APUSH 2017 SUMMER ASSIGNMENT

Welcome to AP US History (APUSH)! I hope you have a relaxing and fun-filled summer! However,

at some point during the summer, my expectation for students enrolled in this course is to

complete the summer work diligently and thoroughly. The summer assignment is designed to

prepare you for the first two weeks of class in August, and, specifically, to give you a foundational

knowledge of Pre and Post-Columbian North America, as well as introduce you to early American

historical themes.

The AP US History course is similar to a Freshman/Sophomore level college survey course. Thus,

the reading, writing, and analytical demands placed on the students in this course are substantial.

We will move through content fairly quickly during the school year, therefore it is crucial that you

are well prepared when the class begins in August. (Do NOT wait until the week before school starts

to begin this assignment!!) All of your summer work will be due, collected, and assessed on our

first class meeting.

We will be having a quiz on the material within the first week of school. If you have any questions,

comments, or concerns please email me at markabling@yahoo.com. (I do not check my work

email over the summer, you can use this email to get a hold of me if you need anything.)

Sincerely,

-Mr. Abling

-If you misplaced this assignment, it can be found on my classroom website.

-You will need to check out a textbook from the library BEFORE the end of school. This will

be your textbook next year.

AMERICAN PAGEANT CHAPTER 1:

PART ONE: FOUNDING THE NEW NATION (p. 2-3) and NEW WORLD BEGINNINGS (p. 4-24)

The over-arching theme of chapter 1 is the Old World meeting and clashing with the New World.

1. In the New World, before Columbus, there were many different Native American tribes. These people were very diverse. In what’s today the U.S., there were an estimated 400 tribes, often speaking different languages. It’s inaccurate to think of “Indians” as a homogeneous group. 2. Columbus came to America looking for a trade route to the East Indies (Spice Islands). Other explorers quickly realized this was an entirely New World and came to lay claim to the new lands for their host countries. Spain and Portugal had the head start on France and then England. 3. The coming together of the two world had world changing effects. The biological exchange cannot be underestimated. Food was swapped back and forth and truly revolutionized what people ate. On the bad side, European diseases wiped out an estimated 90% of Native Americans.

Directions: In answering the questions, be sure to answer the question using evidence to

support your response in complete sentences. Do not write in generalities unsupported by

evidence. You will also need to define each key term in context within the chapter.

Founding the New Nation (pg. 2-3)

1. Describe the ways in which life in the New World made the “colonists different from their

European cousins”.

2. Describe the ways in which the settlement experience divided the colonists.

3. Why did the colonists, according to the authors of the Pageant, have little reason to complain

about Britain until the 1760s and how did this change?

Chapter 1 New World Beginnings

Key terms and Concepts (define each term or concept in reference to the chapter)

Columbus- When Worlds Collide- Treaty of Tordesillas- Conquistadores- Magellan- Francisco Pizarro- Encomienda-

Bartolomé de Las Casas- Cortes- Moctezuma- Spread of Spanish America- Pueblo Revolt- “Black Legend”- Peopling the Americas AND The Earliest Americans

4. In what ways were the Incas in Peru, Mayans in Central America, and Aztecs in Mexico

sophisticated civilizations and explain how corn contributed to this?

5. Explain the significance of this statement: “No dense concentrations of population or complex

nation-states comparable to the Aztec empire existed in North America outside of Mexico at the

time of Europeans’ arrival.”

6. Characterize the native peoples of North America up to European “discovery.”

Indirect Discoverers of the New World

7. According to the authors, how were Christian crusaders indirect discovers of America?

Europeans Enter Africa

8. Describe the Portuguese slave trade.

Columbus Comes upon a New World

9. Describe the interdependent global economic system created by Columbus’s discovery of the

New World.

When Worlds Collide

10.

What did Europeans introduce to the New

World?

What did the New World introduce to the Old

World?

The Spanish Conquistadores (p. 16-19)

11. What led to the Treaty of Tordesillas?

12. How did the encomienda system work?

The Conquest of Mexico

13. Describe what Cortes and the Spanish brought to the peoples of Mexico.

The Spread of Spanish America

14. What led to Pope’s Rebellion and what was the outcome?

15. Explain the “Black Legend” and if it was accurate description of the Spanish in the New World.

Big Picture Questions for the Chapter

16. What important changes took place in Europe in the years before European exploration of the “New” World?

17. What were the main effects of Spain’s explorations in the “New” World?

AMERICAN PAGEANT CHAPTER 2:

THE PLANTING OF ENGLISH AMERICA: 1500—1733 (p. 25-42)

The over-arching theme of chapter 2 is that the English colonies quickly gained a foothold and grew along the Atlantic coast of America.

1. Jamestown, VA was founded with the initial goal of making money via gold. They found no gold, but did find a cash crop in tobacco. 2. Other southern colonies sprouted up due to (a) the desire for more tobacco land as with North Carolina, (b) the desire for religious freedom as with Maryland, (c) the natural extension of a natural port in South Carolina, or (d) as a “second chance” colony as with Georgia.

