arcblastflash-12577416146274-phpapp02.ppt

7/24/2019 arcblastflash-12577416146274-phpapp02.ppt

1/89

ARCFLASH /BLAST

SAFETY


2/89

What is the best way to prevent the

hazards of electricity?Stop - Before Action

Think - Risks/Hazards

Options - LOO-a!o"t-ryo"t

Protection - #roper ##$

Avoiding energized

circuits is the Safest

Way!


3/89

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

Why Electrical Safety Practicesand Procedres!

"# An esti$ated %&'&&& non(fatal

electrical shoc) accidents occr eachyear#

*# O+er ,&& -eo-le die fro$electroction each year#

%# Electroction re$ains the forth .th0

hi1hest case of indstrialfatalities#

# A--ro2i$ately %&&& re-orted flash3rn incidents re-orted annallyalon1 4ith a--ro2i$ately %5& deaths#


4/89

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

NFPA 70E Standard for

Electrical Safety in the

Worklace

% For$ally Standard for ElectricalSafety "e#uire$ents for E$loyee

Worklaces%

% Be1in "67, 3y 8FPAto assist OSHA


5/89

ELECTRICAL HA9AR:S

% Shoc)

% Arc Flash ; Arc Blast

% Fire I1nition


6/89

So$e arc flash ini-$ent

e+ery day in the ?nited States' accordin1 to statisticsco$-iled 3y Ca-(Schell' Inc#' a Chica1o(3ased research andconsltin1 fir$ that s-eciali@es in -re+entin1 4or)-lacein


7/89

The Effects of Shoc) ( I$$ediate

% I$$ediate

& scle contraction

& Dital or1ans .heart' ln1s' etc0

& Tin1lin1

& Pain

& Breathin1

& :isorientation

& :i@@iness


8/89

The Effects of Shoc) Lon1Ter$

% Lon1 Ter$

& e$ory Loss

& 8er+os :isorders& Che$ical I$3alances

& :a$a1e to Dital Or1ans

&So$eti$es Fatal


9/89

In


10/89

Effects of AC Crrent

ore than %$A (Painfl shoc)s 4hich can caseindirect accidents

ore than "&$A (scle contraction' not a3le

to let 1oG

ore than %&$A (Ln1 -aralysis' sallyte$-orary


11/89

Effects of AC Crrent

ore than 5&$A ( Possi3le +entriclarfi3rillation

"&&$A to a$- ( Certain fatal +entriclarfi3rillation

O+er a$-s ( Se+ere 3rns' heart-aralysis


12/89

Resistance and the Body

The body has anatural defensesystem (Skin)

Why 50 volts?

How can you raisebody resistance?

The key to survivalis decrease ourexosure!

"hm#s $aw for %lectric current(ams)& volta'e and ody esistance

The tyical body has a contactresistance of 500 ohms at the oint ofcontact with the electrical source!

The body has an internal resistanceof aroximately *00 ohms!

There is another oint of contact to'round of maybe 5000 ohms!

&*+0v , (500- . *00- . 5000-) / +*m

&50v , (500- . *00- . 5000-) / 1!2 m

3t is around *0 m that the 4cannotlet 'o level is reached! "nce lock uoccurs& exosure time is increasedand the ossibility of electrocutionmay occur!


13/89


14/89

T4o ty-es of 3rns fro$ Shoc)

Srface Brns% Cased 3y entrance and e2it of

electrical crrents thro1h the 3ody

% Can 3e cased 3y a +ery s$alla$ont of crrent

% "st de1ree to %rdde1ree


15/89

T4o ty-es of 3rns fro$ Shoc)

Internal Tisse Brns% Cased 3y crrent flo4in1 thro1h or1ans

of the 3ody% Cased 3y crrents in e2cess of "#5 a$-s

% %rd de1ree

% Internal or1ans

% Ty-ically fatal


16/89


17/89

One Ty-e of Brn fro$ Arc Flash

Srface Brns% Cased 3y e2-osre to the arc flash% Can case $ore srface 3rns if the initial

arc flash i1nites other $aterial sch as

clothin1% "st de1ree to %rdde1ree% It has and $ay case death


18/89

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

Ho4 to -re+ent Shoc)!

