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Architectural Drafting

November 2012 Needs Assessment

Prepared by Elisa Lewis Date: November 25, 2012 Architectural Drafting

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Scope Data compiled in this report covers San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Data were drawn from external sources, including the Employment Development Department’s California Labor Market Information and the U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), as well as Chaffey College’s Colleague Administrative database. Data Sources and Calculations Educational Program Data TOP Code Program of Study

0953.10 Architectural Drafting The Taxonomy of Programs (TOP) is a standardized system used at the state level to classify programs and courses at California Community Colleges that are intended to achieve the same outcome. The Architectural Drafting program at Chaffey College is classified under the Architectural Drafting TOP code. CIP Code Program of Study

151303 Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a standardized coding system used at the federal level to facilitate accurate tracking, assessment, and reporting of fields of study and program completion at educational institutions throughout the country. This report draws on the Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD CIP code, which maps to the Architectural Drafting TOP code, to compare Chaffey College to other institutions and examine employment trends. Completions Data Degree and certificate data regarding students at Chaffey College were collected from the Colleague Administrative database. Degree and certificate data for all comparison schools were collected from the U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). All comparison institutions included in this report are postsecondary and have provided data to IPEDS. IPEDS defines postsecondary education as a formal program designed primarily for students beyond high school age. These include academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and exclude avocational and adult basic education programs. Occupational Data SOC Code Occupational Title

17-3011 Architectural and Civil Drafters The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories. The Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD CIP code was mapped to the SOC code listed in the table above using the crosswalk described in the paragraph below.

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Educational Program to Occupation Crosswalk The TOP-CIP-SOC Crosswalk (Employment Development Department, 2007) was used in this report to map TOP codes to CIP and SOC codes. This crosswalk allows the user to estimate labor market demand for California Community College program completers using SOC-based projections from the California Labor Market Information Division. Industry Data The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of conducting and reporting research on the U.S. business economy. The Standard Occupation Classification codes are mapped to industry data by the California Labor Market Information Division. Industry information is used to geographically map the business locations of potential employers as well as to observe trends across the industries that employ the occupations identified above.

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Introduction and Contents Contents Purpose and Goals 5 Background Information 6 Regional Job Outlook 8 Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers 11 Regional Graduation Summary 13 Chaffey College’s Performance on Core Indicators 14 Map of Employers and Competitor Institutions 15

Regional Definitions Inland Empire includes the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Los Angeles County includes the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale Metropolitan Division Orange County includes the Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine Metropolitan Division Key Terms and Concepts Replacement Jobs: Replacement jobs refer to the number of job openings due to workers leaving an occupation. Annual Openings: Annual openings are calculated by adding the number of new jobs to the number of replacement jobs, divided by the number of years in the projection period. Projections: Projections of employment are calculated by the Employment Development Department and are based on a mathematical formula that includes historical employment and economic indicators along with national, state, and local trends. Occupation: Jobs are grouped into occupations using the federal Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Industry: Occupations are grouped into industries using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Wages: Hourly wages are reported in percentiles and averages. The 25th percentile is a useful proxy of entry-level wages and the 75th percentile of experienced-level wages.

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Purpose and Goals Chaffey College currently offers an Associate in Science degree (27 units) and Certificate program (34 units) in Architectural Drafting. The following is a description of the Architectural Drafting program as outlined in the 2012-13 Catalog: “The drafting program degrees and certificates provide the basic knowledge and skills in drafting, mathematics, art, and related scientific and engineering areas to prepare students for employment in the manufacturing and architectural industries. Each program focuses on the skills necessary to be successful and gain employment in related fields. Computer aided drafting (CAD) will be used to complete the required work in most of the classes. The architectural drafting technician curriculum prepares students for employment as entry level architectural drafting aids, building designer of residences, detailer, designer, and CAD operators. Graduates of the program may find work in offices of architects, structural engineers, mechanical engineers, and other related industries.” Student Learning Outcomes: Upon the successful completion of these programs, students should be able to:

1. Effectively express information regarding drafting/design activities and topics through speaking, writing, producing drawings and diagrams, and using digital media and other appropriate modes of communication or expression.

2. Demonstrate knowledge and technical competency in applied drafting practice in their chosen discipline.

3. Demonstrate mastery of the application of modern CAD software tools in the production of technical documents.

4. Produce technical documents that comply with current industry accepted drafting standards and practices.

5. Address professional and ethical responsibilities including a respect for diversity. 6. Engage in self-directed life-long learning, especially concerning maintenance and improvement of

technical skills. 7. Work effectively in teams.

The purpose of this report is to integrate and analyze data from multiple sources to determine labor market needs for the Architectural Drafting program at Chaffey College.

