Applying IBM Security solutions to the NIST · PDF fileIBM Software Thought Leadership White Paper August 2014 Applying IBM Security solutions to the NIST Cybersecurity Framework Help

IBM Software

Thought Leadership White Paper

August 2014

Applying IBM Security solutions to the NIST Cybersecurity FrameworkHelp avoid gaps in security and compliance coverage as threats and business requirements change

2 Applying IBM Security solutions to the NIST Cybersecurity Framework

IntroductionApproaching risk management and security frameworks is not a simple exercise. With cyber threats changing all the time—and with them, an organization’s business environment and ability to meet new changing requirements—the ability to apply new risk strategies is critical. Such strategies are applied to the differing levels of security needed in order to evolve and support business operations and risk, not simply as an effort in compliance.

Using the Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity,1 a set of guidelines and practices created by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), provides government and non-government organizations with a vital first step toward managing cyber-security risk. Moving forward, organizations need solutions that not only satisfy the NIST Cybersecurity Framework at the time of deployment but that also enable continued security as threats and business needs change and evolve.

This white paper will enumerate the Core Practices created in the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (referred to as the “NIST framework”) and map each category and subcategory to the IBM solutions that can help meet the specific requirements.

The components of the NIST frameworkThe NIST framework contains five categories of “core” func-tions that are necessary to achieving cyber security: Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond and Recover. Each of these categories is subdivided into as many as 11 subcategories that describe actions or processes that support the function. With a total of nearly 90 subcategories in the NIST framework, the challenge then becomes how to ensure the organization has the solutions and capabilities it needs to use the framework as a key strategic element in the ongoing processes of managing risk.

Key steps in utilizing the NIST framework are to identify the organization’s “implementation tier”—a designation that indicates the degree to which the organization’s cyber-security solutions are achieving the risk tolerance of subcategories—and

to establish a “framework profile”—desired outcomes from using the NIST framework in both the current and future timeframes. Periodic reviews of needs and capabilities are central to the framework’s ongoing effectiveness.

When applying the NIST framework, organizations must pay close attention to shifting threats and the constant need to improve their ability to meet the suggested best practices within the NIST subcategories.

Organizations that have no security strategy, that have adopted security measures only in response to specific threats, or that have implemented solutions only because they have been mandated will require more thorough planning and strategy to utilize the NIST framework within their business operations.

IBM Security solutions for evolving needsIBM® Security solutions provide a comprehensive portfolio that can address the NIST framework core categories and subcatego-ries, implementation tiers and framework profiles, while also enabling organizations to advance through the tiers and close gaps to meet their risk goals and objectives. Many IBM solutions address multiple core subcategories with integrated functions that are critical to ensuring cost-efficiency, simplifying manage-ment, and providing the scalability and f lexibility necessary to avoid gaps in coverage as threats evolve and change.

For organizations just beginning to use the NIST framework, IBM Security solutions provide a manageable starting point. For organizations with more mature security strategies and more complex and demanding protection needs, IBM Security solu-tions provide comprehensive controls and integrated actions to support strict risk profiles.

The tables on the following pages demonstrate how the entire span of the IBM Security portfolio—including products and services—can help organizations achieve the insight, understand-ing and management capabilities necessary to identify vulnera-bilities, protect assets, control access and manage cyber-security risks.

3IBM Software

Identify

Category Subcategory IBM offerings

Asset Management ID.AM-1: Physical devices and systems within the

organization are inventoried.

IBM Security QRadar® Vulnerability Manager,

IBM Endpoint Manager, IBM Security Access Manager

ID.AM-2: Software platforms and applications within

the organization are inventoried.

QRadar Vulnerability Manager, Endpoint Manager,

Fiberlink,* IBM Security AppScan®

ID.AM-3: The organizational communication and data flow

is mapped.

IBM Security QRadar SIEM, IBM Global Technology

Services® – Information Security Framework

ID.AM-4: External information systems are mapped

and cataloged.

IBM Security QRadar, Global Technology Services –

Information Security Framework, IBM Global Business

Services®, IBM OpenPages®, IBM i2® Intelligence

Analysis Platform

ID.AM-5: Resources are prioritized based on the classifica-

tion/criticality/business value of hardware, devices, data

and software.

QRadar SIEM, QRadar Vulnerability Manager, IBM Security

AppScan, IBM Security Access Manager, OpenPages,

Global Technology Services – Security policy planning and

development, Global Business Services

ID.AM-6: Workforce roles and responsibilities for business

functions, including cyber security, are established.