"# Place Circits in an Electrically SafeWor)in1 Conditions 3y Loc)in1 ot and

ta11in1 ot all sorces

Cha-ter "' Section "**.:0 of8FPA 7&E( *&&

*# Derifyin1 that no electrical ener1y is -resent

Cha-ter "' Section "**.:0 of8FPA 7&E( *&&


19/89

AF Incident

& Dolt Syste$

**',&&& A$-Sy$$etrical Falt

otor ControllerEnclosre

,(Cycle Arcin1 Falt ."sec0


20/89

E2-osre to :an1er

% he 'ational $lectric (ode protects individ"alsfro) shock hazards "nder nor)al conditions*

% +t is not desi!ned to protect "s fro) a3nor$alconditions*

% We need additional policies to protect fro)

a3nor$al conditions*


21/89

Conditions

% 8or$al Conditions

& Panel Co+ers In Place#

& E>i-$ent -l11ed in nor$ally#

& 8or$al' desi1ned -rotection in -lace#


22/89

Conditions

% A3nor$al Conditions

& Panel co+ers re$o+ed#

& E>i-$ent te$-orarily 4ired#

& 8or$al desi1ned% -rotection sch as 1ards' li$its s4itches'

etc#' not in -lace#


23/89

Protection fro$ A3nor$alConditions

% The Co$-any

& ',#A . $

& OHA

& $lectrical afety

& #roced"res 0an"al

& $lectrical afety

& rainin!


24/89

Protection fro$ A3nor$alConditions

% Yo& he first line of defense

& Only yo" can tr"ly keep yo" safe

& +)ple)ent afety #roced"res O"tlined in

afety 0an"al

& Only yo" can ens"re that yo" !o ho)e at

ni!ht


25/89

Old School

% Electricians ha+e al4ays reco1ni@edthe shoc) ha@ards of electricity# Theyare ta1ht=

% o consider circ"its to be ener!ized

% o ins"late and protect o"r selves

% tand to one side if yo" s"spect an arc flash/blast


26/89

8e4 School

% Arc ,lash and Blast hazards were not for)ally

st"died "ntil 1223 4+$$$ 1567 be!an st"dy8

% $lectricians have not e9perienced arc flash and

blasts to the sa)e fre:"ency as electrical shock*% We have not been trained how to avoid and

)ini)ize arc flash and blasts in the past*

% he $lectrical $ner!ized Work #ractices o"tlinedin ',#A .$ incorporates )eas"res to help

avoid or )ini)ize da)a!e fro) arc flash*


27/89

What is an Arc Flash!

8FPA 7&E says anarc flash ha@ard is=

A dangerous condition

associated with the

release of energy caused

by an electric arc

A ha@ard 3eyond shoc) and

electroction


28/89

Bolted and Arcin1 FaltCharacteristics

% Arcin1 falt incident ener1y released is=& reater at hi1her 3olted falt crrent le+els& Redced 3y dyna$ic i$-edance .air0& And increased 3y the ti$e dration of the arc

% The $ost controlla3le factor in redcin1 the incidentener1y is ti$e

% Crrent flo4 in a &D arcin1 falt is a--ro2i$ately halfthat of the 3olted falt crrent .i$-edance of air0

% Fses or circit 3rea)ers are the first line of defense inredcin1 arcin1 falt incident ener1y

% Calclatin1 arc falt incident ener1y is a +ery co$-le2en1ineerin1 tas)


29/89

Cases of Bolted and Arcin1Falts

% What cases these ty-es of falts!& Bolted fa"lts 4low i)pedance and hi!h c"rrent8

