Natural storm protection -Natural SLR counteraction -Poor land for farming and urbanization Everglades (Post- drainage) -Degraded ecosystem -Decreased wildlife habitat -Poor water quality -Decrease storm protection -Peat loss/ Soil erosion -Ability to control water for agriculture and flood control -Created land for farms and urban sprawl -Decreased ecotourism -Poor water quality -Decreased storm protection -Peat loss Everglades (Post- drainage) + SLR Everglades (post- drainage) effects + -Increased peat loss/ erosion -Salinization of aquifers -Rapid saltwater inundation of coastal wetlands (habitat conversion & displacement) -Ability to control fresh water For urban and agricultural areas Everglades (post- drainage) effects + -Increased peat loss/ erosion - Salinization of aquifers - Saltwater inundation of coastal communities &urban displacement -Loss of carbon sequestration. Everglades (Post- drainage) + SLR +Reactive Barriers -Bio swales & Stormwater parks areas provide some natural habitat at times Everglades (post- drainage) + SLR + -Rapid saltwater inundation of coastal wetlands (habitat conversion & displacement) -Coastal communities livable for a longer period -Counteract SLR Everglades (post- drainage) + SLR + -Reactive barriers are short term, need to be updated and are costly Everglades (Post- drainage) + SLR + reactive barriers + Proactive Mitigation -Restored ecosystem/habitat -Increased storm protection -Improved water quality/ aquifer recharge -Decreased peat loss/erosion -Slowed saltwater conversion of coastal -Will never restore ecosystem to 100% historic quality due to channelization for urban and agriculture -Buys time for adaption -Coastal communities viable for a longer period of time -Increased ecotourism -Improved water quality/ aquifer recharge -Natural counteraction to SLR -Storm protection -Some decrease in farm and urban area -Certain reactive barriers needed 1 saxds Figure 1: Sea level rise in South Florida

ARMF 2014 SLR Mitigation Poster

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POSTER TEMPLATE BY:

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Introduction SLR Mitigation Strategies Cost Analysis

Reactive ProactiveSea Level Rise (SLR)•Increasing global temperatures will have significant impacts around the world, sea level rise (SLR) being one of the most dominant.

FloridaParticularly susceptible to SLR

• Low elevation • Porous limestone foundation

The Florida Everglades Drainage/ Channelization; late 1800’s

•Destroyed native habitat•Displaced flora/fauna•Degraded water quality•Decreased water storage •Decreased flow •Decreased SLR counteraction

SLR Counteraction in South FloridaProactive measures need be used to aid in the mitigation of current and future climatic change rather than solely employing reactive barriers.Everglades Restoration: CERP/CEPP

•Implementing solely short term reactive barriers will be extremely cost inefficient and will have to be constantly updated and replaced as sea level rises and infrastructures reach their lifespan.

•Spending money on proactive mitigation strategies will be more effective and efficient in the long term and will provide additional ecosystem service values and ecological resilience.

•Proactive measures need to be used in combination with reactive barriers to mitigate the effects of current and future SLR and environmental change.

Acknowledgements and References provided in Handout.

• Short term solutions as issues begin to pose a threat; need to be replaced as changes arise

• Examples: 1) Sea walls/ slurry walls 5) Modified pumping patterns2) Bulkheads 6) Revetments3) Tidal valves 7) Bio-swales4) Direct surface delivery 8) Extraction-injection barriers

• If CERP/CEPP is not implemented quickly, the Everglades may be unable to effectively mitigate the effects of SLR, having profound negative effects on the ecosystem and urban communities.

• Lack of adequate SLR adaptation time may lead to various habitats within the Everglades encountering population declines, and possible extinctions, due to rapid habitat conversion.

2 feet by 20506.6 feet by 2100

B

Figure 1: A) Depicts the cost for various reactive barriers over a 30 year span. B) Presents the total cost of CERP compared to the ecosystem service values after implementation of CERP for one year.

Proactive and Reactive Mitigation Strategies: Counteraction to Sea Level Rise in South Florida

Mary Crider, Paul Boynton, Jessica Huffman, Janna Kepley, Cheng-Tung Liu, Morgan Mooney, Nigel Woodfork

Correlation Between Impacts to the EvergladesAnd Mitigation Strategies Used in Determining Ecological and Urban Effects

• Proactive strategies provide long term solutions that will minimize cost to the public

• Examples: 1) Everglades Restoration (CERP/CEPP) 2) Updating coastal Infrastructure permits 3) Storm water parks

A

Environmental State

Ecological Effects Ecological Effects Urban Effects Urban Effects

  Positive (+) Negative (-) Positive (+) Negative (-)Everglades (Pre-drainage)

-Pristine ecosystem/habitat-Natural water filtration-Natural aquifer recharge-Natural storm protection-Natural SLR counteraction

  -Natural water filtration -Natural aquifer recharge-Natural storm protection-Natural SLR counteraction

-Poor land for farming and urbanization

Everglades (Post-drainage)

  -Degraded ecosystem-Decreased wildlife habitat-Poor water quality-Decrease storm protection-Peat loss/ Soil erosion

-Ability to control water for agriculture and flood control-Created land for farms and urban sprawl

-Decreased ecotourism-Poor water quality-Decreased storm protection-Peat loss

Everglades (Post-drainage) + SLR

  Everglades (post-drainage) effects +-Increased peat loss/ erosion-Salinization of aquifers-Rapid saltwater inundation of coastal wetlands (habitat conversion & displacement)

-Ability to control fresh waterFor urban and agricultural areas

Everglades (post-drainage) effects +-Increased peat loss/ erosion- Salinization of aquifers- Saltwater inundation of coastal communities &urban displacement-Loss of carbon sequestration.

Everglades (Post-drainage) + SLR+Reactive Barriers

-Bio swales & Stormwater parks areas provide some natural habitat at times

Everglades (post-drainage) + SLR +-Rapid saltwater inundation of coastal wetlands (habitat conversion & displacement)

-Coastal communities livable for a longer period -Counteract SLR

Everglades (post-drainage) + SLR +-Reactive barriers are short term, need to be updated and are costly

Everglades (Post-drainage) + SLR+ reactive barriers + Proactive Mitigation

-Restored ecosystem/habitat-Increased storm protection-Improved water quality/ aquifer recharge-Decreased peat loss/erosion-Slowed saltwater conversion of coastal wetlands

-Will never restore ecosystem to 100% historic quality due to channelization for urban and agriculture

-Buys time for adaption-Coastal communities viable for a longer period of time-Increased ecotourism-Improved water quality/ aquifer recharge-Natural counteraction to SLR-Storm protection-Cost effective long term

-Some decrease in farm and urban area-Certain reactive barriers needed

1saxds

Figure 1: Sea level rise in South Florida