WMO

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013 1

Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space

in the context of WIGOS and GFCS

Jérôme Lafeuille & Stephan Bojinski

WMO Space Programme

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20132

Resolution 19 (Cg-XVI) on the development of an architecture for climate monitoring from space

• Decides that an architecture be developed (… ) to provide a framework for the sustained and coordinated monitoring of the Earth’s climate from space

• Decides further that the development be undertaken as a major initiative of the WMO Space Programme, as an important component of WIGOS, with the support of relevant technical commissions, and in coordination with satellite operators, CEOS, CGMS, GCOS, GEO and WCRP.

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20133

Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Spacein the WIGOS Implementation Plan (1/2)

• As a collaboration framework with CEOS, CGMS, GCOS &WCRP under Key Activity Area # 2 « Collaboration with WMO and other co-sponsored observing systems »

– Action 2.1.2 : Collaboration framework to develop the Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space

• To set up a badgeless ad-hoc working team (Done)• To develop a strategy document (Done)• To define governance procedures and an appropriate body to

implement these procedures (being discussed with CEOS & CGMS)

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20134

Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Spacein the WIGOS Implementation Plan (2/2)

• As the design of a space-based observing capability and related ground-segment activities, under Key Activity Area #3 « Design, Planning and Evolution »

– Proposed Action 3.1.2: To develop the Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space focusing on GFCS priorities

• To develop a logical model of the architecture (Done)• Perform inventory of ECV related products and climate records (Done)• Evaluate outcome of inventory with reference to logical model • Evaluate potential contributions of CGMS baseline missions and CEOS

constellations• Deliver version 0 of physical planning, including capabilities, processes,

gaps and deficiencies in the end-to-end chain• Action plan to fill the gaps..• Submission to EC-66, and subsequent iterations

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20135

Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space

• A joint initiative of CEOS, CGMS and WMO

• Architecture for climate monitoring from space is a foundation for the GFCS Observation and Monitoring

• Strategy document available on line

• A printed version is being prepared by NOAA and ESA

Strategy towards an Architecture

for Climate Monitoring from Space

CEOS, CGMS, WMO

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20136

Architecture PillarsAnd logical representation of data flows and dependencies

Traceable to GCOS Guidelines and GCOS Climate Monitoring Principles

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20137

I1

Earth Environment

O1

DecisionsDecision-Making (including

adaptation & mitigation policy

and planning)A5

ReportsSense Earth Environment

A1

Observations

Create and Maintain

Short/Medium Term Climate Data

Records

A2

Create and Maintain Long-

term Climate Data Records

A3

Interim Climate Data Records

Operational Climate Monitoring

A4

Long-term Climate Variability &

Climate Change Analysis

A7

Climate DataRecords

Create and Maintain Higher-Level Climate Information (e.g. CDR

analysis or model-based reanalysis)

A8

Climate InformationRecords

Sensing Climate Record Creation Applications Decision-Making

The “Logical View”

Instrument level Observation level Product level Service level

Seasonal outlook

Attribution of events

Climate indices

…

EC

Vs

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20138

I1

Earth Environment

O1

DecisionsDecision-Making (including

adaptation & mitigation policy

and planning)A5

ReportsSense Earth Environment

A1

Observations

Create and Maintain

Short/Medium Term Climate Data

Records

A2

Create and Maintain Long-

term Climate Data Records

A3

Interim Climate Data Records

Operational Climate Monitoring

A4

Long-term Climate Variability &

Climate Change Analysis

A7

Climate DataRecords

Create and Maintain Higher-Level Climate Information (e.g. CDR

analysis or model-based reanalysis)

A8

Climate InformationRecords

Sensing Climate Record Creation Applications Decision-Making

The “Logical View” (populated with a CDR)

Aerosol:

GOES imager

SEVIRI

MTSAT

MODIS

MISR

Calipso

AVHRR

VIRR

GOME

AIRS

PARASOL

(A)ATSR

MERIS …

Aerosol:

Regular products (no CDRs) Aerosol:

MACC: Air pollultion monitoring

…

Aerosol:

Expected number of additional cases with respiratory problems

Aerosol:

Global AOD map

Estimate of direct/indirect radiative forcing due to aerosols

…

Aerosol:

Lower uncertainty in GCMs used in IPCC

Aerosol CDRs:

NCDC

ESA CCI

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/20139

Instrument data

End-to-end Architecture Requirements

Service requirements related to e.g. Agriculture & Food Security, Water, Health, DRR applications (4 GFCS priority areas) ……need translation into product / observation / instrument requirements:

Observation (ECV)

Climate Product

Service level CEOS data levels Level 2/3Level 1/2Level 0; Instr design

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/201310

Requirement translation process

The WIGOS RRR addresses well the « observation requirements » for geophysical variables but…

…no systematic process in place for service-level requirements (e.g., “length of dry spell”, “number of days with PM10 exposure above 50 μg/m3”)?

Can current geophysical variable-based approach capture socio-economic data (e.g., population density; crop yield; value of infrastructure)?

Product level

Service level

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/201311

Outcome of CGMS-40 WG III on architecture

CGMS should evaluate the CGMS baseline in the light of the architecture strategy and its logical view

Relevant assets will populate space segment part of the physical architecture as « Potential capabilities to support ECV products”

Identify gaps from the space segment end- and scenarios to address them

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/201312

Gap analyses from both ends

GAPS ?

Space Segment Analysis

Potential to support ECV production

CEOS-CGMS-WMO ECV Inventory

Actual ECV production and Climate Records

Building on OSCAR/space, CEOS/MIM, GCOS Sat Sup, WMO ECV Gap Analysis, etc

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/201313

Example: OSCAR timeline of instruments potentiallycontributing to CO2 measurements

WIGOS-ICG 18/03/201314

Conclusions GFCS partnership should be used to help

Collect climate service requirements and translate these into product/observation requirements

Some observation requirements go beyond the GCOS ECVs (e.g., phenology; socio-economic)

The Architecture is an end-to-end approach going beyond the observation function Currently analyzed from the « product » end Space-based observation capabilities should also be evaluated

from the « sensor » end

Unique role of WMO should be clarified in the future governance scheme