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Background Information 1 California Community Colleges, Chancellor’s Office, Taxonomy of Programs, Sixth Edition (Corrected Version). 2 O*Net Online: http://online.onetcenter.org/find

Architectural Drafting Architectural Drafting programs in California Community Colleges focus on teaching preparation of work drawings and electronic simulations for architectural and related construction projects.1 The descriptions of job duties for Architectural Drafting-related occupations are provided by the Occupational Information Network.2

Architectural and Civil Drafters2 Architectural and Civil Drafters Prepare detailed drawings of architectural and structural features of buildings or drawings and topographical relief maps used in civil engineering projects, such as highways, bridges, and public works. Use knowledge of building materials, engineering practices, and mathematics to complete drawings. Architectural Drafters2

Architectural Drafters prepare detailed drawings of architectural designs and plans for buildings and structures according to specifications provided by architect. Typical Tasks for Architectural Drafters

♦ Operate computer-aided drafting (CAD) equipment or conventional drafting station to produce designs, working drawings, charts, forms and records.

♦ Analyze building codes, by-laws, space and site requirements, and other technical documents and reports to determine their effect on architectural designs.

♦ Coordinate structural, electrical and mechanical designs and determine a method of presentation to graphically represent building plans.

♦ Draw rough and detailed scale plans for foundations, buildings and structures, based on preliminary concepts, sketches, engineering calculations, specification sheets and other data.

♦ Lay out and plan interior room arrangements for commercial buildings using computer-assisted drafting (CAD) equipment and software.

♦ Obtain and assemble data to complete architectural designs, visiting job sites to compile measurements as necessary.

♦ Supervise, coordinate, and inspect the work of draftspersons, technicians, and technologists on construction projects.

♦ Determine procedures and instructions to be followed, according to design specifications and quantity of required materials.

♦ Represent architect on construction site, ensuring builder compliance with design specifications and advising on design corrections, under architect's supervision.

♦ Check dimensions of materials to be used and assign numbers to lists of materials.

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2O*Net Online: http://online.onetcenter.org/find

Civil Drafters2 Civil Drafters prepare drawings and topographical and relief maps used in civil engineering projects, such as highways, bridges, pipelines, flood control projects, and water and sewerage control systems. Typical Tasks for Civil Drafters

♦ Produce drawings using computer-assisted drafting systems (CAD) or drafting machines, or by hand using compasses, dividers, protractors, triangles and other drafting devices.

♦ Draw maps, diagrams, and profiles, using cross-sections and surveys, to represent elevations, topographical contours, subsurface formations and structures.

♦ Draft plans and detailed drawings for structures, installations, and construction projects such as highways, sewage disposal systems, and dikes, working from sketches or notes.

♦ Determine the order of work and method of presentation, such as orthographic or isometric drawing.

♦ Finish and duplicate drawings and documentation packages, according to required mediums and specifications for reproduction using blueprinting, photography, or other duplicating methods.

♦ Review rough sketches, drawings, specifications, and other engineering data received from civil engineers to ensure that they conform to design concepts.

♦ Calculate excavation tonnage and prepare graphs and fill-hauling diagrams for use in earth-moving operations.

♦ Supervise and train other technologists, technicians and drafters. ♦ Correlate, interpret, and modify data obtained from topographical surveys, well logs, and

geophysical prospecting reports. ♦ Determine quality, cost, strength and quantity of required materials, and enter figures on

materials lists.

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Regional Job Outlook

Projected Regional Job Outlook The table below displays 2010 employment estimates and 2020 projections for Architectural Drafting-related jobs, with the exception of Orange County which displays estimates and projections for 2008-2018. Job openings for Architectural and Civil Drafters are growing slower than average in the Inland Empire and Orange County. Conversely, job openings in Los Angeles County are on a slow decline while California as a whole is showing little to no change.

Total

Estimated 2010 Jobs

Total Projected 2020 Jobs

Projected Growth (%)

Ave. Annual New Job Openings

Ave. Annual Replacement Job Openings

Ave. Annual Total Job Openings

Architectural and Civil Drafters

State of California 12,700 12,600 -100 (-0.8%) -10 260 250

Inland Empire 530 550 20 (3.8%) 2 10 12

Los Angeles CO 2,970 2,910 -60 (-2.0%) -6 63 57

Orange CO 1,840 1,950 110 (6.0%) 11 40 51

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited November 26, 2012).

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Projected Regional Job Growth The graphs below show the projected growth from 2010 to 2020 of Architectural Drafting-related jobs, with the exception of Orange County (2008-2018 projected growth in this region). As the graphs show, the number of Architectural and Civil Drafters jobs is expected to grow slowly in the Inland Empire and Orange County. Architectural and Civil Drafters jobs are expected to slowly decline in Los Angeles County.

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-10

0

10

20

California Inland Empire Los Angeles County

Orange County

% G

row

thArchitectural and Civil Drafters

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited November 26, 2012).

