Power Transformers and Reactorsfor Power Generation and

Transmission Networks

T&D

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Our expertise extends to all levels fromgenerator transformers to reactors to HVDC

or phase shifter transformers and beyond.

Generator transformers100 MVA 275/13,2/13,2 kV for AGL,

Hallet power plant.Australia

Cover Image:An insulation levelalready ahead of it’stime: single phaseauto-transformers500 MVA 765/400/20 kVin operation since theearly 80’s for EDELCA.Venezuela

A pioneer in this field, AREVA T&D

has transformers operating in all the

major power networks around the

world. We have supplied all types of

transformers and reactors with the

highest rated power and voltage

levels possible.

Examples of some of our key

installations around the world include

Our R&D laboratories are dedicated

to power transformers; our central

technical department and its 40

senior R&D engineers are always in

the lead for innovations in the power

transformer and reactor domain.

AREVA experts have mastered the

analysis of complex phenomena to

design and manufacture the safest

transformers for your network.

Examples of topics under

development and in constant

evolution are partial discharge

monitoring and diagnostics, scientific

calculation for transformer modeling

and applications in transient behavior,

frequency response analysis, as well

as dielectric system development for

validation of innovative insulating

structures up to 800 kV. We work on

the cutting edge of state-of-the-art

manufacturing techniques and our

goal is to seek constant progress.

single phase shunt reactors with

ratings of 765 kV - 110 MVAr for the

HYDRO QUEBEC network in Canada;

HVDC converter transformers rated at

234 MVA - 400 kV for an Indian HVDC

link; single phase auto-transformers

with ratings of 525/460 kV - 250 MVA

for the FURNAS network in Brazil;

three-phase 765 kV - 245 MVA

generator transformers for a DYNEGY

power station in the USA; or single-

phase 525 kV - 375 MVA step up

transformers for nuclear power

stations in China.

With our experience, we offer you the

best solution to meet your needs and

requirements, and the same top class

level of quality from each of our ten

power transformer factories.

AREVA T&D, your global specialist in energy transmission, is one ofthe world leaders for transformers, auto-transformers and reactors.Our expertise extends to all levels from generator transformers toreactors to HVDC or phase-shifting transformers and beyond for allyour needs with strong references up to 800 kV and 2750 MVA.

With ten power transformer factories on four continents and apresence in over 100 countries, AREVA T&D is there when andwhere you need us.

> A world leader in transformers for over 100 years

> Broad technical expertise builton strong Research and Development

AREVA T&D – Your GlobalPartner for PowerTransmission Solutions

CAD at drawing department. Finite Element Analysis (Electro-static study). - HVDC Converter Transformer.

Regions of impulse voltagestress (Voltsp /m).

Regions of DC voltagestress (Voltsdc /m).

The MS 2000 is recognized as the

most accurate monitoring system in

the world, taking advantage of

AREVA-wide technical expertise on

transformer design, operation and

maintenance. MS 2000 guarantees

you a reliable electrical power supply

while reducing your maintenance

expenditures and managing your

transformer’s life cycle. It offers

continuous transformer supervision,

early detection of incipient fault for

condition-based maintenance, as

well as knowledge of remaining

transformer life.

Flexible and modular, MS 2000 can be

specified on new transformers or

retrofitted on transformers already in

service. All our transformers above 100

MVA are pre-equipped for monitoring.

All our factories are equipped with

the most modern, high-performance

testing equipment available and

some are also qualified as

certification centers. When a

transformer leaves the AREVA T&D

factory for your site, you know that

every step has been taken to

ensure its quality and reliability and

that the performance meets your

specific requirements.

The AREVA quality management program goes beyond the ISO 9001: 2000 qualification and our power transformer design

and manufacturing sites are able to offer you reliable products that require minimal maintenance. At AREVA T&D, we have

a worldwide concept of quality that guides our design and production techniques. This is complemented by an intensive

program to implement standardized software and production rules in all our plants. Our central technical management team

guarantees the highest expertise implementation in all our factories. You can expect the same world-class level of quality in

all our power transformer facilities and from all our engineers throughout the world.

