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ARE BUILDINGS EVIL?
DAVID COLEY
DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE AND CIV ENG
OR 16 WAYS CAN WE GET MORE PASSIVHAUS
1. OPENING EYES
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/8307246.stm
http://www.moggies.co.uk/articles/micro_catflap.html
2. USING THE CONCEPT OF EVIL
Evil
Immorality. Usually perceived as the dualistic opposite of good. Commonly associated with: conscious and deliberate wrongdoing, discrimination designed to harm others, destructiveness. (Wikipedia)
Conscious and harm
http://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities-news-in-pics/27-08-2002/4681/ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/holidaytypeshub/article-611614/The-Crafty-Traveller-Booking-Bluestone.html
3. CLIMATE CHANGE
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00lbpcy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Milky_Way_Galaxy.jpg
4: IRONYGOOD VIBRATIONS VS. BAD VIBRATIONS
http://www.nhm.ac.ukhttp://www.thermotech-underfloorheating.co.uk/gallery.htmlhttp://www.fagor.co.uk/hobs-gas-hobs-c-23_40.html?learn=37http://swick.co.uk/index.php/2010/11/top-ten-crazy-cars/http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/agri_majorareas_disastermgt_flood.html
http://www.dirtygirlmotorracing.com/articles/article-LR-prep-for-touring.htmlhttp://www.treehugger.com
75 mpg20 mpg
75/20 < 4
£1,500 £50
1500/50 = 30
http://www.carpages.co.ukhttp://www.evolutionchips.co.uk/
8. NUMBERS
We need a new way of thinking, a new language to relate the form of such buildings to the harm they are starting to do to those around the world less fortunate than ourselves.
http://www.victorianweb.org/technology/domestic/fireplace.htmlhttp://decorationforlife.com
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
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Pre 1919 1919-1939 1946-1966 1967-1976 Post 1976 Post 1995
kg
C/m
2
Primary school (no pool)
Secondary school (nopool)
HOW MANY MILES PER GALLON DO YOU GET FROM YOUR HOUSE?
Annual energy use (kWh)= --------------------------------- Internal area of house
http://dizzythinks.net
SO WHAT DOES WORK: SOME PHYSICS
1. Why do we have heating systems and why do we heat buildings?
2. Why do we cool buildings?
3. Why do we light buildings during the day?
http://cambridgevending.co.uk/?page_id=974http://www.welcomemobility.co.uk/
Person = 100 W = 100 humming birds
3 people + lights + PC + fridge + TV + sunlight = 960 W = 960 humming birds
= 1040 W = 1040 humming birds
So the energy gap in a super-insulated house is around 80 W or 80 humming birds, or 3 candles
http://online.wsj.comhttp://www.apartmenttherapy.com/the-crossway-passivhaus-134196
GAIN
LOSS
9. COSTS
http://www.conkerconservation.co.uk
6% increase in cost of building, therefore 3% of house price, or £6,000.
Why do we continue to pay a winter fuel allowance instead?
05
101520253035404550
CEPHEUS heating energySimulated heating energy
Households ranked by heating energy use
He
atin
g e
ne
rgy
/ kW
h.m
-2
a-1
CEPHEUS – Cost Efficient Passive Houses as a European Standard- 113 Passivhaus units in 14 developments around Europe
Result with the perfect family in every house
From: Ramallo González, Alfonso P., Blight, T. S., Coley, D. A. (2012) (In Press) Robust low energy design that accounts for occupant behaviour.
_RAMALLO
But with lots of different families
From: Ramallo González, Alfonso P., Blight, T. S., Coley, D. A. (2012) (In Press) Robust low energy design that accounts for occupant behaviour.
Note: the super low energy designs have evaporated and the number of options is much reduced
12. APPEALING TO THE PAST: FRAM
First Passivhaus?
The sides of the ship were lined with:tarred feltcork paddingdeal panellingthick layer of feltair-tight linoleuminner panelling
= about 15 inches.
Saloon comfortable with no heating with external temperatures in the range -/+22°C
13. EDUCATION
dCARB:Centre for Decarbonisation of the Built Environment
50 PhDs over the next few years
SO, WHAT DOES THIS SUGGEST?Super insulated.
Size of windows under control and triple glazed.
Can be light or heavy weight.
Energy will be very low, whoever uses the building and however they use it (almost). Hence promise the client that it will use very little energy.
If we remove the need for much heating we can replace the normal heating system with something very small.
This removes the need for much in the way of controls.
If occupants leave the door open a lot they will get cold.
If the heating system is very small then we could use electric heating.
Electric heating has the highest running cost – GOOD.
Electrical heating goes well with mechanical ventilation.
Mechanical ventilation goes well with heat recovery.
So we have an all electric building.
This implies PV.
This implies a north facing building, which is ideal for a school.