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ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG
MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE PROGRAMME 2010-201 DESIGN REPORT
SOCIALLY INTEGRATED HOUSING - LIVING WITH ELDERLY
CHU Hon San, Calvin May 2011
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SOCIAtEY INTEGRATED HOUSING i i ^ m i T H ELDERLY^ — 09032110 Calvin. Chu Hon San
Our society is getting older and older because of the problem of aging population
we facing. However, the general design of the housing can not catch up this great
trend in Hong Kong and still use the design from 80s. All people need social space to
have interaction with others especially the elderly group but the general design of the
housing can not provide enough social space for the residents especially the elderly
in the housing so they need to go to somewhere like tea houses or parks to satisfy
their basic social need.
In my thesis, I will investigate some architectural qualities likes form, circulation,
transparency and inaterials which are all affecting the qualities of the social space.
Afterwards, I will use Diamond Hill where is the highest proportion of the order person
in Hong Kong to be the site to test how the social space working in a socially inte-
grated housing having both elderly group and non-elderly group and trying to encour-
age them to have more interaction in the social spaces inside the housing rather than
leaving their estate to have gathering with others.
statement 2
Context 3
1.0 Background 4 1.1 Ageing Population in Hong Kong
1.1.1 Proportion of order person in each district
1.1.2 Living arrangement of Elderly 5
1.1.3 Housing Type of Elderly Living
2.0 ARGUMENT 6 2.1 Definition of the social space
2.2 Tower-podium type housing development in HK 8
2.3 Are there enough social spaces in private housing especially for elderly? 9
3.0 CASE STUDY 10 3.1 Case Study: List of Comparison
3.2 Case Study 1: Jolly Place L& Architects 1 2
3.2.1 Form
3.2.2 Circulation 1 3
3.2.3 Transparency of living unit 1 4
3.2.4 Programmatic study i 5 3.2.5 Elderly need 1 6
3.3 Case Study 2: Spittelhof Housing Peter Zumthor 18
3.3.1 Form
3.3.2 Circulation 2 0 3.3.3 Transparency 2 1 3.3.4 Elderly need 2 2
3.4 Case Study 2: Residential Home for the Elder y Peter Zumthor 2 4
3.4.1 Form 3.4.2 Circulation 2 5 3.4.3 Transparency 2 6 3.4.4 Materiality 2 8
3.5 Case Study 3: Stadtcarre ASIRarchitekten
3.5.1 Form 3.5.2 Transparency 3.5.3 Circulation 3.5.4 Elderly need
4.0 SITE SELECTION 4.1 Site Sslection: Diamond Hill in Wong Tai Sin
4.1.1 Characteristics of the site 4.1.2 Site study: History of Tai Horn Village 4.1.3 Site study: Zoning 4.1.4 Site study: Circulation
4.2 Study on sewage treatment facilities
5.0 DESIGN PROCESS 5.1 Define the developer and the user
5.2 Concept of ' Inf inity'
5.3 Urban concept: Integrate with the surrounding
5.4 Socially integrated housing - Defining the family
5.4.1 Elderly only and Elderly in a family
. 5 . 4 . 2 Non-elderly
5.5 An appropriate proportion in a socially integrated housing - Living with elderly
5.6 Socially integrated housing - Step down concept 5.7 Socially integrated housing - Social space in the housing
5.8 Socially integrated housing - Orientation
5.9 Socially integrated housing - Natural Ventilation
5.10 Plans & Section
5.11 Model Photos
Reference
29
3
34
3
3
42
43
47
52 53 54 67 70 71 90 99
In Hong Kong, we are facing the problem of ageing popula-
tion. From the statistics by Census and Statistics Department
in Hong Kong, there are only 7.63 babies in every 1000 HK
people were born in 2004. Because of the longer lives for
the elderly, the department predicts there will be 27% elderly
who are aged over 65 in the whole Hong Kong population in
2033. That means there will be one elderly in every 4 Hong
Kong people.
However, most of the designs in residential housing can not
satisfy the elderly need. For example, most of the residential
housing (both private housing and public housing) have no
nursing care center for the emergency need from the elderly.
Moreover, there is not enough social space for the elderly to
have interaction with the neighborhood.
Number (Thousands) Proportion of older persons (%)
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400 ‘ 2 . 8 %
200 87 91S
1961 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011
Number of older persons Proportion of older persons to the total population
In the diagram, we can see that the districts with a higher
proportion of order person are focusing in the Kowloon area,
Among all the district in Hong Kong, Wong Tail Sin are the
highest proportion with 17.8% population are over 65 aged.
The second high district is Sham Shui Po which has 16.7%
population is elderly.
16.7 % Sham Shui Po
17.8 % Wong Tai Sin
8-11 %
11-14% m 14-16% • >16%
n T r ' 4 c xJ
58% Public Housing
42% Private Housing
Village house
Shop House
Tower-type Housing
here are 58% elderly who are living in public housing so
the design of public housing should take more respon-
sibilities in the design on the elderly need in the hous-
ing. There are 42% elderly are living in private housing.
Among these 42%, they are living in village house, shop
house and tower type housing relatively.