More than 55 transformers of different designs have successfully gone through short circuit testing, and most of our

transformers and reactors have long surpassed their life expectancy and are still in service. The quality of our design as well

as the manufacturing processes and controls have been validated by time.

> We deliver what we promise

> AREVA’s innovative monitoring solution

We work on the cutting edge ofstate-of-the-art manufacturing techniques.

Three phase 765 kV245 MVA generatortransformer duringlightning impulse testfor Dynegy.Rolling Hill power plant.USA

> Guaranteed global quality

> A broad spectrumof support andmaintenance services

AREVA T&D professionals manage

your project exceeding standard

contract commitment: from the

specification of your needs through

the optimization of the equipment

life. We offer a large spectrum of

services which are supported by

our technical experience for

transformers and their equipment:

oil analysis in AREVA laboratories,

on-site assembly supervision,

commissioning, training, site

diagnostic, preventive maintenance,

retrofitting and repairs.

AREVA T&D has over 15 globally

based service centers around the

world, which bring our technical

expertise closer to you. We are

there when and where you need us

whether it’s for routine maintenance

work or emergency situations.

Three phase transformer120 MVA 220/63/10,5 kV forSONELGAZ.Algeria

Transformer during erection on site underAREVA supervision. Sydney South.

Australia

Shipping of maintransformer package.

From the conception to thecommissioning of yourprojects, we help guaranteethe overall reliability of yournetwork with a local presencethroughout the world.

We believe that all design and manufacturing companies should take an

active and responsible role towards protecting our planet. AREVA T&D

subscribes to the United Nations Global Compact principles for

environmental protection, as well as health, human rights and labor

standards. We voluntarily seek to guarantee and maintain a greater

environmental responsibility through the development and diffusion

of environmentally friendly technology. Our concern for the well

being of the environment is taken into account from the conception

of our products: using a continuous improvement approach, we

select the most appropriate components and materials whenever

possible for the construction of our units.

Commitment leads to success.The first 800 kVtransformer produced in our Brazilian plant.Single phase combination with booster765/ 512/69 kV 680 MVA for FURNAS.Brazil

Land transportation of main tank.

> A real commitment to promoteand support the environment

At AREVA, sustainable development is a keystone ofour industrial strategy for achieving profitable, sociallyresponsible and environmentally respectful growth.

The Generator Transformer is an

essential element of all nuclear, thermal

or hydraulic power stations. Generator

Transformers are step-up transformers

with delta connected LV windings

energized by generator voltage while

star connected HV windings are

connected to the transmission lines.

This type of transformer is constantly

faced with voltage changes either due

to load rejection or switching

operations, followed by generator over

excitation. It must also maintain the

ability to withstand over-loads, this

means that winding gradients must be

adjusted and cooling capacity must

remain sufficient. The high rated current

involved requires absolute control of the

magnetic field inside the tank to avoid

localized overheating of associated

metallic parts. All of these situations are

taken into account during the design

process of your specific unit.

Generator transformers require very

specific know-how, production

equipment and testing capabilities as

high or very high voltage and rated

power are often required.

We have designed, manufactured,

tested and delivered generator

transformers with the largest rated

power for many power stations,

among which:

• 550MVA single-phase units,

20/400 kV

• 1100MVA three-phase unit,

27/415 kV

• 245 MVA, three-phase units,

18/765 kV

The most common transformer in

the networks, the Interconnection

Transformer, step-up or step-down

transformer, connects the network

at different rating voltage levels

and is designed to handle all the

specified requirements of each

individual network.

These transformers offer galvanic

insulation between primary and

secondary networks and offer high

adaptability to expected levels of

performance and/or site conditions.

The design and rating of tertiary

windings, couplings and

arrangements will be adapted to your

specific needs. Our customized

design will adjust to all specific

physical constraints such as transport

limitations. The design of magnetic

circuits with two return unwound

limbs can answer height limitations,

while the final choice between three-

phase or single-phase units can be

guided according to your priorities.

