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ARITIFICIAL RETINATECHNOLOGY THAT MAKES BLIND TO ENJOY

THE VISION

PRESENTED BY:

G.ISHWARYA , A.KANCHANA, PRE-FINAL YEAR , B.Tech(IT)

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CONTENTSINTRODUCTIONROLE OF RETINAHISTORYMODELSHOW ASR WORKS?VISIBILITYTECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGESPROMISING ADVANCESDRAWBACKSCONCLUSION

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INTRODUCTIONMulti institutional effort to develop &

implant a device containing an array of micro electrodes into people’s eye blinded by retinal disease

The ultimate goal was to design a device to help restore vision that enables reading, unaided mobility & facial recognition

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HISTORYLeader Mark Humayun 2002- at Doheny Eye Institute of the

University Of South CaliforniaFirst device-16 micro electrodesEnable patients to distinguish light

from dark & localise large objects

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MODELSDeveloped by Second Sight Medical Products.MODEL 1(ARGUS I)i. Contains 16 micro electrodesii. Implanted in 6 blind people between 2002

& 2004 whose ages ranged from 56-77iii. Electrodes wirelessly communicate with

camera mounted on pair of glassesiv. Enables to detect when lights are on or off,

describe object’s motion, count individual items & locate objects in environment

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CONT...MODEL-1(ARGUS I)

A retinal prosthesis contains a small implantable chip with electrodes. These electrodes stimulate the retina and help people regain limited vision.

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CONT..MODEL 2(ARGUS II)i. More compact & smallerii. Contains 60 micro electrodesiii. Surgical time is reduced• MODEL 3i. Consists of more than 200 micro electrodesii. Undergone extensive fabrication & designiii. Uses more advanced materialsiv. Highly compact array

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HOW ASR WORKS?• Where is ASR placed? .How it

looks?

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CONT…

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VISIBILITY

IMAGES SHOWS WHICH TYPE OF IMAGE SEEN TO A BLIND PERSON USING ASR TECHNOLOGY.

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TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGESNumerous challenges- tomake it effective, safe & durableMust be biocompatible Resolution/ picture qualityImage processingSurgical implantation

The artificial retina consists of an electrode-studded soft polymer array (shown) that is tacked to the retina inside the eye.

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PROMISING ADVANCESAdvances in fabrication & packagingSoftening the rimImproving techniques to avoid short-circuitsDesign of novel, dual-sided IC

Fabricated 200+ thin-film electrode array. The metal traces forming the electrodes in the artificial retina are less than a micrometer thick—less than 1% the thickness of a human hair.

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DRAW BACKS• Miniaturization equipment and computers

–made artificial vision possible - not cheap

• Operation, equipment and necessary training cost $70,000 per patient

• Not work for blinded as children or as infants, because the visual cortex do not develop normally

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CONCLUSION

Thus the electronic eye aims at helping millions of blind and visually challenged

Artificial eye helps blind man walk safely around and read large letters

Invention is not only the fruit of one branch of science; It involves the participation of different branches of science

“WISHING A REMARKABLE PROGRESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS ARTIFICIAL VISION SYSTEM, SUCH THAT EACH AND EVERY BLIND PERSON TODAY, IS NEVER A BLIND TOMMOROW.”

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THANK YOU…!