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Armenia 2013 Media Public Opinion and Preference Survey
Alternative Recourses In Media Project (implemented by a consortium of Internews, YPC, EPF)
Caucasus Research Resource Centers-ARMENIA [email protected]
November, 2013 Yerevan
Outline 1. Traditional Media • General Overview (TV, Radio, Newspapers) • Concerns • Opportunities 2. Alternative/online Media • General overview (Internet usage and access,
Social networking) • Concerns • A look forward
Survey parameters • Sampling frame: 2013 comprehensive list of electricity
users • Sample size: 1403 households • Sampling approach: multistage cauterized random
sampling of households • Area coverage: Yerevan, other urban and rural areas
in all marzes of RA (proportionate-to-population) • Respondent sampling criteria: The upcoming birthday
method among adults (16+) within the household • Margin of error: ± 2.5%, with a 95% confidence
interval • Field work period: May-June 2013 • Interview method: face to face interviews
Implementing team • Sona Balasanyan: - Questionnaire review and study
implementation coordinator, PPT file developer; • Ruben Yeganyan - questionnaire adviser and
fieldwork plan developer, • CRRC-Armenian all staff including junior fellows
• 49 supervisors and interviewers CRRC-Armenia team acknowledges generous advice
by Manana Aslamazyan, Gevorg Ter-Gabrielyan, Boris Navasardian and many others from EPF, MIC and YPC
79
17
2
1
1
90
6
0.5
2
1
TV
Internet
Neighbors, friends and relatives
Radio
Newspapers
QA1. The most important source of information on current events and news (%)
2013 2011
Traditional Media| General Overview: availability, usage, trust,
content
97
88
64
32
27
26
20
15
2
0.2
TV set
Radio in the car
Satellite TV antenna/Cable TV
Internet connection
Mobile phone
Radio
Videotape recorder/DVD player
Computer
All
None
QE6. Household working appliance
ownership (% of total by item, 2011)
98
58
42
27
25
18
6
5
4
0.2
TV set
DVD device
Desktop computer
Digital photo/video
Notebook
Cable TV device
Netbook
Game device
Planshet
None
QE1. Which of the following do you have at home? (% of total, by item, the
list updated, 2013)
82
16
0.4 1
76
23
0.6 0.3
Watched only TV Watched TV and listened toRadio
Listened to radio only Didn't watch TV and didn'tlisten to radio
QB1. During the last 12 months, have you watched TV or listened to the radio? (%)
2013 2011
2
4
8
19
31
31
5
9
11
13
23
25
16
2
12 hours and more
9-12 hours
7-9 hours
5-7 hours
3-5 hours
1-3 hours
Less than 1 hour
QB2. The average time spent for watching TV per day (%)
2013 2011
99
96
96
91
93
86
75
75
66
57
57
56
56
55
55
55
28
22
9
71
76
77
34
29
29
16
28
8
11
21
4
4
10
8
11
12
16
4
H1
Armenia TV
Shant TV
H2
Kentron TV
Rossia/RTR/RTR planeta
Yerkir Media
Russian 1st/ORT
Shoghakat TV
ATV
Armnews
Yerevan TV
AR
Dar21
Laym
Kultura
Local TV
Cabel TV channels
Other
QB4. Availability of TV channels and the frequency of watching on every day bases (%)
Access Frequency of watching
83
43
42
24
19
8
7
3
10
22
21
7
9
5
6
7
3
9
5
3
4
2
3
7
6
4
1
2
3
4
7
3
21
28
63
64
79
78
74
2
2
3
2
2
Armenian TV channels
Russian TV channels
International TV channels
Radio
Newspapers/weekly newspapers
Online media
Social networks
Neighbors, friends and relatives
QA2. How often do you use these sources to get information about current events and news? (%), 2013
Every day Several times a week Once a week Once or twice per month Never Don't know
14
10
9
8
7
4
4
4
3
39
47
31
28
51
22
20
19
21
16
20
11
12
26
15
13
15
19
14
10
7
9
13
10
12
13
13
17
14
41
43
3
48
51
50
44
Neighbors, friends andrelatives
Local TV channels
Online media
Social networks
National TV channels
National radio stations
Local radio stations
Local newspapers
National newspapers
QA6. The level of trust towards each of the sources ( %, 2013)
Trust very much Somewhat trust Don’t trust Don’t trust at all Don't know
11
9
8
7
6
5
5
5
5
40
46
47
26
26
30
32
32
28
24
24
30
12
13
22
21
25
20
14
12
13
7
9
12
11
13
12
10
9
2
48
46
31
31
25
35
Local TV channels
Neighbours, friends, relatives
National TV channels
Online publications
Social networking sites
Local newspapers
National radio stations
National newspapers
Local radio stations
QA6. The level of trust toward each of the sources (2011)
Trust very much Somewhat trust Don't trust Don't trust at all DK
84
81
79
77
75
74
71
60
8
9
10
15
11
16
14
30
8
10
11
8
14
10
15
11
TV should be regulated in providing sexual life related “open” information/programs
TV channels should provide news and ideas based onnational benefit, security
TV should be regulated in providing religious campaignrelated information/programs
TV channels should have the right to broadcast news andideas without government control
TV channels should have the right to broadcast news andideas without business representatives control
The government should have the right to prevent TVchannels from broadcasting news that it thinks will be
destabilizing
The society, citizens should have leverage tocontrol/criticize/reform the news and ideas provided by
TVs
TV channels should be totally free
QB10. Do you agree or disagree? (NEW, % of total for each statement)
Agree Disagree Don't know
QB8. TV programs watched (multiple choice, % of total by item, the list for 2013 was updated and edited)
TV programs 2013 2011
News 65 69
Soap Operas 35 37
Music 34 40
Humor programs 26 NA
Films 25 42
Sports 16 23
Political debates 14 14
Informative programs 13 18
Interviews with guests 11 NA
Talk shows 8 NA
Documentaries or special broadcasting 7 NA
Publicist programs 4 NA
Popular scientific programs 4 NA
Programs on showbussiness stars 3 NA
Interactive programs 3 3
Games, quizzes 3 NA
Entertainments programs NA 17
Analysis of current political events NA 6
Religious programs 1 2
Reality shows 1 NA
Other 1 2
The situation has not changed drastically. Music is still the most listened. The share for the interview listeners has increased by 7 %.