Our specialties for PowerGeneration andTransmission Networks:

Transformers

>> Generator Transformers

>> Interconnection orNetwork transformers

>> Auto-transformers

>> HVDC Converter Transformers

>> Phase Shifters

>> Transformers for SVC

Reactors

>> Shunt Reactors

>> Series Reactors

>> Smoothing Reactors

Hermetic transformer 80 MVA 110/20 kV with ONAFcooling for ENERTRAG-Energiebau GmbH, Nechlin.Germany

Generator transformers require very specificknow-how, production equipment andtesting capabilities as high or very highvoltage and rated power are often required.

GENERATOR TRANSFORMERS:

INTERCONNECTION OR NETWORK TRANSFORMERS:

Compared with interconnection transformers of equivalent power flow, the

auto-transformer presents a lighter and a more economically optimized

solution. Auto-transformers have non-disconnected windings, meaning that

there is no galvanic insulation between the interconnected networks.

Characteristically for complex regulation arrangements they impose a total

mastership of dielectric phenomena. Designs for constant flux regulation at

high voltages or booster schemes are part of the AREVA T&D mastery. For

many years we have been supplying very high rated auto-transformers such

as single phase up to 500 MVA and very high voltage up to 765 kV for

networks all over the world.

High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems allow the transmission of energy

over long distances and are also solutions for interconnection of networks

with different characteristics and frequencies.

The HVDC converter transformer, an important element of these systems,

transforms the AC supply voltage from a three-phase network to the required

converter bridge input voltage and compensates for voltage drop through on-

load tap changers.

Direct voltage components, superimposed on the AC ones, appear during

service and factory testing, and induce high levels of stress on the valve

windings connected to the rectifier bridge. The design and manufacture of

HVDC converter transformers requires a fine mastery of insulation structure.

The high harmonic content of the load current also demands a very specific

knowledge of thermal design. We are the experts in this field and have HVDC

converter transformers installed in Europe, India and Canada with ratings

including 310 MVA and voltage levels up to 500 kV.

Single phase auto-transformers 250 MVA 500/230/36 kV.For SMEPC. Yanggao Substation. Shanghai.China

Three phase HVDC converter transformer310 MVA 230/112 kV (insulated to 500 kV DC)for Manitoba Hydro. Henday Converter Station.Canada

Three phase auto-transformer315 MVA 400/220/33 kVfor Uttar Pradesh Power Corp. Ltd. Agra.India

AUTO TRANSFORMERS:

HVDC CONVERTER TRANSFORMERS:

As High Voltage network systems are connected with each other at several

points, the necessity of controlling the flow of energy increases. Classical voltage

regulation without phase shifting is no longer sufficient for these situations.

For this reason, phase-angle regulating transformers are necessary. Phase-shifting

transformers are divided in two families: PST with one active part or PST with two

active parts. One active part permits independent phase angle and voltage

regulation and is suitable for a limited voltage and power level. For higher power

and voltages, a PST with two active parts is ideal. Quadrature boosters offer

economical solutions when limited phase-shifting angles are required with voltage

variations. For larger phase angle regulation, constant modulus phase-shifting

transformers offer independent voltage modulation from phase angle values.

The use of Phase Shifters is always a special case in which design criteria vary

from one customer to another based on individual network specifications and

requirements. As these transformers generally have large ratings with heavy

units, the manufacturing limits as well as the transport constraints must be

taken into account. Some of our major references for European

interconnections are the constant modulus type phase-shifting transformers

with two active parts offering no load phase shifting angles of +/-21.4˚ for a

voltage level of 225 kV with rated power of 312 MVA and +/-10˚ regulation for a

voltage level of 400 kV with rated power of 1180 MVA.

AREVA T&D Static VAR Compensators provide an elegant and flexible

solution when improvements of power system efficiency and control of the

reactive power balance of the network are made imperative by

environmental considerations (for example, the construction of new

transmission lines or the location of generating stations).

The SVC Transformers are used to connect SVC equipment to transmission

lines. These transformers combine the complexity induced by DC components

-- even if moderate -- with high levels of harmonic and rated currents.

Again, mastery of insulation structure, thermal behavior and magnetic field

distribution are all part of the know-how infused into all AREVA T&D SVC

transformers.