In the village housing, there are usually is a group of vil-
lage house is built together to form a strong social com-
munity in the village. In the shop houses, they are usually
are built in urban area and the ground floor are the shop
front to form the street. In the tower type housing, they
are usually not enough social space in the tower.
In Hong Kong, most of the elderly are living with their son
and grand-sons. There are over 50% of elderly are living
in such situation. There are 30% elderly are living alone
or with his/her couple. However, there is a phenomenon
of the no. of living arrangement of elderly couple is be-
coming more popular and the no. of living as a big family
is not so popular relatively in the past decade.
1996 2001 2006
16.2 18.4 21.2
11.5 11.3 11-6
7 © 0
©
32.1 32. 30.4
© a
28.2 24.7 2 3 .
f i
i P
. i J E L I G S P A C E
Publ ic s p a c e is the c o n s c i o u s des ign of an e n v i r o n m e n t that you can wa l k a long or w i th s o m e one.
Three-dimensional physical space eg.cinema
\ J
Virtual space like media and internet as publicly accessible website eg. internet
Soc ia l s p a c e is the c o n s c i o u s des ign of an e n v i r o n m e n t that e n c o u r a g e s cer ta in soc ia l behav io r lead ing t o w a r d s s o m e in terac t ions .
• or
Three-dimensional physical space with interaction
Virtual space like media and internet as publicly accessible forum with interaction
The social space is a kind of public space but there should be an interaction between each other in that space. Public space is the con-
scious design of an environment that you can walk along with some one, but you may not have interaction between each other like the
space in cinema. Social space is a space to encourage certain social behavior leading towards some interaction like the space in park.
Apart from the three-dimensional physical space, there also are virtual space like internet or online forum which also encourage people to
have interaction between each other. Therefore, I can categorize the social space into three-dimensional space and the virtual space.
The social space inside the housing is very important. It can en-
courage the people to have interaction with their neighborhood
rather than the residents just come back home directly without
any interaction with their neighbors. In the social integrated
housing, the elderly can communicate with the other elderly or
the non-elderly group in the social spaces which are distributed
evenly in the socially integrated housing.
There are three scenarios for the interaction in the housing of living
with elderly. The scenario 1 is the elderly group with elderly group.
The scenario 2 is the elderly group with non-elderly group. The
scenario 3 is the non-elderly with non-elderly. In the housing of liv-
ing with elderly, it should have these all three scenarios.
Elderly group
Non-elderly group
Social Space
0 o -Q
The elderly can have some interaction
with other elderly in the social spaces
inside the housing
The elderly group can have interaction with
non-elderly group in the social spaces inside
the housing
The non-elderly group can have interaction
with non-elderly group in the social spaces
inside the housing
Q
9
The tower-podium type housing development is a general development type in Hong Kong. Most of the
private housing is using this model to design the whole housing. However, there are several disadvantages
in this kind of development. For example, the spatial quality of the corridor is suffocated because of no
natural ventilation and lighting. The only open space always is located on the podium and there is a huge
shopping mall at the bottom. General type of private housing
In the domestic part, the lift lobby is the only social space inside the residential tower.
However, there is no natural ventilation and lighting in the social space so the residents
always are not willing to stay in the only social space and go house directly. Moreover,
the space of the corridor is too narrow because there is not designed for the resident
as a resting space. Living unit
Exit stair
Lift core
Corridor
The open space usually is located on the po-
dium and it is also an only open social space
in the housing so the elderly only have this
open space to have a chance to communi-
cate with others. However, the open space
has no relationship with the street because of
the high level which located.
> The open space usually is located on the
podium and it is also The space inside the
shopping mall is just one direction shopping
space. That means people just go shopping
inside the shopping mall but rarely can make
friends here. Moreover, there is no natural
ventilation and lighting and lose the relation-
ship with outside so we even do not know the
day or night outside the mall during shopping
inside.
The elderly living in tower-podium housing always go to the park
nearby because there are not enough social spaces inside the hous-
ing. They may go to the park to have exercise in the morning or are
willing to stay in the park to have interaction with others. Moreover,
there are good qualities like natural ventilation and lighting.
The elderly usually go to tea house to have their breakfast. It is not
only a habit for them but also a reflection of not enough social spaces
in their housing. In the tea house, there are good ventilation and light-
ing so the elderly can enjoy good spatial qualities and good dim Shum
here. Moreover, there also is a social space to let them to make friends,
X T h e c o m m u n i t y
X T h e e n o u g h soc ia l space
X Easy to m a k e f r iends
In the general development of the tower-podium type housing, there are not good community, not
enough social space and not easy to friends. Therefore, it is necessary to have a socially integrated
housing to let the residents can have social interaction with their neighborhood. By the way, the is-
sue of the ageing population is becoming more serious in the future. If the two issues combined, there
should be a “Social integrated housing - living with elderly".