80
53
18
10
2
79
51
117
3
Music News Interviews Quiz Other
QB15. What do you like to listen to the most on the radio? (% of the
listeners, multiple choice, N2013=225, N2011=327) 2013 2011
54
23 21
77
7
16
Only hard copy Only online computer version Both hard copy and online version
QD2. In which form do you usually read newspapers? (% of the readers,
N2013=399, N2011=485)
2013 2011
16
57 57
28
9
29
53
33
Primary/No primary/Incomplete
secondary
Complete secondary/technical
Complete/incomplete higher/PHD
Total
QD1. Do you read newspapers? By education (% of newspaper readers,
N2013=399, N2011=485)
2013 2011
54
23 21
1 1
Only hard copy Only online computerversion
Both hard copy andonline version
Only onlinesmartphone version
Only online tabletversion
QD2. In which form do you usually read newspapers? (% of the readers,
N2013=399, new answer choices added)
Major concern on Media
54
49
6
6
5
5
5
3
31
33
31
30
27
26
45
21
6
8
26
26
27
24
28
31
7
8
20
32
34
34
16
37
2
3
16
4
5
8
5
7
2
2
2
Army
Church
Non governmentalorganizations
Executive power(president, government)
Legislative power(national assembly)
Judicial power/courts
Mass media
Political parties
QA19. How much do you trust each of these institutions? (new answer choices added, 2013)
Trust very much Somewhat trust Don’t trust Don’t trust at all Don't know Refused
5
5.4
8.9
9.3
24.4
23.5
35.4
28.1
20.8
18.9
33.6
16.5
12.1
10.7
13.9
9.8
37.7
41.4
8.2
36.3
Newspapers
Radios
TV
Online media
QA4. How much do you agree that media covers news and events objectively? (%)
Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly disagree Don't know
20
13
5
5.1
6.9
7.9
24.8
25.5
19.8
36.9
20.5
24.3
13.9
31.9
13
13.8
7.6
16.6
36.7
31.2
51.7
6.6
Radios
Newspapers
Online media
TV
20
11
15
9
8
9
14
9
7
8
44
39
39
40
41
40
37
39
26
37
33
32
29
34
35
32
15
15
19
18
16
18
20
20
Online media
TV
Newspapers
Radios
Online media
TV
Newspapers
Radios
20
13
20
11
QA4. How much do you agree that media covers news and events objectively? (%, excluded DK/RA)
Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly disagree
62
7
8
4
6
0.5
1
11
1
65
8
6
4
2
1
5
10
1
Political affiliation
Cencorship
Business affiliation
Financial limitations
Low professionalism of journalists
Self-censorship
Other
DK
RF
QA5. Main reason for non-objective coverage
(N2013=635, N2011=728)
2013 2011
12
3
3
2
2
1
2
40
12
3
2
2
2
1
2
41
Kentron TV/Gagik Tsarukyan
Yerkir Media TV/Armenian Revolutionary Federation
Armenia TV/Bagrat Sargsyan
Shant/Arthur Yerznkyan
Ar TV
Armenian national channel/Armen Amiryan
Refused
Don't know
QA9. Are you informed who are the media owners in particular?/Specify the media name and type (number of cases)
Media name and type specified The owner specified
11
11
6
6
3
3
3
3
25
24
31
30
18
18
20
18
16
15
26
24
20
17
20
17
13
13
28
24
21
24
23
24
35
36
10
16
37
38
34
37
Online media
Social networks
National TV channels
Local TV channels
National radio stations
Local radio stations
National newspapers
Local newspapers
A lot Some Not much Not at all Don't know
QA7. The independence of media from government and business control in Armenia (2013)
Alternative media: General overview
90
67
80
57
81
41
59
33
41
1816
6
51
31
10
31
21
43
19
57
41
66
59
8183
90
49
68
3 20.2 1 1
40.2 1
2013 2011 2013 2011 2013 2011 2013 2011 2013 2011 2013 2011 2013 2011
16-20 21-25 26-30 31-45 46-60 60+ Total
QE2. Have you used the Internet in the last 12 months? (by age)
Yes No Don't know
64
44
50
34
38
14
36
56
50
65
61
83
1
1
3
2013
2011
2013
2011
2013
2011
Yere
van
Oth
er
urb
anR
ura
lQE2. Have you used the Internet in the last 12 months?
