Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø]pkvXIw 13, e°w 4, G{]n¬ 2011

Xs‚ PohnXw apgp-h-\mbpw ]m¿´n-°p-th≠n Dgn-™p-h® Hcp bYm¿Y Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp∂p k. kn ̀ mkvI-c≥. kuay-amb kao-]-\hpw lrZ-b-h¿P-I-amb s]cp-am-‰-hpw-sIm≠vC¥y-bn-se-ºm-Sp-ap≈ hnπ-h-Im-cn-I-fp-sSbpw kmam-\y-P-\-ß-fp-sSbpw {]iw-k-t\-Sp-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\p Ign-™p.

hnZym¿Yn{]ÿm-\-Ønse {]h¿Ø-\-Im-eØv Fkv F^v sFbpsS cq]o-I-c-W-Øn\vt\XrXzw \¬In. Fkv F^v sFbpsS BZysØ AJn-te¥ym {]kn-U‚mbn At±-lw. Xs‚AXp-ey-amb kwL-S-\m-]mS-h-hpw, Bi-b-ÿn-c-X-bpw, Bflm¿YX-bpw, A¿∏-W-a-t\m-`m-h-hpw-sIm≠v Fkv F^v sFsb C¥y-bnse G‰hpw Icp-Øp‰ hnZym¿Yn {]ÿm-\-ambn hf¿Øp∂-Xn¬ t\Xr-Xz-]-c-amb ]¶v hln®p. hnZym¿Yn-cw-K-Øv, {Xn]pc apJy-a{¥n aWnIv k¿°m-¿,]›n-a-_w-Kmƒ CS-Xp-]-£-ap-∂Wn sNb¿am≥ _na≥_-kp- XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS ka-Im-en-I-\m-bn-cp∂p k. `mkvI-c≥.

hnZym¿Yn-cw-K-Øp-\n∂pw ]m¿e-sa‚-dn-{]-h¿Ø-\-cw-KØp-\n∂pw amdn-\n-∂p-sIm≠v ̀ mkvI-c≥ ]m¿´n-bpsS {]Xy-b-imkv{X {]NmcW-cw-KØp {]th-in-®p. Nn¥-hm-cn-I-bpsS Bcw`wapX¬°v AXns‚ kPo-h-{]-h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. ]n∂oSv AXns‚ ]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXnAwK-am-bn. Nn¥sb C¥y-bn-se, {]tXy-In®pw tIc-f-Ønse H∂m-asØ cmjv{So-b-˛-Xm-XznIhmcn-I-bm°n Db¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ k. `mkvI-c≥ \nkvXp-e-amb ]¶p-h-ln-®p.

Bib {]Nm-c-W-Øns‚ IqSp-X¬ hnim-e-amb taJ-e-bn-te°p {]th-in® kn `mkvI-c≥ Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn. am¿IvknÃp IrXn-I-fpsS hnh¿Ø-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw]m¿´n-bpsS Ncn-{X-Øn-s‚bpw Ncn{Xw krjvSn® t\Xm-°-fp-sSbpw Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb IY-Iƒ A\m-h-cWw sNbvX-Xn-eqsSbpw At±lw kzbw Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-\m-bn-Øo¿∂p. AtXm-sSm∏w ]m¿´n-N-cn-{Xhpw {]Xy-b-im-kv{Xhpw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ ]m¿´n-kvIq-fnepw At±lw kPo-h-]-¶m-fn-bm-bn-cp∂p.

Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ FUn-‰¿ F∂-Xn-\p-]p-dsa C Fw Fkns‚ \qdp k©n-I-I-fp≈ kºq¿W-IrXn-I-fpsS {]km-[-\-Øn¬ kn `mkvI-cs‚ kw`m-h-\bpw AZzn-Xo-b-amWv.

\nc-h[n hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v k. ̀ mkvI-c≥ teJ-\-ßfpw eLp-te-J-Ifpw ]pkvX-I-ßfpw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. ka-Im-enI cmjv{Sob kw`-h-߃, hnZym-`ym-kw, hnπ-h-ß-fpsS Ncn-{Xw, C¥y≥ Iayq-Wn-Ãp-{]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw F∂n-h-bmWv At±-l-Øns‚CjvS-hn-j-b-߃. tIc-f-Ønse Iayq-Wn-Ãp-{]-ÿm\w BZy-]-Yn-I¿, aptº-\-S-∂-h¿,C¥y≥ Iayq-Wn-Ãp-{]-ÿm\w BZy-]-Yn-I¿, C¥y≥ t{SUvbqWn-b≥ {]ÿm-\-Øns‚Ncn{Xw 1920-˛2006, C¥y≥ hnπ-h-{]-ÿm\w hnhn[ ssIh-gn-Iƒ F∂nh At±-l-Øns‚ anI® IrXn-I-fn¬s∏-Sp-∂p. k. ̀ mkvI-cs‚ anI® cN-\-Iƒ d^-d≥kv {KŸ-ß-fmbn kq£n-°-m-hp-∂-h-bm-Wv. a\p-jy-cpsS t]mcm-´-ß-fpsS Ncn-{X-Øn-te-°pw,AXn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-bn-s°m≠v Ncn-{X-Øns‚ `mK-am-bn-Øo¿∂ t\Xm-°ƒ, km[m-cW a\p-jy¿ F∂n-h-cn-te°pw, Pm{K-X-tbmsS k©-cn-®p-sIm-≠v, k. kn `mkvI-c≥ Ncn-{XsØ \nc-¥cw AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øn-sebpw C¥y-bn-sebpw Iayq-Wn-Ãp-]m¿´n-I-fpsS t]mcm-́ -ß-fpsS \mƒh-gn-I-fn-te-°v, C{X kq£va-X-tbmsS k©-cn-®-h¿ hf-sc-°p-d-hm-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ ]pkvX-I-߃ "Hm¿a-I-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww' F∂v h¿Ø-am-\-Ime kaq-l-tØmSpw cmjv{Sob {]h¿Ø-I-tcmSpw]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂p.

anI® kwLm-S-I≥, A[ym-]-I≥, Ncn-{X-Im-c≥, {]km-[-I≥ F∂o \ne-I-fn¬k. `mkvI-cs‚ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ Aaq-ey-ß-fm-Wv. R߃°v Rß-fpsS Sow eoUsds]mSp-∂s\ \jvS-s∏-´-Xm-bmWv A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns\ tIc-f-Ønse ]pkvXI {]km-[-I-cpsS ap≥\nc-bn¬ sIms≠-Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬ k. ̀ mkvI-c≥\¬Inb kw`m-h\ hfsc hep-Xm-Wv. AXp apt∂m-´p-sIm≠p t]mIp-∂-Xn-\p≈ al-Ømb bXv\-Øn¬ R߃ kzbw ka¿∏n-°p-∂p-sht∂ kJm-hns‚ -hn-tbm-K-Øn¬hyYn-X-cm-b-h-tcmSv R߃°p ]d-bm-\p-≈q.

{]nb kJm-hn\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

4

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

tIc-f-Ønse Iayq-WnÃv {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚bpw hnZym¿Yn bph-

P\ {]ÿm-\-Øn-s‚bpw t\Xm-°-fp-sSbpw Ncn-{X-h-gn-Isf AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp∂Xn¬ kJmhv kn `mkv-

I-c≥ hln® ]¶v sNdp-X-√. I¿a-\n-c-X-\mb Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw ]{Xm-[n-]-\p-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. Zo¿L-

Imew Nn¥-hm-cn-I-bn¬ Xs‚ cmjv-{So-b-Po-hnXw sNe-h-gn® kJmhv]n∂oSv acn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Nn¥ ]ªn-

tj-gvkns‚ ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp-∂p.Bip-]-{Xn-°nS°bn-em-bn-cp-∂-

1945 Unkw-_¿ 15 \v IÆq¿ Pn√-bnse thßmSv Ing-t°-sØ-cphv tNº≥ho´n¬, s\bvØp-sXm-gn-em-fn-bmb i¶-c-s‚bpw Atem-°¬ Ip™n-bp-sSbpw aqØ-a-I-\mbn P\-\w. thßmSv F¬ ]n kvIqƒ, h´n{]w bp ]nkvIqƒ, ]mXn-cn-bmSv sslkvIqƒ, IÆq¿ Fkv F≥ tImtf-Pv, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw-˛-Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]pcw temtImtf-Pp-Iƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ hnZym-`ym-kw.

_mey-Imew apX¬t° Iayq-Wn-Ãp-{]-ÿm-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p.1966¬ ]m¿´n AwK-am-bn. sI Fkv F^ns‚ kwÿm\ sk{I-´-dnbmbn{]h¿Øn-®p. 1970 Unkw-_-dn¬ Fkv F v̂ sF cq]o-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ BZysØAJn-te¥ym {]kn-U‚m-bn. 1974 hsc {]kn-U‚ v ÿm\Øp XpS¿∂p.C¥y-bn-e-tßm-f-an-tßmfw \nc-h[n hnZym¿Yn-k-a-c-߃°v t\XrXzw\¬In. s]meokv a¿Z-\-Øn\v Cc-bm-bn-´p-≠v. Fkv F^v sF apJ-am-kn-I-bmb ÃpU‚ns‚ BZy FUn-‰-dm-bn-cp-∂p.

15 h¿j-°mew Nn¥hmcn-I-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXnbwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.]n∂oSv ac-Ww-hsc Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp-∂p. tIcfbqWn-th-gvkn‰n kn≥Un-t°‰v AwK-ambpw {]h¿Øn-®p,

anI® kwLm-S-I-\pw, {]`m-j-I-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]cn-`m-j-Iƒ Dƒs∏sS \nc-h[n IrXn-Iƒ cNn-®p. IqSmsXc≠p Uk-\n-tesd eLp-te-J-I-fp-sSbpw I¿Øm-hm-Wv. 2003-˛se A_p-Zm_n i‡n Ahm¿Uv e`n-®n-´p≠v.Zo¿L-Imew NnIn-’-bn-em-bn-cp∂ kJmhv 2011 G{]n¬ 9 \v sNss∂-bnse kzImcy Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ h®vA¥-cn-®p. tZim-̀ n-am\n \yqkv FUn-‰-dmbn hnc-an® Xpf-kn`m-kvI-c-\mWv ̀ mcy. a°ƒ Znt\-jv, at\jv. acp-a-°ƒ teJ, s]m∂n.

C¥y-bnse G‰hpw henbhnZym¿Yn -{]-ÿm-\amb Fkv

F^v sF bpsS ÿm]-I-{]-kn-

U‚m-bn-cp∂p kn `mkvI-c≥. sI

t∏mgpw F√m Znh-khpw Nn¥]ªn-tj-gvkp-ambn _‘-s∏´

Imcy-߃ t^mWn-eqsS hnfn®vhnh-c-߃ Adn-bp-I-bpw, \n¿tZ-i-߃ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

Nn¥ ]pkvXI-hm¿ØbpsS Hm-tcm e°-ßfpw At±-l-Øns‚ D]-tZi \n¿tZ-i-߃ kzoI-cn-®mWv

Cd-ßn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.Btcm-Ky-ÿnXn IW-°n-se-Sp-

°msX hn{iaan-√mØ FgpØpw

hmb-\bpw ioe-am-°nb kJm-hns‚ Hmtcm ]pkvX-I-hpw Iayq-

Wn-Ãp-{]-ÿm-\sØ°pdn®pw, ]ptcm-K-a\ hnZym¿Yn bph-P-\-{]-ÿm-\-sØ°p-dn-®p≈ anI® d^-d≥kv

{KŸ-ß-fm-Wv.Pohn-Xw ]m¿´n-°p-th≠n A¿-

∏n® kJm-hns‚ hntbmKw Nn¥

]ªn-tj-gvkn-\pw, Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI _u≤n-I -ta-J-ebv°pw A£-cm¿Y-Øn¬

henb \jvS-am-Wv. F¶nepw apt∂m-´p≈ ]mX-bn¬ kJm-hns‚ {]h¿-Ø-\-߃ am¿K-Zo-]-ambn Pzen®p

\n¬°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw.

