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ARIGAS STAKEHOLDER PRELIMINARY RESULTS SHARING WORKSHOP CETRADS SOCIAL SURVEY ANALYSIS MAY 26 TH 2014 World Agroforestry Centre (WAC), NAIROBI Sarah Ogalleh & Alex Oduor

ARIGA S&STAKEHOLDER PRELIMINARY&RESULTS ......ARIGA’S&STAKEHOLDER PRELIMINARY&RESULTS&SHARING& WORKSHOP&&& CETRAD’S&SOCIAL&SURVEY&ANALYSIS&& MAY&26TH2014 World&Agroforestry&Centre&(WAC),&NAIROBI&

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Page 1: ARIGA S&STAKEHOLDER PRELIMINARY&RESULTS ......ARIGA’S&STAKEHOLDER PRELIMINARY&RESULTS&SHARING& WORKSHOP&&& CETRAD’S&SOCIAL&SURVEY&ANALYSIS&& MAY&26TH2014 World&Agroforestry&Centre&(WAC),&NAIROBI&

ARIGA’S  STAKEHOLDER  PRELIMINARY  RESULTS  SHARING  

WORKSHOP      

CETRAD’S  SOCIAL  SURVEY  ANALYSIS    MAY  26TH  2014  

World  Agroforestry  Centre  (WAC),  NAIROBI  Sarah  Ogalleh  &  Alex  Oduor  

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Data  collecPon  clusters    •  Cluster  1:  Gotu  springs:  near  the  Ewaso  Ngiro  River  .  The  spring  is  protected  by  fence  (Isiolo  county)    

•  Cluster  2:  Kubikalo,  Kom,  Dimatho,  Biliqo,  Biliqo  marara,  Bulesa,  Goda,  Malkafunan,  MerG  (Isiolo  County)  

•  Cluster  3:  Malkagala,  Basa  (Isiolo  County)  

•  Cluster  4:  Modogash  (remote  urban  seIng)  (Wajir  County)  

 

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•  Cluster  5:  Habaswein:  (Habaswein  township-­‐  considered  urban  seIng)  (Wajir  County)  

 •  Cluster  6:  Wajir:  urban  seIng    (Wajir  County)  

•  *Cluster  7:  Dadaab:    refugee  camp  (not  visited)  (Garissa  County)  

Data  collecPon  clusters    

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METHODOLOGY    

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METHODS  

•  Household  surveys  (HH)  (Total:  151)  

•  Expert  Interviews  (Total:  4)  

 

•  Key  informant  Interviews  (KI)  (Total:  30);  WV:16,  RWC:  2  

 

•  Focus  group  discussions  (FGDs)  (Total:  8)  

   

 ParPcipant  ObservaPon,  informal  interviews        

 

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HOUSEHOLD  SURVEYS    •  Targeted  households  from  every  cluster,  closed  quesGons  (QuanGtaGve  data),  &  open  ended  quesGons  (QualitaGve  data).  

•  Language  of  communicaGon  –  Swahili,  Somali  &  Borana    

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Key  informant  interviews  Targeted  the  local  leaders,  local  water  service  providers’  leadership,  county  leadership,  development  organizaGons  (local  and  internaGonal  NGOs);  Water  vendors,  random  water  collectors  

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Focus  group  discussions  (FGDs)  •  Mostly  aVended  by  15-­‐35  persons  per  meeGng  in  all  the  sites    

•  Language  of  communicaGon  –  English,  Kiswahili,  Borana,  Somali  (with  the  help  of  a  translator  in  different  sites)  

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Expert  Interviews    •  Targeted  the  water  ministers  –  at  county  levels,  water  experts  –  formerly  at  district  levels  –  water  engineers    

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PRELIMINARY  RESULTS      

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Are  households  aware  of  the  MerG  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  project,  &  where  was  the  informaGon  sourced?  

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Yes  32%  

No  68%  

Are  you  aware  of  the  Government  plan  to  develop  the  MerP-­‐Wajir  Water  pipeline  project?  