IBM Security Identity Manager, IBM Security Privileged

Identity Manager, IBM Security Access Manager,

Global Technology Services – Industrial Controls

Cybersecurity Consulting, Global Business Services

Business Environment ID.BE-1: The organization’s role in the supply chain is

identified and communicated.

Global Technology Services, Global Business Services

ID.BE-2: The organization’s place in critical

infrastructure and their industry ecosystem is

identified and communicated.


Cybersecurity consulting, Global Business Services

ID.BE-3: Priorities for organizational mission,

objectives and activities are established.

Global Technology Services – Security policy planning

and development, Global Business Services, OpenPages,

IBM Cognos®

ID.BE-4: Dependencies and critical functions for delivery of

critical services are established.

QRadar SIEM, IBM Security QRadar Risk Manager,



ID.BE-5: Resilience requirements to support delivery of

critical services are established.

Global Technology Services – Security Risk Assessment,

Global Business Services, QRadar SIEM,

QRadar Risk Manager


Identify


Governance ID.GV-1: Organizational information security policy is

established.

OpenPages, Global Technology Services – Security policy

planning and development, Global Business Services,

QRadar SIEM, QRadar Risk Manager, IBM Security

SiteProtector™ System

ID.GV-2: Information security roles and responsibility

are coordinated and aligned.

IBM Security Identity Manager, IBM Security Access

Manager, OpenPages, Global Technology Services –

Identity assessment and strategy, Global Business

Services, i2 Intelligence Analysis Platform

ID.GV-3: Legal and regulatory requirements regarding

cyber security, including privacy and civil liberties

obligations, are understood and managed.

OpenPages, Global Technology Services – Industrial

Controls Cybersecurity Consulting, Global Business

Services, QRadar Risk Manager

ID.GV-4: Governance and risk management processes

address cyber-security risks.

QRadar SIEM, QRadar Risk Manager, OpenPages,

Global Technology Services – Security Risk Assessment,

Global Business Services

Protect


Access Control ID.RA-1: Asset vulnerabilities are identified and

documented.


Identity Manager, IBM Security Access Manager

ID.RA-2: Threat and vulnerability information is received

from information-sharing forums and sources.


Cybersecurity Consulting, Global Business Services

ID.RA-3: Threats to organizational assets are identified

and documented.


Identity Manager, IBM Security Access Manager, Global

Technology Services – Industrial Controls Cybersecurity

Consulting, IBM Information Security Assessment

ID.RA-4: Potential impacts are analyzed. IBM Security Access Manager, IBM Tivoli® Federated

Identity Manager, IBM Security Access Manager for

Enterprise Single Sign-On, Global Technology Services –

Industrial Controls Cybersecurity Consulting

ID.RA-5: Risk responses are identified. QRadar Vulnerability Manager, SiteProtector System

5IBM Software

Protect


Awareness and Training PR.AT-1: General users are informed and trained. Global Technology Services, Global Business Services

PR.AT-2: Privileged users understand roles and

responsibilities.

Global Technology Services – Identity assessment

and strategy, Global Business Services,

IBM Security Privileged Identity Manager, OpenPages

PR.AT-3: Third-party stakeholders (suppliers, customers,

partners) understand roles and responsibilities.

Global Technology Services, Global Business Services,

OpenPages

PR.AT-4: Senior executives understand roles and

responsibilities.

Global Technology Services – Identity assessment and

strategy, Global Business Services, OpenPages

PR.AT-5: Physical and information security personnel

understand roles and responsibilities.

Global Technology Services – Identity assessment

and strategy, Global Business Services, OpenPages,

i2 Intelligence Analysis Platform

Data Security PR.DS-1: Data at rest is protected. IBM Tivoli Storage Manager, IBM InfoSphere® Optim™

PR.DS-2: Data in motion is secured. IBM Security Key Lifecycle Manager

PR.DS-3: Assets are formally managed throughout

removal, transfers and disposition.

QRadar SIEM, Tivoli Storage Manager, Global Technology

Services – Data security strategy and assessment

PR.DS-4: Adequate capacity to ensure availability is

maintained.