There are two scenarios for the definition of "Living with elderly". The scenario 1 is the relationship of
neighborhood and the scenario 2 is the relationship of family.
o
u u ^ t ^ U y
Architect: L& Architects Location: Tseung Kwan HK Completion: 2003 Unit: 243 apartments
Tower-podium type
1 T T ^ X
Unique Lift Core
Architect: Peter Zumthor Location: Basel, Switzerland Completion: 1989-1996 Unit: 29 apartments
Architect: Peter Zumthor Location: Masans, Chur, Switzerland Completion: 1992-1993 Unit: 21 apartments, 1 guest room,
ward room
Architect: ASIRarchitekten Location: Bad Rappenau, Germany Completion: 2007 Unit: 36 Assisted Living Apartments
Row type Beleaguered Village
Insert the Row type block in land
Unique Corridor in G/F
i ^ La J Ll Ji... J
Unique Corridor in each floor
Circular type Beleaguered Village
,rprf
Circular Corridor w/ void in each floor
10
Non-transparent to corridor
h
Non-transparent to corridor Transparent to G/F
Transparent to corridor Transparent to G/F
Transparent to corridor Transparent to G/F
Ceiling: White paint
Wall: Wood
Floor: Stone
Health Center
Multi-purpose Hall
Hobby Room
Gymnasium
Hydropoo!
Game Room
Library
Open Space
Ceiling: White paint
Wall: White paint
Floor: Wood
Open Space
Ceiling: White paint
Wall: Wood / Granite
Floor: Wood
Health Center
Open Space
Ceiling: White paint
Wall: White paint
Floor: Wood
Health Center
Multi-purpose Hall
Hobby Room
Hydropool
Open Space
Garage
11
L & A r c h i t e c t s
Jolly Place is located in Tseung Kwan in Hong Kong. The developer is Housing
Authority and be completed in 2003. it is a podium-tower type building providing 243
apartments for the elderly.
In the domestic part, there is only the lift lobby where can be social space for the el-
derly to gather. In the social space, there also have good spatial qualities like natural
ventilation and day lighting. In each floor, there are 9 units provided.
Architect: L&O Architects Location: Tseung Kwan 0 ’ Completion: 2003 Unit: 243 apartments
-IK
The only open space is located on the podium which is the general model of the
housing development in Hong Kong. In the open space, the architect designs it to be
a park with some walking paths with the curved shape. It is also the only open social
space in this housing project. Tower Type Elderly Housing
Inside the podium, there are all the function rooms like the gym room and multi-function room. The function room also can be the social space
provides for the elderly to let them have interaction between each other. Moreover, there also is a nursing caring center located at the first floor.
The nursing care center is very important for the emergency need from the elderly.
S i Living unit
• Exit stair
• Lift core
Corridor
The unique open space is on the podium
This is the traditional design of open space
All functional rooms are in the podium
The medical facilities are in the podium 12
BOH
Lift Lobby
The lift lobby is shared by the elderly living in 9
apartments each floor
There is a window to give the natural lighting and
ventilation
There are benches for the elderly waiting for lifts
Total no. of 250 elderly will all use this
only open space to have interaction
between each others
The corner space can be a semi private
space for gathering
All the elderly will use the common lift lobby to go
back home
There are no any benches for the elderly to gather
in the lift lobby
13
f m
PJ I •oWb
I
/
l
Living Room
Bedroom
Toilet
Kitchen
The elderly can go to the bedroom to
keep the privacy by closing the door
The elderly don not have any visual
connection with outside
#
Ui
:c f Bedroom, Living Room & kitchen
Toilet
The privacy is not very high and the
is no private room inside excepting
toilet
The elderly don not have any visual
connection with outside
:0 g .
r - /
r j 1 m
""peT
i; .J cAagSgLaaug
\ I M I ,
/…… ^
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1, 1 • ’
,’‘•”!:ri 11
“’ t r u
....
D
I X J T i r D
CD'
( / —»
A] . • t J " ^ . rr
;150
The elderly can invite their friend to his home after the meeting
in the common lift lobby
The elderly can invite their friend after the meeting in the corridor
There is a possibility of meeting the friend after coming out from
the living unit
14
m •rW.
\ . ^
Care Lounge
/ }
. J
O
The elderly need the private space to keep the sense of safety
The visual connection are totally blocked by the non-transparent wall
Pro: Keep a high privacy inside the living unit
Con: Totally block the communication with the public area outside
Private space Public space 150
Natural lighting
The elderly feel the natural lighting which is a comfortable lighting rather than the artificial lighting
Natural ventilation
The public space should have a good natural ventilation to refresh the elderly mind
Resting Place The public space like the corner or corridor should have some benches for the elderly to gather
16
•-ij.
» - ’ ‘ % - . , ,
stone floor The grey stone floor can have a great contract with the wood wall which let the elderly
identify the floor easily
17
Wood Wood has a warm color tone and creates a warm atmosphere to express a sense of
warm home
White paint The white paint with the warm light can express the warm atmosphere to the elderly
J V
There should be enough hand railing with
1100mm in height for assisting the elderly move
In the wet places like bathroom and toilet should
be with hand railing also to assist the elderly
move f b 1
i 1 I
Peter Zumthoi
Arch i tec t : Pe te r Z u m t h o r Loca t ion : Base l , S w i t z e r l a n d C o m p l e t i o n : 1 9 8 9 - 1 9 9 6 Uni t : 2 9 a p a r t m e n t s
The Spittelhof Housing is low density housing
project whish is located in Basel in Switzerland.