% Co$$only cased 3y

& I$-ro-er connections after $aintenance

& Installation errors

&Arcin! fa"lts 4hi!h i)pedance; lower c"rrent8

% Co$$only cased 3y

& Careless co+er or de+ice re$o+al

& Forei1n o3i-$ent& isali1n$ent of $o+in1 contacts .-arts failre0

& :irt conta$ination or dielectric 3rea)do4n

& Entry of forei1n 3ody .rodent' sna)e' s>irrel' h$an0


30/89

Inslation Failres

% Loose (onnections

&Ani)als

& #oorly )aintained e:"ip)ent

& $:"ip)ent fail"res

& +nadvertent contact


31/89

T4o Ty-es of a


32/89

Electric Arcs Prodce=

% he intense heat fro) arc ca"ses the

s"dden e9pansion of air that res"lts in a

blast with very stron! air press"re

4Li!htnin! is a nat"ral arc8*


33/89


34/89

Electric Arcs Prodce=

% $lectric arcs prod"ce the hi!hest

te)perat"res on earth &"p to 35;...

de!rees ,ahrenheit 47 9 te)p of the s"n8=


35/89

AF Incident


36/89

AF Incident


37/89

AF Incident


38/89

AF Incident


39/89

AF Incident


40/89

:e+elo-$ents Leadin1 to 8FPA7&E(*&&

Lar1e Hydro in Pacific8W

,#6 )D S41r

Rac)in1 in Brea)er

AF occrred

One 4or)er in


41/89

Electric Arcs Effects=

% All known )aterials are vaporized at this

te)perat"re* 4(opper e9pands >;...

ti)es; Water 1>. ti)es8*


42/89

:e+elo-$ents Leadin1 to 8FPA7&E(*&&


43/89


% Arcs in enclos"res; s"ch as a 0otor

(ontrol (enters 40((s8 or switch!ear;

)a!nify blast and ener!y trans)itted as

the blast is forced to the open side of theenclos"re*


44/89


% Arcs spray droplets of )olten )etal at

hi!h-speed press"re* Blast shrapnel can

penetrate the body*


45/89

AF Incident


46/89


% Blast press"re waves have thrown

workers across roo)s and knocked the)

off ladders* #ress"re on the chest can be

hi!her than ... lbs/ s:* ft*


47/89


48/89


% Hearin! loss fro) so"nd blast* he so"nd

can have a )a!nit"de as hi!h as 17. dB

at a distance of feet fro) the arc*


49/89


% $ner!y released is a f"nction of@

% syste) volta!e

% fa"lt c"rrent )a!nit"de

% fa"lt d"ration


50/89

Reslts of an Arc Flash

% Other non(h$anconse>ences

% :o4nti$e

% Lost re+ene% Loss of -rodct

% E>i-$ent da$a1e

% Re1latory i$-act

% OSHA citation and fines

H t t t i t Sh )


51/89

Ho4 to -rotect a1ainst Shoc)and Arc Flash/Blast!

Cha-ter "' Section "%& of 8FPA(7&E*&&1* "stification for Live Work

* Work #er)its ec"red if Applicable

3* Approach Bo"ndaries $stablisheda8 hock #rotection

b8 Li)ited Bo"ndary

c8 Restricted Bo"ndary

d8 #rohibited Bo"ndary

7* ,lash #rotection && O'$ BO


52/89

Electrical Arc Facts

% Arc is electric crrent -assin1 thro1h air& hock potential fro) contact with arc

% Te$-eratre of arc -las$a center is 1reaterthan 5&&&KF .so$e say $ch hi1her0& Radiated heat b"rns

% Pressre 4a+e 1enerated fro$ arc& +)pact to hearin!; etc& Daseo"s copper is 77;... ti)es solid

& 0olten )etal e9pelled fro) e:"ip)ent at hi!h speed% Arc falt reslts fro$ so$ethin1 4ron1 or

ot of -lace


53/89

Arcin1 Short Circit


54/89

,lash protection bo"ndary

Li)ited approach bo"ndary

Li)ited space

Restricted approach bo"ndary

Restricted space

Any point on an e9posed;

ener!ized electrical cond"ctor

or circ"it part

#rohibited space

#rohibited approach bo"ndary

Flash -rotection 3ondary=

An approach li)it at a distance fro) e9posed

live parts within which a person co"ld receive a

second de!ree b"rn if an electric arc flash were

to occ"r*

4',#A .$8


55/89

Arc Flash Bondary


56/89


57/89

A--roach Bondaries

&i$ited Aroach 'oundaryentered only by :"alified persons or "n:"alified persons that havebeen advised and are escorted by a :"alified person