PR.DS-5: There is protection against data leaks. QRadar SIEM, SiteProtector System,

IBM Power Systems™ GX adapters, IBM InfoSphere

Guardium®, Global Technology Services – Endpoint &

network data loss prevention

PR.DS-6: Intellectual property is protected. QRadar SIEM, Tivoli Storage Manager,

IBM Security Key Lifecycle Manager, InfoSphere Guardium,

Global Technology Services – Endpoint and network data

loss prevention

PR.DS-7: Unnecessary assets are eliminated. Tivoli, QRadar SIEM, Endpoint Manager

PR.DS-8: Separate testing environments are used in

system development.

Global Technology Services – Data security strategy and

assessment, Global Business Services

PR.DS-9: Privacy of individuals and personally identifiable

information (PII) is protected.

InfoSphere Optim, InfoSphere Guardium, Power Systems

GX adapters, QRadar SIEM, IBM Security Access Manager


Protect


Information Protection PR.IP-1: A baseline configuration of information

technology/operational technology systems is created.

QRadar SIEM, Endpoint Manager

PR.IP-2: A system development lifecycle to manage

systems is implemented.

Global Technology Services – Cybersecurity Assessment

and Response, Global Business Services

PR.IP-3: Configuration change control processes are

in place.

IBM Tivoli Configuration Manager, Endpoint Manager,

QRadar SIEM

PR.IP-4: Backups of information are managed. Tivoli Storage Manager

PR.IP-5: Policy and regulations regarding the physical

operating environment for organizational assets are met.

Global Business Services, Global Technology Services –

Industrial Controls Cybersecurity Consulting

PR.IP-6: Information is destroyed according to policy

and requirements.

Global Business Services, Global Technology Services,

Tivoli Storage Manager

PR.IP-7: Protection processes are continuously improved. Global Business Services, Global Technology Services

PR.IP-8: Information sharing occurs with

appropriate parties.

IBM X-Force® research and development team

PR.IP-9: Response plans (business continuity plan(s),

disaster recovery plan(s), incident handling plan(s) are

in place and managed.

Global Business Services, IBM IT Emergency Response

Services

PR.IP-10: Response plans are exercised. Global Business Services, IBM IT Emergency Response

Services

PR.IP-11: Cyber security is included in human resources

practices (including de-provisioning, personnel screening

and others).


Manager

7IBM Software

Protect


Maintenance PR.MA-1: Maintenance and repair of organizational assets

is performed and logged in a timely manner, with approved

and controlled tools.

QRadar SIEM

PR.MA-2: Remote maintenance of organizational

assets is approved, logged and performed in a manner

that prevents unauthorized access and supports

availability requirements for important operational and

information systems.

QRadar SIEM, IBM Security Identity Manager, Fiberlink*

Protective Technology PR.PT-1: Audit and log records are stored in accordance

with audit policy.

QRadar SIEM, QRadar Risk Manager, Global Technology

Services – Security policy planning and development

PR.PT-2: Removable media are protected according to a

specified policy.

System Storage, Tivoli Storage Manager,

Endpoint Manager

PR.PT-3: Access to systems and assets is appropriately

controlled.


Manager, Global Business Services, Global Technology

Services – Security policy planning and development

PR.PT-4: Communications networks are secured. SiteProtector System, Power Systems GX adapters

PR.PT-5: Specialized systems are protected according

to the risk analysis (SCADA, ICS, DLS).

SiteProtector System, Power Systems GX adapters


Detect


Anomalies and Events DE.AE-1: A baseline of normal operations and procedures

is identified and managed.

QRadar SIEM, QRadar Vulnerability Manager, SiteProtector

System, IBM Security Network Protection XGS,

Power Systems GX adapters, Global Technology

Services – Industrial Controls Cybersecurity Consulting

DE.AE-2: Detected events are analyzed to understand

attack targets and methods.

QRadar SIEM, SiteProtector System, IBM Security Network

Protection XGS, Power Systems GX adapters

DE.AE-3: Cyber-security data is correlated from diverse

information sources.

QRadar SIEM

DE.AE-4: Impact of potential cyber-security events is

determined.

QRadar SIEM, QRadar Risk Manager

DE.AE-05: Incident alert thresholds are created. QRadar SIEM, SiteProtector System

Security Continuous Monitoring

DE.CM-1: The network is monitored to detect potential

cyber-security events.

SiteProtector System, IBM Security Network Protection

XGS, Power Systems GX adapters, QRadar, Global

Technology Services – IBM Managed Security Services

DE.CM-2: The physical environment is monitored to

detect potential cyber-security events.