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Regional Hourly Wages This table displays the First Quarter of 2012 hourly wage statistics of Architectural and Civil Drafters-related jobs. Orange County appears to be the most lucrative area for Architectural and Civil Drafters; nonetheless, wages are quite comparable across all regions of interest. An employee in one of these jobs can expect to earn anywhere from $19/hr to $33/hr, depending on the specific job and the employee’s level of experience.

Mean Hourly Rate 25th Percentile Median Hourly Rate 75th Percentile

Architectural and Civil Drafters

State of California $27.11 $20.31 $26.08 $32.93

Inland Empire $27.10 $20.50 $25.95 $32.14

Los Angeles CO $26.32 $19.52 $23.98 $32.07

Orange CO $27.88 $22.37 $27.36 $33.48

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited November 26. 2012).

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Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers Largest Industry Employers of Architectural Drafting-Related Occupations The graphs below display the 2008 staffing patterns of the largest industries employing Architectural and Civil Drafters-related occupations across the state of California. Each of these occupations is primarily employed by the Architectural and Engineering Services.

02,0004,0006,0008,000

10,00012,00014,00016,000

Num

ber o

f Em

ploy

ees

Architectural and Civil Drafters

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited November 26, 2012).

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Change Over Time of the Largest Industry Employers of Architectural Drafting-Related Occupations The graphs below display projections of staffing changes from 2008-2018 of the largest industries employing Architectural Drafting-related occupations in the state of California.

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-40

-20

0

20

40

60

Perc

ent C

hang

eArchitectural and Civil Drafters

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited November 26, 2012). Other Industries with Growth in Architectural Drafting-Related Occupations No additional industries are associated with Architectural Drafting-related occupations.

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Regional Graduation Summary Education and Training3 Education and training requirements for Architectural Drafting-related occupations vary. Architectural Drafters jobs require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not. A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified. Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training. Many of these occupations involve coordinating, supervising, managing, or training others. Civil Drafters jobs require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree. Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job. Employees in these occupations usually need one or two years of training involving both on-the-job experience and informal training with experienced workers. A recognized apprenticeship program may be associated with these occupations. These occupations usually involve using communication and organizational skills to coordinate, supervise, manage, or train others to accomplish goals. Regional Completers in Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD Programs The table below displays the number of program completers in the 2010-11 academic year at regional institutions offering Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD programs. Besides Chaffey College, there are 4 institutions offering degrees or certificates below the baccalaureate level across the four county region.

Institution Name Award Level

< 1 year Certificate 1 to < 2 year Certificate

Associate’s Degree

2 to < 4 year Certificate

Chaffey College -- -- 3 --

Citrus College 2 -- -- --

College of the Canyons 1 -- 2 --

Long Beach City College 6 -- 2 --

Santa Ana College -- -- 2 --

Total 9 0 9 0

Note: “--“ indicates that this type of degree is not offered. “0” indicates that this degree/certificate level is offered but no degrees or certificates were granted. Source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, on the Internet at: http://www.nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ (visited November 26, 2012) 3Labor Market Info, Employment Development Department, California Occupational Guides, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/occguides/ (visited November 26, 2012).

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Chaffey College’s Performance on Core Indicators The Perkins IV Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 mandates that all state and local postsecondary institutions provide data on six core performance indicators for their career and technical education programs. These indicators are: 1) Technical Skill Attainment; 2) Completions; 3) Persistence and Transfer; 4) Employment; 5) Non-traditional Participation; and 6) Non-traditional Completion. Performance goals are set at the state and local levels and progress is monitored based on a comparison between the actual percentage of students who master each performance area and the negotiated levels of performance. 2010-11 Chaffey College Performance on Core Indicators The table below displays negotiated and actual core performance indicator levels for all Chaffey College students classified under the Architectural Drafting TOP code. These students performed above district negotiated levels on Core Indicators 1 and 5a.

Core Performance Indicators Negotiated Level

Chaffey College Performance

Percent Above or Below District

Negotiated Level State District

Architectural Drafting

Core 1 – Technical Skill Attainment 88.82% 88.82% 93.33% 4.5%

Core 2 – Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 80.93% 76.88% 100.00% N/A

Core 3 – Persistence and Transfer 85.86% 85.86% 80.00% -5.9%

Core 4 – Employment 81.48% 81.48% DR N/A

Core 5a – Non-traditional Participation 22.08% 20.53% 40.00% 19.5%

Core 5b – Non-traditional Completions 25.00% 22.75% 28.57% N/A

Source: CA Community Colleges Reporting Services, Architectural Drafting, College Core Indicator Information by 6-Digit TOP (Fiscal Planning Year 2012-13)

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Map of Competitor Institutions

Architectural and Engineering Services employs the largest numbers of Architectural Drafting program graduates in the state of California. The locations of Chaffey College and other competitor institutions offering degrees or certificates in Architectural Drafting programs are mapped below.