Application of the Everglades Landscape Model for ... · Everglades Agricultural Area Everglades National Park. Hi. 25 km Lake Okeechobee. N. S-10D S-10C S-10A S-7 S-10E. F0 U3 F1

http://www.sfwmd.gov/org/wrp/elm/

EvergladesEvergladesLandscapeLandscape

ModelModel

Application of theEverglades Landscape Model

for Restoration Initiatives

C. FitzN. WangJ. Godin

A. MoralesY. Wu

F. Sklar

Everglades Division

Carl Fitz

This is a very quick look at the ELM, from a 15 minute presentation given to a technical audience. Scroll- or Page- down for the slide sequence; or select a slide from the bookmarks.



Everglades Landscape Model(ELM) Objectives

• Understand ecosystem dynamics at regional scale

• Develop predictions of landscape response to altered water &

nutrient management

• One tool to aid in Everglades restoration

Integrate hydrology, biology and nutrient cycling in spatially

explicit simulation



Performance measures(web-enabled)

• Regional maps§ Multi- year summaries: TP,

periphyton, vegetation, ...§ Animations (annual or monthly)§ Difference maps



• Track inflows from S-8

• Monthly mean concentrations

• Distribution via overland andcanal flows

Example: tracer flow in surface water

INFLOW

For animation,see web site’s

Results section



§ Water quality

• TP concentration & load• LOK water tracer

§ Soils

• peat accretion• TP concentration

§ Periphyton

• biomass & community type• tissue TP concentration

§ Macrophytes

• biomass & community type• tissue TP concentration

Performance measures(web-enabled)

50 Kilometres

Many Gradie

nts/Indic

ator Regio

ns

Subregional summaries



0-2 km2-4 km

TamiamiTrail

Mean P Accumulation

0

10

20

30

40

50m

g/m

^2

pe

r y

ea

r

1995 Base 2050 Base Modwaters Alt120-2 km 2-4 km 0-2 km 2-4 km 0-2 km 2-4 km

Rainfall Loading

50 Kilometres

Example: P Accumulation in upper NESS



Everglades"response"

Hydrology

Ecological interactions

SFWMM (&ELM) hydrology

Everglades"response"

HydrologyNutrients

+ ELM water quality

Periphyton

Macrophytes

Nutrients Hydrology

Soil

StandingDetritus

+ ELM ecology



Landscape Pattern

EcologicalInteractions

Flows acrosspattern

Cypress

Wet Prairie

Sawgrass

Cattail

Slough

Canal

Legend

EcologicalInteractions

Periphyton

Macrophytes

Nutrients Hydrology

Soil

StandingDetritus

Periphyton

Macrophytes

Nutrients Hydrology

Soil

StandingDetritus

Spatial interactions



WestPalmBeach

Miami

SFWMM10.4 km2

ELM1.0 km2

ELM0.25 km2

Florida Bay

LakeOkeechobee

WCA2A

Model domains



N

50 Kilometres

1 556 Open Water

2 1705 Sawgrass plain3 802 Sawgrass ridge4 834 Sawgrass slough deep5 848 Sawgrass slough shallow6 982 Sawgrass marl prairie

7 518 Gramminoid mix 8 475 Wet prairie9 9 Slough w/ gramminoids10 26 Slough w/ non-gramminoids

11 157 Cattail (high density)12 43 Cattail (med density)13 35 Cattail (low density)

14 90 Muhly grass

15 58 Salt marsh

16 25 Hardwood-mixed17 861 Swamp forest18 477 Mangrove forest19 99 Buttonwood forest

20 290 Pineland savannah21 594 Cypress savanna

22 89 Brush23 95 Hardwood Scrub 24 59 Cypress scrub 25 489 Mangrove Scrub 26 121 ButtonWood Scrub

27 35 Brazilian Pepper 28 9 Melaleuca 29 13 Human Influence

HabitatCode

Area(km2) Description

ELM vegetation classes, ca. 1995



0

250

500

750

1000

50 Kilometres

mg P • kg-1 soil(0-10 cm depth)