Global Technology Services, Global Technology

Services – Managed Security Services

DE.CM-3: Personnel activity is monitored to detect

potential cyber-security events.

IBM Security Access Manager, IBM Security Identity

Manager, IBM Security Privileged Identity Manager,

QRadar SIEM, Global Technology Services – Managed

Security Services

DE.CM-4: Malicious code is detected. IBM Security Network Protection XGS, Power Systems

GX adapters, Endpoint Manager, Fiberlink,* QRadar SIEM,

Global Technology Services – Managed Security Services

DE.CM-5: Unauthorized mobile code is detected. Endpoint Manager, Fiberlink*

DE.CM-6: External service providers are monitored. SiteProtector System, IBM Security Network Protection

XGS, Power Systems GX adapters, Global Technology

Services, Global Business Services, Global Technology


DE.CM-7: Unauthorized resources are monitored. QRadar SIEM, Endpoint Manager, Global Technology


DE.CM-8: Vulnerability assessments are performed. AppScan, QRadar Vulnerability Manager

9IBM Software

Detect


Detection Processes DE.DP-1: Roles and responsibilities for detection are

well defined to ensure accountability.


Identity Manager, IBM Security Access Manager,

QRadar SIEM, Global Technology Services,

Global Business Services, OpenPages

DE.DP-2: Detection activities comply with all applicable

requirements, including those related to privacy and

civil liberties.


DE.DP-3: Detection processes are exercised to

ensure readiness.

QRadar SIEM, QRadar Vulnerability Manager

DE.DP-4: Event detection information is communicated

to appropriate parties.

SiteProtector System, IBM Security Network Protection

XGS, QRadar SIEM, OpenPages, AppScan

DE.DP-5: Detection processes are continuously

improved.



Respond


Response Planning RS.PL-1: Response plan is implemented during or after

an event.

IBM IT Emergency Response Services,

Global Business Services, Incident Response/ERS

Communications RS.CO-1: Personnel know their roles and order of

operations when a response is needed.

IBM IT Emergency Response Services, Global Business

Services, IBM Security Identity Manager, IBM Security

Privileged Identity Manager, SiteProtector System,

IBM Security QRadar SIEM, Security Operations

Personnel, Incident Response/ERS

RS.CO-2: Events are reported consistent with

established criteria.

IBM IT Emergency Response Services,

Global Business Services, Security Operations Personnel,

Incident Response/ERS

RS.CO-3: Detection/response information, such as breach

reporting requirements, is shared consistent with response

plans, including those related to privacy and civil liberties.


Services, Security Operations Personnel, Incident

Response/ERS

RS.CO-4: Coordination with stakeholders occurs

consistent with response plans, including those related

to privacy and civil liberties.


Services, Security Operations Personnel, Incident

Response/ERS

RS.CO-5: Voluntary coordination occurs with external

stakeholders (for example: business partners, information

sharing and analysis centers or customers).


Security Operations Personnel, Incident Response/ERS


Respond


Analysis RS.AN-1: Notifications from the detection system

are investigated.

SiteProtector System, QRadar SIEM

RS.AN-2: Understand the impact of the incident. IBM IT Emergency Response Services,

Global Business Services, QRadar SIEM,

QRadar Risk Manager, QRadar Vulnerability Manager

RS.AN-3: Forensics are performed. QRadar SIEM, eForensics

RS.AN-4: Incidents are classified consistent with

response plans.


SiteProtector System, QRadar SIEM, Security Operations

Personnel, Incident Response/ERS

Mitigation RS.MI-1: Incidents are contained. QRadar SIEM, SiteProtector System, IBM Security Network

Protection XGS, Fiberlink,* eForensics

RS.MI-2: Incidents are eradicated. Endpoint Manager, eForensics

Improvements RS.IM-1: Response plans incorporate lessons learned. Global Technology Services, Global Business Services,

Security Operations Personnel, IBM IT Emergency

Response Services

RS.IM-2: Response strategies are updated. IBM IT Emergency Response Services,


Incident Response/ERS, Cognos, OpenPages,

IBM Security Network Protection XGS

11IBM Software

Recover


Recovery Planning RC.RP-1: Recovery plan is executed. IBM IT Emergency Response Services,

Global Business Services, Tivoli Storage Manager,


Improvements RC.IM-1: Plans are updated with lessons learned. IBM IT Emergency Response Services,

