AP US History Unit 4 Test 2016

Questions 1- 5Relate to Below"If it be conceded, as it must be by everyone who is the least conversant with our institutions, that the sovereign powers delegated are divided between the General and State Governments, and that the latter hold their portion by the same tenure as the former, it would seem impossible to deny to the States the right of deciding on the infractions of their powers, and the proper remedy to be applied for their correction. The right of judging, in such cases, is an essential attribute of sovereignty, of which the States cannot be divested without losing their sovereignty itself, and being reduced to a subordinate corporate condition. In fact, to divide power, and to give to one of the parties the exclusive right of judging of the portion allotted to each, is, in reality, not to divide it at all; and to reserve such exclusive right to the General Government (it matters not by what department) to be exercised, is to convert it, in fact, into a great consolidated government, with unlimited powers, and to divest the States, in reality, of all their rights, It is impossible to understand the force of terms, and to deny so plain a conclusion…"

Anonymous, The South Carolina Exposition and Protest 1828

1. The above excerpt alludes to what antebellum political argument?a. Popular sovereignty b. State's Rights c. Ex post facto laws d. Bills of attainder

2. The idea of nullification found its precedent in what political situation before 1828?a. The Missouri Compromise created by Henry Clayb. Federalist passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts of the 1790sc. The Appointment of the so-called Midnight Judges by John Adams.d. The Federal government's suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion

3. If one were looking for a similar point of synthesis in modern America related to the above excerpt one could point to all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Federal funding for National Parks such as Yosemite and Yellowstone b. Calls for strengthening immigration lawsc. Differences of opinion about legalization of marijuanad. Issuing marriage licenses to gay and lesbian couples

4. Though the above excerpt is anonymous, we know which of the following was its author?a. Andrew Jackson b. Nicholas Biddle c. Henry Clay d. John C. Calhoun

5. What divisive political issue formed the context of the above argument found in the excerpt?a. The Tariff Issue b. The Money Question c. Slavery d. Internal Improvements

Questions 6- 8 Relate to the Illustration Below

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6. What important reform movement is illustrated above?a. Prison Reform b. Women's Suffragec. Temperance d. Abolition

7. What additional social ill is being addressed above?a. The Cult of Domesticity b. Domestic spousal abusec. The spread of slavery d. Prison Reforms

8. The Temperance Movement will see its greatest victory later in history related to which constitutional amendment creating Prohibition in the 1920s?

a. 16th amendment b. 17th Amendment c. 18th Amendment d. 19th Amendment

Questions 9- 11 Relate to the Map Below

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9. The historical context illustrated in the above map wasa. The passage of the Alien and Naturalization Act b. The passage of the Indian Removal Actc. The outbreak of the War of 1812 d. Road building under Clay's American System

10. Anyone wanting argue that the above act was unconstitutional would point toa. The Supreme Court's ruling in the case Cherokee Nations v Georgiab. The Supreme Court's ruling in the case Worcester v. Georgiac. The Supreme Court's ruling Commonwealth v. Huntd. President Jackson's refusal to enforce the Indian Removal Act

11. Which of the following so-called Civilized Tribes were not forced to reservations in Oklahoma Territorya. Iroquois b. Chickasaw c. Choctaw d. Seminoles

Questions 12- 14 Relate to the Image Below

12. Which important reform movement relates to the historical context above?a. The Seneca Falls Declaration b. The ruling the case Commonwealth v. Huntc. The death of Elijah P. Lovejoy d. Dorothea Dix and Prison Reform

13. Which of the following historical synthesis points would NOT match the above images?a. The Cult of Domesticity b. Republican Motherhoodc. The Committees of Correspondence d. The Daughters of Liberty

14. Which of the following amendments would form a synthesis point for the above historical context?

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a. The Thirteenth b. The Fourteenth c. The Nineteenth d. The TenthQuestions 15-17 Relate to the Image Below

Vote in the U.S. House of Representatives on the Bill to Fund Internal Improvements, 1828Region For Against

New England 12 26Mid-Atlantic 37 26

The West 43 0The South 23 34Total Votes 115 86

15. Based upon the voting pattern shown in the above chart, initial support for the American System was strongest a. In agricultural regions b. In former strongholds of the Federalistsc. In regions featuring large slave populations d. In under developed regions

16. Which part of the American System would most appealed to Northeastern business interests?a. The support for the Bank of the United States b. Internal Improvementsc. Higher excise taxes on whiskey d. A unified soft money stance

17. Based upon the information above which region seemed the most supportive of the 1828 tariff?a. The West b. The South c. The Mid Atlantic d. New England

Questions 18 -19 are based upon the image below

18. The painting above would have been most synonymous with of the following ideas?a. The Indian Removal Act of 1830b. The Missouri Compromise of 1820c. Manifest Destiny of the post-war of 1812 periodd. Federal versus state power

19. What implication can be drawn from this painting American Progress?

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a. States’ rights was a dangerous concept likely to cause warb. The Americans were destined to defeat Britain’s native allies in 1812c. Westward expansion a patriotic endeavord. Westward expansion would one day yield greater equality for women.