AREVA experts have mastered the analysis ofcomplex phenomena to design and manufacturethe safest transformers for your network.

TRANSFORMERS FOR SVC

PHASE-SHIFTING TRANSFORMERS:

Phase-shifting transformer combination315 MVA 225 kV in cells

for EDF Pragnères substation.France

SVC transformers 150MVA 115/14.6kVfor Northeast Utilities

Glenbrook substation.USA

Quadrature Booster2750 MVA 400/80 kVfor National Grid Company plcHigh Marnham.UK

Shunt reactors are used to increase

the stability of your networks and to

maintain an economically acceptable

level of insulation on networks with

long transmission lines between

power plants and consumption

areas, especially if these lines are

low loaded or buried.

Indeed, shunt reactors compensate

the capacitive load of energy

transmission lines and are

solutions for:

• maintaining an acceptable voltage

whatever the load,

• limiting transient over voltages

induced by switching or sudden

load decrease,

• decreasing line losses by capacitive

current reduction.

Our know-how and experience in

the field of shunt reactors with air

gap cores magnetic circuits, provides

our reactors with low vibration and

noise levels.

Our latest generation tools for the

design of shunt reactors allows

optimized design for magnetic field

distribution that provides safe behavior.

Our manufacturing sites are

equipped with the necessary

testing means for shunt reactors,

which means supplies of important

power levels at the requested high

voltage rating.

Shunt reactors can be single- or

three-phase according to your

requirements. Our references

include single-phase units up to

800 kV - 110 MVAr and 400 kV -

125 MVAr. We have also supplied

275 kV - 250 MVAr three-phase

units that are currently in operation

on all five continents.

Smoothing reactors are used in

HVDC transmission systems to

reduce the flow of harmonic

currents and transient over currents

in the DC system.

Their two functions are:• To compensate voltage ripple at

the 12-pulse converter bridge.• To decrease the short-circuit

current in the DC link.

Their insulation is based on the samespecial design as transformer.

The smoothing reactors we designand manufacture are oil filledreactors. As opposed to the drytype ones, they offer a low level ofelectromagnetic radiation outsidethe tank.

However, to protect the

environment -- and particularly the

motors, relays and switchgear --

against magnetic flux density

effects, a magnetic shield is placed

against the internal wall of the tank.

The Smoothing Reactors benefit

from the same measure as the

HVDC transformers to ensure that

they will withstand short-circuit

stresses. The clamping structure of

the active part is reinforced in order

to conform with those requirements.

Left:110 MVAR, 765 kV single phase shunt reactorfor Hydro Quebec. Chamouchouane substation.Canada

Right:Smoothing reactors with rated current1850 A, 270 kV for IFA 2000HVDC link France/England

SHUNT REACTORS:

SERIES REACTORS:

Series reactors are used in series

connection as current limiting

devices to reduce fault currents to

required levels. Series reactors can

be single-phase or three-phase and

construction can be unshielded,

non-magnetically shielded or

magnetically shielded.

Special attention is paid to the

core/coil clamping system.

Extremely large ratings require

expertise to satisfactorily contain

problems presented by the stray

magnetic fields. Our experience in

this field covers reactors with

throughput rating up to 2000 MVAr.

SMOOTHING REACTORS:

www.areva-td.com

With manufacturing facilities in over 40 countries and a sales network in over 100, AREVA

offers customers technological solutions for nuclear power generation and electricity

transmission and distribution. The group also provides interconnect systems to the

telecommunications, computer and automotive markets. These businesses engage

AREVA's 70,000 employees in the 21st century's greatest challenges: making energy and

communication resources available to all, protecting the planet, and acting responsibly

towards future generations.

AREVA's T&D division is an active player around the globe. It designs, manufactures and

supplies a complete range of equipment, systems and services for all stages in the

transfer of electricity, from the generator to the large end-user.

www.areva.com

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AREVA T&D Worldwide Contact Centre:http://www.areva-td.com/contactcentre/Tel.: +44 (0) 1785 250 070

www.areva-td.com