"estricted Aroach 'oundary

entered only by :"alified persons re:"ired to "se shock protectiontechni:"es and ##$

Prohi(ited Aroach 'oundaryentered only by :"alified persons re:"irin! sa)e protection as ifdirect contact with live part

Flash Protection 'oundary linear distance to prevent any )ore than nd de!ree b"rns fro) a potential

arc-flash 4ypically 7 feet8


58/89

Section """, of the*&&* 8EC Re>ires Arc

FlashHa@ard La3els

Arc Flash La3elin1 Re>ired 3y


59/89

Arc Flash La3elin1 Re>ired 3y8EC

% """, Flash Protection# witchboards;panelboards; ind"strial control panels; and)otor control centers in other than dwellin!occ"pancies; that are likely to re:"ire

e9a)ination; adE"st)ent; servicin!; or)aintenance while ener!ized; shall be field)arked to warn :"alified persons of potentialelectric arc flash hazards* he )arkin! shall be

located so as to be clearly visible to :"alifiedpersons before e9a)ination; adE"st)ent;servicin!; or )aintenance of the e:"ip)ent*

Arc Flash La3elin1 Re>ired 3y


60/89

Arc Flash La3elin1 Re>ired 3y8EC

,#' 'o* 1@ ',#A .$-...; Electrical SafetyRequirements for Employee Workplaces,provides assistance in deter)inin! severity ofpotential e9pos"re; plannin! safe work practices;

and selectin! personal protective e:"ip)ent*

,#' 'o* @ A'+ F535*7-1226; Product SafetySigns and Labels, provides !"idelines for thedesi!n of safety si!ns and labels for applicationto prod"cts*

Reprinted from E!" #$$#


61/89


62/89

Arc Flash and Shoc) Ha@ardA--ro-riate PPE Re>ired


63/89


64/89


65/89

48 inch Flash Hazard Boundary

7.4 cal/cm2Flash Hazard at 18 inches

HRC 2 PPE e!el" FR Clothes" #hield" Hard Hat" eather

$lo!es" eather #hoes" Hearin% Protection

48& '(C #hoc) Hazard *hen Co!er is remo!ed42 inch imited (++roach

12 inch Restricted (++roach , -&& ' Class && $lo!es

1 inch Prohiited (++roach , -&& ' Class && $lo!es

(o"rtesy $*+* d" #ont de 'e)o"rs G (o*


ini$i@e Ris) 4ith ood Safety


66/89

ini$i@e Ris) 4ith ood SafetyPractices


67/89


24 inch Flash Hazard Boundary

cal/cm2Flash Hazard at 18 inches

HRC 1 PPE e!el" FR Pants 0 #hirt 4 cal/cm2

48& '(C #hoc) Hazard *hen Co!er is remo!ed

42 inch imited (++roach12 inch Restricted (++roach , -&& ' Class && $lo!es

1 inch Prohiited (++roach , -&& ' Class && $lo!es

(o"rtesy $*+* d" #ont de 'e)o"rs G (o*


68/89


69/89

8FPA 7&E= Safety in Wor)-lace

OSHA "6"%%% .a0 ."0 ; 8FPA 7&E "%"

Malified electrical 4or)ers shall not 3e as)ed to 4or) one>i-$ent that is hotG or li+eG e2ce-t for t4ode$onstra3le reasons =

)* +e,energizing introduces additional or increased hazards-

a0 cttin1 +entilation to a ha@ardos location30 e$er1ency alar$ syste$s

or

.* /nfeasi(le due to e#ui$ent design or oerational li$itations-a0 +olta1e testin1 for dia1nostics30 start - testin1