Questions 20 - 21 Relate to the political map below

20. When Andrew Jackson won the 1828 election he benefited from all of the following EXCEPT:a. The demise of the Federalist Partyb. The removal of property qualifications for voting.c. The creation of national political campaigning.d. The organizational skills of Northern Democrats like Martin Van Buren.

21. The Election of 1828 revealed thata. Political power was shifting to the western and southern statesb. Political power was entrenched in the hands of a select few. c. Political power still rested with Northeastern elitesd. Abolitionism was a growing force.

Questions 22-23 Relate to the excerpt below“[I promise]…to demonstrate in the course of…my Appeal…that we Coloured People of these United States, are, the most wretched, degraded and abject set of beings that ever lived since the world began, down to the present day, and that the white Christians of America, who hold us in slavery, (or, more properly speaking, pretenders to Christianity,) treat us more cruel and barbarous than any Heathen nation did any people whom it had subjected, or reduced to the same condition.…I advance it therefore to you…as an unshaken and forever immoveable fact, that your full glory and happiness, as well as all other coloured people under Heaven, shall never be fully consummated, but with the entire emancipation of your enslaved brethren all over the world.”

David Walker, Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World, 1829

22. The arguments in the excerpt above are best understood in the context ofa. the emergence of African American abolitionist movements.b. sectional tensions over the institution of slavery.c. continued restrictions on African American citizenship in Northern states.d. the growth of the internal slave trade in the United States.

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23. During the antebellum era, which of the following groups shared the most similar experience to that described in the excerpt above?

a. European migrants b. White women c. American Indians d. Abolitionists

Questions 24- 25 Relate to the Image Below

24. The Whig Victory was most guaranteed in 1840 by the fact that a. The Whig strategy to make the incumbent seem like a hillbilly paid off.b. The Democrats painted the Whig as a northeastern elitistc. The Panic of 1837 soured the electorate on the incumbentd. The election was thrown into the House of Representatives where the Whigs had a majority

25. Who was the winner of the so-called Log Cider and Cabin Campaign in 1840?

a. Andrew Jackson b. John Tyler c. William H. Harrison d. Martin Van Buren

SHORT ANSWER SECTION

26. Part A. Choose ONE of the actions listed below, and explain how this best demonstrates the argument that the Age of Jackson saw a shift in political power from the ruling elite to the common man.

Popular election of the President Rotation in office (spoils system) Universal male suffrage

Part B Contrast your choice against ONE of the other options

Part C Briefly explain ONE critical response to the political changes of this period

27. Using the cartoon, answer a, b, and c sectionsA. Explain the point of view reflecting ONE of the following

American Indian policy

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Economic Policy State’s rights

B. Explain how one element of the cartoon expresses the point of view that you identified in Part A.

C. Explain how the point of view that you identified in Part A helped to shape ONE specific U.S. government action between 1824 and 1844

28. Part A. Briefly explain ONE of the parts of Henry Clay’s proposed American System, a comprehensive plan to bring about economic improvement. Provide at least ONE piece of evidence to support your explanation

Protective Tariffs The Bank of the United States Internal improvements

Part B Explain how ONE of the parts of the American System would bring economic improvement. Provide at least ONE piece of evidence.

Part C Identify and explain a role played by ONE individual or group that was critical of the American System.

29. This question is based on the following two passages.

“The most powerful source of the workingman’s revival was the simple, coercive fact that wage earners worked for men who insisted on seeing them in church.…While it varied between occupations, the relation between occupational advancement and membership in a church was strong throughout the population.…By dispensing and withholding patronage, Christian entrepreneurs regulated the membership of their own class, and to a large extent of the community as a whole. Conversion and abstinence from strong drink became crucial economic credentials. For membership in a church and participation in its crusades put a man into the community in which economic decisions were made, and at a time when religious criteria dominated those choices.” Paul Johnson, A Shopkeeper’s Millennium: Society and Revivals…,1979From “Pentecost” and “Christian Soldiers” in A Shopkeeper’s Millennium: Society and Revivals in the Rochester, New York, 1815–1837 by Paul E. Johnson (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1979).

“[The] expansion of evangelical Christianity did not proceed primarily from the nimble response of religious elites meeting the challenge before them. Rather, Christianity was effectively reshaped by common people who molded it in their own image and who threw themselves into expanding its influence. Increasingly assertive common people wanted their leaders unpretentious, their doctrines self-evident and down-to-earth, their music lively and singable, and their churches in local hands. It was this upsurge of democratic hope that characterized so many religious cultures in the early republic.”

Nathan Hatch, The Democratization of American Christianity, 1989(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989).

30. Based on the two interpretations above regarding the nature of religious revivalism in the 1820s and 1830s, complete the following three tasks:a. Briefly explain the main point made in Passage 1.b. Briefly explain the main point made in Passage 2.c. Provide ONE piece of evidence between 1820 and 1840 that is not included in the passages, and explain how it supports or refutes the interpretation of either passage.

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