It was completed in 1996 and provided 29 apart-
ments for the residents. The whole housing proj-
ect is composited of three building blocks which
are all the row type building block, the orientation
of those three blocks can form a good security \
network, neighborhood network and large open space. Those are good elements \
for the elderly need.
The security network can be formed by the supervision of the residents living in those three blocks
connection with your neighbors wherever you are in the housing. , -•… I ] [ [ -J- [ I sz] _ I I : I 1 I i r
1. ; . II •
p-rrn
r
1 :1000 Secur i ty D i a g r a m
all the time. That means you can have visual
. _JL
‘ 1 : 1000 Layou t P lan I
The open space can be formed by the composition of three blocks.
Here also is a slope along the housing so the residents can have their
planting outside their flats. It can encourage them to have interaction
with each other during appreciating their plants.
1 :1000 N e i g h b o r h o o d D i a g r a m
The neighborhood network can be formed because of the visual
connection with the neighborhood when you are walking back home.
You can even chat with your neighborhood because the height of each
building is only double level. 18
] xnizzi 1:300 G/F Plan
I ; \ r
:300 G/F Diagram
A building block Caving out to create a corridor Circulation in between Elderly Block at the bottom
There is a ground floor in one of the building blocks which is designed for the elderly especially. In that building, Peter Zumthor cave out the
block to make a shelter for the corridor. All residents need to pass though this corridor to go home so it is one of the most important social
spaces in that block. Moreover, he design to let the elderly live in ground level which can encourage them to meet all their neighbors when
they pass through the corridor.
19
•
.P>J
All residents using the same corridor (Elderly x Visitors)
All residents using their own entrance (Memory Lost)
Protect the people by the caving out shelter (Architectural Issue
• There are lots of possibilities for
residents chatting with each other in
the corridor
20
f
I
Have a visual connection with outside
There is a possibility of interaction during
cooking
Block the visual connection with inside
Be encouraged to look at the more transparent space
Increase the possibility of interaction with others
Resting Place with friends
Interact with people outside
21
Private space Public space
The stair case is totally block the visual connection with the corridor outside
The ground floor let the elderly can have visual connection with the people in
the courtyard
Pro: Keep a high privacy inside the living unit but also can communicate with outside
by controlling the blocking device like curtain
Natural lighting
The elderly feel the natural lighting which is a comfortable lighting
rather than the artificial lighting
Natural ventilation The public space should have a good natural ventilation to refresh
the elderly mind
A shelter
The shelter can block the sun light projecting the corridor directly and also give a protection from rain also
22
Wood
Wood has a warm color tone and creates a warm atmosphere to express
a sense of warm home
White paint
The white paint with the warm light can express the warm atmosphere
to the elderly
B k
A feeling of a sense of warm home is very important to the elderly
The wood textile can identify the floor clearly and have a sense of direction
23
y Z
\
Peter Zumthor
The Residential Home for the Elderly is a row type build-
ing block with only double floor. It is located in Chur in
Switzerland. There are 21 apartments and 1 guest room
for the visitor. The whole design is very simple with only
single row of corridor in front of the entrance where the
main social space in the housing is. Arch i tec t : Pe te r Z u m t h o r Loca t ion : M a s a n s , Chur , S w i t z e r l a n d C o m p l e t i o n ; 1 9 9 2 - 1 9 9 3 Uni t : 21 a p a r t m e n t s , 1 g u e s t r oom, 1 w a r d r o o m
The main architectural element in the housing is the transparency of the living unit. Peter
Zumthor design the kitchen with fully transparent and let it face to the corridor directly, so
the elderly can still have interaction with their neighbors during cooking. It can enhance the
chance of communication in the neighborhood.
1 IJ
1
:2 0
Combine the living unit to form a village (Security)
Form a corridor outside by each living units
I • ^ i
I w '
1
The Entrances are formed by the living unit itself (Memory Lost
Each entrance is a social space before enter the unit 24
i -u I
: ii
r" V W •
_
Visual connection with outside by two side's windows
Give a sense of safety at both ends
Type 1 - There is an interaction before entering the living unit
Type 2 The elderly can interact with other during leaving home
Type 3 - There is a chance for the elderly to join the interaction during walking the stair
25
r?
_
h
o
Have a visual connection with inside
There is a possibility of interaction during cooking
I , V Z
Totally block the visual connection with
outside
Have a great contract with kitchen
Shift the attention to kitchen
Resting Place with friends
Interact with people outside
26
i 5
•iii& sv I ^ ,*; I ^
The fully transparent of the kitchen also can enrich the experience during the elderly walking through the long corridor. It also let the elderly know
where their home is more easily because some of the elderly are facing the problem of losing their memory.
The transparency of the kitchen can encourage the elderly to have interaction easily. From the diagram, the elderly can be attracted to come out
from the flat and join the conservation outside. Moreover, the elderly also can invite their friends come into their flat when she see them through
the kitchen.
27
Warm
Stone always have a cool surface.
Wood is a good heat insulator.
