FOREWORD

Arab Middle East Youth

The authors of the articles presented in this issue of the Journal represent only a part of the group contributing to the program. Ad- ditional papers are in preparation but, as the first published descriptions of these studies, acknowledgement is due to two members of the Cross- Cultural Research Group not represented in this series: Mohamed Osman Nagaty of Cairo University and George Miller of Aleppo College, Syria. In addition, in the United States are several who have worked closely with the group in Cairo and Beirut, participating in both con- ferences and seminars, not only in the interest of this program but also in support of the general interest in research in the behavioral sciences in the Middle East. Philip DuBois and Harold Webster assumed re- sponsibility for the early statistical analysis and standardization pro- cedures. After termination of data collection, Rolfe LaForge became an associate of the program, and during a year of strenuous work first in Cairo and then in Rome, completed the difficult task of organizing the data into a form which, to an important extent, has provided the basis for the reports in this series. In addition, though not represented in these reports, are Carl Hovland, Jean Macfarlane and Nevitt Sanford, who have contributed importantly to both method and content. Their contributions, however, are evident in the papers of this series.

In the Middle East there are several who, as members of the ad- visory committee, have contributed significantly: Hanna Risk, A. A. El-Koussy, Abbas Ammar, and E. Terry Prothro. There are others who have in important ways assisted in the solution of many of the problems and, during difficult times, made it possible to carry the work forward: Raymond McLain, President of the American University at Cairo, Stephen Penrose, who, before his untimely death, was President of the American University of Beirut, John Province, Director of the Social Research Center in Cairo, and Wendell Clelland, during the period when he was President of the American University a t Cairo.

In addition to those who participated in the Middle East there were several in the United States who, interested in the Middle East or in mecia1 problems, have given generously of their time. We should men- tion in particular Daniel Lerner, Henry Murray, Morroe Berger, Horace Minor. Daniel Miller, and William Shroger. William Dix, Librarian of the Firestone Library, has made office and library facilities available during a period of the research at Princeton University.

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In England, during 1958-1959, the Oxford Institute of Experimental Psychology provided office and other facilities for the continuation of the analysis. We are grateful to Albert Hourani and Stuart Redmond of Oxford University, L. J. Lewis and A. E. Maxwell of the University of London, Isabelle Menzies of the Tavistock Institute, and to J. S . Triming- ham of the University of Glascow, who have advised on numerous prob- lems. We are particularly indebted to W. D. Wall of UNESCO and Di- rector of the National Foundation for Educational Research, England, who, over a period of several years, served informally as a consultant.

Finally, for the immense task of coding, which has made available an important segment of the data, and for contribution to the analysis in all its phases we are indebted to Mary Elizabeth Hudson, who has assumed many important responsibilities during the entire period of research.

Cross-Cultural Research Group EGYPT

Members : Dr. Mohamed Khalifa Barakat

Men’s Higher Institute of Education Dr. Mohamed Osman Nagaty

Cairo University Mr. George Gardner

American University at Cairo

Coordinator: Egypt

Research Associate Dr. M. N. Raafat

Men’s Higher Institute of Education Graduate Research Assistants:

Awad Abdalla Ohmed Hoksha Shoukry Dawod Jeff Coult Salah el Din Fail Abdel Galil Hassan Mohamed Sherif

Saad abdel Rahman

A h Galil el Sayed

IRAQ Member :

Dr. Ibrahim Muhyi Higher Teacher‘s College, Baghdad

Research Assistants: Majid Hasso S. K. Al-Qairi

LEBANON Members :

Dr. Pergrouhi Najarian Coordinator: East Mediterranean American University of Beirut

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Dr. Levon Melikian American University of Beirut

Research Associates : Dr. Jack Keehn

Miss Suad Wakim Beirut College for Women

Graduate Research Assistants : Anahid Apelian Nameeda Kanawaty David Davidian Emma Oshigan

American University of Beirut

SYRIA Member :

Mr. George Miller Aleppo College

Research Associates : Dr. Mohamed Kazem Men’s Higher Institute of Education, Cairo Dr. Marzia Kouatley

Damascus

CAIRO-ROME Director-Statistical Center

Dr. Rolfe LaForge University of Illinois

Research Associates :

Research Assistants : Mrs. Joan LaForge

Natalie Bergamo Marta Buonoccorsi

Dr. Renato Lazzari

Dominico Ciccorelli Alma Pritchard

UNITED STATES Members :

Dr. Bradford B. Hudson The Rice University

Dr. R. MacLeod Cornell University

Research Assistants :

Program Coordinator Program Administrative Center

Barbara Alfie Carol Ann Horn Lynne Clar+ John Justice John Cooney Christopher Montgomery Anita Blankenship Fawcett Betty Walden

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Advisory Committee

Dr. Matta Akrawi UNESCO, Paris

Dr. Abbas Ammar I. L. O., Geneva

Dr. Philip DuBois Washington University

Dr. A. A. H. El-Koussy Ministry of Education, Cairo

Dr. Carl Hovland Yale University

Dr. Habib Kurani American University of Beirut

Dr. Jean Macfarlane

Dr. E. Terry Prothro

Mr. Hanna Rizk

Dr. Nevitt Sanford

Dr. Harold Webster

University of California

American University of Beirut

American University, Cairo

University of California

university of California

The research with which these reports are concerned was made possible by two generous grants from the Ford Foundation, a series of grants by the Rice University providing continuing support since the in- ception of the program, and by a fellowship grant by the U.S. Department of Public Health, Education and We1fare.l The research group is particu- larly indebted to Cleon Swayzee and Kenneth Iverson of the Ford Founda- tion, who, through their encouragement and support during both early and critical stages in the program, made possible its development into a major study.

During the entire period UNESCO has provided encouragement and appointed Dr. Matta Akrawi to the Advisory Committee. When circumstances made it necessary to leave Egypt and establish headquarters in Italy, W. R. Aykroid and Frank Weisl of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the U.N. made both office and computing equipment of this organization avaiIable to the group. In addition, the assistance and cooperation of Dott. Angelo Amati deserves special mention. The Italian Ministry of Labor arranged for the use of its IBM computing facilities. In fact, the assistance provided in Italy by these two organizations made it possible to carry the work forward with little loss of time after the transfer from Cairo to Rome.

Acknowledgments would not be complete without an expression of gratitude to the International Business Machines Corporation for the quality of its service and consideration in Cairo, Rome, Sindelfingen, London, New York, and Houston.

Bradford B. Hudson ' P.H.S. 9226.

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