ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19991

Power Cycle Modeling and Cost Validation

L. M. WaganerThe Boeing Company

7 October 1999E-meeting

ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19992

Design Basis for Large Cogeneration Plant

• Use the ARIES-AT power core as the basis for the large hydrogen/electricity cogeneration plant– Scale plant size to 3 and 4 GWe (two cases)

– Use best ARIES blanket and power cycle configuration

– Add heat exchanger downstream of helium turbine for low temperature heat for hydrogen electrolyzer

ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19993

Assess Impact to ARIES-AT Power Cycle to Remove Electrolyzer Heat

• Rene Raffray conducted an analysis of latest and highest efficiency power cycle

• Scaled results to 4 GWe (net) regime

• Cycle efficency impact assessed

• Modes of operation– Nominally 4 GWe operation (no hydrogen)– Same thermal output with 2 GWe to grid plus

2 GWe and 375 MWt to electrolyzer

ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19994

Modified Power Cycle Schematic

Intercooler 1 Intercooler 2

Compressor 1Compressor 2

Compressor 3

Heat RejectionHX

Wnet

Turbine

Recuperator

Blanket

IntermediateHX

5'

1

2.A2.A'

3

8

9

4

7'9'

10

6

T

S

1

2.A

3

4

5 6 7 8

9 10

Divertor(and FW)

LiPb blanketcoolant

He Divertor(and FW)coolant

Brayton Cycle for LiPb Blanket with He-Cooled Divertor andElectrolyzer Heat Exchanger

A. R. Raffray/September 23, 1999

11

11

Thermal Powerto Electrolyzer

Water

2.B

2.B

• All electric operation would bypass electrolyzer HX - Cycle efficiency is 60.2%

• Extracting 375 MWt from HX lowers efficiency to 57.3%- Maximum helium temperature is maintained at 1100°C with same thermal power input- Less heat is recovered in recuperator- Lower temperature coolant to divertor and blanket- Reduced coolant flow rate

1100°C/1100°C

704°C/ 687°C

ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19995

Power Cycle DataParameter W/o Electrolyzer

W/Electrolyzer

Thermal Power, MWt 8030 8030

Electrolyzer Thermal Power, MWt 0 375

Electrical Power to Grid, MWe 4202 2000

Elect. Power to Electrolyzer, MWe 0 2000

Brayton Cycle Efficiency, % 60.2 57.3

Carnot Efficiency, % 77.6 77.6The bottom line is that the same plant can generate 202 MWe more in all electric mode. In the cogeneration mode, 375 MWt and 2000 MWe is used in the electrolyzer to generate 2220 MW H2 (enough hydrogen for 2.5 million fuel cell powered cars.)

ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19996

Material Cost Validation- Stainless Steel Basic Structure -

• PPPL asked Boeing (L. Waganer) to develop a preconceptual design and cost estimate for the FIRE tokamak support structure

• Support structure system includes flexible gravity supports, assembly structures, and radial and vertical restraint structures

• Material is mostly 304 or 316 stainless steel

• Radial compression rings and center tierod column are laminated structures to reduce eddy currents

ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19997

Schematic of FIRE Support

Structure

ARIES Study

L. M. Waganer, 9 August 19998

Structure Cost Results• Data has not been accepted by PPPL, so handle

data as preliminary and proprietary• Structure is large and heavy • Average unit cost (from Boeing) ~ $42/kg

– First of a kind– 10th of a kind @ 85%LC ~ $24.5/kg– Assembly and testing costs not included– Integrating contractor fees not included

• These data seem to correlate well with ASC costing algorithms