Literature Review Paper Presentation - Prevalence of Domestic Violence Among Veterans
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1. Prevalence of Domestic Violence Among Veterans Frank
Wimberly PSY 492, 2010 1
2. Research QuestionHas exposure to combat and military culture
made domestic violence more prevalent among military families?
3. TopicSince September 11, 2001, more than 1.5 million troops
have been deployed in support of the war efforts in Iraq and
Afghanistan. (Savitsky, Illingworth, & Dulaney, 2009).
4. TopicDeployment to a combat theater requires the soldier to
be hypervigilant and face their adversaries with aggression and
courage.Can this lifestyle and core tenet of survival can lead to
inappropriate aggression that may result in domestic violence?
5. Study Combat Experience and Youth 1983 Conducted by the
Veterans Administration Petrik, Rosenberg, & Watson Is exposure
to combat a contributing factor to domestic violence 101 male
participants 54 combat veterans 47 non-combatPetrik, N. D.,
Rosenberg, A. M., & Watson, C. G. (1983). Combat experience and
youth: influences on reported violence against women. Professional
Psychology: Research and Practice, 14(6), 895-899. doi:
10.1037/0735-7028.14.6.895
6. StudyCombat Experience and Youth Strengths Examined combat
veterans Weaknesses Small study sample Participants were diagnosed
inpatients Results were manipulated All 54 combat veterans
committed acts of domestic violence Study claimed only 20%
7. Study Definition of Domestic Violence Publication made by
the National Center for Victims of Crime. Defined Violent and
Non-Violent forms of domestic violenceNCVC.org. (2008). Definition
of domestic violence. National Center for Victims of Crime.
Retrieved November 28, 2011, from
http://www.ncvc.org/ncvc/main.aspx?dbName=DocumentViewer&DocumentID=32347
8. StudyDefinition of Domestic Violence Strengths Gave a clear
definition of domestic violence Physical and Non-Physical forms
Weaknesses Not a Peer Reviewed Study Compulsive need to define
subject matter
9. Study Risk for Domestic Violence Study intended to identify
the extent and potential of domestic violence, and advocate for
mental health providers to routinely screen for this condition. The
research uncovered markers that were common in the majority of
domestic violence cases to assist mental health providers in
identifying perpetrators and victims.Riggs, D. S., Caulfield, M.
B., & Street, A. E. (2000). Risk for domestic violence: factors
associated with perpetration and victimization. Journal of Clinical
Psychology, 56(10), 1289-1316. doi: 10.1002/1097-
4679(200010)56:103.0.CO;2-Z
10. StudyRisk for Domestic Violence Strengths Identified the
risk factors Advocated the need for screening of patients
Weaknesses Limited demographic Failed to asses professions Review
of previous studies Inconsistent methods of gathering data
11. Study Risk and Resilience in Military Families Experiencing
Deployment Study discussed military deployment as a significant
stressor in military families. Addresses the phases deployment, and
the psychological struggles a military family must contend with.
This study identified deployment as a three phrase process
detailing the stressor caused by the separation and reunion of
military personnel.Riggs, S. A., & Riggs, D. S. (2011). Risk
and resilience in military families experiencing deployment: The
role of the family attachment network. Journal of Family
Psychology. doi: 10.1037/a0025286
12. StudyRisk and Resilience in Military Families Experiencing
Deployment Strengths Specifically examined the stressors that are
unique to military life Excellent study that addressed military
culture Weaknesses Study only assessed two parent households
13. Study Americas Military Population Study discussed
demographics of the United States military population. Gives
detailed information regarding age, economics, race, and religion
of military servicemen.Segal, D. R., & Wechsler-Segal, M.