70/89

Safety(Related Wor) Practices

"6"&(%%% Selection ; se of 4or) -ractices

.a0 eneral# Safety(related 4or) -ractices shall 3e

e$-loyed to -re+ent electric shoc) or otherin


71/89

Safety(Related Wor) Practices

"6"&(%%5 Safe 1ards for -ersonnel -rotection

.a0.*0.B0.ii0 Protecti+e shields' -rotecti+e

3arriers' or inslatin1 $aterials shall 3esed to -rotect each e$-loyee fro$ shoc)'3rns' or other electrically related in


72/89

Arc Flash Incident


73/89

Bac)1rond

ay *&&%

Tro3leshootin1ener1i@ed otdoors4itch1ear

Three 4or)ers' all4earin1 -olyester3lend clothin1

Dolta1e N "%'*&&D

A co$-any secrityca$era fil$ed theentire accident


74/89

AF Incident

The ne2t scene sho4sa 3all of fla$e totallyen1lfin1 the three4or)ers


75/89

AF Incident

The 4or)er 4ho4as standin1 infront of thee>i-$ent on theleft hand side is

en1lfed infla$es#

The 4or)er layin1in the cell is-ro-elled ot4ardin a 3all of fla$es#


76/89

In


77/89

In


78/89

AF Incident

The 4or)er 4ho 4asat the 3otto$ of theco$-art$ent iscra4lin1 a4ay fro$the e>i-$ent 4ithhis clothin1 on fire#

The 4or)er on theri1ht lands on his3ac) 4ith his feet inthe air#

The 4or)er on the leftis rnnin1 a4ay#


79/89

AF Incident

State of shoc)#

Panic after the ArcFlash and Arc Blast#


80/89

AF Incident

The 4or)er on fire isfrantically tearin1 hisco+eralls fro$ his3ody#

As he is doin1 this' 4ecan see the 4or)-antshe is 4earin1nderneath hisco+eralls are on fire#


81/89

Whos Res-onsi3le for Safety!

The E$-loyerG is res-onsi3le for% OHA re:"ire)ents% $lectrical afety #ro!ra)% afety #olicies and #roced"res% afety rainin! and Retrainin!

The E$-loyeeG is res-onsi3le for% +)ple)entin! proced"res% ',#A .$-11.*34B8I

The O4nerG and Contractors are 3oth

res-onsi3le% o coordinate and doc")ent hazards and safety proced"res% (ontractors on site and visa versa

',#A .$-11.*34B8I

R t El t i l


82/89

Res-onse to an ElectricalAccident

#ersonnel that are rained in (#R sho"ldbe identified and available when work near

or on ener!ized parts is bein! perfor)ed

R t El t i l


83/89

Res-onse to an ElectricalAccident

The first ste- $st 3e to

T?R8 THE POWER OFFG

Wh t A i F lt l ) li)


84/89

What an Arcin1 Falt loo)s li)e=

Ste-s to Ta)e if an Electrical


85/89

Ste-s to Ta)e if an ElectricalAccident Ha--ens

% Re$o+e the I$$ediate Ha@ard=

& trn Off the Po4er

% Re$e$3er that S-eed is Essential% E2tin1ish fla$es

% Call for Hel- .6""0

% Be1in CPR ; First Aid

Ste-s to Ta)e if an Electrical


86/89

Ste-s to Ta)e if an ElectricalAccident Ha--ens

% First Aid& Cool the 3rn 4ith 4ater

& :o not atte$-t to re$o+e 3rned clothin1

& Ele+ate 3rned li$3s

& Handle the +icti$ 4ith care

& Treat for shoc)

& aintain 3ody te$-eratre& :o not 1i+e anythin1 3y $oth

CPR


87/89

CPR

Personnel that 4or) near or on ener1i@ed-arts shold 3e trained in CPR#


88/89

What is the best way to prevent the

hazards of electricity?

Stop - Before Action

Think - Risks/Hazards

Options - LOO-a!o"t-ryo"t

Protection - #roper ##$

Avoiding energizedcircuits is the Safest

Way!


89/89

The

%nd6illis safety services& llc7

89:2 ;ounty oad 9

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arcblastflash-12577416146274-phpapp02.ppt