Soil Total Phosphorus (ca.1995)



WCA1

WCA2

WCA3A

EvergladesAgricultural

Area

EvergladesNational

Park

Hi

25 km

LakeOkeechobee

N

S-10D

S-10CS-10A

S-7

S-10E

F0

U3

F1

F4F5

2-17

F3

F2

Water Conservation Area 2A

S-146S-145

S-144

S-38S-11C

S-11B

S-11A S-143

LowSoil Phosphorus

Concentration



a) NativePeri: 65 g C m-2

0c) MacBio: 1.1 kg C m-2

b) P SfWat: 100 ug L-1

a) b) c)

Periphyton, phosphorus,and macrophyte patterns



Observed

0.002

Simulated

0.8

Interstitial P (mg L-1)

(ELM version 1.0)

Soil porewater P calibration



Vegetation change calibration

Observed

Cattail 90+%Cattail 50+%Cattail 10+%Sawgrass etc.

} lumpedfor simulation

Simulated

1991

Observed

Simulated

1995(ELM version 1.0)



Stage monitoring regions/points

50 Kilometres

NESRS3NESRS2

NESRS1

G1502

RUTZKE

EPSWNP207

NP67

THSO

NP201

G620NP205

NP34 NP33

NP206NP36

NP35NP44

NP38

3A-28

3A-4

3B-SE

3-71

3-763A-SW3A-S

3A-NE

3A-11

3A-2

3A-12 3A-3

3A-NW

1-7

1-9

1-8T

2A-159

2A-17

2A-300

2B-Y

ROTTSHOLG

HOL1

HOL2

SHARK



Stage calibration examples (v.2.1)

NP-206 (East ENP)

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

Jan'80 Jan'81 Jan'82 Jan'83 Jan'84 Jan'85 Jan'86 Jan'87 Jan'88 Jan'89 Jan'90 Jan'91 Jan'92 Jan'93 Jan'94 Jan'95

Observed Land elev. ELM SFWMM

NP-36 (Shark Slough)

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50


Jan'96

Jan'96

Observed Land elev. ELM SFWMM



NESRS1

EPP37

TSB

NP34 NP33

NP36

NP35

S31

3

S12-A-DS333

CA315

S9

S151

CA311L28I

CA38

C123SR84

CA34

CA36

S140 S144-6

CA32

S11A-C

G204-6

G155CA35

CA33

S10A-D

S5

L7L40

5

9 87 6

14

111312

15 16

S6

4

10

S332

S18C

S8 S150

LOX3-16

COOPER.

50 Kilometres

Surface water TP monitoring regions/points

S7



Surface water TP calibration examples (v.2.1)S-11 A-C Mean

0

50

100

150

200

250

300


S-11s observed S-11s simulated

Jan'96

S12 A-D Mean

Jan'80 Jan'81 Jan'82 Jan'83 Jan'84 Jan'85 Jan'86 Jan'87 Jan'88 Jan'89 Jan'90 Jan'91 Jan'92 Jan'93 Jan'94 Jan'95 Jan'96

S-12s observed S-12s simulated

0

50

100

150

200

250

300



Project Alternative Evaluation:Hydrologic Considerations

• For each Alternative, SFWMM provides daily input data on

managed flows through water control structures

• ELM hydrology (overland, groundwater, canal flows, etc)

otherwise independent of SFWMM

• ELM uses SFWMM data on rainfall, topography, others

• Verify that ELM hydrology is consistent with SFWMM (stage,

hydroperiod, budgets)



Status

• Available NOW for evaluations of surface water quality throughoutthe Everglades

TP in surface water:

monthly, 1979-1995

• Finalizing calibration/refinement to evaluate other ecological(soils, periphyton, macrophytes) responses

For animation,see web site’s

Results section


Documents

Application of the Everglades Landscape Model for ... · Everglades Agricultural Area Everglades National Park. Hi. 25 km Lake Okeechobee. N. S-10D S-10C S-10A S-7 S-10E. F0 U3 F1