Key terms and Concepts (define each term or concept in reference to the chapter)

Roanoke-

Spanish Armada- Enclosure- Primogeniture- Joint stock companies- Jamestown- John Smith- Pocahontas- Starving Time- Powhatan’s Confederacy- The Indians’ New World- Tobacco- Lord Baltimore- Act of Toleration- West Indies- Sugar- Restoration- The Carolinas- Georgia-

Directions: In answering the questions, be sure to answer the question using evidence to

support your response in complete sentences. Do not write in generalities unsupported by

evidence. You will also need to define each key term in context within the chapter.

England's Imperial Stirrings

1. Why was England slow to establish New World colonies?

Elizabeth Energizes England

2. Describe the factors that brought England closer to colonizing the New World during the period

1575-1600.

England on the Eve of Empire

3. Explain how conditions in England around 1600 made it "ripe" to colonize N. America.

England Plants the Jamestown Seedling

4. Explain why Jamestown initially seemed so attractive to potential settlers, and list three reasons

why so many of the Jamestown settlers died.

Cultural Clash in the Chesapeake

5. Describe the factors that led to the poor relations between Europeans and Native Americans in

Virginia.

Virginia: Child of Tobacco

6. "By 1620 Virginia had already developed many of the features that were important to it two

hundred years later." Explain the meaning of this statement with relation to the plantation system,

slavery, and the House of Burgesses.

Maryland: Catholic Haven

7. In what ways was Maryland different than Virginia, and what was the Maryland Act of

Toleration? Explain.

The West Indies: Way Station to Mainland America

8. What historical consequences resulted from the cultivation of sugar instead of tobacco in the

British West Indies’ colonies?

Colonizing the Carolinas

9. What factors led to Carolina becoming a place for aristocratic whites and many black slaves?

The Emergence of North Carolina

10. North Carolina was called "a vale of humility between two mountains of conceit." Explain this

statement.

Late-Coming Georgia: The Buffer Colony

11. In what ways was Georgia unique among the Southern colonies?

The Plantation Colonies

12. Which Southern colony was the most different from the others? Explain how it was different.

Makers of America: The Iroquois

13. What was the Iroquois Confederacy, how did it function, and how was its supremacy

threatened in the 17th and 18th centuries?

Big Picture Questions for the Chapter

14. What important changes took place in England in the years before its exploration of the “New” World?

15. In what ways did the colonization of Jamestown affect the Native Americans who lived there?

16. In what ways were the “plantation colonies” (Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia) similar to and different from each other?

AMERICAN PAGEANT CHAPTER 3:

SETTLING THE NORTHERN COLONIES: 1619—1700 (p.43-65)

The over-arching theme of chapter 3 is that the northern colonies were started out of religious fervor and they largely grew out of religious fervor.

1. Plymouth, MA was founded with the initial goal of allowing Pilgrims, and later Puritans, to worship independent of the Church of England. Their society, ironically, was very intolerant itself and any dissenters were pushed out of the colony. 2. Other New England colonies sprouted up, due to (a) religious dissent from Plymouth and Massachusetts as with Rhode Island, (b) the constant search for more farmland as in Connecticut, and (c) just due to natural growth as in Maine. 3. The Middle Colonies emerged as the literal crossroads of the north and south. They held the stereotypical qualities of both regions: agricultural and industrial. And they were unique in that (a) New York was born of Dutch heritage rather than English, and (b) Pennsylvania thrived more than any other colony due to its freedoms and tolerance.

Key terms and Concepts (define each term or concept in reference to the chapter)

Martin Luther-

Reformation- John Calvin- Puritans- Pilgrims- Mayflower Compact- William Bradford- John Winthrop- “City Upon a Hill”- Congregational Church- “Protestant ethic”- Anne Hutchinson- Roger Williams- Rhode Island- Fundamental Orders- Pequot War- Praying towns- King Philip’s War- Benign neglect- Navigation Laws- New Netherland & Peter Stuyvesant- Quakers & William Penn- Directions: Same as the previous chapter.

The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism

1. How did John Calvin's teachings result in some Englishmen wanting to leave England? Explain.

The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth

2. Describe the factors that contributed to the success of the Plymouth colony.

The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth

3. List the factors led the Puritans to come to America?

Building the Bay Colony

4. How democratic was the Massachusetts Bay Colony? Be sure to support your response with

evidence.

Trouble in the Bible Commonwealth

5. Using the examples of Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams, what happened to people whose

religious beliefs differed from others in Massachusetts Bay Colony?

The Rhode Island "Sewer"

6. Describe the differences between Rhode Island and Massachusetts.

New England Spreads Out

7. Describe the Fundamental Orders.

Puritans versus Indians

8. Why did hostilities arise between Puritans and Native Americans? What was the result?

Makers of America: The English

9. Describe some ways the British North American colonies reflected their mother country?

Seeds of Colonial Unity and Independence

10. How did the New England Confederation formed in 1643 come together and what was its

historical significance?

