Applied ICT GCSEUNIT 2

ICT in ORGANISATIONS

Discussion

• As part of this unit you will need to investigate an organisation or a department within an organisation to see how it uses ICT

• Think of several organisations that you have close contact with

• Do any of your family members work for an organisation?

Organisation - definition

What is an organisation?• a group of people who work together for a common

purpose• can be as small as a group of 3 or a multinational

corporations employing thousands

• the shops you go to, the hairdressers, hospitals, school, colleges, charities – all are organisations

Aims of an Organisation

• To provide a product• To provide a service• If commercial, to make a profit

Discussion

What are the objectives of:-

• The Royal Navy• Oxfam• Hospital Trust• A local builder?

Main functions of an Organisation

All businesses carry out the following functions:-

• Sales• Purchasing• Finance• Operations

Discussion

Does a hairdressing salon carry out

these four functions?

Does a brass band carry out

these functions?

Uses of ICTMost organisations cannot exist without computers for the following purposes:-

• Communication – with whom?– how?

• Manage and control processes– how?

• Manage finance, payroll, budgeting, reporting, processing transactions

– why? • Stock control

– of what?• Marketing

– what?– how?

ICT in Communication

• Newsletters• Company Intranet• Videoconferencing• Internal memos/letters/formal

documents• External communication with

customers, bank, suppliers, Inland revenue

• using – voicemail, fax, e-mail, teleconferencing, mobile phones, text messaging etc

Discussion• What are the advantages

/disadvantages of using videoconferencing

• What are the advantages /disadvantages of fax transmission? How does a fax work?

• What are the advantages /disadvantages of using e-mails as opposed to using the telephone?

ICT in Sales/Purchasing

• Orders made by EDI• Orders made by fax,

mail, phone• Made on the Sales

Order Processing system

• Paperwork generated – picking note, invoice, despatch note, delivery note

• Customer queries – • Software – special

designer software – keeping track of your transactions

• Stock control• Purchasing

Discussion

• What items of information do you think would be stored about each item of stock by the manufacturer?

• What items of information need to go on to the customer invoice?

• What information needs to be kept about each stock item?

• What stock transactions will be recorded?

ICT in Finance

• Credit Control• Supplier

payments• Budgeting and

forecasting• Payroll

Discussion

• What type of software would be useful for preparing a budget?

• What features of the software make it particularly useful?

ICT in Production

• Robots in industry – sensors, microprocessor, actuators

• Computer control – Input/Process/Output

• Computer monitoring – hospitals, environment (Thames Barrier)

• Production Control• Computer Aided Design - CAD• Computer Aided Manufacture -

CAM

ICT in Marketing

• Market Research• Advertising• Creating a

website• Direct Mail

ICT in the background

• System maintenance

• Backups• Jobs – technician,

network manager