(2004, December). Americas military population. Defense Equal
Opportunity Management. Retrieved from
http://www.deomi.org/contribute/DiversityMgmt/documents/AmericasMilitaryPopulation2004.pdf
14. StudyAmericas Military Population Strengths Provided raw
statistical data Useful to compare to other studies Weaknesses Did
not provide economic information pertaining to salaries of
servicemen and their living expenses
15. Study Civilian social work: serving the military and
veteran populations Study discussed the unique cultural aspects of
working with a military personnel and veterans. Examine the impact
of military lifestyle on the social workers servicing this
population. Advocates that social workers obtain a competent
knowledge of military life to competently serve this
populationSavitsky, L., Illingworth, M., & Dulaney, M. (2009).
Civilian social work: serving the military and veteran populations.
Social Work, 54(4), 327-339. Retrieved from
http://web.ebscohost.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/ehost/detail?sid=e8de0409-d783-4a17-a3e0-
0ed13b6880da%40sessionmgr113&vid=4&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=pbh&
AN=4535715
16. StudyCivilian social work: serving the military and veteran
populations Strengths Addressed the military attitude Looked at
specifically at military domestic issues Discussed all major
domestic violence markers Weaknesses None, it was a very through
study
17. Study Alcohol Use Disorder History Moderates the
Relationship Between Avoidance Coping and Posttraumatic Stress
Symptoms Study discussed substance abuse a symptom of avoidance
behavior. Give statistical information regarding commonality of
binge drinking among military personnel with PTSD.Hruska, B.,
Fallon, W., Spoonster, E., Sledjeski, E. M., & Delahanty, D. L.
(2011). Alcohol use disorder history moderates the relationship
between avoidance coping and posttraumatic stress symptoms.
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 25(3), 405-414. doi:
10.1037/a0022439
18. StudyAlcohol Use Disorder History Moderates theRelationship
Between Avoidance Copingand Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Strengths
Addressed the commonality of substance abuse and PTSD in military
personnel Weaknesses Majority of participants were male African
Americans Failed to use a representative sample of the military
population
19. Study Family and Couples Treatment for Newly Returning
Veterans Study is an assessment by civilian psychologists of
returning veterans to determine if they are at risk for depression,
posttraumatic stress disorder, and alcohol use disorders. In
addition, the issue of increased incidents and risk factors of
domestic violence are examined.Makin-Byrd, K., Gifford, E., Susan,
M., & Glynn, S. (2011). Family and couples treatment for newly
returning veterans. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,
42(1), 47-55. doi: 10.1037/a0022292
20. StudyFamily and Couples Treatment for NewlyReturning
Veterans Strengths Assessment made by civilian psychologists Cited
the necessity of proper treatment Made recommendation to train
civilian psychologist regarding military needs Weaknesses Peer
reviewed article of 12 studies
21. Study Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in a
Representative U.S. Air Force Sample Study examined the prevalence
of domestic violence in the armed forces, and the stressor
associated with long term deployments. Study defined acts of
aggression their impact on clinical services, and examined the risk
for domestic violence based on gender, race/ethnicity, pay grade,
religious faith, marital status, and career type.Foran, H. M.,
Slep, A. M., & Heyman, R. E. (2011). Prevalences of intimate
partner violence in a representative U.S. Air Force sample. Journal
of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(3), 391-397. Retrieved
from
http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/861786324?accountid=34899
22. StudyPrevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in
aRepresentative U.S. Air Force Sample Strengths Study used a
representative sample Defined acts of domestic violence Weaknesses
Study was based solely on U.S. Air Force personnel Did not address
the issue of direct combat exposure
23. Study Intimate Partner Violence in the United States Study
provided statistical information regarding the prevalence of
domestic violence in the civilian population.BJS. (2006). Intimate
Partner Violence in the United States (United States, U.S.
Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics). Washington,
DC: Department of Justice.
24. StudyIntimate Partner Violence in the UnitedStates
Strengths Raw statistical data necessary for comparison to
previously introduced data Weaknesses Not a Peer Reviewed
study
25. ConclusionThis is a complex subject that has several
conflicting studies. It appears that the military is addressing
domestic violence as real issue worthy of concern. However, current
studies have not used a representative sample or they are based on
self-reporting data.