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68  

16  

3  

1  

6  

3  

1  

1  

2  

1  

0   10   20   30   40   50   60   70   80  

Have  never  goVen  any  of  the  informaGon    

From  other  people  /neighbours/friends  

From  friends  in  Wajir  

RelaGves  living  in  town  

Wajir  community  radio/Star  FM  

From  Habaswein  people  

From  NGOs  

Colleague  

From  a  poliGcian(county  rep)  

Government  officers  

Percentage  (%)  

Source  of  informaPon  about  the  MerP  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  Project  

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Understanding  of  the  MerG  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  Project    

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30  

25  

3  

1  

8  

6  

1  

1  

1  

2  

10  

1  

1  

1  

11  

5   10   15   20   25   30   35  

Total  lack  of  understanding  of  the  project  -­‐  no  previous  info  

It  is  a  good  project/plan  and  very  beneficial  to  all  of  us  

Heard  that  it  will  have  sufficient  water  for  domesGc,  livestock  and  agricultural  use  

It  will  be  a  soluGon  to  the  exisGng  challenges  in  Wajir  if  implemented  

Water  will  be  used  for  sewage  system  in  Wajir  

Worthy  investment  which  will  lead  to  developments  

Don’t  think  whether  the  investment  is  possible  for  now  

There  is  an  effort  by  government  to  address  water  shortage  in  Wajir  County  

It  is  an  underground  river  that  will  sustain  the  community  water  for  100  years  

We  need  to  know  purpose  /  objecGve  of  the  project;  otherwise  this  will  be  a  waste  of  government  resources  

The  water  from  merG  will  be  piped  to  wajir  for  use  

It  is  a  disadvantage  because  it  may  affect  our  water  sources  

Water  will  be  piped  to  meat  factory  in  Wajir    

no  informaGon,  we  need  capacity  building  for  the  project  

No  comment/response    

Percentage  (%)  

People's  understanding  of  the  investment  plans    of  the  MerP-­‐Wajir  Water  pipeline  project  

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Who  supports,  who  opposes,  to  what  extent?  

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0  

5  

10  

15  

20  

25  

30  

I  strongly  support  it  

I  somewhat  support  it  

I  do  not  support  it  nor  oppose  it  

I  somewhat  oppose  it  

I  strongly  oppose  it  

Missing  

Percen

t  (%)  p

er  cluster  

Respondent's  opinion    

Opinions  over  the  MerP  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  Project    

Cluster1  (Gotu)  

Cluster2  (MerG)  

Cluster3  (Basa)  

Cluster4  (Modogash)  

Cluster5  (Habaswein)  Cluster6  (Wajir)  

   KEY  

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Categories  of  Supporters/Opposers  

•  High  Interest  –  in  favour  of  the  MerG  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  project    

 

•  High  interest  –  opposed  to  the  project      

•  Low  interest  –  neutral  to  the  project      

•  Do  not  know/In  doubt/unsure  due  to  lack  of  informaGon    

 

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Overview  of  reasons  for  supporPng  or  opposing  the  project  (summary)  

20  

8  

4  

11  

1  

9  

2  

15  

5  

1  

1  

1  

1  

3  

10  

2  

5  

1  

3  

Due  to  its  importance(development  Project)  'maji  ni  uhai'  

I  have  liVle  informaGon  and  I  don’t  think  the  project  can  happen.  

We  need  it  because  of  the  water  crisis  we  have  experienced  

The  idea  is  good  and  beneficial  

It  is  not  a  priority;  other  issues  like  digging  borehole  for  moving  pastoralists  

Because  I  don’t  know  about  it.    I  need  more  informaGon  about  it  

Community  need  water  to  invest  in  agriculture  

People  will  get  sufficient  water  /  fresh  water  

The  government  might  not  actualize  it.(fake  promises)  

There  is  plenty  of  water  in  the  region  

We  will  get  permanent  homes  we  are  Gred  of  moving  from  place  to  place  

Does  not  concern  him  because  he  is  a  pastoralist  

It  will  lead  to  developing  wajir  because  many  projects  have  stalled  due  to  lack  of  

Is  not  in  our  territory  

It  doesn’t  have  any  impact/will  not  benefit  

It  will  help  neighbouring  communiGes  

Fears  that  there  might  be  shortage  if  merG  water  is  used  in  Wajir  

Government  should  actualize  it  

no  response    

0   5   10   15   20   25  Percentage  (%)  

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A)  High  interest  –  in  favour  of  the  project  

•  The  Wajir  County  Government  –    

•  The  governor,    •  the  water  minister  •  County  commissioner    •  Local  leadership  in  Wajir,  