\
/
/ \ i 1
Wooden Kitchens and Stone made toilet
give a great contrast.
f •
Different Colors of surface express different
atmosphere
Different textures can encourage the
elderly chat with other elderly
28
1 t i i f i a ’ • t-V .V’ •
-I
• A •
M
i
Arch i tec t : A S I R a r c h i t e k t e n Locat ion : Bad R a p p e n a u , G e r m a n y Comp le t i on : 2 0 0 7
Unit: 36 A s s i s t e d L iv i i ig A p a r t m e n t s
The Stadtcarre is a circular type housing block and pro-
vides 36 assisted living apartments. It is located in Bad
Rappenau in Germany and was completed in 2007.
There is a garage at the ground floor and there are 3
floors to be the residential area and the multi-functional
area. In each floor, there is a semi-open space for the
elderly to have gathering. Moreover, there also are some
good spatial qualities like the natural ventilation and light-
ing to let the elderly who are willing to stay there.
Moreover, there is a big semi-open space in the center of the whole building because of the
circular form of the building. The architect design a semi-transparent shelter to let the sun light
penetrates and project on the semi-open space. In that space, there also are some greenery to
give a peaceful atmosphere.
m •
L
Toilet
Kitchen
Bedroom
Balcony
Entrance
Public Space (Corridor)
Function Blocks
Private Space Inside
LJ
nr
1000 Plan Function Diagram
The circular shape corridor can encourage elderly walking around and round
(Weaker Body)
The space inside the circular block can let the elderly feel being protected and safe
(Security)
Residential Area
Interior Courtyard
Common Facilities Area
29
I L L
1 Section
Caving out the void in the center becomes
the open area for the gathering
Building Block
Open Area
Plan
The elderly can supervise each
others to have a strong security
function within the open space
The open space provides a
possibility of encourage the
elderly come out and chatting
with each others under the
sunlight there
Security Diagram Neighborhood Diagram 30
1
F f
Have a visual connection with outside
As a bar courter to let the visitor staying to enhance the
interaction
Shift the attention to kitchen
There is a possibility for people chatting
during bathing
Resting Place with friends
31
- - :
N e i g h b o r h o o d d i a g r a m
The corridor can encourage the elderly to chat with each other by the visual connection from the
kitchen with outside
There is a possibility for the elderly chatting with friends during the shower time Plan
Private Area
Public Area
Plan
The elderly is attracted by the other elderly in corridor
by the visual connection
The elderly come out and is guided by the continuous
space to the only public space
The public space is the semi open space which provides
fresh air and lighting quality for the elderly
32
Private space Public space
Resting Place The public space like the corner or corridor should have some
benches for the elderly to gather
Natural lighting The elderly feel the natural lighting which is a comfortable
lighting rather than the artificial lighting
Natural ventilation The public space should have a good natural ventilation
to refresh the elderly mind
A shelter The shelter can give a protection from rain
Greenary The greenery can refresh the elderly mind and enrich the space inside
• The private space is the inside space in the living unit and the elderly can keep their privacy
when they are inside the living unit
• Public space is the void outside the living unit and there are good spatial qualities to
encourage their interaction
Pro: Keeping the privacy inside the living unit and the elderly can have interaction with
other after leaving their living unit suddenly
33
7 —
I
j i —
‘I n L J y h k k a ^ ^ l i ^
Diamond Hi Diamond Hill is a hill in Kowloon where is
mainly an industrial and residential area.
Besides, it is also located in the east
of Wong Tai Sin district. For the name,
the area does not contain any diamond
deposits. Long time ago, the area was
known as a stone quarry before the urban
development took place.
5000 Plan
17.8% Wong Tai Sin
f I
Wong Tai Sin district in Kowloon east occupies an area of 9.26
km square. In 2008 the district population has about 422,900.
the district has a relatively high percentage of the elderly pop-
ulation which is about 17.8%. This is the highest proportion in
Hong Kong. However, the public rental estates and subsidized
housing developments house about 85% of the whole popula-
tion there.
J i l ^ , 1
Connect with the railway
network
Diamond hill is an MTR station located in
Diamond Hill, Northern Kowioon. It is on the
Kwun Tong Line. There is a station exist A2
which is exactly in my site so the workers
working in the industrial area nearby usu-
ally use this exit. Therefore, there are lots of
people passing though the site I selected and
there is a potential to encourage the social
interaction with the residents and the visitors
in the design later.
I ‘ i s s a s S ^ ’
Huge podium at lower level
Residential towers sit on the podium
There is a huge Comprehensive
Development Area (CDA) near
the site which I selected Gener-
ally, this huge piece of CDA site
really has the potential to develop
a huge podium-tower type de-
velopment like the development
in "Element" which is located in
Kowioon west. Therefore, it is
also a constraint of the later de-
sign in my site.
Comprehensive Development Area (CDA)
35
In the site, there are full of huge tree which sometime are over 5 meters
high so those are good elements to design a good social space under
the shadow of the tree. The elderly usually like having the social interac-
tion with others under the tree.