I¿a-\n-c-X-\mb ]{Xm-[n-]¿, Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥

Fkv F^n-eqsS hnZym¿Yn-{]-

ÿm-\-Øns‚ t]m¿ap-J-ß-fn¬

Xnf-ßn \n¬°p-Ibpw t\Xr-Xzw

hln-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. C∂v

C¥y-bnse Iayq-Wn-Ãp-{]-ÿm-\-

Øns‚ ap≥-\nc t\Xm-°-fmbn

amdnb kJm-°ƒs°m-∏-am -bn -

cp∂p At±lw {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂Xv.

kn `mkvI-c≥ Pohn-X-tcJ

hnZym¿Yn-{]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ Aa-c-°m-c≥

1945 - 2011

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø5

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

ÃpU‚ vkv s^U-td-j≥ Hm v̂C¥y-bpsS {]Ya {]kn-U‚ v F∂\ne-bn¬ C¥y≥ am¿IvknÃv{]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ {it≤-b-amb Hcp ÿm\-amWv kn ̀ mkvI-c-\p-≈-Xv. ̀ mkvI-cs\ ̀ mhn Xe-apdHm¿°m≥ t]mIp-∂Xv apJy-ambpwAt±-l-Øns‚ ]pkvX-I-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw eLp-te-J-I-fn -eq-sSbpwBbn-cn-°pw. Hcp FUn-‰¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ hf-sc-tbsd auen-IX A-t±lw {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-́ p-≠v. Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ FUn-‰¿ F∂-Xn-\p-]p-dsa C Fw Fkns‚ \qdp k©n-I-I-fp≈ kºq¿W-Ir-Xn-I-fpsS{]km-[-\-Øn¬ `mkvI-cs‚ ]¶vAZzn-Xo-b-am-Wv. Ah-bpsS kqNnIXøm-dm-°n-bXpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-am-h-iy-amb hm°p-Iƒ°v {]tXyIwIpdn-∏p-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-t®¿ØXpw `m-kvI-cs‚ ta¬t\m-´-Øn-em-Wv. CuteJ-I\pw AXn¬ ]¶v hln-®n-´p-s≠∂ Imcyw hnkva-cn-°p-∂n-√.

kJmhv ̀ mkvI-c≥ \nc-h[n hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v eLp-te-J-Ifpw teJ--\-ßfpw ]pkvX-I-ßfpw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. ka-Im-enI cmjv{Sob kw`-h-߃, hnZym-̀ ym-kw, hnπ-h-ß-fpsSNcn-{Xw, C¥y≥ Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw F∂n-h-bmWvAt±-l-Øns‚ hnj-b-߃. Ch-bn¬Øs∂ hf-sc-°m-e-tØ°vIme-l-c-W-s∏-Sm-sXbpw hnkvar-Xn-bn¬ B≠p-t]m-Im-sXbpw XpS-cp-sa∂v Icp-Xm-hp-∂Xv C¥y≥ Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Ncn{Xwkw_-‘n-®-h-bm-Wv. tIc-f-Øn-sebpwC¥y-bn-sebpw temI-Øn-sebpwIayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw

At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-́ p-≠v. Iayq-WnÃv]{X-ß-fpsS Ncn-{X-hp-sa-gp-Xn-bn-́ p-≠v.

C¥y≥ Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm\wBZy-]-Yn-I¿ (2002, ]pdw 496) F∂IrXn, a‰v C¥y≥ `mj-I-fntemCw•o-jntem Cu hnj-b-sØ-∏‰nD≈-Xn-s\-°mƒ G‰hpw sa®-s∏ -́Xm-Wv. t]cv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-sehy‡n-I-fmb t\Xm-°-fpsS IY-bm-Wn-Xv. Hmtcm kwÿm-\-Øn-sebpwBZy-Ime t\Xm-°-fpsS Ncn-{Xhpwkw`m-h-\-Ifpw ̨ hn]p-e-amb hmb-\-bp-sSbpw Kth-j-W-Øn-s‚bpw^e-ambn tiJ-cn-®-Xm-Wn-h. hmkv-X-h-Øn¬ Cu ]pkv-XIw a‰v C¥y≥`mj-I-fn-te°pw Cw•o-jn-te°pwhnh¿Ø-\w-sNbvXv {]kn-≤o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Hcn-°¬ Cu ]pkv-XIw ImWn®v AXns‚ D≈-S°whnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ kn ]n

sF (Fw) P\-d¬ sk{I-´-dn-bm-bn-cp∂ l¿In-j≥knMv kp¿PnXv Xs∂CXv a‰p ̀ mj-I-fn-te°v hnh¿Ø\wsNøm≥ tbmKy-am-sW∂v ]d-™p-sh-¶n-epw, AXv sNøm≥ Ign-™n√.

AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ hfsc hne-s∏´ H∂mWv C¥y≥ t{SUv bqWn-b≥{]ÿm-\-Ønse BZy-]-Yn-I-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ {KŸw. C¥y≥ t{SUv bqWn-b≥ {]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn®v C{Xbpwka-{K-amb hnh-c-ß-f-S-ßp∂ as‰mcp]pkvXIw ae-bm-f-Øn-en-√. Cw•o-jn¬ kpIp-tamƒsk-∂n-s‚bpw a‰pw\√ t{SUv bqWnb≥ Ncn-{X-ß-fp-≠v.

Cßs\ t\m°p-tºmƒ `mkvI-c\v ""Zn t{ImWn-°n-f¿ Hm v̂ C¥y≥sdh-eyq-j≥'' AYhm "C¥y≥ hnπ-h-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-Im-c≥' F∂ hnti-jWw k¿hYm A\p-tbm-Py-am-Wv.

(Nn¥ hmcnI 2011 G{]n¬ 22)

]n tKmhn-µ∏n≈

kn `mkvI-c≥ {]ÿm-\-Øns‚{]K-¤-\mb Ncn-{X-Im-c≥

Hm¿a

6

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

kJmhv kn ̀ mkvI-c\v cmjv{So-b-˛-kmw-kvIm-cnI tIcfw BZ-cm-

RvPen A¿∏n-®p. sNss∂-bn¬

\n∂v hnam\am¿Kw sIm≠ph∂

arX-tZlw At±-l-Øns‚ hk-Xn-

bmb "A£-b'bnepw Nn¥ ]ªn-

tj-gvknepw tZim-̀ n-am-\n-bn-epw, kn

]n sF Fw Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√m

IΩn‰n Hm^o-knepw s]mXp-Z¿i-\-

Øn\v h®p. XpS¿∂v ssX°mSv

im¥n-I-hm-S-Øn¬ kwkvI-cn-®p.

kn ]n sF Fw kwÿm\

sk{I-´dn ]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥,

s]mfn‰v_yqtdm AwKw Fkv cma-

N-{µ≥]n≈, B\-Ø-e-h´w B\-

µ≥, a{¥n Fw hnP-b-Ip-am¿, Fw

hn tKmhn-µ≥ amÿ, IS-Iw-]≈n

kptc-{µ≥, Xncph\-¥-]pcw tab¿

sI N{µn-I, ]n tKmhn-µ-∏n-≈, tUm.

sI F≥ ]Wn-°¿, tPm¨ {_n-

´mkv, Xte-°p-

∂n¬ _jo¿,

se-\n≥ cmtP-

{µ≥, s{]m^. hn

F≥ apc-fn, sI

hc-Z-cm-P≥, hn

inh≥-Ip´n Fw

F¬ F, tUm Sn

F≥ koa Fw

]n, kn ]n \mcm-

b-W≥, ]n sI

N{µm-\≥, tUm.

ss\\m≥-tIm-in,

Fw Fw lk≥,

Fkv F-^v sF

AJ n - t e¥y m

tPm-bn-‚ v sk{I-´dn hn inh-Zm-k≥, Fkv F^v sF kw-ÿm\ sk{I-

´dn ]n _nPp XpSßn \nc-h[n {]ap-J¿ BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-®p. hnhn[

h¿K-_-lp-P\ kwL-S-\-I-fp-sS-bpw, hnZym-`ymk kmwkvIm-cnI kwL-S-

\-I-fp-sSbpw {]Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-®p.

BZ-cm-RvPenIƒ

kn ̀ mkvI-cs‚ arX-tZlw kn]nsF (Fw) Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√m IΩn‰n Hm^o-kn¬s]mXp-Z¿i-\-Øn\v h®-t∏mƒ. kn]nsF (Fw) s]mfn‰v _yqtdm AwKw Fkv cma-N-{µ≥]n-≈,

kwÿm-\-sk-{I-́ dn ]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥ F∂n-h¿ A¥n-tam-]-Nm-c-a¿∏n-°p-∂p.

]nW-dmbn hnP-b-≥, IS-Iw-]≈n kptc-{µ≥F∂n-h¿ A¥ym-̀ n-hm-Z\w sNøp∂p

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø7

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

{]Imiv Imcm´v

kn `mkvIcs‚ \ncym-W-Øn¬ kn ]n sF (Fw)

P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn {]Imiv Imcm´v AKm-[-amb Zp:Jw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn. Fkv F v̂ sF bpsS BZy-{]-kn-U‚m-

bn-cp∂ kn `mkvI-c-s\m∏w kwL-S-\-bpsS tI{µ-`mc-

hm-ln-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-®Xv Imcm´v A\p-kva-

cn-®p.

koXmdmw sb®qcn

]ptcm-K-a-\-]-c-hpw, imkv{Xo-b-hp-amb coXn-bn¬

hnZym¿Yn-{]-ÿm\w kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ kp{]-[m\

]¶v hln® t\Xm-hmWv kn ̀ mkvI-c≥ F∂v s]mfn‰v

_yqtdm AwKw koXmdmw sb®qcn ]d-™p.

]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥

tIc-f -Ønse Iayq -WnÃv {]ÿm-\ -Øns‚

hf¿®bv°v _lp-apJ kw`m-h\ \¬Inb ssk≤m-

A\p-tim-N\w ˛ hy‡n-Iƒ, kwL-S-\-Iƒ

¥n-I\pw, kwLm-S-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂p kn ̀ mkvI-c-s\∂pw

At±-l-Øns‚ th¿]mSv Iayq-Wn-Ãp-{]-ÿm-\-Øn\v

henb \jvS-am-sW∂pw A\p-tim-N\ ktµ-i-Øn¬

k. ]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥ ]d-™p.

aWnIv k¿°m¿

{Xn]pc apJy-a{¥n aWnIv k¿°m¿ AKm[ Zp:Jw

Adn-bn-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ hntbmKhm¿Ø sR´-tem-

sS-bmWv tI´-sX∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ th¿]m-Sn-ep≈

Zp:Jw IpSpw-_mw-K-ßsf Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xmbpw aWnIv

k¿°m¿ A\p-tim-N\ ktµ-i-Øn¬ ]d-™p.

hn Fkv ANyp-Xm-\-µ≥

kn ̀ mkvI-cs‚ \ncym-W-Øn¬ apJy-a{¥n hn Fkv

ANyp-Xm-\-µ≥ A\p-tim-Nn-®p. Nn¥ ]ªn-tjgvkv

]{Xm-[n-]¿ F∂ \ne-bn-epw, Fgp-Øp-Im-c-s\∂ \ne-

bnepw At±lw kPo-h-amb {]h¿Ø-\-amWv \S-

ØnbsX∂v apJy-a{¥n A\p-tim-N\ ktµ-i-Øn¬ Adn-

bn®p.

tImSn-tbcn _me-Ir-jvW≥

kn `mkvI-cs‚ AIm-e-hn-tbmKw CS-Xp-]£

]ptcm-K-a\ {]ÿm-\-߃°v I\Ø \jvS-am-sW∂pw

Nn¥-hm-cn-I-bn-eq-sS-bpw, Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkn-eq-sS-bpw,

CS-Xp-]£ Bi-b-{]-Nm-c-W-cw-KØv {it≤-b-amb

kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Inb kn `mkvI-c-\p-ambn hy‡n-]-

c-ambn \√ ASp-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbpw k. tImSn-tbcn

_me-Ir-jvW≥ A\p-tim-N-\-Ip-dn-∏n¬ ]d-™p.

C ]n Pb-cm-P≥

Gsd thZ\-tbm-sS-bmWv kn `mkvI-cs‚

hntbmK hm¿Ø {ihn-®-sX-∂pw, sslkvIqƒ Imew

apX¬t° At±-l-hp-ambn ASpØ _‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-

s∂∂pw tI{µ-I-Ωn‰n AwKhpw tZim-`n-am\n P\-d¬

amt\-P-dp-amb C ]n Pb-cm-P≥ A\p-tim-N-\-°p-dn-∏n¬

Adn-bn-®p.

ssh°w hniz≥

hnhn[ kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ hnhn[ t]cp-I-fn¬

{]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ ]ptcm-K-a\ hnZym¿Yn {]ÿm-\-

߃°v GIo-Ir-X-cq]w \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ kn ̀ mkvI-c≥

{][m\ ]¶v hln-®-Xmbn F¬ Un F^v I¨ho-\¿

ssh°w hniz≥ A\p-tim-N\ Ipdn-∏n¬ Adn-bn-®p.

8

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

Fw hn tKmhn-µ≥am-ÿ

Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ hf¿®bv°v \n¿Wm-bI

kw`m-h\ \¬Inb ]{Xm-[n-]-cmWv kn ̀ mkvI-c-s\∂v

kn ]n sF Fw kwÿm\ sk{I-t´-dn-tb‰v AwKw

Fw hn tKmhn-µ≥ amÿ ]d-™p.