Habaswein,  Modogash    •  NGO’s  especially  CRS,  

CARITAS,  Pastoral  organizaGon  in  Wajir,  ADESO-­‐Isiolo,    

•  Majority  of  Wajir  community    

Reasons  for  posiPon    –  WASH  -­‐water  sanitaGon  and  

health  will  be  enhanced    -­‐  dignity  of  people  of  Wajir  –  

now  using  bucket  toilets  -­‐  PoliGcal  mileage  (not  

menGoned,  may  be  a  good  reason  for  support)  

   

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2  

1  

1  

3  

1  

1  

9  

1  

1  

1  

78  

0   10   20   30   40   50   60   70   80   90  

There  must  be  ,  but  I  do  not  know  them  

I    hope    so  but    I  don’t    know  them  

So  many  because  they  need  the  project  to  pick  up  

It  is  a  beneficial  project  

It  will  be  important  to  agriculture  (  give  room  for  farming  and  water  livestock)  

It  paves  way  for  improved  sanitaGon  

People  are  in  dire  need  of  water  

Because  there  is  sufficient  water  

Wajir  town  chief  

Area  Member  of  NaGonal  Assembly(MNA)  

no  response  given  

Percentage  (%)  

Reasons  for  supporPng  the  project  

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What  would  make  those  supporGng  change  their  minds?  

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9  

37  

5  

2  

4  

1  

5  

1  

5  

1  

1  

3  

1  

25  

0   5   10   15   20   25   30   35   40  

Do  not  know  

no  given  condiGon    

I  don’t  know  but  I  don’t    think  I  can  oppose  

If  is  given  to  corrupt  people  who  embezzle  projects  money  

If  it  requires  residents  to  contribute  money  towards  the  project.  

If  they  impose  high  bills  

If  we  ask  to  contribute  money  

If  it  will  lead  to  unemployment  for  those  involved  in  water  business  

If  it  brings  community  conflict  

If  it  will  help  only  one  tribe/town  to  benefit  

If  many  people  oppose  it  ,  I  will  oppose  for  it  will  be  bad  

If  we  will  not  benefit  from  it  

Take  too  long  to  kick  off  

no  response  given  

Percentage  (%)  

CondiPons  under  which  those  supporPng  the  project  will  oppose  it  

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B)  High  interest:  Opposed  to  the  project  Persons/InsPtuPons  •  Jiko  la  Akina  mama  women  

group  (Habaswein)  –  very  powerful  and  vigilant    

 •  Community  in    Habaswein,  

Dimatho,  Biliqo,  Bulesa    

 

Reasons  for  posiPon  •  Sustainability  of  the  water  

over  the  years  

•  ‘….We  do  not  have  any  water,  if  there  is  any  water  underground,  we  should  have  it  first.  I  understand  that  Wajir  people  have  some  salty  water,  at  least  they  have  some  water,  we  don’t  have  any!...’  

 

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45  

23  

3  

2  

1  

4  

5  

1  

1  

6  

1  

3  

8  

0   5   10   15   20   25   30   35   40   45   50  

No  expected  disadvantage  from  the  proposed  project    

Do  not  know  

May  be  is  so  expensive  to  maintain  /run  (fuel)  

It  may  take  long/let  half  way  

People  may  oppose  the  project  

If  they  impose  a  fee  for  some  people  cannot  afford  to  pay.  

Drying  of  wells(  Borehole)  

It  will  interfere  with  underground  piping  that  requires  to  pass  through  people’s  plots  

Water  vendors  will  lose  market  

It  may  be  poliGcized  hence  sparking  violence/conflict  

Water  may  not  be  enough  to  supply  the  whole  Wajir  county  

Water  shortage  in  merG  if  we  share  with  Wajir  

no  response  given    

Percentage  (%)  

PotenPal  reasons  for  opposiPon  of  MerP-­‐Wajir  pipeline  to  community  

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8  

16  

1  

2  

1  

4  

1  

1  

1  

1  

65  

0   10   20   30   40   50   60   70  

do  not  know  

If  we  are  consulted  and  educated  more  about  the  project  

It  is  only  benefiGng  Wajir  

If  it  will  provide  enough  water  for  irrigaGon  and  watering  animals  and  other  uses  that  may  arise  

If  it  will  be  affordable  to  the  poorest  in  Wajir  county  and  also  accessible  to  all  

If    we  will  also  be  beneficiaries  

If  water  basin  underground  is  sufficient  for  this  water  supply  

If  meat  industry  will  be  established  in  Habaswein  

IrrigaGon  will  be  put  in  place  in  Habaswein  

If  water  will  be  free  

no  response  

Percentage  (%)  

