View
216
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
AquiferAquifer
An underground body of An underground body of water held by rock (enough water held by rock (enough water to be usable)water to be usable)
Water TableWater Table
The level of the water below the The level of the water below the groundground
Examples of AquifersExamples of Aquifers
Good Aquifer/Poor AquiferGood Aquifer/Poor Aquifer
Gravel, sand and Gravel, sand and depositsdeposits
Fractured Fractured (broken up) (broken up) LimestoneLimestone
Solid rock, Solid rock, GraniteGranite
Rocks with poor Rocks with poor permeability permeability
(water cannot pass (water cannot pass though them though them easily)easily)
Different Rock typesDifferent Rock types
1. Granite 1. Granite 2. Gravel 2. Gravel 3. Limestone 3. Limestone
Porosity and Porosity and PermeabilityPermeability Porosity- the percent of the rock Porosity- the percent of the rock
that is made up of spaces (air that is made up of spaces (air holes)holes)
Permeability-how well connected Permeability-how well connected the holes in the rock are, and how the holes in the rock are, and how well water can travel through it. well water can travel through it.
Limestone and Karst Limestone and Karst AquifersAquifers Limestone dissolves because rain Limestone dissolves because rain
water is slightly acidic. Cracks and water is slightly acidic. Cracks and faults form in the limestone, and they faults form in the limestone, and they can grow to be big caves over time. can grow to be big caves over time. (see flyer passed around)(see flyer passed around)
Rio Grande Rift Rio Grande Rift
Albuquerque’s AquiferAlbuquerque’s Aquifer
Aquifers Aquifers in New in New MexicoMexico
Recharge (Inputs)Recharge (Inputs)
Water entering the aquiferWater entering the aquifer Comes from precipitation that Comes from precipitation that
percolates through the groundpercolates through the ground River water can also percolate River water can also percolate
through the ground to recharge through the ground to recharge the aquiferthe aquifer
Ground water recharge is reduced Ground water recharge is reduced when ground surfaces are paved or when ground surfaces are paved or compacted. (Impermeable)compacted. (Impermeable)
DischargeDischarge
Ground water leaves the aquifer Ground water leaves the aquifer through springs and seeps, rivers, through springs and seeps, rivers, lakes and wellslakes and wells
Ground water mining is when Ground water mining is when water is pumped out faster than it water is pumped out faster than it rechargesrecharges
Threats to Threats to groundwater qualitygroundwater quality Faulty or too many septic tanksFaulty or too many septic tanks Agriculture: Too much nutrients like Agriculture: Too much nutrients like
fertilizers or animal waste.fertilizers or animal waste. Agriculture: Chemical pesticidesAgriculture: Chemical pesticides Gas Stations: Leaks in underground fuel Gas Stations: Leaks in underground fuel
tankstanks Dry Cleaners: Spills and leaks of Dry Cleaners: Spills and leaks of
Chemical solventsChemical solvents Other Chemical Leaks or spills.Other Chemical Leaks or spills.
Chemical Plume can travel undergroundChemical Plume can travel underground