Sn inh-Zm-k-ta-t\m≥

hnZym¿Yn-{]-ÿm\w sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xnepw, Bi-

b-{]-h¿Ø-\-cw-KØpw kn `mkvI-c≥ \nkvXp-e-amb

]¶v hln-®-Xmbn Sn inh-Zm-k-ta-t\m≥ ]d-™p.

Fw Fw temd≥kv

Iayq-WnÃv Ncn-{Xhpw kmln-Xyhpw {]N-cn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn¬ henb ]¶v hln® hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p kn

`mkvI-c-s\∂v kn sF Sn bp kwÿm\ P\-d¬

sk{I-´dn Fw Fw temd≥kv ]d-™p. kn sF Sn

bp alm-cmjv{S kwÿm\ sk{I-´dn ]n B¿

IrjvW\pw A\p-tim-N\w Adn-bn-®p.

Fkv F^v sF

cmPyØv Fkv F^v sF sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬

\n¿Wm-b-I-ÿm\w Ae-¶-cn® hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p kn

`mkvI-c-s\∂v Fkv F^v sF AJn-te¥ym {]kn-

U‚ v ]n sI _nPp Fw ]n, Fkv F^v sF

kwÿm\ sk{I-´dn ]n _nPp, {]kn-U‚ v sI

kptajv F∂n-h¿ A\p-tim-N\ ktµ-i-Øn¬ Adn-

bn®p.

Un ssh F^v sF

kn `mkvI-cs‚ hntbmKw ]ptcm-K-a\ {]ÿm-

\-Øn\v ]Icw hbv°m-\m-hmØ \jvS-am-sW∂v Un

ssh F^v sF kwÿm\ sk{I-´dn Sn hn cmtPjv

]d-™p.

]ptcm-K-a\ Iem-km-ln-Xy-kwLw

ka¿Y-amb hnZym¿Yn kwL-S\m {]h¿Ø-\-

Øn-eqsS Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øn-se-Ønb kn

`mkvI-c≥ ]ptcm-K-a-\m-i-b-߃ P\-ß-fn¬ FØn-

°p-∂-Xn¬ F∂pw ap∂n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn ]p I

k kwÿm\ P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn s{]m^. hn F≥

apcfn A\p-tim-N\ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Adn-bn-®p.

_me-kwLw

_me-kwLw kwÿm\ sk{I-́ dn jnPq-Jm-\pw

{]kn-U‚ v sI kPo-jvIp-amdpw kn ̀ mkvI-cs‚ \ncym-

W-Øn¬ A\p-tim-N\w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn.

F sI ]n kn Sn F

CS-Xp-]£ Nn¥-I-\pw Ign-hp‰ kwLm-S-I-\pw

Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂p kn `mkvI-c-s\∂v F sI

]n kn Sn sF P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn tUm. hn cmtP-{µ≥

\mb¿ A\p-tim-N\°pdn-∏n¬ Adn-bn®p.

tIcf tIm˛-Hm-∏-td-‰ohv Fwtπm-bokv bqWn-b≥

]ptcm-K-a\ Bi-b-ß-fpsS F°m-e-sØbpw {]Nm-

c-I-\m-bn-cp∂p kn `mkvI-c≥ F∂v P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn

]n Fkv a[pkqZ-\≥ A\p-tim-Nn-®p.

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø9

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Ncn-{X-\n-an-j-߃

{]Imiv Imcm-´v, koXmdmw sb®qcn F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w

_na≥_kp, Fw F t__n, sI F≥ _me-tKm-]m¬,Sn hn cmtPjv F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w

tIfp-th-´-t\m-sSm∏w

10

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

kJmhv `mkvI-cs\ \ap°v Gh¿°pw ASp-Ø-dnbmw. ]t£, R߃ XΩn-ep≈ ]cn-Nbw Hcp InÆ-Øn¬\n∂pw `£n-°p-Ibpw Hcp ]mb-bn¬ InS-∂p-d-ßp-Ibpw sNøp∂ coXn-bn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

sNdp-∏-Imew apX¬t° `mkvI-c≥ hnZym¿YnkwL-S\mcwKØv {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. sI FkvF^ns‚ cq]o-I-cW \mƒsXm-́ m-Wv, ̀ mkvI-c-\p-ambnASpØv ]cn-Nb-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. B ]cn-Nbw ]ns∂,H∂n®p {]h¿Øn-°p∂ Xe-Øn-te-s°-Øn.

Xe-t»cn Su¨ lmfnse Hcp I¨sh≥j-\n¬\n∂mWv sI Fkv F^v cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.AXn¬ ]s¶-SpØ A∂sØ hnZym¿Yn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p

a\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmba\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmba\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmba\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmba\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmbIayq-WnÃvIayq-WnÃvIayq-WnÃvIayq-WnÃvIayq-WnÃv

]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥

Rm\pw ̀ mkvI-c-\p-sam-s°. Rß-sfms° hfsc Zcn{ZIpSpw-_-Øn¬\n∂v h∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, Ft∂-°mfpw Zcn{Z s\bvØp-sXm-gn-emfn IpSpw-_-am-bn-cp∂p`mkvI-c-t‚-Xv. s\bvØp-sXm-gn-em-fn-bpsS IpSpw_wF∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ D≠m-Ip∂ {]bm-k-߃, AXv]d-™-dn-bn-°m≥ ]‰m-Ø-Xm-Wv. B L -́Øn¬, IÆq-cnse _oUn-sØm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sSbpw s\bvØp-sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sSbpw kwL-S-\-bpw, IÆq¿ Pbn-en¬ h®vA¥-cn® k. F≥ A_vZp-≈-bp-sams° `mkvI-cs\hnhn[ coXn-bn¬ klm-bn-®-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv ]T\w XpS-cm≥ Ign-™-Xv.

P\n-®Xv thßmSv F∂ {Kma-Øn-em-Wv. Ahn-SsØ{]tXy-IX F√m-hcpw Iayq-Wn-ÃmWv F∂-Xm-Wv.AXns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Hm¿ah® \mƒapX¬`mkvI-c\pw Hcp Iayq-Wn-Ãm-bn-cp-∂p.

`mkvI-c≥ Hcp im¥ kz`m-h-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.FSpØp Nm´-tam, {]tIm-]-\-]-c-ambn CS-s]-Sp-∂-co-Xntbm At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Bcpw {i≤n-°p∂Hcp hnZym¿Yn kwL-S\m {]h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp∂p ̀ mkvI-c≥. ̀ mkvIcs‚ kwL-S-\m-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ H∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]e-scbpw Rm\n-hnsS ImWp-∂p.

sI Fkv F^ns‚ BZysØ kwÿm\ sk{I-´dn tImen-b-t°mSv IrjvW≥ \mb-cm-bn-cp-∂p. {]kn-U‚ v sI _me-Ir-jvW≥. Rß-sfms° AXn-\p-ti-j-amWv hcp-∂-Xv. CXn-\n-Sbv°v ̀ mkvI-c-s\-°p-dn-®p≈Hcp Ipdn-∏n¬ IrjvW≥\m-b¿°p-tijw sI FkvF^ns‚ {]kn-U‚ v ̀ mkvI-c-\pw ̂ nen∏v Fw {]kmZvsk{I-́ -dn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p F∂v Fgp-Xn-°-≠p. AXv icn-b-√. IrjvW≥\m-b-cpsS B IΩn-‰n-°p-ti-jw, sk{I--́dn-bmbn {]h¿Øn-®Xv sIm√Øv s]cn-\m-́ p-Im-c-\mb

kp`m-jvN-{µ-t_m-km-Wv. B IΩn-‰n-bpsS {]kn-U‚mbn {]h¿Øn-®Xv Rm\m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw,Ip∂n-°¬ \mcm-b-Ws‚ Nne {]h¿Ø-\-߃ XpS-ßnb L -́Øn¬ ]me-°mSv h®p \S∂ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬Nne¿ B IΩn‰n ]nSn-®-S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Aßs\ ]nSn-®-S-°nb IΩn-‰n-bn-emWv ̂ nen∏v Fw {]kmZv sk{I-´-dn-bm-Ip-∂-Xv.

B IΩn‰n A[n-I-Imew \o≠p-\n-∂n-√. ImcWwAXn¬Øs∂ hyXykvX A`n-{]m-b-ap-≈-h-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-ti-jw, Hcp I¨sh≥j-\n-eqsS ssh°whniz≥ {]kn-U‚pw Rm≥ sk{I-´-dn-bp-am-bn-´p≈ HcpIΩn‰n h∂p. A°m-e-sØms° `mkvI-c≥ {][m\{]h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

AXn-\p-ti-jw, kn ]n A_q-_-°¿ {]kn-U‚pw,ssh°w hniz≥ sk{I-´-dn-bp-ambn Hcp IΩn‰n h∂p.]n∂oSv ̀ mkvI-c≥ sk{I-́ -dn-bm-bn. AXn-\p-ti-j-amWvFkv F^v sF cq]o-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿® hcp-∂-Xv. A∂sØ sI Fkv F^ns‚ kwÿm-\-sk-

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø11

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

{I-́ -dn-bmbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ kJmhv`mkvI-c≥ Fkv F^v sF AJn-te¥ym {]kn-U‚mbn hcn-I-bpwsNbvXp.

]n∂o-Sp≈ Ncn{Xw \ap°v \∂m-b-dn-bmw. kJmhv `mkvI-c≥Xs∂]e Fgp-Øp-I-fnepw AXv A\m-h-cWw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

`mkvI-c≥ \ΩpsS kaq-l-Øn\vhenb kw`m-h-\-bmWv \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Hcp ssk≤m-¥n-Is‚ \ne-hm-c-Øn-emWv ̀ mkvI-c≥ {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. Hcp-]mSv ]pkvX-I-߃`mkvI-c≥ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. at‰-sXmcp Iayq-Wn-Ãn¬\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn k. `mkvI-cs‚ {]tXy-IX ]m¿´n-bpsS Ncn-{Xw, kaq-lsØ Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ap≥ssIFSpØp F∂-Xm-Wv. Ipdn-∏p-IƒFSpØp-h-bv°p-I, Nne {][m-\-s∏´hnh-c-߃, apdn-s®-SpØv kq£n-°pI XpS-ßnb kz`mhw sNdp-∏-Imew apX¬t° hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-

°m≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™p.Hcp-]® a\p-jys‚ lrZ-b-amWv ̀ mkvI-c-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Zo¿L-Imew

H∂n®p {]h¿Øn® At±lw F\n°v Hcp ktlm-Z-c-s\-t∏m-sebm-bn-cp∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ th¿]m-Sn¬ kn ]n sF Fw kwÿm\ IΩn-‰n-bpsS Bc-Zm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p.

(kn `mkvI-c≥ A\p-kva-c-W- tbm-K-Øn¬ \S-Ønb {]kw-Kw)

k. kn `mkvI-c≥ A\p-kva-c-W-tbmKhpwkJm-hns‚ cmjv{Sob kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-X-Øn-te°v shfn-®w-ho-ip∂ t^mt´m {]Z¿i-\hpwG{]n¬ 20˛\v sshIn v́ 5 aWn°v hnsPSn lmfn¬\S-∂p. k. IS-Iw-]≈n kptc-{µ≥ A≤y-£-\mbn.kn]nsF (Fw) Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√m IΩn-‰nbpwNn¥ ]ªn-tjgvkpw kwbp-‡-ambn kwLSn∏n®]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥, Xte-°p-∂n¬_jo¿, kn sI N{µ-∏≥, ssh°w hniz≥, hnFw kp[o-c≥, Sn Fw tP°-_v, Fw F t__n,inh-KncnaTw sk{I-´dn EXw-_-cm-\-µ, tUm. SnFw tXmakv sFk-Iv, Fw hnP-b-Ip-am¿, hn kptc-{µ≥]n-≈, sI sI ssieP So®¿, se\n≥ cmtP-{µ≥, tab¿ sI N{µnI, hn sI tPmk^v XpSßnkmwkvIm-cnI cmjv{So-b-cw-KsØ \nc-h-[n-t]¿]s¶-Sp-Øp. kJm-hns‚ ̀ mcy Xpfkn ̀ mkvI-c≥,a°ƒ Znt\-jv, at\jv F∂n-hcpw kw_-‘n-®p.

kn `mkvI-c≥ A\p-kva-c-Whpwt^mt´m-{]-Z¿i-\hpw

A\p-kva-c-W-tbm-K-Øn¬]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥ kwkm-cn-°p∂p

12

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

kn `mkvI-c≥ A\p-kva-c-W- {]-̀ m-j-W-ß-fn¬\n∂v

kn sI N{µ-∏≥

`mkvI-cs\ Ipdn-t®m¿°p-tºmƒ BZy-ambn Hm¿a-bn-se-Øp-∂-Xv, IÆq-cnseIeym-t»-cn-bn¬ h®v \S∂ AJn-te¥ym hnZym¿Yn s^U-td-js‚ kΩ¿Iymºm-Wv. B Iymºn¬ ]s¶-SpØ G‰hpw {]mbw Ipd™ hnZym¿Yn {]Xn-\n[n k. `mkvI-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. B \nebv°v At±-l-amWv A∂v B ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ ]XmI Db¿Øn-b-Xv.