CondiPons  under  which  those  opposing  the  project  will  support  it    

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C)  Low  interest:  Neutral    •   A  few  Individual  

community  members  from  Wajir  (‘..why  would  they  give  us  ‘their’  water,  let  us  look  for  our  own  water’)  

•  Some  of  the  community  members  at  Gotu  springs  (“…if  our  chief  has  said  its  ok  to  take  water  to  Wajir,  I  don’t  have  a  problem…he  has  said  it!”)  (Gotu  female  household  interviewee,  April  2014)  

Reasons  for  posiPon    •  Need  for  exploraGon  of  other  alternaGves  for  water  sourcing  other  than  the  MerG  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  Project  –  ‘independence  sort  of  feeling’  

•  Local  leadership  voice  support    

•  The  project  will  not  affect  them    

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D)  Do  not  know/In  doubt/unsure  due  to  lack  of  informaPon      

Individual/community    •  Gotu  local  leadership    •  CommuniGes  from  Malkagalla,  Bulesa,  Basa  

 •  Community  in  MerG    

Reasons  for  the  posiPon    •  ‘We  don’t  know  if  the  

water  is  taken  to  Wajir,  it  will  affect  our  spring/our  boreholes,  if  it  will  not,  then  we  support,  if  it  does,  then  we  don’t  support  it,  but  we  do  not  have  informaIon  to  help  us  make  that  decision’    

•  ‘We  want  informaIon  to  be  able  to  decide  if  we  support  or  not!’  

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•  Demand  for  payment  for  meeGng  aVendance    in  some  places.  

•  The  poor  road  network    •  CommunicaGon  barriers    •  AcclimaGzaGon  related  challenges  –  weather,  food  that  caused  many  of  the  team  members  to  get  sick  

•  Project  names  issues  –  ‘MerG  Wajir  water  pipeline’  versus  ‘Wajir  project’  versus  ‘Habaswein  project’  

Challenges    

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Conclusions    •  The  proposed  project  of  MerG  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  Project  is  not  known  to  majority  of  the  persons  in  the  6  sites  we  visited.  Out  of  the  6  clusters,  only  Wajir  and  Habaswein  are  well  informed,  but  then  for  the  wrong  reasons.    

•  The  other  sites  :  MerG,  Malkagala,  Bulesa,  Goda,  Biliqo,  Basa,  Gotu  are  not  aware  of  the  project.  Very  few  from  these  areas  are  aware  of  the  project,  but  through  ‘word  of  mouth’  &  other  unreliable  sources.    

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Conclusions    •  The  power  of  the  local  leadership  to  change  the  percepGons  of  the  people  about  the  project  –  but  it  will  take  at  least  6  months  of  in-­‐depth  negoGaGon    

 •  The  biggest  obstacles  to  the  project  could  be  the  Habaswein  Community,  mostly  –  Jiko  la  akina  mama  women  group.  Men  from  Habaswein  and  local  leadership  are  not  enGrely  against  the  project,  and  can  be  easily  convinced  to  support  the  project  with  good  reasons    

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Conclusions    •  ‘Could  it  be  a  pipe  dream?’  The  proposiGon  to  explore  other  sources  of  water  for  Wajir,  other  than  the  MerG  Wajir  Water  pipeline  project  can  be  mostly  associated  with  doubt  that  the  MerG  Wajir  Water  Pipeline  project  will  ever  be  ‘realized’.    

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Acknowledgements    •  Local  communiGes  from  Wajir,  

Habaswein,  Modogash,  Isiolo,  MerG,  Basa,Malkagalla,  Bulesa,  Goda,  Malkafnan  

•  The  local  leadership  –  chiefs  &  sub-­‐chiefs  from  the  various  clusters  

•  The  water  service  providers  –  MerG,  Basa,  Bulesa    

•  Senator  (Wajir),  MP-­‐  Diriiye,  Eng.  Mohamed,  Water  Minister-­‐  Wajir  &  others    

•  ICRAF  &  CETRAD  ARIGA  staff    •  The  Research  &  data  entry  team:  

Shamsa,  Fahriya,  AbdifaVah,  Jillo,  Abdi,  Alex  &  Sarah,  Dickson  and  Mercy      

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The  end    

THANK  YOU  VERY  MUCH  FOR  YOUR  ATTENTION  J    

   QuesIons,  comments  are  

welcome