Moreover, the starting part of the Kai Tak River also is located in my
site. Therefore, there also is a potential to design a good social space
with those natural elements to encourage the residents inside the
housing and the whole community to have social interaction in the
good public space.
N a v ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ S i 1:5000 Plan
There are three Heritage elements located in my site and the site nearby. In my site, the "Stone House" is only one heritage element which is built at 1940s, it is a grade three heritage. The construction of it was based on one of China's four great classical novels, Dream of the Red Chamber.
Inside the site
Stone house
Grade status, since 1940s
Near the site
Old pillbox
Grade II status, since 1934
The former Royal Air Force Hangar
Grade III status,since 1934
36
Mysterious paths inside Cross of cables Tunnels formed by the
shops
The former Royal Air Force Hangar
• It was also used as training grounds for the aircrew and technicians
• It still remains the steelwork form and a strong sense of mechanism
_ Old pillbox
• It was used as an air-raid shelter by the Japanese aircrew and
technicians
• There is still an entrance to come inside the pillbox
Stone house
Stone House was based on one of China's four great classical novels,
Dream of the Red Chamber
• The material of the stone house is granite which was the main production
in Diamond Hill
37
Rhythm Garden Rhythm Garden
There are some public facilities like the Choi Hung Road playground and a community center near
the site. Moreover, there also is an elderly assisted housing facing my site. Moreover, the industrial
area is located the south direction of my site where the workers are working in and my site is also
one of the area they passing though to work. The other areas are mainly the residential areas like the
Rhythm Garden.
38
! l a l " " > ••‘ » »
Community center
Elderly assisted housing
Choi Hung Road Playground
The Kai Tak River collects water from the rivers and streams flowing from the hills in northern New Kowloon
The total length is about 3km
The water source is after the water treatment of secondary treatment in STWTW
The water after the secondary treatment is basically habitable for fishes and non-smelly
Sha Tim Water Treatment Works (STWTW)
EMERGENCY STORAGE TANK
RAW SEWAGE
COARSE SCREEN
SEWAGE PUMP
PS FINE VORTEX GREASE
SCREEN GRIT TRAP SEPARATOR antaa •••• • • • ibmi iuu am • • • MES
TO EFFLUENT REUSE FAClLfTY
SLUDGE DEWATERING
ROOM AEROBIC SLUDGE DIGESTER
TO EFFLUENT EXPORT PIPELINE
Includes screening, removal of grit and a primary sedimentation process. Solid waste and settleable suspended solids are removed from the sewage. Removal efficiency for Total Suspended Solids (TSS) is about 70% and Biochemical Oxy-gen Demand (BOD) is about 30% by this process
-Secondary Treatment (non-smelly and habitable for fishes)
The sewage is purified by means of a biological treatment process after the prima-ry treatment. The organic matter in the settled sewage is decomposed by micro-organisms in the biological treatment process. Treated effluent from this process meets with 30mg/L TSS and 20mg/L BOD standard
Tertiary Treatment (People can touch the water directly)
Highest eve of treatment to polish the effluent from secondary treatment pro-cess. This process comprises a combination of physical, chemical and biological processes with the objective of removing nutrients and any remaining suspended solids in the sewage
42
Lung Cheung RQadI
It is no any way to cross this road directly
I
People go to the Hollywood plaza through the MTR station
People need to go to the tunnel first and then arrive the
other housing nearby
mm -7,
\ / ^ • ^ t ^ i l i t o r i
: 10000
People can go to Rhythm Garden through the traffic light
People pass two small paths between the Hollywood plaza and Rhythm Garden
43
It is as a buffer zone of the Kai Tak River during the flooding season
There is usually no water at all here but there are birds to search their food here
The water can consist in certain height level to keep
the fishes inside the river
The birds can have more food and enrich the ecological value here
41
People can walking along the river and enjoy
the view of the river
There are lots of fishes inside the river and it enriches the experience along the river
Movable vvilh wheel chc The third group is the elderly who need the wheel chair to assist. I define them as ^Movable with wheel chair".
Fas walker The first group of the elderly has an extremely good body condition and move very well. I define them as "Fast Walker"
Q /
st ick vvalkei The second group of elderly also can move by themselves but some assisted tools like sticks are needed, define them as "Stick walker".
Non-movable elderly The forth group of elderly with the worst body condition and they only stay on the bed. I define them as "Non-movable elderly".
42
Most developed world countries have accepted the chronologi-cal age of 65 years as a defini-tion of 'elderly' or older person. However, there are different situations based on their differ-ent body conditions eve they are also the elderly.
u
r n
For the public housing side, the government has established a statutory body, the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA), to take the re-sponsibility of developing and implementing a public housing programme. The Housing Department of the Government acts as the executive arm of the HA.
For the application of the public housing, there is a maximum income and total net assets value limits as lay down by the Hous-ing Authority. That means the total monthly income and net assets value of the applicant are limited. This can prevent the situation of a rich single person can buy a triple unit in the private market. It can nake sure the suitable users fitting in suitable units.
M
V -
The elder ly can t ravel in the hous ing wi th the infinity of exper ience
because there is no end point ins ide the hous ing.
The elder ly can make f r iends easi ly a long the jou rney inside the
hous ing and can have infinity of socia l life inside.