]n∂oSv hnZym¿Yn {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬ At±lw {]h¿Øn-®p. Fkv F v̂ sFbpsS ÿm]-I-t\-Xm-°-fn-sem-cm-fm-bn, AJn-te¥ym t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ kvXpXy¿l-amb {]h¿Ø-\-߃ ImgvNh®p.

]n¬°m-eØv At±lw IqSp-X¬ {i≤-bq-∂n-bXv Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-Im-c≥, ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I≥ F∂ \ne-bv°m-Wv. B \ne-bn¬At±lw \√ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬In. AXv P\-a-\-kn¬ D≠m-bn-cn°pw F∂Imcyw Dd-∏m-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ Zo]vX-kva-c-W-Iƒ°p ap∂n¬ Iayq-WnÃp]m¿´nkwÿm\ Iu¨kn-ens‚ BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ.

Xte-°p-∂n¬ _jo¿

BIkvanI-ambn A¥-cn® kn `mkvI-c≥ Fs‚ kl-]m-Tn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.R߃ Hcp-an®v temtIm-tf-Pn¬ ]Tn-®n-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂ At±-lsØ ASp-Ø-dn-bm≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂p. R߃ hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ Hcp-]mSv H®hbv°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ `mkvI-c≥ AXn¬ \ns∂ms° hyXy-kvX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu hyXykvXX At±-l-Øn\v e`n-®Xv A£-c-ß-fn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Bg-Ønepw ]c-∏n-ep-ap≈ hmb\ At±lw acWw hsc XpS¿∂p.

`mkvI-cs‚ Ign-hp-Iƒ Is≠-Øm≥ C Fw Fkn\p Ign-™p. AIm-e-Øn¬ A¥-cn-®n-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ C\nbpw F{Xtbm al-Ømb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Im≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Fs‚ {]nb-kp-lr-Øns‚kvac-Wbv°p ap∂n¬ BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p.

ssh°w hniz≥

k. `mkvI-cs\ A\p-kva-cn-°p-tºmƒ kJm-hns‚ s]mXp{]h¿Ø-\w,Fgp-Øns‚ cwKØv kJmhv FSpØ kao-]-\w, ssk≤m-¥nI cwKsØ{]h¿Ø-\-߃ Ch-sb-√mw-X-s∂, Hm¿a-bn-se-Øpw.

kJmhv ̀ mkvI-c-\p-ambn Ipd-s™m-cp-Imew Hcp-an®v {]h¿Øn-°m-\p≈Ah-kcw In´n-bn-́ p-≠v. sI Fkv F^ns‚ {]kn-U‚mbn {]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ,`mkvI-c≥ A∂v sshkv {]kn-U‚mWv. AXp-t]mse Rm≥ sk{I-´-dn-bmbn{]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ `mkvI-c≥ tPmbn‚ v sk{I-´-dn-bm-Wv. IqSp-X¬ Fgp-Xm\pw ¢mkp-Iƒ FSp-°m-\p-sa√mw `mkvI-c≥ {i≤n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv tIcf bqWn-th-gvkn‰n kn≥Un-t°‰v saº-dm-bn{]h¿Øn-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-bn. am{X-a-√, C Fw Fkvkºq¿W-Ir-Xn-Iƒ, ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkn\v G‰hpwhenb kw`m-h\ \¬In-b-Xv, kJmhv ̀ mkvI-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

`mkvI-cs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-߃, hnZym¿Yn kaq-l-Øn\pw CS-Xp-]£ {]ÿm-\-Øn\pw Iayq-WnÃp {]ÿm-\-Øn\pw KpWw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. kJm-hns‚ Fgp-Øp-Iƒ AXn\v km£yw hln-°p-∂p. kJm-hns‚ \ncym-W-Øn¬ A\p-tim-N\w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p∂p.

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø13

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

hn Fw kp[o-c≥

Fs∂ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw, `mkvI-c-\p-ambn ASpØv CS-]-g-Ip-∂-Xv,At±lw Fkv F^v sF {]knU‚pw Rm≥ sI Fkv bp {]kn-U‚p-ambn{]h¿Øn-°p∂ Ime-Øm-Wv. A∂v tIc-f-Ønse tImtfPv bqWn-b-\p-Ifnse√mwsI Fkv bp A\n-tj[y i‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A∂mWv Fkv F v̂ sF {]knU‚m-bn-cp∂ `mkvI-c-\p-ambn ]e kµ¿`-ß-fnepw; kwL¿j`-cnX-amb kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬t∏mepw Hcp-an®v thZn- ]-¶n-´Xv Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Rm≥ Hm¿an-°p∂p.

hyXykvX kwL-S-\-I-fn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cm-sW-¶nepw hy‡n-]-c-ambhntZz-j-tam hntbm-Pn-t∏m D≠m-bn-´n√ F∂p am{X√ hy‡n-]-c-ambn R߃ASpØ kplr-Øp-°ƒ IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Hm¿a-Iƒ°pap-ºn¬BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p.

Fw F t__n

kJmhv kn `mkvI-c-\p-am-bn, hnZym¿Yn Pohn-X-Imew apX¬ ASp-Ø-_-‘-ap-≠v. Ah-Imi-k-a-c-ß-fn¬ \nc-¥cw G¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXns‚ ^e-ambns]meokv a¿Z-\-ß-fpw a‰pw sI Fkv F^n-\v t\cn-tS-≠n-hcpIbpw sNbvXIme-L-´ØnemWv kn ̀ mkvI-cs\ Rm≥ ImWp-∂-Xv. sIm√w ̂ mØna tImtf-Pn¬ \S∂ hnZym¿Yn ka-c-Øn¬ Hcp-]mSv hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ°v ]cn-t°-‰p. k. ̀ mkvI-cs‚ Hcp hnc-emWv NX™p t]mb-Xv. sIm√w Pn√m Bip-]-{Xn-bnseØptºmƒhnc-en¬ πmÃ-dn´v \n¬°p∂ ̀ mkvI-c-s\-bmWv Rm≥ ImWp-∂-Xv.-

]mfbw a’y am¿°-‰n-t\mSv sXm´v, IpSp-kmb Hcp ÿe-ØmWv A∂v kn]n sF (Fw) kwÿm\ IΩn‰n Hm^okv {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AhnsS `mkvI-c≥D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ CSp-ßnb Hcp apdn-bp-≠v. kJm-hns‚ ]pkvX-I-sj¬ n̂¬ \n∂mWvhmb-\bv°v {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-Øo¿∂ The Challenge of World Poverty F∂]pkvXIw ImWp-∂Xv. ]n∂o-Sv R߃ AXv hmbn®Xpw N¿® sNbvX-Xp-sams° Hm¿an-°p-I-bm-Wv. kwÿm-\-X-e-Ønepw AJn-te¥ym Xe-Ønepw

hnZym¿Yn {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ka-c-cw-KØpw ssk≤m-¥nI Xe-ß-fnepw kJmhv ̀ mkvI-c≥ \nkvXp-e-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬In. At±-l-Øns‚ th¿]m-Sn¬ ZpxJhpw A\p-tim-N\hpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

tUm. Sn Fw tXmakv sFkIv

tIc-f-Ønse hnZym¿Yn{]ÿm\w sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ \nkvXp-e-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬In-bn-´p≈ kJm-hmWv kn `mkvI-c≥. Fkv F^v sF cq]o-I-cWktΩ-f-\-Øn-\p tij-amWv kJmhv ̀ mkvI-cs\ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

`mkvI-c≥, Rß-sf-t∏m-ep≈ hnZym¿Yn{]h¿Ø-I¿°v Hcp-]mSv ]pkvX-I-߃ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. hnZym¿Yn-{]-ÿm-\-Øn\v _u≤n-I-amb am\w\¬Ip-∂-Xn\v k. ̀ mkvI-cs‚ kw`m-h\ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

k. `mkvI-cs‚ {]`m-j-W-ssi-en, hfsc hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-∂p. Fkv F^vsF ]cn-]m-Sn-sb-°p-dn®pw P\m-[n-]Xy hnZym-`ym-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p-sams° Xt‚-Xmb ssien-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™p. ]n∂oSv Rm≥A\p-I-cn-°m≥ {ian-®n-´p≈Xv Cu ssien-bm-Wv.

]Tn-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fpw hmbn-°p∂ Imcy-ßfpw Ipdn-∏p-I-fm-°p-I, F∂XvHcp {]Nm-c-Is\ kw_-‘n®v hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp Imcy-am-Wv. At±lw

Aßs\ sNbvXn-cp-∂p. hnZym¿Yn-{]-ÿm\w hn v́ am¿IvknÃv ssh⁄m-\nI taJ-e-bn-te°v {]th-in-°p-tºmƒAXv henb apX¬°q´mbn Xo¿∂n-´p-≠v. Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Ønse BZy-]-Yn-I-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ ]pkvXIwkhn-tij {i≤-b¿ln-°p-∂p. CsXms° hne-bn-cp-Øp-tºm-gmWv ̀ mkvI-cs‚ AIm-e-N-caw Iayq-WnÃv {]ÿm-\-Øn\v henb \jvS-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p ]d-bm-\m-hp-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ Hm¿a-Iƒ°p ap∂n¬ BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p.

14

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

se\n≥ cmtP-{µ≥

\ΩpsS a\-kn¬ \nd™p \n∂n-cp∂ Hcp `mkvI-c≥ C∂n-√. \m¬∏-Øn-c≠p h¿jsØsb¶nepw ]cn-Nbw F\n°pw `mkvI-c-\p-am-bn-´p-≠v. Ipsd-tb-sd-°m-ew, F√m Znhkhpw ImWp-∂-hcpw F√m hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®pw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-bn-cp∂p R߃. R߃°n-S-bn¬ ad-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√, R߃°n-S-bn¬ H∂pw Hfn-®p-h-bv°m≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v At±-lsØ hfscASp-Ø-dn-bm≥ Ah-kcw e`n-®n-́ p-≠v. kmln-Xy-Ønsebpw Ie-bnsebpw kuµ-cym-fl-I-Xsb At±lw Atß-b‰w kvt\ln-®n-cp∂p.

ÃpU≥Uns‚ BZy-e°w {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-tºmƒ BZy t]Pn¬ Imƒam¿Ivkns‚ {]Wb IhnXbmbn-cp∂p. Cu IhnX `mkvI-c\v sImSp-ØXvRm\m-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v, {]Wbw Fs∂m-s°-∏-d-bp-∂Xv ]pdØp ]d-bm≥sIm≈mØ hnIm-c-ambn Bfp-Iƒ IW-°m-°-s∏-´n-cp∂ Hcp Ime-L-´-am-bn-cp∂p F∂v Hm¿an-°Ww.

AXp-t]mse Nn¥-bnte-°p-h-cp-tºmƒ AXp-hscbp≠m-bn-cp∂ sI´pw-a´pwam‰n-s°m≠v AXns\ At±lw BI¿j-I-am-°n. `mkvI-c≥ Xs‚ taJ-e-I-

fn¬ hym]-cn-°p-tºmgpw X\n-°v, ho≠pw P\-ß-tfm-sSm∏w \n∂v {]h¿Øn-°m≥ Xm¬∏-cy-ap-≈Xmbn ]d-bp-am-bn-cp∂p.

GX‰w hsc sIm≠p-t]mbn NnIn-’n-°m-\pw ]m¿´n Xbm-dm-sW∂v ]m¿´n sk{I-´dn ]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥]d™ Imcyw Ft∂mSv ]¶p-h-®Xv Rm≥ Hm¿an-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Rm≥ F√m Zp:Jßfpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

Sn Fw tP°_v

Rm≥ `mkvI-cs\ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, 1968-emWv. Rm≥ A∂v sI Fkv knbpsS kwÿm-\-{]-kn-U‚m-Wv. kwL-S\mXe-Øn¬ A∂v henb tijn-bn-√m-Xn-cp∂ sI Fkv F^ns‚ ImeØv B hnZym¿Yn {]ÿm-\sØ i‡-ambn\bn-°p∂ ap≥\nc t\Xm-°-fn¬ {]ap-J-ÿm\w hln-®n-cp-∂-bm-fmWv `mkvI-c≥. R߃ ASpØv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm-\p-≠mb Imc-Ww, sI Fkv bphn-s\-Xnsc,Fkv F^v sF, sI Fkv kn bpsS kJyw ÿm]n®v A∂sØ tIc-fm-bq-Wn-th-gvkn-‰n-bpsS A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Ct∏m-gsØ a{¥n Pn kp[m-I-c≥ A∂v Fkv F^v sFbpsS {]kn-U‚mWv.

