Argument Writing Revisited

Claim + Counterclaim

• Claim = An arguable statement; the writer wants the reader to accept the claim as truth.

• Counterclaim = A claim that disagrees with the statement• Example - “Although Dwight D. Eisenhower presents a

very strong argument on how nations become able to easily manipulate more military power, Einstein’s argument stands strong as he presents his idea that people should base their military need on trust and loyalty of other nations.”

Objection

• Objection = Put yourself in your opponent’s shoes! Anticipate an objection he or she may make and present that in your writing. • ie - “The reader may instantly assume this claim that all

students should study Art in school reduces English and Math scores because of recent news reports.”

Concessions + Refutation

• Concession = Acknowledging an opponent’s point of view; is always followed by a refutation. Think of the word “concede”.

• Refutation = Disproves opposing arguments by showing that they are untrue and/or wrong; always follows a concession

Graphic Organizer

A quick review of things being forgotten….

Hook

• Hook = An engaging first sentence for readers• Pro Tip – This is a great place to use figurative language

such as metaphors or similes. • Example – “Peace, trust, and confidence really set a

nation apart from the others. Whether the strength comes from the mighty military buildup, or just from trusting other nations, what they present becomes able to either make or break them.”

T.A.G

• T.A.G = Title. Author. Genre. Lets the audience know what article/book/poem etc. you are going to be writing about.

• Needs to be in your introductory paragraph• Pro Tip – One sentence description about what that piece of

writing is about “sets the stage” for the rest of you essay.• Example – In “Farewell Address” by Dwight D. Eisenhower

and “Peace in the Atomic Age” by Albert Einstein, the two writers disagree over how much military power should remain necessary in a nation.”

Thesis

• What – Tells your reader exactly what you are writing about and what your main points are.

• Why – Gives them an idea as to what to expect in your writing so they can follow along easier.

• Pro Tip – In that thesis write which side you will be supporting(not using personal pronouns). This will strengthen your essay considerably for the Organization and Ideas/Content Standards.

Thesis continued

• Example – “Although Dwight D. Eisenhower presents a very strong argument on how nations become able to easily manipulate more military power, Einstein’s argument stands strong as he presents his idea that people should base their military need on trust and loyalty of other nations.”

MLA In-Text Citations

• “Quote goes here” (Authors LAST NAME page #).• After you use their full name in you INTRO

PARAGRAPH, you only mention them by their

LAST NAME. ie – Einstein, Eisenhower, Wiesel

DO NOT call them – Albert, Albert Einstein,

Mr. Albert Einstein, Mr. Einstein or Al.

Time Limit

• 80 minutes to Read and Write a Five Body Paragraph essay

• Is it better to finish with weaker paragraphs or have stronger paragraphs and not finish? – Stay Strong. Your essay is better if you have three strong paragraphs then if you have five weak paragraphs.

• Pro Tip – If you can’t finish your essay, create a New Paragraph for your conclusion even if you only have 1-2 body paragraphs.

And now for some Communism

Karl Marx, 1818-1883

Communism Main Points

• Central banking system

• Government controlled education

• Government controlled labor

• Government ownership of transportation and communication

vehicles

• Government ownership of agricultural means and factories

• Total abolition of private property

• Property rights confiscation

• Heavy income tax on everyone

• Elimination of rights of inheritance

• Regional planning

Socialism Main Points

• Emphasis on profits being redistributed

• Freedom of religion

• While there are different social classes, the emphasis is on

individual input based upon level of potential contribution

• Individuals have the right to private property

• All health care and education is provided through a socialized

system funded by taxation

Paperclip Economy Activity

Points Covered

Communism Private ownership of industry

Freedom of competition – The chance to better ones economic standing = Typically leads to a highly uneven economic classes

Socialism Government ownership of industry

Attempts to bring economic equality