26. Conclusion The Military Report Card Concerning Domestic
Violence and Sexual Assault, including compliance with the
Lautenberg Amendment Study summarized the finding, recommendations,
and implementation of Department of Defenses task force on domestic
violence. This committee made 193 recommendations with an emphasis
on continuing domestic violence education programs, and
communication with local law enforcement. It also made
recommendations that the military encourage its members to receive
counseling and eliminate the negative stigma associated with
it.Somerville, K. (2009). The military report card concerning
domestic violence and sexual assault, including compliance with the
lautenberg amendment. Family Law Quarterly, 43(2), 301-314.
Retrieved from
https://login.libproxy.edmc.edu/login?=?url=http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/2228453
26?accountid=34899
27. ConclusionThe Military Report Card ConcerningDomestic
Violence and SexualAssault, including compliance with theLautenberg
Amendment Strengths Objective evaluation of the militarys view of
domestic violence as an issue. Weaknesses Data used in the study
was based on self- reporting information disclosed by the
military
28. RecommendationsFuture studies should refrain from using
self-reporting dataStudy samples should represent all military
branches and occupational specialties
29. ReferencesBJS. (2006). Intimate Partner Violence in the
United States (United States, U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of
Justice Statistics). Washington, DC: Department of Justice.Foran,
H. M., Slep, A. M., & Heyman, R. E. (2011). Prevalences of
intimate partner violence in a representative U.S. Air Force
sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(3),
391-397. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/861786324?accountid=34899Hruska,
B., Fallon, W., Spoonster, E., Sledjeski, E. M., & Delahanty,
D. L. (2011). Alcohol use disorder history moderates the
relationship between avoidance coping and posttraumatic stress
symptoms. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 25(3), 405-414. doi:
10.1037/a0022439Makin-Byrd, K., Gifford, E., Susan, M., &
Glynn, S. (2011). Family and couples treatment for newly returning
veterans. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 42(1),
47-55. doi: 10.1037/a0022292NCVC.org. (2008). Definition of
domestic violence. National Center for Victims of Crime. Retrieved
November 28, 2011, from
http://www.ncvc.org/ncvc/main.aspx?dbName=DocumentViewer&DocumentID=32347Petrik,
N. D., Rosenberg, A. M., & Watson, C. G. (1983). Combat
experience and youth: influences on reported violence against
women. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 14(6),
895-899. doi: 10.1037/0735-7028.14.6.895Riggs, D. S., Caulfield, M.
B., & Street, A. E. (2000). Risk for domestic violence: factors
associated with perpetration and victimization. Journal of Clinical
Psychology, 56(10), 1289-1316. doi:
10.1002/1097-4679(200010)56:103.0.CO;2-ZRiggs, S. A., & Riggs,
D. S. (2011). Risk and resilience in military families experiencing
deployment: The role of the family attachment network. Journal of
Family Psychology. doi: 10.1037/a0025286Savitsky, L., Illingworth,
M., & Dulaney, M. (2009). Civilian social work: serving the
military and veteran populations. Social Work, 54(4), 327-339.
Retrieved from
http://web.ebscohost.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/ehost/detail?sid=e8de0409-d783-4a17-a3e0-
0ed13b6880da%40sessionmgr113&vid=4&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=pbh&AN=45357151Segal,
D. R., & Wechsler-Segal, M. (2004, December). Americas military
population. Defense Equal Opportunity Management. Retrieved from
http://www.deomi.org/contribute/DiversityMgmt/documents/AmericasMilitaryPopulation2004.pdfSomerville,
K. (2009). The military report card concerning domestic violence
and sexual assault, including compliance with the lautenberg
amendment. Family Law Quarterly, 43(2), 301-314. Retrieved from
https://login.libproxy.edmc.edu/login?=?url=http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/222845326?accountid=34899