HcpZnhkw cm{Xn apgp-h≥ Rm\pw ̀ mkvI-c\pw bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-tIm-tf-Pns‚ap≥h-i-Øv, _m\-dp-Iƒ \in-∏n-°s∏Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Imh-en-cp∂ kw`hw Hm¿an-°p-I-bm-Wv. At±-l-Øn\v BZ-cmRvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p∂p.

EXw-_-cm-\-µ-kzm-an-Iƒ

(in-h-Kncn aTw sk{I-´-dn)`mkvI-c≥ kmdns‚ hntbm-Kw, tIc-f-Øns‚ cm{„o-b-˛-kmw-kvIm-cnI hnZym-

`ym-k-cw-K-߃s°√mw Hcp-t]mse \„-am-Wv. Fs∂ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw,inh-Kncn aT-Øns‚ P\-d¬ sk{I-́ -dn-bmbn Nm¿sP-Sp-Ø-tijw inh-Kncn {io\m-cm-bW saUn-°¬ anj≥ tImtfPv Hm^v t\gvkns‚ C≥kv]-£\v th≠nAt±lw FØp-∂-Xp-ap-X-emWv hy‡n-]-c-amb ASp∏w D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. At±lwinh-Kncn aT-Øn¬ ]e-X-hW h∂n-´p-≠v. Ft∏mgpw {]k-∂-h-Z-\-\mbn \ne-sIm-≠v, s]mXp-cw-KØv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿°v F∂pw amXrI Im´n-s°m-≠v,{]Xn-]£ _lp-am-\-tØmsS \√ kao-]\w kzoI-cn-®n-cp∂ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn-ep-]-cn, inh-Kncn aT-Øns‚ Hcp Bfl-kp-lr-Øpam-bn-cp-∂p.

At±-l-Øns‚ kvac-W-bv°p-ap-ºn¬ BZ-cmRvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p.

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø15

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

hn kptc-{µ≥]n≈

Cu {]ÿm-\-Øn\v G‰hpw henb \jvS-amWv k. `mkvI-cs‚ hntbm-K-sa∂v Rm≥ ]d-bm≥ B{K-ln-°p-I-bm-Wv. hnZym¿Yn t\Xr-Xz-\n-c-bnse{]h¿Ø\w Ah-km-\n-∏n®v Fgp-Øpw hmb-\bpw Nn¥-bp-sam-s°-bmbn amdp∂Ime-ØmWv Rm≥ At±-lsØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

]cn-N-b-s∏´v Ipsd-°m-e-߃ Ign-™-Xn-\p-ti-jw, ho≠pw Rm≥, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv a’-cn-°p∂ Ime-ØmWv B ]cn-Nbw ]pXp-°p-∂-Xv. Rm≥ a{¥n-bm-b-t∏mƒ Fs∂ hnfn®v A`n-\-µn-®Xv Rmt\m¿an-°p-I-bm-Wv. F\n°v {]h¿Øn-°m-\p≈ am¿K-\n¿tZ-i-߃ \¬In-bn-cp∂ henb kJm-hmWv Fs∂ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw kn `mkvI-c≥. At±-l-Øns‚ th¿]m-Sn¬ Zp:Jw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

sI sI ssieP So®¿

`mkvI-tc-´\pw Rm\p-sams° Hcp \m´p-Im-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, sNdp-∏-Ønte hy‡n-]-c-amb ]cn-NbwD≠m-°m≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√. Fkv F v̂ sFbpsS kap-∂-X-\mb t\Xmhv F∂p≈ \ne-bn¬, Zqsc-\n∂v tI´pwAdn-™p-ap≈ ]cn-N-b-am-bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

]t£, kwL-S-\m-cw-K-tØ°v IS-∂p-h-∂-t∏mƒ, At±-l-Øn-s‚ {]kw-K-ßfpweLp-te-J-I-fpw R-ß-sf-sb-√mw cmjv{So-b-cw-K-tØ°v ssI]n-Sn-®p-b¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ h-enb ]¶v hln-®n -´p≠v.

Fs∂ {]kwKw]Tn-∏n-®-Xv, Cu e-Lp-te-J-Ifpw {]kw-K-ßfpw ¢mkp-I-fp-am-sW∂v At±-l-tØm-Sv Rm≥ t\cn v́ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

kaq-l-Øn-\p-th≠n {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ acn°p-tºmƒ, B ac-W-Øn\v Hcp al-Xz-ap-≠mIpw F∂v alm-\mb au ]d-™Xv XnI®pwbmYm¿Yy-am-sW-∂mWv Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ `mkvI-tc´s\-°p-dn®v F\n°v tXm∂n-bn-´p-≈-Xv. cmjv{So-b -Ønte°v {]th-in -°p -∂-h¿°pw cmjv{SobhnZym¿Yn-Iƒ°pw \√ A[ym-]-I-\mbn At±-l-Øn-s‚ ]pkvX-I-߃ C\nbpw Pohn-°pw. At±-l-Øns‚ Hm¿a-Iƒ°p apºn¬ BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p. (tZim-`n-am\n apJ-{]-kwKw)

16

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

kJmhv kn `m-kvI-c≥ Nn¥-bnse kl-{]-h¿Ø-I-cmb R߃°v Bcm-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv

Rm\n-t∏mƒ Btem-Nn-°p-∂-Xv. Nne-t∏mƒ

imkn-°p-Ibpw Ie-ln-°p-Ibpw X¿°n-°p-Ibpw

Xami ]d-bp-Ibpw \√ ̀ £Ww Ign-°m≥ t{]cn-

∏n-°p-Ibpw icn-bmb Xocp-am-\-ßsfSp°m≥

klm-bn-°p-I-bpw, {]X-y-b-im-kv{X-{]-iv\-ß-fn¬

hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√mØ IWn-i-°m-c-mhp-Ibpw kplr-

Øpw tPy-jvT-\pw t\Xmhpw Bbn {]h¿Øn-°p-

Ibpw Hs° sNbvXp-sIm≠v Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-

gvkns\ Hcp IpSpw-_-ambn \ne-\n¿Øm≥ ̀ mkvI-

tc-´≥ Hcp \nd-km-∂n-[-y-ambn \ne-sIm≠p.

Rm≥ Nn¥- ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ P\-d¬ amt\-

Pcmbn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-{Xtbm apºp

apX¬Xs∂ ̀ mkvI-tc-´s\ ASp-Ø-dn-bp-am-bn-cp-

∂p. Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø-bn-te-°p-≈ Nne Ipdn-

∏p-Ifpw am¿Ivkn-b≥ kuµ-cy imkv{X-]-T\

]pkvX-I-Øn-te°v kn\n-a-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp teJ-

\hpw, ̀ mkvI-tc-́ s‚ \n¿_‘wsIm≠v Rms\-

gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. `mkvI-tc-´s\Xnsc ]m¿´n \S-]-Sn-

sb-SpØ ka-bØv Rm\n-S-bv°nsS kJm-hns\

ImWp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Ia-yq-Wn-ÃpIm-cs‚ \n›-

b-Zm¿Vy-tØm-sSbpw Bfl-hn-i-zm-k-tØm-sSbpw

At±lw Fß-s\-bmWv Cu {]Xn-k-‘n-Isf

A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®Xv F∂v Rm\-SpØp\n∂-dn-™p.

]m¿´n \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-\mbn, Gsd-°psd

hymIp-e\pw {h-Wn-X-lr-Z-b\pambn Pohn® B

ImeØv ]e {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

`mkvI-tc-´\v \nc-h[n Hm^-dp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

]m¿´nsb X≈n-∏-d™m¬ am{Xw aXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

h≥ kmº-ØnI sRcp°a\p-̀ -hn® A°m-eØv

Hcp-hn-[-ap-≈ Bfp-I-sfms° Ipepßnt∏mIp-am-

bn-cp∂p. {]tem-̀ -\-ß-sfbpw hmKvZm-\-ß-sfbpw

Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v At±lw Ia-yq-Wn-Ãp-Im-c-

\m-bn-Øs∂ XpS¿∂psIm≠v ]m¿´n-s°m∏w

\n∂p. ""Fs∂ ]m¿´n ]pd-Øm-°n-bmepw F\n°v

Fs‚ ]m¿´nsb Fs‚ D≈n¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-

°m-\m-In√. Cu ]m¿´n-bmWv Fs∂ Rm\m-°n-

bXv'' Fs∂mcn°¬ `mkvI-tc-´≥ ]d-™Xv

Rm\n-t∏m-gp-tam¿an-°p-∂p-≠v. A°m-eØv Iem-

Iu-ap-Zn-bn¬ Ipd-®p-Imew tPmen t\m°n-bXpw

]m¿´n-bpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-s∏´ Nne kJm-°-fpsS

A\p-hmZw hmßn-s°m-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂-t±lw ]d-™n-́ p-≠v.

Hcp Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-c-\mbnØs∂ {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v

At±lw £a-tbmsS ImØn-cp-∂p. ho≠pw ]m¿´n-bn¬ Xncn-

s®-Øn. Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ FUn-‰-dmbn.

am¿Ivkn-k-Øns‚ kuµ-c-y-im-kv{XsØ°pdn®p am{X-a√

kJmhv Btem-Nn-®n-cp-∂Xv. kz¥w Pohn-X-Øns‚ kuµ-cy-

t_m[-sØ-°p-dn®pw ssien-sb-°p-dn®pw At±lw Btem-

Nn-®n-cp-∂p. F√m hnj-b-ß-fnepw \√ Db¿∂ hmb-\-bp-≠m-

bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse Xs∂ kz¥w ico-c-Øns‚ BÀm-Z-ß-sf-

°p-dn®pw cpNn-I-sf-°p-dn®pw At±lw At\-z-jn-®n-cp∂p. \√

`£-Ww, hrØn-bp≈Xpw ̀ wKn-bp-≈-Xp-amb hkv{X-[m-cWw,

`mkvI-tc-́ ≥ R߃°m-cm-bn-cp∂phn sI tPmk^v

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø17

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

ico-c-Øns‚ ku-µ-cyw \ne-\n¿Øp-

∂-Xn-\p-ff {i≤˛Hs° ]men-®n-cp-

s∂-¶n-epw, ̀ £-W-Øns‚ Nne cpNn-

I-tfm-Sp≈ A`n-\n-th-i-߃ Xs∂-

Øs∂ XI¿Øp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv Xncn-

®-dn-™n-́ pw {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m-\m-ImsX

t]mbn.

Nn¥-bpsS hf¿®-bn¬, AXns‚

hnIm-k-Øn¬ Gsd BÀm-Zn-®n-cp∂

`mkvI-tc-́ ≥ ]¶n-́ n-cp∂ Ipsd-b-[nIw

kz-]v\-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øns‚

F√m Pn√-I-fnepw ]m¿´n t\Xm-°-

tfmSpw ]m¿´n {]h¿Ø-I-tcmSpw

At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘w

Nn¥-bpsS hf¿®-bv°p-th≠n D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-́ p-≠v. ]pXnb ]pkvX-I-ß-

fpsS Nne ]≤-Xn-Iƒ N¿® sNøp-

tºm-sgms° kzm-`m-hn-I-am-bp-≠m-

Ip∂ ]e X¿°-ßfpw ̀ mkvItc-́ ≥

Nncn-®p-sIm-≠mWv t\cn-´-Xv. Rm≥

]e-t∏mgpw £p`n-X-\m-Ip-tºmgpw

At±lw Nncn-®p-sIm≠v an≠m-Xn-cn-

°pw. ]n∂oSv F√mw im¥-am-Ip-

tºmƒ Nne-t∏m-ƒ `£Ww taSn-®p-

X-cpw. At±lw kwi-b-ap-∂-bn-°p-

Ibpw X¿°n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-

´p≈-Xm-sW-¶nepw Nne ]≤-Xn-I-

fp-ambn aptºm-́ p-t]m-Im≥ kΩXw

aqfp-Ibpw ]n∂o-S-Xns‚ hnP-b-

Øn¬ BÀm-Zw -sIm-≈pIbpw

sNbvXp. "hn⁄m-\-h¿jw' ]pkvX-

I-ß-fp-sSbpw _me-km-ln-X-y-Ir-Xn-

I-fp -sSbpw ]cn-`m-jI-fp -sSbp-

sams° Imc-y-Øn¬ Cßs\ kw-

hm-Z-ß-fp-≠mhpw. Cu kwhm-Z-ß-

fn¬\n-s∂ms° Rm\-S-°-ap-≈

kl-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°v [m-cmfw ]mT-

ßfpw ]Tn-°m-\m-bn-´p-≠v. Rß-

fpsS Iq´mb N¿®-I-fn¬-\n∂pw

kwhm-Z-ß-fn¬\n∂pw X¿°-ß-

fn¬-\n∂pw `mkvI-tc-´s‚ IrX-y-

amb CS-s]-S¬ sIm-≠v cq]w-sIm-

≠n-´p-≈ Nne ]≤-Xn-Iƒ ]q¿-Øn-

bm-bm¬ AXv ae-bmf {]km-[-\-

cw-KsØ hf-sc {][m-\-s∏´ kw`m-

h-\-I-fm-bn-cn°pw F∂v Rm≥ Icp-

Xp-∂p. "tIcfw kmw-kvIm-cnI

hn⁄m-\-tImiw', "am¿-IvknÃv

hn⁄m\tImiw' XpS-ßnb _rlZv

{KŸ]≤-Xn-Iƒ R߃ Cßs\

tPmen Bcw-`n-®-h-bn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv.

