Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Applying science and engineering totoday’s environmental and energy

challenges

An Introduction to theIdaho National Engineering and

Environmental Laboratory

Kevin Kostelnik, Environmental Systems

October 17, 2003

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental LaboratoryU.S. DOE National Laboratories

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

The INEEL . . . is located on 890 square miles (569,135 acres)

1940 Naval Gunnery Range1950 National Reactor Testing Station

• Experimental Breeder Reactor No. I – First Electric Power• 52 Nuclear Reactors

1974 Designated Multi-program National Laboratory1999 Nuclear Energy Lead Laboratory2000 Environmental Management Lead Laboratory

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Idaho Falls Facilities

INEEL’s unique capabilities support variousnational and international customers

Test Reactor Area (TRA)

Idaho Nuclear Technology &Engineering Center (INTEC)

Test Area North (TAN)

Central Facilities Area (CFA)

Radioactive Waste ManagementComplex (RWMC)

Naval Reactors Facility(NRF)

Argonne National Laboratory-West (ANL-W)

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

• Nuclear Energy Research

• National Security

• Environmental Management

• Energy & Environmental Science

INEEL is a multi-program National Laboratory

Develop and transfer advanced technologysolutions to national and international needs

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Grand Challenges

• Environmental Sustainabilityrequires an improvedunderstanding of the subsurface

• Energy Sustainability requiresdevelopment of new energyalternatives

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

INEEL is located above the Snake River Aquifer

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Environmental Sustainability requires an improvedunderstanding of the Subsurface

• Protection of the world’saquifers

• Containment of hazardousmaterials

• Improved interpretation andprediction of contaminantfate and transport

• Identification,characterization, andutilization of energy reserves

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Inadequate understanding leads tounreliable models• Technology for characterizing

subsurface properties andheterogeneities

• Data sets for model calibrationand validation

• Data to scale up fromlaboratory to field

• Understanding the couplingamong processes

Geocentrifuge Research Laboratory – an INEEL User-Facility

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

• Measures pressure and temperature in vadose zone

• 500 ft. depths

• Automated and continuous data collection

• Design life >30 yrs

• Direct measurement

Advanced Tensiometers

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Surface and Cross-Borehole RadarTomography to develop better constrainedinversion of surface-based radar data

Knowntarget

Surface Radar Measurements

Surface to Borehole Radar Measurements

ε = 4.7

ε = 80

Substance Dielectric constantQuartz 4.7Shale 13-15water 80CCl4 2.2TCE 7.2

Tank

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Electrical Resistance TomographySystem Monitors Ruby Gulch AcidRock Drainage

• 270-acre Gilt Edge Mine site in South Dakota• 70-acre isolation-containment facility• 650-electrode array of down-hole and surface electrodes• Autonomous, remotely controllable data acquisition

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Enhanced Bioremediation andNatural Attenuation at INEEL

• Cost effective alternativeto groundwater Pumpand Treat

• Significantly reducedremediation time

• No generation ofsecondary wastestreams

• Cost Savings: $14M• Schedule: 50% reduction• Licensed to Northwind

Environmental

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Horizontal Subsurface Barrier forcontaminant isolation

� Creates a verifiablehorizontal subsurfacebarrier in situ

� Series of interlockedhorizontal tubes

� Integrated withsensors forverification and long-term monitoring

� Development Partner• Obayashi Corp.

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Energy Sustainability requires developmentof improved and new energy alternatives

• Nuclear• Hydrogen• Renewable

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Current Hydrocarbon Fuel Chain

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Generation IV Nuclear Technology

• Very-high Temperature Reactor• Molten Salt Reactor• Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor• Supercritical-water Cooled Reactor• Gas-cooled Fast Reactor• Lead-cooled Fast Reactor

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Hydrogen as an Alternate Fuel

• Energy security- Less dependence on imported sources

• Clearer- No greenhouse gas emissions

“Splitting Water”

• Conventional electrolysis• Nuclear assisted steam methane reforming• Thermochemical cycles• High temperature electrolysis

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Using Hydrogen in Real Life• INEEL is the technical manager for a hydrogen fueling

station operated by Arizona Public Service– Dispenses hydrogen, CNG or hydrogen/CNG blend

– Tests vehicles, over 170,000 combined miles to date

– Monitors vehicle emissions to meet air quality standards

Phoenix, AR

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Compressed and LiquefiedNatural Gas Infrastructure

Low-cost small scale natural gasliquefaction plants provide a reliablesource of alternate fuel for consumers

Sacramento, CA

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Yellowstone National Park UsingAlternate Fuels Vehicle

• Modern version of traditional park bus• Clean/low-emissions• Alternative Fuels

– Compressed and LiquefiedNatural Gas, Ethanol, Propane,Hydrogen

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Bioenergy Research - Whole Crop Utilization

Developments for the costeffective utilization of cropresiduals

� create new industry

� revitalize ruraleconomies

� additional revenuesource for farmers

� lessen dependenceon foreign oil

Single-pass, multiple-function vehicle that harvests and bales.

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

IndustryARi, Arkenol, CNH Global, Cargill-Dow, Iogen, Cargill, Cummins,ValvolineUniversitiesUniv. of Idaho, Iowa State, Univ. ofKentucky, Univ. of Tennessee,Washington State, Penn StateGrowersNational Association of WheatGrowers, Idaho WheatCommission, Grant 4-D Farms,Martin Farms, Holmes Farms,Hess Farms, Iowa and MinnesotaCorn Promotion BoardsNational LaboratoriesORNL, PNNL, ANL, NREL

INEEL Bioenergy FeedstockResearch Institute

Farms of the future will produce food, fiber and bioenergy/bioproducts feedstocks.

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Take away thoughts on INEEL

• A multi-program, applied engineering laboratory– Environmental– Energy

• Unique capabilities and resources are available• Advanced technology solutions for national and

international needs• Various mechanisms exist for collaborative partnerships

– Private sector– Universities– Government