Global Business Services, OpenPages,


RC.IM-2: Recovery strategy is updated. IBM IT Emergency Response Services,


Incident Response/ERS, OpenPages

Communications RC.CO-1: Public relations are managed. IBM IT Emergency Response Services,


RC.CO-2: Reputation after an event is repaired. IBM IT Emergency Response Services,


ConclusionUtilizing the guidance in the NIST framework and implement-ing comprehensive solutions that correspond to various aspects of the core subcategories of the framework gives an organization the ability to apply risk management principles to cyber-security. Most importantly, it sets the stage for continuous self-assessment, security adjustments and capabilities for closing gaps in protection that typically appear as threats and business needs change. A comprehensive portfolio of solutions can posi-tion an organization to move up to higher levels of maturity in risk and cyber-security management. The NIST framework is a process-focused approach to security that is centered on incident prevention and response. It lays the groundwork for a range of higher-level approaches with different areas of focus.

●● Domain frameworks such as the IBM Security Framework that address how IT security teams organize and execute their daily operations

●● Sectoral frameworks that address the security concerns of specific business sectors

●● Organizational frameworks that address the unique require-ments of an individual organization and its infrastructure

●● Smart Architecture frameworks that deliver an architectural design for strengthening operations and security

All of these frameworks provide the building blocks for assessing controls and managing risk. The higher maturity levels help avoid a focus on security issues that have already occurred, with a concentration instead on managing emerging issues. They help elevate the security conversation to involve higher-level executives—assuring a proper focus on business needs. Ultimately, they make it possible for the entire organization—not IT alone—to have a stake in cyber risk management in order to help ensure ongoing security improvement, smooth transitions to new security technologies and provide greater protection for the enterprise.

Please Recycle

For more informationTo learn more about the IBM Security Framework and IBM Security Systems, please contact your IBM representative or IBM Business Partner, or visit: ibm.com/security

About IBM Security SystemsIBM Security offers one of the most advanced and integrated portfolios of enterprise security products and services. The portfolio, supported by world-renowned X-Force research and development, provides security intelligence to help organizations holistically protect their people, infrastructures, data and applica-tions, offering solutions for identity and access management, database security, application development, risk management, endpoint management, network security and more. These solutions enable organizations to effectively manage risk and implement integrated security for mobile, cloud, social media and other enterprise business architectures. IBM operates one of the world’s broadest security research, development and deliv-ery organizations, monitors 15 billion security events per day in more than 130 countries, and holds more than 3,000 security patents.

Additionally, IBM Global Financing can help you acquire the software capabilities that your business needs in the most cost-effective and strategic way possible. W e’ll partner with credit-qualified clients to customize a financing solution to suit your business and development goals, enable effective cash management, and improve your total cost of ownership. Fund your critical IT investment and propel your business forward with IBM Global Financing. For more information, visit: ibm.com/financing

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2014

IBM Corporation Software Group Route 100 Somers, NY 10589

Produced in the United States of America August 2014

IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, AppScan, Cognos, Global Business Services, Global Technology Services, Guardium, i2, InfoSphere, OpenPages, QRadar, Tivoli, and X-Force are trademarks of International Business Machines Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the web at “Copyright and trademark information” at ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml

This document is current as of the initial date of publication and may be changed by IBM at any time. Not all offerings are available in every country in which IBM operates.

It is the user’s responsibility to evaluate and verify the operation of any other products or programs with IBM products and programs.

THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF NON-INFRINGEMENT. IBM products are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the agreements under which they are provided.

Statement of Good Security Practices: IT system security involves protecting systems and information through prevention, detection and response to improper access from within and outside your enterprise. Improper access can result in information being altered, destroyed or misappropriated or can result in damage to or misuse of your systems, including to attack others. No IT system or product should be considered completely secure and no single product or security measure can be completely effective in preventing improper access. IBM systems and products are designed to be part of a comprehensive security approach, which will necessarily involve additional operational procedures, and may require other systems, products or services to be most effective. IBM does not warrant that systems and products are immune from the malicious or illegal conduct of any party.

* Fiberlink Communications was acquired by IBM in December of 2013.

1 National Institute of Standards and Technology, “Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity,” February 12, 2014. http://www.nist.gov/cyberframework/upload/ cybersecurity-framework-021214-final.pdf

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Applying IBM Security solutions to the NIST · PDF fileIBM Software Thought Leadership White Paper August 2014 Applying IBM Security solutions to the NIST Cybersecurity Framework Help