Nn¥-bv°v, kz¥w sI´n-S-ap-≠m-Ip-

∂Xv `mkvI-tc-´s\ Gsd kt¥m-

jn-∏n-®n-cp∂p. B sI-´nSw ]q¿Øn-

bmbn hcp-∂p. Fs∂-tbsd Zp:-Jn-∏n-

°p-∂Xv `mkvI-tc-´≥ Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-

ßnb kz¥w Hm¿a-I-sf-°p-dn®pw

A\p-`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-ap-≈ ]pkv-

XIw ]q¿Øn-bm-°m-\m-bn√ F∂p-

≈Xm-Wv. B ]pkvXIw ]q¿-Øn-bm-

bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ AXv kn `m-kvI-cs‚

A\p-`-h-]p-kvXIw am{X-am-ImsX

tIc-f-Ønse hn-Zym¿Yn {]ÿm-\-

Øns‚ Xnf-°-ap≈ Hm¿a-I-fpsS Ncn-

{X-]p-kvX-Iw IqSn-bmIp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

B A\p-̀ h]mT-߃, tIc-f-Øns‚

Ac-\q‰m≠pIm-esØ t]mcm-́ -ß-fp-

sSbpw bmX-\-I-fp-sSbpw Ncn-{Xambn-

cn-°pw. ̀ mkvI-tc-́ ≥ ]q¿Øn-bm-°msX

hn´p-t]mb {]h¿Ø-\-߃ Gs‰-

SpØp-sIm-≠v, \ap°pw Ncn-{XØn-

s‚ `mK-ambn-Øocm≥ {ian°mw.

]ptcm-K-a\ Iem-km-lnXy kwL-Øns‚ Hcp ]pkvX-I-{]-Im-i\ NSßv

18

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

1970-˛-emWv Fkv F^v sFcq]o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]cn-jvI-c-W-hm-Z-Øns‚ ioX-°m‰v a‰p-]e hn`m-K-ß-sf-bp-sa-∂-t]mse hnZym¿Yn-{]-ÿm-\-sØbpw {Kkn® Hcp Ime-L-´-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. hnZym¿Yn-k-a-c-߃ Xs∂ A]-cn-Nn-X-amb HcpIme-L-´w. A∂v hnhn[ kwÿm-\-ß-fn-embn F sF Fkv F^n¬{]h¿Øn-®n -cp∂ Din-c -∑m-cmb{]h¿Ø-I¿ B kwL-S-\-tbmSv hnS-]-d-bm≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿]pXnb-co-Xn-bnepw ssien-bnepw]pXnb kwL-S-\-Iƒ sI´n-∏-SpØv{]h¿Ø\w XpS-ßn. Hmtcm kw-ÿm-\Øpw Hmtcm t]cn -emWvkwL-S-\-Iƒ cq]w sIm≠-Xv. tIc-f -Øn¬ AXns‚ t]cv tIcfhnZym¿Yn s^U-td-j≥ (sI FkvF^v) F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. Xan-gv\m-´n¬,Xan-gv\mSv ÃpU‚ vkv s^U-td-j≥,

B{‘-bn¬ B{‘m s{]m-hn≥-jy¬ ÃpU‚ vkv s^U-td-j≥,_wKm-fn¬ _wKmƒ s{]mhn -≥jy¬ ÃpU‚ v s^U-td-j≥,]©m-_n¬ t{]m{K-kohv ÃpU‚ vbqWn-b≥ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ t]cp-I-fn -em-bn -cp∂p kwL-S-\-Iƒ{]h¿Øn-®Xv. kam-\-Nn-¥m-K-Xn-bp≈ kwL-S-\-Isf Iq´n-tbm-Pn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v Hcp AJn-te¥ymkwL-S\ cq]o-I-cn -°-W-sa∂Bibw hnhn[ kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬hf¿∂p-h-cn-I-bp-≠m-bn. CØ-c-samcp L´-Øn-emWv tIcf hnZym-¿Yn s^U-td-js‚ kwÿm\ktΩ-f\w Fd-Wm-Ip-fØp \S-°p-∂-Xv. B ktΩ-f-\-th-f -bn¬GtXm Hcp kwL-tØm-sSm∏w,_wKmƒ s{]mhn-≥jy¬ ÃpU‚ vs^U-td-js‚ (_n ]n FkvF^v) P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn k.

_na≥_kp Fd-Wm-Ip-f-sØ-Ønbhnhcw R߃ Adn-™p. R߃AhnsS t]mbn At±-lsØ Rß-fpsS ktΩ-f-\-ÿ-e-tØ°v Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn. At±-lw ktΩ-f-\sØ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp.Xma-kn-bmsX Xs∂ Hcp AJn-te¥ym hnZym¿Yn kwL-S\ cq]wsIm≈p-sa∂v At±lw {]-Xymi{]I-Sn-∏n-®p. CXp-ambn _‘-s∏´vR߃ At±-l-hp-ambn Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-Øn-∏n-cn-™p. Iptd \mf-tØ°v H∂pw \S-∂n-√. CXn-\n-S-bn¬1970 Pq¨ 1 apX¬ 7 hsc hnhn[kwÿm-\-ß-fnse hnZym¿Yn-kw-L-S-\-I-fn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ ]m¿´nAwK-ß-fpsS Hcp Iymºv kn ]n sF(Fw) I¬°-Ø-bn¬sh®v hnfn-®p-tN¿Øp. kwÿm-\sØ hnZym¿Yn-cw-KØp {]h¿Øn-°p∂ Din-c-∑m-cmb GXm\pw kJm-°sf Iymºn-

t]m¿\n-e-ß-fn¬ Ah-cp≠vkn `mkvI-c≥

Fkv F^v sF 10˛mw ktΩ-f-\-th-Zn-bn¬ BZy-Ime t\Xm-°-tfm-sSm∏w

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø19

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

te°v Xnc-s™-Sp-Ø-b-bv°-W-sa∂v]m¿´n-bpsS tIcf kwÿm-\-sk-{I-´dn k: kn F®v IWm-c≥ Rß-tfmSv \n¿tZ-in-®p. Aßs\ R߃GXm\pw t]¿ B Iym-ºn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øp. ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ Xte-Zn-hkw Xs∂ R߃ I¬-°Øm\K-c-Øn-se-Øn. tImgn -t°m-´p -\n∂pw _m_p-`-c-Zzm-Pv, t{]a≥,tIm´-bØp-\n∂v hnP-b-tk-\≥,tIm´-bØp \n∂p-Xs∂ tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW-°p-dp∏v (kp-tcjv Ipdp-∏ns‚tPyjvT≥) F∂n-h-cpsS t]cp-IƒRm≥ Hm¿°p-∂p. R߃ I¬°-Ø-bn-se-Ønb Znhkw, kn sF Snbp cq]o-I-c-W-Øns‚ kam-]-\-k-tΩ-f\w AhnsS \S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. I¬°-Ø-bnse {_ntKUv]tcUv {Ku≠v Bbn-cp∂p ktΩ-f-\-\-K-cn. Rßfpw B ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≠p. Rm≥ I≠G‰hpw henb dmen-bm-bn-cp∂pAXv. _n Sn B¿, tPymXn-_kp XpS-ßnb t\Xm-°ƒ dmen-bn¬ {]kw-Kn-®p. dmen Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒR߃ I≠ ImgvN sR´n-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. {_ntKUv ]tcUv{Ku≠v BsI IØp-∂-Xpt]mse.Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v sXmgn-em-fn-k-Jm-°ƒ henb IS -emkv Npcp´nIØn®p ]nSn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXv_wKm-fn¬ Hcp ]Xn-hm-sW∂vR߃ Adn-™p. AXv R߃°v]pXn-sbm-c-\p-̀ -h-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Rß-fpsS Iymºv t\XmPn

\K¿ kvIqfn-em-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v_wKm-fn¬ A¿[-̂ m-knÃv ̀ oI-cX\ne-\n∂-Im-ew. tIm¨{K-kn -s‚bpw Om{X-]-cn-j-Øn-s‚bpwKp≠-Iƒ Agn-™m-Sp-∂-Im-ew.hnZym-`ym-k-cw-KØv Acm-P-Im-hÿ. ]co£ IrXy-k-a-bØv \S-°n√. \S-∂m¬ Xs∂ Iq´-tIm-∏n-bSn. F{Xtbm kJm-°ƒ A∂vc‡-km-£n-I-fm-bn. `oI-cm-¥-co£w \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ I¬°-Ø-\-K-c-Øn¬ R߃ I\Ø s]m-eokv kpc-£-bnembn-cp-∂p. A∂vhf-≠n-b¿am-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ I≠Hcp hnZym¿Ynsb Rm\n-t∏mgpwHm¿°p-∂p. hnπ-h-`-´m-Nmcy. t]cvkqNn-∏n-°p∂ t]mse \√ Din-c≥hnπ-h-Im-cn. B hnZym¿Yn hf¿∂p-h-cp-sa∂v A∂p-Xs∂ F\n°vtXm∂n. A∂p Rß-tfm-sSm∏w k.Fkv cma-N-{µ≥]n≈bp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Ønse ]m¿´n Nm¿Pv Im-c≥ F∂ \ne-bn-emWv kJmhvRßsf A\p-K-an -®-Xv. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ Xan-gv\m-́ n¬ \n∂pwapØø (]-gb Xangv hnZym¿Ynt\Xmhpw Xo°-Xn¿ amkn-I-bpsSFUn-‰dpw am¿IvknÃp _p≤n-Po-hn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p kJm-hv) I¿Wm-SI{]Xn-\n-[n-Isf \bn-®Xv k: ]n cma-N-{µ-dmhp Bbn-cp-∂p. ]n¬°m-eØv At±lw kn ]n sF (Fw)s‚ I¿Wm-SI kwÿm-\-sk-{I-´-dn-bmbpw Fw F¬ F Bbpw{]h¿Øn®p. ]c∂ hmb-\-°m-c-\m-

bn-cp∂ cma-N-{µ-dm-hp, amÿ F∂

t]cn-emWv Adn-b-s∏-´-Xv. _wKm-

fn¬ \n∂p≈ {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf \bn-

®Xv {]tamZv Zmkv Kp]vXbmbn-cp-∂p.

B{‘ {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf \bn-®Xv

tUm. hnج. Iymºv 7 Znhkw

\o≠p-\n-∂p. ]m¿´n-bpsS tZiob

km∂n-[y-ambn \nd-™p-\n-∂-Xv,

A∂v P\-d¬ sk{I-´-dn-bm-bn-cp∂

k. ]n kpµ-c-ø.

Hmtcm kwÿm-\-Øp-\n∂pw

h∂ {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ AXXp kwÿm-

\-ß-fnse hnZym-`ym-k-cw-K-sØ-°p-

dn®pw X߃ \S-Ønb {]h¿Ø-\-

ß-sf-°p-dn®pw hni-Z-amb dnt∏m¿-

´nwKv \SØn. tIcf dnt∏m¿´v Ah-

X-cn-∏n-®Xv Rm\m-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥

dnt∏m¿´v Ah-X-cn-∏n®v Ign-™-

t∏mƒ kpµ-cø Ft∂mSp tNmZn-®p.

""tIc-f-Øn¬ F{X hnZym-`ymk

ÿm]-\-ß-fp≠v F{X hnZym¿Yn-I-

fp≠v''

R߃ ]c-kv]cw t\m°n.