(by settlement type)
Yes No Don't know what the Internet is
70 77
63
13 20
26
18
4 11
0.4
Yerevan Other Urban Rural
QE4. Internet access primary device, 2011
Computer Mobile phone Both Other
61 62 58
36 33
28
1 0.2 3 2 4
12
Yerevan Other urban Rural
QE9. Internet access primary device, 2013
Desktop computer Laptop/notebook/netbook Tablet Phone
90
3
3
0.2
0.6
2
65
14
13
3
1
5
At home
At workplace
Anywhere from my mobile phone
At Internet café
At university/school
Other
QE7. Places the Internet is most frequently used (% of users, N2013=656,
N2011=422)
2013 2011
29
24
17
11
6
8
4
1
1
33
20
11
10
8
8
7
1
0.3
Limited or no access to a computer/mobile phone
Age reasons/seniors
No interest
Not enough time
Internet or computer too difficult to use
No need/not useful
High prices for the Internet
Other
DK
The reason for not using the Internet (% of cases, QE48, N=749, 2013; QE37, N=976, 2011)
2013 2011
9
24
33
23
10
1
13
35 34
12
4
2
Up to 30 minutes From 30 minutes-1hour
2-3 hours 4-6 hours 7-12 hours 12 hours and more
How many hours daily on an average do you spend using the Internet?
(QE4, N2013=655, QE6, N2011=383)
2011 2013
90
41
31
3
54
13
54
31
3
36
88
26
36
5
32
26
34
18
2
28
Communicate with friends
Post photos, videos, music
Keep in touch with old friends from school or university
Satisfy freedom of expression and desire for information
Get information
Meet new people and be entertained
Messaging
Share information
Take quizzes
Play games
Activities performed in social networking sites (QE28, N2013=458, QE21,
N2011=894, multiple choices)
2013 2011
65
33
1 1 0.3 0.2
Odnoklassniki Facebook Moy Mir MySpace Twitter Other
QE26. Mostly used social networking sites (% among social networking site users, N2013=458, the list was updated)
81
12 2 4 1 1
Odnoklassniki Facebook Moy Mir Other DK Refuse
QE19. Mostly used social networking sites
(% among social networking site users, N2011=298)
Odnoklassniki Facebook Moy Mir Other DK Refuse
13
2 6
78
Yes, both Yes, only political Yes, only social No
QE30. Do you use social networking sites to share political or social news?
(%) (N2013=459)
Yes, both Yes, only political Yes, only social No
7 9
84
Yes, both Yes, only social No
QE23. Do you use social networking sites to share political or social news?
(%) (N2011=300)
34
59
10
2
62
33
74
No Watch videos Upload videos Share videos
Do you watch, upload or share videos on the Internet? (QE39, N2013=656,
QE29, N2011=442)
2013 2011
81
63
51
14 13
23
14
4
79
53
47
1410 9
4 3
Music Fun videos Films Sports Political content videos
News programs
Social content videos
Other
Videos watched on the sites (QE41, N2013=424, QE31, N2011=342, multiple
choice)
2013 2011
63
20132011
Have you ever made a political or social comment and posted online ?
(QE42, N2013=424, QE32, N2011=422, share of "yes"s)
70
20
8
30.2
64
26
7
20.1
Don't use blogs Don't know what blog is Read blogs Both read and write blogs Write blogs
Do you read or write blogs? (QE34, N2013=656, QE27, N2011=421)
2013 2011
27
19 19
27
7
1
1920
24
32
32
Not at all concerned
Somewhat concerned
Concerned Very concerned DK Refused
Concerns about the privacy on the Internet (QE46, N2013=656, QE36,
N2011=421)
2013 2011
37
19
17
15
8
2
0.3
2
Timeless/timesaving
Convenient to access
Free of charge
Available diversity of sources
The urgency/operativeness
The freedom of speech, theabsence of censorship
Environmentally friendly
Don't know
QE19. The best advantage of online
media (N2013=318)
25
25
24
16
0.8
7
2
Timeless/timesaving
Convenient toaccess
Available diversityof sources
Free of charge
Environmentallyfriendly
Other
DK
QE12. The best advantage of
online media(N2011=173)
What topics do you prefer to read in online newspapers/media?
(% in total of online newspapers/news readers, QE20, 318 respondents in 2013; QE13, 175 in
2011; multiple-response question)
Topics preferred 2013 2011
Politics 64 56
Society 49 33
Art/culture/literature 47 43
Sport 26 38
Fashion 28 35
Economics/Business news 18 23
Science/Technology 29 31
Celebrity news 42 41
Jobs/announcement 9 23
Other 3 5
Thank you