The form of "Infinity'
1:1000
Domes t i c part
N o n - d o m e s t i c part
Fitting on the site
Combine with domestic and non-domestic parts Adjusting the form with site content
43
As a buffer space for the industry zone with housing
It IS better to have a buffer space in between the housing and the indus-try area. The buffer space also can be a noise barrier with the mai oad nearby.
Providing a large flatten green area for the public
The workers can take a rest in this green area before going to the MTR station. Moreover, the public also can take a est along the river side.
Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui nursing home User
Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui nursing home is located next to my site and separated by the Po Kong Vil lage road. It provides a temporary living service for the elderly who have an urgent need. There are 280 bed units for the elderly and a professional service team with doctors, nurses, social workers and etc.
The elderly should be aged over 65
Stable body situation: they need basic medical need and nursing care regularly
Disable body situation and assisted for moving: they need some tools for moving like wheelchair and need the medical support urgently (Mostly for this class with my observation)
44
ort facilities • Food market
45
Choi Hung road playground is managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services department. It consists of park, sport facilities and a food market. However, the playground is blocked by Choi Hung road totally with my site so the elderly need to cross several traffic zones to be there.
Facilities
It is 7 levels height with 280 bed units
There is a professional team with doctors, nurses, social workers physiotherapists, nutritionists, nursing helper and cooking team also.
There are control rooms in each floor to supervise the inflection condition
There are toilet, bathroom, medical bed, cabinet, call alarm, telephone and etc in each room for the elderly basic need
There is a small open space for the elderly need
There should be a bridge con-necting with the platform of the nursing house so the medical support team can come to the housing to look after the non-movable elderly. Moreover, the elderly can go to the nursing house though the bridge in or-der to avoid crossing the main road at ground floor which is too dangerous for those elder-ly who can not move well.
Choi Hung Road Playgrpund
m #
s Park
There are some sport facilities like 5-a-side soccer pitch, hand ball court, tennis court, basketball court, beach volleyball court and badminton center. The sport facilities can let the elderly have more exercising space for keeping fit.
-Food center iMm
The food market can provide the food for the daily need but the market is separated by the Choi Hung road totally.
Sport facilities
Underground tunnel connect with the playground
There can be an underground tunnel to let the elderly cross the road easily and safety to go to the food market to buy their daily things.
46
Elderly couple
Single elderly
Big family with elderly
Elderly with grand-sons
Young couple Young couple with kids
In the hous ing , I de f ine there are 7 type of fami ly ma in ly so I can des ign the spec i f ic uni ts for t hem. T h e r e are sepa ra ted into two ma in g roups w h i c h are the unit w i th t he e lder ly and the unit w i thou t the elderly. In each unit w i th the elderly, the barr ier f ree a c c e s s for the w h e e l chair w i th 1 5 0 0 m m turn ing p lace shou ld be cons ide red in the units.
Single Youth
47
Single elderly
No. of people: 1 Unit type: 1 bedroom Area: 25 m^
Elderly couple
100 100
No. of people: 2 Unit type: 1 bedroom Area: 40
Young couple
No. of people: 1 Unit type: 1 bedroom
2 Area: 25 m
100
48
Big family with elderly
No. of people: 5-6 Unit type: 1 bedroom Area: 75 nf
49
1:100 00
&
Young couple Youn( h kids 3 couple wi
No. of people: 2-4 Unit type: 2 bedroom Area: 55 m^
Elderly with grand-sons 50
I
5;
cn
100 S I =
100
Architect Peter Zumthor Locat ion Masans, Chur, Switzer land Complet ion: 1992-1993 Unit 21 apartments. 1 guest room, 1 ward room
i • Have a visual connection with inside
• There is a possibility of interaction during cooking
• The elderly can have visual connection with visitors before opening the door
• The plant can let the elderly recognize their home easily and can as a sign of their home
51
i f
i —"«?:
f--i> II
In Hong Kong, we are facing the prob lem of ageing populat ion. From the stat ist ics by Census and Stat ist ics Depar tment in Hong Kong, there are only 7.63 babies in every 1000 HK people were born in 2004. Because of the longer l ives for the elderly, the depar tment predicts there will be about 3 0 % elderly w h o are aged over 65 in the who le Hong Kong populat ion in 2030. That means there will be one elderly in every 4 Hong Kong people.
Number (Thousands) Proportion of older persons (%)
There will be already 30% populat ion who are 'elderly' , so there should be a l i igher proport ion of elderly residents in a housing which is de-s igned especial ly for the elderly group. I propose there can be about more than 4 0 % of the resi-dents who are elderly.
J Number of older peisona Pioportion of older persons to the total population
>3/F ibie Vv/if liair
Ail elderly can live in everywhere inside but the group of non-movab le elderly should live at G/F-3/F because they can be looked after by the medica l team from the nursing house which is connected at 3/F.