R߃°-X-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. DS≥

Xs∂ sXep-¶m\m ka-c-\m-b-I≥

Xs‚ Ioi-bn¬ \n∂pw Hcp Ub-dn-

sb-SpØv t\m°n tIc-f-Øn¬ F{X

hnZym¿Yn-I-fp-s≠∂pw F{X hnZym-

e-b-ß-fp-s≠∂pw Rßsf [cn-∏n-

®p. B Ub-dn-bn¬ AsXms° hni-

Z-ambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. AXv hmbn-®-tijw At±lw

]d-™Xv C∂pw Rmt\m¿°p-∂p.

F{X Ip´n-I-fp-s≠∂pw F{X

hnZym-e-b-ß-fp-s≠∂pw Adn-bmsX

Fß-s\-bmWv \n߃ kwL-S\

sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. AØ-cw Imcy-

߃ kwL-S\m{]h¿Ø-I¿ ]Tn-®n-

cn-°-Ww. Cu kw`-h-Øn-\p-ti-jw,

hkvXp-X-Iƒ tiJ-cn-°pI F∂Xv

Rß-fpsS kwL-S-\m-{]-h¿Ø-\-

Øns‚ ̀ mK-am-bn. ]n∂oSv GXp IΩn-

‰n-bn¬ t]mhp-tºmgpw Bh-iy-amb

hnh-c-߃ R߃ tiJ-cn-°p-am-bn-

cp-∂p.

A∂sØ tZiob Iymºn¬ Anappeal to the Student Community

Fkv F^v sFbpsS BZy ktΩ-f\w F sI Pn D¬Lm-S\w sNøp∂p

20

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp tcJ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´p. BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ hnZym-¿Yn kaqlw t\cn-Sp∂ {]iv\-߃R߃ hni-I-e\w sNbvXp. BtcJ Fkv F^v sF F∂ t]cn¬Hcp ]pXnb tZiob kwL-S\ cq]o-I-cn-°Ww F∂ Bibw apt∂m-´p-sh-®p. kwL-S-\-bpsS cq]o-I-c-W-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃ \S-Øm≥ 14 t]c-S-ßnb Hcp {]n∏-td-‰dn IΩn‰n cq]w-sIm -≠p. AXns‚ I¨ho-\¿_na≥_-kp. tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂pwRm\pw kn ]n A_q-_-°dpwAXn¬ AwK-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p. IymºvIgn-™-tijw (H-IvtSm-_¿ 2,3 1970)I¬°-Ø-bnse UwU-an¬ {]n∏-td-‰dn IΩn-‰n -bpsS BZy-tbmKwtN¿∂p. C¥y≥ hnZym¿Yn s^U-td-js‚ {]Y-a-k-tΩ-f\w tIc-f-Øn¬ \S-Øm≥ B tbmKw Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Øp. A∂p sshIp-t∂cwUwU-anse ss¢lukv ssaXm-\n-bn¬ \S∂ s]mXp-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ]s¶-Sp-Øp. ktΩ-f-\-Ønse apJy-{]-̀ m-j-I≥ k. ]n kpµ-c-ø. {]tamZvZmkv Kp]vXbpw kwkm-cn-®p. Rm\m-bn-cp-∂p, A[y-£≥. ae-bm-f-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p Rm≥ {]kw-Kn-®-Xv. Fs‚{]kwKw A∂v tZim-`n-am\n I¬-°Ø teJ-I-\m-bn-cp∂ `mkvI-c-∏-Wn-°¿ X¿Pa sNbvXp (Kp-cp-hm-bq¿kztZ-in-bm-bn-cp∂ At±lw ASp-Ø-Im-e-ØmWv A¥-cn®Xv.) UwUwktΩ-f-\-Øn-\p-tijw tIcf hnZym-¿Yn s^U-td-js‚ kwÿm-\-I-Ωn‰n tbmKw tN¿∂p. Fkv F^vsF cq]o-I-cW ktΩ-f\w Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv \S-Øm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-´p. AXns‚ \S-Øn-∏n-\p-th≠nHcp kzmK-X-kw-Lhpw cq]w-sIm-≠p.AXns‚ sNb¿am≥, A∂v FwF¬ Fbpw πm\nw-Kvt_m¿Uv AwK-hp-am-bn-cp∂ Fw sI F lao-Zv.h¿°e cm[m-Ir-jvW≥, tZh-In-hm-cy¿ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ sshkv {]kn-U‚p-amcpw Rm≥ P\-d¬ sk{I-´-dn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v C∂sØ t]mse

]Ww ]ncn-shm∂pw C√m-bn-cp-∂p.AXp-sIm≠v kn F®v IWm-c≥Hcp \n¿tZ-iw-sh®p ˛ hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ kwL-ß-fmbn ]ncn-™v, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ F√m hoSp-IfpwIb-dn-bn-d-ßWw In´m-hp-∂{XkwJy ]ncn-s®-Sp-°-Ww. AXn\v\√ ^e-ap-≠mbn. B \n¿tZ-i-a-\p-kcn®v R߃ {]h¿Øn-®p.Aßs\ ktΩ-f\w Du¿Pn-X-ambn \S-∂p. ]t£, ]{X-߃,s^U-td-js‚ t\sc apJw Xncn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v ae-bm-f-]-{X-ß-sfm∂pw Xs∂ Rß-fpsShm¿Ø-Iƒ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ sI Fkv bphns‚ hm¿Ø-Iƒ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw.R߃ Nne ]{Xw Hm^o-kp-Iƒkµ--in®v Rß-fpsS hm¿Ø-IfpwsImSp-°-W-sa∂v At]-£n-®p.

Xncp -h-\-¥-]pcw ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]XmI Db¿Øn-bXv _na≥-_kp Bbn-cp-∂p. F√m {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°pw ^b¬ sImSp-°-W-sa∂v R߃ ]d-™-t∏mƒ knF®v IWm-c≥ ]d™p: ""AXn-s‚-sbm∂pw Bh-iy-an√'' Ah-km\wRß-fpsS \n¿_-‘w-aqew sN-dnb Hmtcm ̂ b¬ \¬Im≥ kΩ-Xn-®p. ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ {]ko-Un-

bsØ \nb-{¥n-®Xv Dta-{µ-Ip-am¿,kn ]n A_q-_-°¿, iymaƒ N{I-_¿Øn F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. DZvLm-S-I≥ F sI Pn. Fkv F^v sFbpsS ]m¿´n Nm¿Pp-≠m-bn-cp∂]m¿´n P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn ]n kpµ-cø kZ- n-en-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hni-Z-amb N¿®-Iƒ°p-tijw kwL-S-\-bpsS ̀ mc-hm-ln-Isf sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. Rm≥ {]kn-U‚ v, _na≥_kpP\-d¬ sk{I-́ -dn, F≥ dmw, _m_p-`-c-Zzm-Pv, ]n a[p, i‡n-[¿ ZmkvF∂n-h¿ sshkv {]kn-U‚p-am¿. ]na[p At∏mƒ cmPy-k`m saº-dm-Wv.i‡n-[¿Zmkv, tIm¨{K-kns‚ A`n-`m-j-I-\pw. tPmbn‚ v sk{I-´-dn-am¿aWnIv k¿°m¿, kp`mjv N{I-_¿Øn, iymaƒ N{I-_¿Øn (C-t∏mƒ ]m¿´n tI{µ IΩn‰n saº¿),_¬tZ-hvknMv F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.cRvP≥ tKmkzman JPm≥Pn-bmbnXnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. (Cu kJmhvXnc-s™-Sp∏p {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ ]n¬°m-eØv sIme-sN-ø-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p)

(Fkv F v̂ sF cq]o-I-c-W-Øns‚\m¬∏Xmw hm¿jn-I-∏-Xn-∏mb

ÃpU‚n¬ kJmhv Ah-km-\-ambnFgp-Xnb teJ-\-Øn¬ \n∂v)

sIm¬°Ø ktΩ-f\ thZn-bn¬ (1978)

CS-Øp-\n∂v he-tØm v́: km[≥Kp-]vX, kp`m-jvN-{I-h¿Øn, kn `mkvI-c≥, _na≥ _kp, D¬∏¬ZØv

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø21

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

kn `mkvI-cs‚ th¿]m-tSmsSkn ]n sF (Fw)\p \jvS-am-bXvAhn-`‡ ]m¿´n-bpsS `n∂n-∏n-\p-tijw hnZym¿Yn {]ÿm-\-Øn¬ Db-¿-∂p-h∂ Hcp AXn-Im-b-s\-bm-Wv.

Fkv F^v sF tIc-f-Øn¬hf¿∂p ]¥-en-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bXvkn `mkvI-c≥ AXns‚ Aa-c-Øp-≈-Im-e-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. ]m¿´n-bpsSt]mjI kwL-S-\-I-fmbn h¿K˛_-lp-P\ kwL-S-\-Isf ImWp-∂XvtIm¨{K-kn-s‚bpw a‰pw ImgvN-∏m-Sm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-ambn ]ptcm-K-a\ ImgvN-∏m-tSm-sSbpw P\m-[n-]Xy kwL-S-\m-ssi-en-tbm-sSbpw kn ]n sF (Fw)AXns‚ h¿K ˛ _lp-P\ kwL-S-\-Isf {]h¿Øn-∏n-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bXv Ahbv°p hn]p-e-amb ASn-Ød sI´n-∏-Sp-°m≥ klm-b-I-am-bn.

Fkv F^v sF sb Cu Bi-b-tØmsS sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pNcn-{Xw, `qan-im-kv{Xw, kwkvIm-cw, imkv{Xw apX-emb hnhn[hnj-b-ß-fn -e-S°w hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ°v Xm¬∏cyhpw ImgvN-∏mSpw\¬Im-\mbn ]T-\-kvIq-fp-IƒkwL-Sn-∏n-®p. AXn¬ kwÿm-\sØ hnhn[ _u≤n-I-ta-J-e-I-fnse {]K-¤sc ]s¶-Sp-∏n-®p. CXvFkv F^v sF sb°p-dn®v hyXy-kvX-amb [mcW ]c-Øm≥ klm-bn-®p.

an\-s°-´n-cp∂p hmbn-°m\pwXs‚ Ip\p-Ip-\m-bp≈ ssI∏-S-bn¬ Fgp-Xm\pw F{X-t\-c-sa-Sp-Ømepw `mkvI-c\p apjnhv tXm-∂nbncp∂n-√. B ]c∂ hmb-\-bp-sSbpw Fgp-Øn-s‚bpw ^e-߃

AXpey kwLm-S-I-\mb kn `mkvI-c≥

"Nn¥'bpsS Xmfp-I-fn¬ am{X-ambnHXp-ßp-∂n-√. \nc-h[n ]pkvX-I-ßfpw eLp-te-J-I-fp-ambn Ah{]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-́ n-́ p≠v.

B\p-Im-en-I-ßfpw ]pkvX-I-ßfpw tiJ-cn®p kq£n-°pI At±-l-Øns‚ ioe-am-bn-cp-∂p. CX-dn-bm-hp∂ ]ecpw At±-l-Øn\p ]eA]q¿h IrXn-Ifpw kq£n-®p-sh-°m-\mbn \¬IpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.At±-l-Øns‚ Cu ioew Nn¥]ªn-tjgvkn\p ]e ]pkvXI kam-lm-c-߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pklm-b-I-am-bn. C Fw Fkv, ]ntKmhn-µ-∏n≈ XpSßn ]e-cp-sSbpwteJ-\-k-am-lm-c-߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p ̀ mkvI-cs‚ CuSp-sh∏vHcp Aaq-ey-J-\n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

(Nn¥ hmcn-I, 2011 G{]n¬ 22)

kn ]n \mcm-b-W≥

k. C sI \mb-\m¿s°m∏w Hcp NS-ßn¬

Hm¿a

22

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø

k¿,

Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkn¬ \n∂pw Ab® Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø (s^-{_p-h-cn) e`n-®p. Ab®p X∂-

Xn¬ \µn ]d-bp-∂p. CXn-eqsS Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-߃ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm\pw Ign™p. Nn¥-bn¬ \n∂pw

]e ]pkvX-I-ßfpw ap≥]v Rm≥ hmßn-bn-´p-≠v.

