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Argument in the AP English Language Classroom Don Stoll Rowan University

Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

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Argument in the AP English Language Classroom. Don Stoll Rowan University. Argument vs. Persuasion. Definition of Argument Reasoned inquiry- logos Rational discourse Seeking common ground-ethos Rhetoric Definition of Persuasion A question of belief and preference-pathos Manipulate-able. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Don Stoll

Rowan University

Page 2: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Argument vs. Persuasion Definition of Argument

Reasoned inquiry-logos Rational discourse Seeking common ground-ethos

Rhetoric Definition of Persuasion

A question of belief and preference-pathos Manipulate-able

Page 3: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Types of Argument Argument of Fact

Something is or is not the case Causal argument

Arguments of Value Something is or is not desirable Evaluations of quality or worth according to

accepted criteria Argument of Policy

Something should or should not be done

Page 4: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Toulmin Model - terminology Claim - an assertion Support - data used as evidence, reasons, or

grounds Warrant - assumption shared by the writer & the

reader Backing - data/assurances to support the

warrant Qualifier - restrictor Reservation - explains the qualifier Rebuttal - objections to claim and/or warrant

Page 5: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

The Toulmin Sentence Because (data as support), therefore, or so

(qualifier?) (claim), since (warrant), because, or on account of (backing), unless (reservation).

Because of the new cell phone law, in most cases no one should call while driving since it is good to obey the law because if the law is broken it means a heavy fine unless, of course, there is an emergency.

Page 6: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Writing the Toulmin Sentence Claim - People should wear seatbelts Support - High rate of serious injury in accidents

when seatbelts are not worn Warrant -Serious injury should be avoided Backing - serious injury is costly, painful, and

dangerous Qualifier - Typically Reservation - cases where seatbelts may be

dangerous like small children Rebuttal -High rate of serious injury when seatbelts are worn

Page 7: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Toulmin Sentence…. Because of the high rate of serious injury in accidents

when seatbelts are not worn, in most instances we should all wear seatbelts. This is true because avoiding serious injury is good. Serious injury can be costly, painful, and dangerous. Of course there are situations when seatbelts may be dangerous such as in the case of small children who might have their necks broken by the seatbelt. While some may say there is a high rate of serious injury when seat belts are worn, such as when the car goes underwater or bursts into flames, having a device to cut the seatbelt near at hand in such cases is better than not wearing a seatbelt at all.

Page 8: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Writing the Toulmin Sentence - Again Claim - Sweetened soft drinks should be removed

from the school’s vending machines Support - high obesity of teens in our school Warrant - sweetened soft drinks lead to fat teens Backing - obesity leads to heart disease and diabetes Qualifier - After it is cleared by the administration Reservation - People who need sweetened food in

an emergency like diabetics Rebuttal - Tens should be encouraged to take

responsibility for their own health and make their own decisions.

Page 9: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Writing the Toulmin Sentence - Claim of Fact Claim - Students who work hard in high

school do better in college Support - There is greater demand for AP

courses Warrant - Backing - Qualifier - Reservation - Rebuttal -

Page 10: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Writing the Toulmin Sentence - Claim of Value Claim - Faux news programs are a great

addition to television Support People who are aware of current

events are better off than being ignorant Warrant - Backing - Qualifier - Reservation - Rebuttal -

Page 11: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Writing the Toulmin Sentence - Claim of Policy Claim - Department chairs should receive

extensive training in management skills Support - The new principal is decentralizing

power Warrant - Backing - Qualifier - Reservation - Rebuttal -

Page 12: Argument in the AP English Language Classroom

Further Reading http://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/argument/toulmin.html http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/teaching/co300man/list10.cfm http://www.unl.edu/speech/comm109/Toulmin/index.htm http://www.public.asu.edu/~macalla/toulmintime.html