Elderly g roup Non-e lder ly group
G/F - 3/F i d
Non-
[
_ 0
fet ^ % p
hrrivj-cr tzn/n 4F1I LJ
The nursing care center also is located at 3/F
52
I u
klii • L™^ L [ L J L
Creating roof gardens for each floor
Having a semi-open space at ground floor
-
{• -AM
lia LZ [ •w- j L ^ saa mm EM Full blocking Broken down Re-combine
53
Part ial plan of 3/F 1:500
• The elderly can take a rest in front of their entrance and this can encourage them to meet each other to have social interaction.
• There are lots of visual connection between inside and outside courage people go outside and come inside to have interaction
it can en-
• The elderly can site in front of the en-trance to have interaction with others
• There is some void to be the semi open space to let the elderly to stay and also let the natural lighting and ventilation to enter the housing.
The elderly can communicate with other in the common corridor which is semi-public space
54
i
f is .' :^ m^i
S l S f f l M
H hi. )‘.)(•
RO:
4
Visual ccmnection with outside by two side's w indows
Give a sense of safety at both ends
200 >
.Z
o i t
Sit & Chat Planting
• The residents can communicate with each other while they are sitting in the corner
, • V I
i ^ j r r
:200
Sit & Chat Mahjong
• The residents can play mahjong in the social space in between the units
55
Bsr :200
Sit & C h a t Planting • The residents can hsive a cup of tea and have some
plants in social space
There are lots of social spaces as resting places for the elderly
There are lots of experiences while walking along the corridor by different activities happening here
56
Reading area Gym area
Sectional diagram 1:500
litect ASiRarcfiiiektefi L.ocaiiOfi Bad Rappenau. Germany Completion. 2007 Uriii 36 Assisldd Living Apactnienis
h
> A
The elderly can communicate with others who are living in different floors
The large semi-open space should have daylight, natural ventilation and greenery
There should be some void which can be in single height or double height to let the elderly to enjoy the semi-open space and provide a place to gather with their friends and neighbor.
si 57
Goniput6 zone
Let the natural sunlight pro-j ec t ing ins ide the corr idor
Crea te different spaces a long the corr idor so the elder ly wil l not ge t loss ins ide
Hav ing a visual connection wi th peop le w h o are in d i f ferent
f loors ins ide
• A [ ’ r > 4-
V
kr i r ‘ r f .
H
j3L JL
'V
Sectional diagram ^ g
uii
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L. L-
[_ L-
L L
L- L-
L L_ Lj, D Sectional d iagram 59 :2000
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Sectional diagram 60
i r
Sectional diagram 61
Computer zone
—
n nnn
a. Sectional diagram
62
10 /F - 16/F Young couple with kids
8/F - 9/F
G/F - 7/F
I P
Grand parent
• The neighbor can gather in the in between semi open space
The family can meet each other in the in between semi open space
r
i lb, Mm
1
1
I i
As a visual buffer to avoid the over-big atrium which is uncomfortable for people
As a light source to let the sunlight go into the lower part of the building 63
Sing ing
Mah jong
M a n a g e m e n t Water Therapy
Mul t i hal l
5/F
2/F Sectional diagram
1/F Sectional diagram
K L
m IS
G/F Sectional diagram
V
Sectional diagram M
2/F
Sectional diagram
• r
si .•.
4/F
65
G/F 1:2000
Park ng Boating iUl Parking area
The form of "infinity" can make a large green open space in the middle part of the housing
The security network can be formed by the orientation of the blockings which are not too high to lose the relation-ship with ground
G/F 1:1000
Open space outside Security Diagram Neighborhood Diagram
The elderly can communicate with others who c
living in different blocks
The buildings group can form a strong security
system to protect each others
66
o 9
--V
A
0800-1300
The orientation of the blockings is following the track of the sun so the sunlight can project into the atrium easily
0 8 0 0 - 1 3 0 0
t
The more shadow created means the more heat the building absorbed
The orientation of the building blocks is parallel tO the track of the sun that minimizes the heat en-ergy which the building absorbed
1 3 0 0 - 1 8 0 0 1 3 0 0 - 1 8 0 0 68
1300 -1800
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The natural ventilation can bring the heat OUt by passing through the atrium inside
1
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i
• The void of the caving out part can be the air gap to let the natural ventilation to pass through
70
The wind is coming from the south east in the summer so the wind can pass though the housing easily because of the wind tunnel along the housing. Moreover, there is a river in the middle of the housing project and it can be a natural cooler to cool down the tem-perature along the river side. It can provides a cool environment for the residents and the public in the summer.
V
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Reweaving the urban fabric : approaches to infill housing, edited by Ghislaine Hermanuz 1998
2] Peter Zumthor Therme Vals, edited by Peter Zumthor, 2007
:3] Peter Zumthor = Pita. Zunto, edited by A + U Pub. Co, 1998
4] The healing landscape : therapeutic outdoor environments, edited by Martha M‘ Tyson., 1998
5] Landscape design for elderly and disabled people, edited by Jane Stoneham and Peter Thoday. 1994
6] Living for the elderly : a design manual, edited by Eckhard Feddersen, Insa Ludtke, 2009
7] Accessible architecture, edited by Joachim Fischer and Philipp Meuser, 2009
:8] Design parameters for elderly care architecture in Hong Kong, edited by Department of Architecture, CUHK 2003
99
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