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬, te Hu´v F√mw hfsc at\m-l-c-am-bn-´p-≠v. {io. H F≥

hn Ipdp∏n\v tS_nƒ Ie-≠¿ Nn¥ kΩm-\n-®-Xn¬ kt¥m-j-ap-≠v. Nn¥-bpsS Nne ]pkvX-I-

߃°mbn M O Ab-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø XpS¿∂pw Ab-°p-I.

kpPmXv tPmk^v, sNss∂ 18

Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Adn-bm≥

Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkn-te°v cN-\-I-f-bbv-°p-tºmƒ IrXn-bpsS tIm∏n cN-bn-Xmhv kq£n-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv. {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-tbm-Ky-a-√mØ IrXn-Iƒ aS°n Ab-bv°p-∂-X-√.

kl-I-cWw {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≠vP\-d¬ amt\-P¿ / FUn-‰¿

Nn¥ ]ªn-tjgvkv

IØp-Iƒ

Fkv F^v sF I¬°Ø s]mXpktΩ-f\ thZn-bn¬{]Imiv Imcm-´n-t\m-sSm∏w kn `mkvI-c≥

Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Ø23

kn `mkvI-c\v BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

P\-Iob tUmIvS-sd∂ JymXn t\Snb tUm. ]nsI B¿ hmcy¿ Hm¿a-bm-bn. Iayq-WnÃv BZ¿i-߃

Db¿Øn-∏n -Sn®v Pohn® tUmIvS-dpsS Pohn-Xw,

BtcmKy tkh-\-cw-KØv XnI™ amXr-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

lrZ-b-an-√mØ temI-Øn\v "lrZbw' \¬Inb

tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw.

BZy-Ime kmaq-ly-]-cn-jvI¿Ømhv Bcy-]-≈-

Øns‚ aI-fpw alnfm Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ kwÿm\

{]kn-U‚p-am-bn-cp∂ ]tc-X-bmb tZh-In-hm-cy-cmWv

`mcy. Hcp k¿Ps‚ Hm¿a-Ip-dn-∏p-Iƒ, A\p-`-h-߃

A\p-̀ m-h-߃, hn{K-l-Ønse XI¿® (I-Y-Iƒ) F∂n-

h-bmWv ]pkvX-I-߃.

BXp-c-tk-h\w ]W-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿K-am-

bn-°m-Wp∂ ka-Im-eo-\-Po-hn-X-ssi-en-bn¬\n∂p

thdn´ Hcp ]mX-bm-bn-cp∂p tUm. ]n sI B¿ hmcy-cp-

tS-Xv. sshZy-tk-h-\-Øns‚ Hcp Ime-L´w tUm. hmcy-

cpsS Nc-a-tØmsS Ah-km-\n-°p-I-bm-Wv. a{Zm-kn¬

sshZy-]-T-\-tØm-sSm∏w hnZym¿Yn kwL-S-\m-{]-h¿Ø-

\-Ønepw kPo -h -amb At±lw AJn -te¥ym

ÃpU‚ vkv s^U-td-js‚ t\Xr-ÿm-\-hp-a-e-¶-cn-®n-

´p≠v. c≠mw temI-a-lm-bp-≤-Im-eØv _wKm-fn¬

£mahpw AtXm-sSm∏w ]I¿®-hym-[nbpw ]S¿∂p-]n-

Sn-®-t∏mƒ hnZym¿Yn {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn

At±lw {]Xn-tcm[ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-́ p. 1945¬

IÆq-cn¬ hkqcn ]S¿∂p-]n-Sn-®-t∏mgpw tUmIvS¿ BXp-

c-tk-h-\ -{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ kPo-h-ambn.

Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Imsc Iq´-tØmsS ]ncn-®p-hn-´-t∏mƒ

a{Zmkv k¿ho-kn¬\n∂v tUm. hmcy¿ \njvIm-kn-X-

\m-bn. i‡-amb kΩ¿Z-Øns‚ ^e-ambn At±-

lsØ Xncn-s®-Sp-Øp. a{Zmkv kwÿm-\-Øns‚ `mK-

am-bn-cp∂ t^m¿´p-sIm-®n-bnse k¿°m-cm-ip-]-{Xn-

bnepw At±lw tkh-\-a-\p-jvSn-®p. ]n∂oSv Xncp-h-\-

¥-]p-c-tØ°v At±lw ÿew am‰-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ

t^m¿´p-sIm-®n-°m¿ hmhn´p Ic-™p-sIm-≠mWv At±-

lsØ bm{X-bm-°n-b-sX∂p Ncn-{Xw.

tUm. hmcy-cpsS A\p-̀ -h-߃ A\p-̀ m-h-߃ A`n-

am-\-tØm-sS-bmWv Nn¥ ]pkvX-I-ambn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-

®-Xv. AXn\v kmlnXy A°m-Z-an-bpsS Ahm¿Upw

e`n-®p. k. hmcy-cpsS kvac-W-bv°p-ap-∂n¬ Nn¥

{]h¿Ø-I¿ inckp \an-°p-∂p.

ImewNcn-{XwPohn-XwImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ...ae-bm-f-Øns‚Iayq-Wn-Ãv k¿P≥A\p-̀ -h-߃ ]¶p-h-bv°p∂p

tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv e`n® IrXn

A\p-`-h-߃A\p-`m-h-߃tUm. ]n sI B¿ hmcy¿

tUm. ]n sI B¿ hmcy¿°vNn¥-bpsS BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ

150

1921-2011

BLUE GOLDThe Fight to Stop the CorporateTheft of the World’s WaterMaude Barlow, Tony ClarkeBlue Gold captures in striking detailthe forces behind the increasingdepletion of the World’s fresh waterand the human and ecological impacts.Left word 250

MARXISM AND LITERATURERaymond Williams“Marxism and Literature, one ofRaymond William’s truly path breakingbooks, has survived its historicalmoment and continues to exert afascinating force” – Terry Eagleton.Oxford University Press 295

SELECTED WRITINGS OF JOTIRAO PHULEEdited, with annotations and introduction,

by G P DeshpandeJoitirao Phule (1827-1890) was India’s first systematictheorist of Caste and the most radical 19th centuryopponent of its who, desired nothing less than a completesmashing cup of its oppressive structure. This volumemakes available his most important prose writing.

Left word 350

LENIN AND PHILOSOPHY AND OTHER ESSAYSLouis Althusser“Today we are in a position to return to Althusser’s work in a new wayand make a new assessment of it” writer Frederic Jamson in hisintroduction to the new edition of Louis Althusser’s Lenin andPhilosophy.Aakar Books 295

ESSAYS ON MARX’S THEORY OF VALUEI I Rubin

Revealing the basic principles of Marxian PoliticalEconomic Theory. “Political economy is not the study ofprices or scarce resources; it is a study of social relation,a study of culture”

Aakar Books 325

FEMINIST FRAMEWORKSLisa S PriceAn outline to radical feminism and it practice, criticizingthe violence against women and children.Aakar Books 175

DESHABHIMANI BOOK HOUSE / CHINTHA PUBLISHERSpb no: 172, thiruvananthapuramphone: 0471-2330426, 2330522

]´w tI{µob hnZym-e-b-Ønse AΩp F∂

hnZym¿Yn\n-bpsS acp-∂p-]p-c-́ m≥th≠n apdn-

hp-≠m-°p-∂-bmƒ F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øns‚

{]Im-i\w ⁄m\-]oTtPXmhv H F≥ hn

Ipdp∏v \n¿h-ln-®p. {]n≥kn-∏mƒ kn ]n

Ipam-c≥ ]pkvXIw G‰p-hm-ßn. {]ikvX

Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ s]cp-º-Shw {io[-c≥ A[y-

£-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Nn¥ ]ªn-tjgvkv P\-d¬

amt\-P¿ hn sI tPmk v̂ ]pkvX-I-]-cn-Nbw

\n¿h-ln®p. kvIqƒ sU]yq´n eoU¿

A]¿W B¿ Ipdp∏v kzmKXhpw Nn¥

]ªn-tjgvkv k_v FUn-‰¿ cmtPjv Nnd-

∏mSv \µnbpw ]d-™p.

Nn¥-bpsS ]pXnb ]pkvXIw

\ΩpsS Pohn-XsØ Nqgv∂p \n¬°p-Ibpw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sm-\m-hm-Ø-

sX∂v \mw Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ssZh-hn-izm-kw, aXw, PmXn XpS-ßnb

hnj-b-ß-sf- Hcp ]{¥≠v hb-kp-Imcn ChnsS hnNm-cW sNøpIbm-Wv.

Hcp ]{¥≠p hb-kp-Im-cn-bpsS "ssZh-hn-Nm-c-߃'

]Xn-s\m∂p hb-kp-Im-cn-bpsS Nn{X-߃

AΩpNn{Xo-I-cWw: amf-hnI ]n

40

tZim-`n-am\n _p°vlukvtZim-`n-am\n _p°vlukv

Nn¥ _pIvkv tIm¿W-dp-Iƒ

U¬ln : tIcfm ¢∫v, sNss∂ : ssªkv _pIvkv 044-23774373 _mw•q¿ : ]n kXojv Ipam¿ s]cn-¥¬aÆ : i‡n _p°vkv 04933-225264 tIm´bw : {Km‚ v _pIvkv, Sn _n tdmUv 0481-2566800 sNß-∂q¿ : _pIvtem¿ 0479-2453246, 9447439953 Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw : apKn\n _pIvtjm∏v 9387730418

tIcf _pIvam¿°-‰nMv skmssk-‰nbpsS- F√m ]pkvX-I-im-J-I-fn-epw,tIcf _pIvam¿°-‰nMv skmssk-‰nbpsS- F√m ]pkvX-I-im-J-I-fn-epw,tIcf _pIvam¿°-‰nMv skmssk-‰nbpsS- F√m ]pkvX-I-im-J-I-fn-epw,tIcf _pIvam¿°-‰nMv skmssk-‰nbpsS- F√m ]pkvX-I-im-J-I-fn-epw,tIcf _pIvam¿°-‰nMv skmssk-‰nbpsS- F√m ]pkvX-I-im-J-I-fn-epw,kn sF kn kn _p°vluknepw Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ ]pkvX-I-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wvkn sF kn kn _p°vluknepw Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ ]pkvX-I-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wvkn sF kn kn _p°vluknepw Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ ]pkvX-I-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wvkn sF kn kn _p°vluknepw Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ ]pkvX-I-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wvkn sF kn kn _p°vluknepw Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkns‚ ]pkvX-I-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv

hmb-\-°m-cpsS {i≤bv°vNn¥ ]pkvX-I-hm¿Øsb-°p-dn-®p≈ \nß-fpsS hne-tb-dnb

A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw \n¿tZ-i-ßfpw FgpXn Adn-bn-°pI

IÆq¿ : F≥ Pn H bqWn-b≥ _n¬Un-Mvkv, IÆq¿ 0497-2700477

IÆq¿ : sk≥{S¬ _kvsS¿an-\¬ tImwπ-Ivkv, Xmh-°c 0497-2702400

tImgn-t°mSv : amhq¿ tdmUv, Sn hn- F-kn\p kao-]w, tImgn-t°mSv 0495-2723528

tImgn-t°mSv : sF Pn tdmUv, tIm¿∏-td-j≥ _kvtÃ-j≥, tImgn-t°mSv 0495-2727201

Xr»q¿ : tZim-̀ n-am\n _p°v lukv, a®n-߬ sebv≥, Xr»q¿ 9037352833

Fd-Wm-Ipfw : sI Fkv B¿ Sn kn _kv tÃj≥, Fd-Wm-Ipfw 0484-2361055

Be-∏pg : sI Fkv B¿ Sn kn _kv tÃj≥, Be-∏pg 0477-2261030

Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw : Hmh¿{_nUvPv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 0471-4068178

IqSmsX tIc-f-Øn-se F√m {Kma-ß-fnepw \K-c-ß-fnepwk©-cn-°p∂ Nn¥-bpsS ]pkvX-Ih≠nbpw

GP≥kn-Iƒ

Imk¿tKmUv : ]pXn-b-tIm-́ , Im™-ßmSv 0467-2205820, 9496146812]ø-∂q¿ : tZim-̀ n-am\n _p°vlu-kv, sabn≥ tdmUv, ]ø-∂q¿ 9562282676hb-\mSv : ]gb ap\nkn-∏¬ _kvÃm‚ v, I¬∏‰ 9495544012hb-\mSv : tImtfPv tdmUv, tIm -́°p-∂v, kp¬Øm≥_-tØcn 04936-228022tImgn-t°mSv : \yq _kvÃm‚ v, hS-Ic 9495611063Fd-Wm-Ipfw : Ieq¿, sIm®n 9995289118Fd-Wm-Ipfw : ssh∏n≥ _kvÃm‚ v, ssh∏n≥ 0484-2503463Fd-Wm-Ipfw : s\Sp-ºm-t»cn Fb¿t]m¿´v, sIm®n 0484-2610064tIm´bw : t]mÃm-̂ okv tdmUv, tIm -́bw 9400281069

{_m©p-Iƒ{_m©p-Iƒ

Nn¥ ]ªn-tjgvkv tZim-`n-am\n tdmUv, PB No: 172, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-˛1phone: 0471 2330426, 4068179, 2330522 fax: 2330522

email : chinthapublishers@gmail.com website: www.chinthapublishers.com

-FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ hn`mKw : 0471-4060686