Andros Promotes the First American Revolution

11. What was the origin of the Dominion of New England, what was it designed to do, and how did

it end?

Penn's Holy Experiment in Pennsylvania AND Quaker Pennsylvania and Its Neighbors

12. What had William Penn and other Quakers experienced that would make them want a colony

in America?

13. What were the characteristics of Pennsylvania and why was it so attractive to many?

The Middle Way in the Middle Colonies

14. What do the Pageant authors mean when the say that the middle colonies were the most

American?

Varying Viewpoints: Europeanizing America or Americanizing Europe?

15. “The picture of colonial America that is emerging from all this new scholarship is of a society

unique—and diverse—from its inception.” Explain this statement.

Big Picture Questions for the Chapter

16. What were the religious beliefs of the Puritans?

17. Describe the impact religion had on life in colonial New England.

18. Was the relationship between Puritans and Native Americans a good or bad one? Why?

19. In what ways were the Quakers different from the Puritans?

AMERICAN PAGEANT CHAPTER 4:

American Life in the Seventeenth Century: 1607—1692 (p.66-83)

The over-arching theme of chapter 4 is that the American colonies quickly became unique as compared to any other land. And, that each region quickly assumed its own personality.

1. The Southern colonies were dominated by agriculture, namely (a) tobacco in the Chesapeake and (b) rice and indigo further down the coast. 2. Bacon’s Rebellion is very representative of the struggles of poor white indentured servants. Nathaniel Bacon and his followers took to arms to essentially get more land out west from the Indians. This theme of poor whites taking to arms for land, and in opposition to eastern authorities, will be repeated several times (Shay’s Rebellion, Paxton Boys, Whisky Rebellion).

3. Taken altogether, the southern colonies were inhabited by a group of people who were generally young, independent-minded, industrious, backwoodsy, down home, restless and industrious. 4. A truly unique African-American culture quickly emerged. Brought as slaves, black Americans blended aspects of African culture with American. Religion shows this blend clearly, as African religious ceremonies mixed with Christianity. Food and music also showed African-American uniqueness. 5. New Englanders developed a Bible Commonwealth—a stern but clear society where the rules of society were dictated by the laws of the Bible. This good-vs-evil society is best illustrated by the Salem witch trials. 6. Taken altogether, the northern colonies were inhabited by a group of people who grew to be self-reliant, stern, pious, proud, family oriented, sharp in thought and sharp of tongue, crusty, and very industrious.

Key terms and Concepts (define each term or concept in reference to the chapter)

The Unhealthy Chesapeake- Indentured servants- Headright system- Bacon’s Rebellion- Colonial slavery/Africans in America- Stono Rebellion- Social classes in the southern colonies- House of Burgesses- The New England family- The New England town- Harvard college- Half-way covenant- Salem Witch Trials- Directions: In answering the questions, be sure to answer the question using evidence to

support your response in complete sentences. Do not write in generalities unsupported by

evidence. You will also need to define each key term in context within the chapter.

The Unhealthy Chesapeake

1. Describe the hardships that settlers in the Chesapeake faced? Knowing these hardships, if you

were in their shoes, would you make the journey to the Chesapeake colony?

The Tobacco Economy

2. How did the people of the Chesapeake Bay area solve the labor shortage problem? Describe the

lives these people lived.

Frustrated Freemen and Bacon’s Rebellion

3. Summarize the build up, rebellion, and after math of Bacon’s Rebellion.

Colonial Slavery

4. Describe the “middle passage” and explain why the number of slaves increased in America after

1700.

Africans in America

5. Why was life harsher for a slave in the Deep South than in the middle colonies?

Southern Society

6. Describe the social hierarchy of Southern Society.

Makers of America: From African to African American

7. What type of role did religion play in the lives of enslaved Africans? How did this differ from

conventional Christianity?

The New England Family

8. How was life in the New England Colonies different than that of the Southern Colonies? (Provide

multiple examples.)

Life in the New England Towns

9. What was the difference between the Chesapeake region settlements and the New England

settlements?

The Half-Way Covenant and the Salem Witch Trials

10. In your own words, what was the Half-Way Covenant?

11. Describe the events that occurred in Salem during 1692.

The New England Way of Life

12. Describe the different viewpoints of New Englanders and Natives in reference to land.

13. Why was early society in the colonies mostly classless?

Big Picture Questions for the Chapter

14. Explain why Bacon’s Rebellion was an important turning point in Virginian & American history.

15. Describe the important differences between life in New England and life in the Chesapeake.

Summation Essay: Write an essay about the be below prompt

Although many Northerners and Southerners came later to think of themselves as having separate civilizations, the Northern and Southern colonies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were in fact more similar than different. Assess the validity of this statement.